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26th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING PROFESSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA Cover Image
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26. МЕЂУНАРОДНИ КОНГРЕС РАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНЕ И РЕВИЗОРСКЕ ПРОФЕСИЈЕ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРПСКЕ
26th INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING PROFESSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA

ACCOUNTING, AUDITING AND FINANCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NEW NORMALITY, DIGITALIZATION AND “GREEN” TRANSITION

Contributor(s): Novak Kondić (Editor)
Subject(s): Economy, National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Financial Markets, Public Finances, Accounting - Business Administration
Published by: Savez računovođa i revizora Republike Srpske
Keywords: accounting; auditing; Republic of Srpska; green transition; green money; digitalization;

  • Print-ISBN-13: 978-99976-620-9-5
  • Page Count: 352
  • Publication Year: 2022
  • Language: Serbian
РАЧУНОВОЂЕ И РЕВИЗОРИ У ВРТЛОГУ ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ

РАЧУНОВОЂЕ И РЕВИЗОРИ У ВРТЛОГУ ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ
(ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS IN THE VORTEX OF DIGITIZATION)

  • Author(s):Mirko Andrić, Milan Lakićević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
  • Page Range:9-20
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:accounting reporting; audit; digitization; audit application software;
  • Summary/Abstract:The development of information technologies marked the era of digitization, introducing a new dimension of technical and technological progress at speed we did not expect. The changes caused by the digitalization phenomenon are visible in all spheres of economic and social life. The accounting profession could not remain outside of these processes. The subjects of our attention in this paper are the benefits, challenges and limitations that digitization brings to the accounting profession. Information is of crucial importance for the effective management of business information. Timely, true and reliable information is mostly generated by accountants. Their quality and credibility are further increased by auditing. The essence, philosophy and purport of accounting are not changed regardless of the significant difference between manual accounting and the modern digital era. Digitization enables faster, more efficient and more complete data collection, their selection and processing, as well as the generation of reports in different forms. On the other hand, there is a very pronounced limitation, of the so-called information entropy, when the volume of information and data overwhelms the system. It used to be difficult to get certain information. Now, the situation has drastically changed, and the essence of the problem is reflected in the ability to find what is needed in the sea of information. It is thankless to make predictions about what will happen, even in the near future. We hope that the era of digitization and artificial intelligence will not reduce the role of the accountant to performing simple data entry operations. Otherwise, the accounting profession will not survive. We hope that with the development of artificial intelligence, man will not give up his own. This conclusion also applies to the accounting profession.
  • Price: 5.00 €
ИНТЕГРАЛНИ СИСТЕМ ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА КАО ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА „ЗЕЛЕНЕ“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈЕ

ИНТЕГРАЛНИ СИСТЕМ ФИНАНСИЈСКОГ ИЗВЕШТАВАЊА КАО ИНФРАСТРУКТУРА „ЗЕЛЕНЕ“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈЕ
(INTEGRAL SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL REPORTING AS INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE GREEN TRANSITION)

  • Author(s):Dragan Đuričin
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):National Economy, Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:21-44
  • No. of Pages:24
  • Keywords:green transition; circular model of growth; industrial policies; automatic macroeconomic stabilizers; ESG measures; sustainability report;
  • Summary/Abstract:The intention of this paper is not only to voice our concern over the ongoing complex crisis and related mega messes, but also to raise awareness about the importance of adopting more adequate view in search of solutions. Climate change and related disbalances in physical and biological subsystems are evident to everyone, the same as their impact on socio-economic subsystem of the planet as system dynamics in terms of J. Forrester. In more than two centuries, the prosperity based on cumulative effects of four industrial revolutions has brought humanity into a state of climate emergency, the stage of threatening preconditions that put in jeopardy the prospects of sustainable and inclusive growth. Indeed, until the green transition to a net-zero economy, imbalances will continue to grow in a non-linear way. Fact-based scientific research is warning us that the rise in global temperature reaching 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels dramatically increases the probability of the most apocalyptic consequences, including the risk of biotic feedback loops. The green transition entails a radical transformation of the energy sector and land-use sectors such as industry, agriculture, buildings, mobility, forestry, and waste as the biggest emitters of greenhouse gasses. The green transition would challenge economic orthodoxies. For more than two centuries, liberal capitalism, whether conventional or neoliberal, has been continuously marked by a split between two categories of liberty, negative and positive. To remember, a negative liberty is giving economic agents the right to have freedom from the government interference, supposing that they are “homo economicus” led by self-interest and economic rationality. Inversely, a positive liberty is a right to be “human”, capable of respecting global commons, apart from the freedom of having private interests. For more than five decades, the neoliberal variant of capitalism, referred to as shareholder capitalism by J. Friedman, and market fundamentalism as its prevailing policy platform, primarily fueled by negative liberties, failed to deliver enough human well-being. The logical consequences of market fundamentalism, or giving the market the role of an almost exclusive coordination mechanism, are a linear model of growth and the economic policy platform colloquially named the “Washington Consensus”. In neoliberal variant of capitalism, in addition to internal structural imbalances inherent to the neoliberal economic system and imbalances due to the misconceptions in providing a responsive policy platform, too many new forces related to external asymmetric shocks, such as climate change, biorisk increase, and an overwhelming impact of (geo)politics on the economy and society, have been unleashed. In correlations with the existing ones, new forces are producing mega disbalances. An orthodox neoliberal approach is not particularly suitable for the economies with a delay in economic development aspiring to catch up. To find the solution, we must start with a paradigm change, both in microeconomics and macroeconomics, by setting up a new nexus of economic rules for the digital age, capable of explaining the behavior of an ever-changing economic system when universal connectivity is a dominant free good. The formulation of anew model of growth and related economic policy platform follows. The model of financing the transition from shareholder capitalism to progressive capitalism and related performance measurement system are at the center of such a radical change. Following the previous logic of reasoning, the material is organized in three parts, except Introduction and Conclusion. The first part is dedicated to the context for change. The following two parts focus on the key question and possible answers, respectively, by proposing a new nexus of economic rules, along with the circular model of growth and heterodox economic policy platform as generators of the new economy, complemented by the integral system of financial reporting. The last one is dedicated to the financing of the green transition.
  • Price: 8.00 €
НЕОПХОДНОСТ УНАПРЕЂЕЊА ЕКОНОМСКИХ И ЕКОЛОШКИХ ПЕРФОРМАНСИ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА: ИЗАЗОВИ ЗА УПРАВЉАЧКО РАЧУНОВОДСТВО ЗАШТИТЕ ЖИВОТНЕ СРЕДИНЕ

НЕОПХОДНОСТ УНАПРЕЂЕЊА ЕКОНОМСКИХ И ЕКОЛОШКИХ ПЕРФОРМАНСИ ПРЕДУЗЕЋА: ИЗАЗОВИ ЗА УПРАВЉАЧКО РАЧУНОВОДСТВО ЗАШТИТЕ ЖИВОТНЕ СРЕДИНЕ
(THE NECESSITY OF IMPROVING THE ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIES: CHALLENGES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING)

  • Author(s):Dejan Malinić
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration, Business Ethics, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:45-72
  • No. of Pages:28
  • Keywords:sustainability; corporate social responsibility; eco-efficiency; environmental management accounting; monetary еnvironmental management аccounting; physical environmental management accounting;
  • Summary/Abstract:It is certain that companies are founded with the goal of creating value for the owners, because otherwise the motives for the functioning of corporate companies would disappear, which would call into question the survival of the corporate economy as we know it. Nonetheless, the fact is that creating value for owners does not mean ignoring the interests of other stakeholders. From a management perspective, this means accepting wider responsibility, responsibility towards other stakeholders, such as creditors, customers, suppliers and others, including the interests of the community and environmental responsibility. The problem is even more interesting in the context of alarming information about the intensity of climate change, the need to preserve the environment, as well as reasonable requests that part of the responsibility for high costs be borne by companies as the key causers of these costs. Environmental accounting is recognized as an instrument by which business entities can effectively manage their economic and environmental performance. In this paper, the emphasis was placed on the challenges of applying environmental management accounting (EMA). At the same time, drivers and limitations of the wider application of environmental management accounting were identified. It was concluded that without upgrading the conventional management accounting with new techniques, it is not possible to calculate environmental costs, nor identify the potential for improvements in the areas of ecological and economic efficiency. In addition, the paper recognizes the possibilities of applying various environmental management accounting tools, which can help managers in the decision-making process.
  • Price: 8.00 €
НА ПУТУ ОД ДИГИТАЛНЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЈЕ ДО ДИГИТАЛНОГ ТОТАЛИТАРИЗМА – ДА ЛИ ЋЕ БИТИ МЈЕСТА ЗА РАЧУНОВОЂЕ КАКВЕ ПОЗНАЈЕМО?

НА ПУТУ ОД ДИГИТАЛНЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЈЕ ДО ДИГИТАЛНОГ ТОТАЛИТАРИЗМА – ДА ЛИ ЋЕ БИТИ МЈЕСТА ЗА РАЧУНОВОЂЕ КАКВЕ ПОЗНАЈЕМО?
(ON THE ROAD FROM DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION TO DIGITAL TOTALITARIANISM – WILL THERE BE ROOM FOR ACCOUNTANTS AS WE KNOW THEM?)

  • Author(s):Anđelko Lojpur, Ana Lalevic Filipovic, Milica Vukčević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:73-96
  • No. of Pages:23
  • Keywords:digitization; digital transformation; nature of the job; digital accounting;
  • Summary/Abstract:The digital age, as an unfinished product of the digital transformation process, supported by advanced digital technologies, is unstoppable entering into every pore of today’s society, economy, public sector, or rather, all areas of human work and activity. Surely, not by plan as industrially developed countries do, and not by their own will, emerging economies have found themselves at the center of the aforementioned disruptive technological reversal, which still continues to introduce radical changes in the nature of human work. The author’s intention in this paper is to present, in a concise form, some of the basic premises of the new digital paradigmatic basis, in the struggle to gain a more favorable competitive position, both for companies and national economies on the global market. Additionally, a brief overview of the role of professional accountants, which is already undergoing visible changes, will be given. It could almost certainly be shown that its content will be further redesigned, perhaps even more significantly since the beginning of more intensive application of computer technology in the mid-eighties of the last century, so that the term “digital accounting” is already in use.
  • Price: 8.00 €
ПРИЛАГОЂАВАЊЕ РЕВИЗИЈЕ ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈИ

ПРИЛАГОЂАВАЊЕ РЕВИЗИЈЕ ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈИ
(ADJUSTING AUDITING TO DIGITALIZATION)

  • Author(s):Branko Krsmanović
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
  • Page Range:97-108
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:audit; digital economy; digitalization; digital transformation;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper analyses the impact of digitalization and digital transformation on auditing. In particular, the direct implications of machine learning and artificial intelligence, as upcoming technologies that will play a key role in initiating the digital transformation of companies, on audit processes, productivity and audit quality are highlighted. The possibility of analysing the entire population instead of, used to date, sample analysis can greatly influence the reduction of audit risks and thus, consequently, increase the quality of the audit. In addition, through machine learning mechanisms, applying complex algorithms, it is possible to scan information, model it in relation to assumptions from the scenario and highlight possible risks. This predictive analytics isa step towards deep learning so, in the near future, the application will be able to „think“, learn from the results and, accordingly, run more scenarios and tests. Digital transformation refers to major changes in the economy but also in the whole society, so the issues of data security are becoming more and more important. Auditors face new challenges related to understanding the nature and likelihood of cyber threats and, in this regard, identifying and assessing risks. Consequently, there is a need to consider security audits, including black, white and grey box audits.
  • Price: 8.00 €
КОНЦЕПТ СТВАРАЊА ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ – ИЗАЗОВИ ЗА ТЕОРИЈУ И ПРАКСУ УПРАВЉАЊА И ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА САВРЕМЕНЕ КОМПАНИЈЕ

КОНЦЕПТ СТВАРАЊА ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ – ИЗАЗОВИ ЗА ТЕОРИЈУ И ПРАКСУ УПРАВЉАЊА И ИЗВЈЕШТАВАЊА САВРЕМЕНЕ КОМПАНИЈЕ
(THE CONCEPT OF VALUE CREATION - CHALLENGES FOR THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT AND REPORTING IN THE MODERN COMPANY)

  • Author(s):Radomir Božić
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:109-124
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:value approaches; shareholders value; stakeholders value; public value; shared value; concept of value in the IIRC Framework; components and measurement of value
  • Summary/Abstract:The creation of value and the reporting of various stakeholders on the process, drivers and components of value has recently attracted the attention of the theory and practice of company management and reporting and is the key information basis for making business and financial decisions, not only by investors, but also by all other stakeholders. In modern business conditions, which are determined by the processes of growing competition, globalization, internationalization, digitalization, green transition, or in the synthesized view of “new normals”, the concept of creating, managing value and reporting on it gains additional importance and faces new challenges. In the aforementioned context, in addition to understanding the essence and importance of the concept and process of value creation through a review of the relevant literature, it is important to look at the regulations of the International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC), which set value creation as a key concept of the International Integrated Reporting Framework (IIRF – International Integrated Reporting Framework).The aim of this paper is to point out the essence, components and importance of the concept of value creation and its application in business through a concise elaboration of the relevant literature, on the one hand, and the IIRC’s concept of creation and reporting on value creation through the application of the integrated reporting model based on the IIRF, on the other hand, as well as their mutual connection, in the function of moving from the traditional creation of value for owners/investors to the modern and future one, which focuses on the creation of value for interested parties in the broadest sense of the word, integrating traditional economic with ecological and social aspects and criteria.
  • Price: 8.00 €
УНАКРСНА ПРОЦЕНА ОСНОВИЦЕ ПОРЕЗА НА ДОХОДАК ФИЗИЧКИХ ЛИЦА УПОРЕЂИВАЊЕМ ПОДНЕТЕ ПОРЕСКЕ ПРИЈАВЕ СА ПОРАСТОМ ОБВЕЗНИКОВЕ ИМОВИНЕ: ШТА НАМ ГОВОРЕ ИСКУСТВА ИЗ УПОРЕДНОГ ПРАВА?

УНАКРСНА ПРОЦЕНА ОСНОВИЦЕ ПОРЕЗА НА ДОХОДАК ФИЗИЧКИХ ЛИЦА УПОРЕЂИВАЊЕМ ПОДНЕТЕ ПОРЕСКЕ ПРИЈАВЕ СА ПОРАСТОМ ОБВЕЗНИКОВЕ ИМОВИНЕ: ШТА НАМ ГОВОРЕ ИСКУСТВА ИЗ УПОРЕДНОГ ПРАВА?
(CROSS-CHECKING OF INCOME TAX RETURNS WITH WORTH ACCRETION: WHAT DO COMPARATIVE LAW EXPERIENCES TELL US?)

  • Author(s):Dejan Popović
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Fiscal Politics / Budgeting, Accounting - Business Administration, Comparative Law
  • Page Range:125-136
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:cross-checking of income tax returns with worth accretion; accrual of net worth; non-discrimination; unity of legal order; unreported income;
  • Summary/Abstract:Cross-checking of income tax returns with worth accretion in order to assess unreported in comenot only resonates not only as a populist measure but also carries potential fiscal and sociopolitical effects. The paper presents various solutions from the comparative tax legislations followed by the modalities of cross-checking applied in Serbia’s tax law. The analysis points out the weaknesses of a number of adopted provisions, concluding that some of them may be challenged before the Constitutional Court on the basis of contradicting constitutional provisions on the unity of legal order, non-discrimination and legality of taxes. It is the author’s deduction that, even if the observed flaws are removed, the issue of the political will whether to apply cross-checking of income tax returns with worth accretion method that could harm “someone from our ranks” will remain. In his opinion, it is the dilemma which can explain other Western Balkan states hesitation to apply such method.
  • Price: 8.00 €
КРИЗНИ ФИНАНСИЈСКИ МЕНАЏМЕНТ У ФУНКЦИЈИ ПРИЛАГОЂАВАЊА ПОЛИТИКА ПРЕДУЗЕЋА „ЗЕЛЕНОЈ“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈИ

КРИЗНИ ФИНАНСИЈСКИ МЕНАЏМЕНТ У ФУНКЦИЈИ ПРИЛАГОЂАВАЊА ПОЛИТИКА ПРЕДУЗЕЋА „ЗЕЛЕНОЈ“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈИ
(CRISIS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN THE FUNCTION OF ADJUSTING COMPANY POLICIES TO THE GREEN TRANSITION)

  • Author(s):Dragan Mikerević, Đoko Malešević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):National Economy, Energy and Environmental Studies, Public Finances, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:137-154
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:Crisis management; green transition; coronavirus pandemic; creditworthiness; profitability; liquidity; independence;
  • Summary/Abstract:For three decades, relevant international institutions have been warning about the threat to the planet Earth and the violation of economic and ecological interests. Striving to be a leader in nature protection, the European Union adopted the Green Deal (plan), where certain funds from European funds are earmarked for the countries of the Western Balkans. Each country will be able to apply for these funds individually, with the fact that they will have to meet the appropriate criteria, including participation with their own funds. Looking at the financial situation of the Republika Srpska economy, we came to the realization that a large number of companies operating in the loss zone, have been insolvent for a long time, and that it is necessary, if they have not fallen under the Bankruptcy Law, to introduce crisis management to rehabilitate such companies as quickly as possible. It is also necessary to do this for companies whose productionis aimed at export.
  • Price: 8.00 €
ПРИВЛАЧЕЊЕ „ЗЕЛЕНОГ“ НОВЦА

ПРИВЛАЧЕЊЕ „ЗЕЛЕНОГ“ НОВЦА
(ATTRACTING GREEN MONEY)

  • Author(s):Silvije Orsag, Dejan Mikerević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:155-182
  • No. of Pages:28
  • Keywords:sustainable development; green finance; green business finance; legal entity for special purpose;
  • Summary/Abstract:In the paper, we analyze the company’s possibilities for attracting green money. We are talking about money provided for these purposes by states and wider communities, specialized funds, but also money that is ready to be provided by environmentally conscious investors. We started the analysis from the assumption that there is no conflict between profit and sustainable development, but that they can and must go together. In this sense, we have shown that the green economy must be profitable, but also socially responsible and harmonized with the environment. Startingfrom such a determinant of the green economy, we believe that the green transition can be essentially realized only when the green economy is reduced to various companies that will operate profitably, socially responsible and in harmony with the natural environment. Green business must have green business finance. It is an activity that must ensure the financing of that business in the broadest sense of the word. However, in addition to the standard forms, methods and instruments of financing, a company can expand its financial choices by communicating with investors about its green business. An additional lever for attracting green money is the use of a legal entity for special purposes.
  • Price: 8.00 €
МЈЕРЕЊЕ ДОБИТИ И ОДРЖАЊЕ КАПИТАЛА У УСЛОВИМА ИНФЛАЦИЈЕ

МЈЕРЕЊЕ ДОБИТИ И ОДРЖАЊЕ КАПИТАЛА У УСЛОВИМА ИНФЛАЦИЈЕ
(PROFIT MEASUREMENT AND CAPITAL MAINTENANCE IN INFLATIONARY CONDITIONS)

  • Author(s):Jelena Poljašević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:183-200
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:capital maintenance; historical cost; current value; inflation; income measurement;
  • Summary/Abstract:The presented profit of the company is influenced by the concept of capital maintenance and the basis of valuation of assets and liabilities. In the conditions of inflation, due to the general increase in prices and constant technical-technological progress, the question arises as to how the company’s position and performance should be presented so as not to distribute profits above the amount needed to maintain capital. In this paper, the focus is on the physical maintenance of capital, which implies valuation according to current costs, and the way in which profit is expressed by applying this concept.
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OFF-SHORE ПОСЛОВАЊЕ И ДИГИТАЛНИ СВЕТ – ОД УПОТРЕБЕ ДО ЗЛОУПОТРЕБЕ

OFF-SHORE ПОСЛОВАЊЕ И ДИГИТАЛНИ СВЕТ – ОД УПОТРЕБЕ ДО ЗЛОУПОТРЕБЕ
(OFFSHORE BUSINESS AND THE DIGITAL WORLD – FROM USE TO ABUSE)

  • Author(s):Aleksandar Petković
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Financial Markets, Accounting - Business Administration, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Corruption - Transparency - Anti-Corruption
  • Page Range:201-216
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:tax havens; favorable tax treatment; tax evasion; use of tax havens; abuse of tax havens;
  • Summary/Abstract:Favourable tax environment, strengthening of digital business, shortage in the exchange of tax data, as well as the possible concealment of the identities of beneficial owners, represent the most important benefits that jurisdictions known as tax havens offer to potential non-residents. For decades, such territorial-legislative structures have encouraged theoretical debates regarding the legality of their operation as well as the offshore business system itself. The aim of this paper is to reach certain conclusions regarding the legality of their existence through a comparative analysis of different theoretical positions and practical knowledge in relation to the existence of tax havens and digital economy, as well as to answer the question of whether the offshore business system itself is consequently an instrument of abuse or an expression of real needs for a different way of performing business activities.
  • Price: 5.00 €
ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈА И ИНОВАЦИЈЕ У РЕВИЗИЈИ

ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈА И ИНОВАЦИЈЕ У РЕВИЗИЈИ
(DIGITIZATION AND INNOVATIONS IN AUDITING)

  • Author(s):Kristina Peštović
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:217-228
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Keywords:digitization; auditing;
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the characteristics of digitization and innovations in auditing. Digitization represents the use of digital technologies in order to change business processes and improve business performance. From the audit aspect, the characteristics of digitization in the segment of audit evidence and audit files were presented. Digitization from the aspect of audit evidence provides auditors with the opportunity to collect a larger volume of audit evidence, eliminate certain testing on a sample basis and obtain evidence of a significantly higher level of reliability. Digitization of audit files provides significantly easier manipulation of documents from the aspect of search, management and exchange. Today, auditors are actively using generalized and user software in the process of digitizing their activities, and when it comes to innovations in auditing, the use of artificial intelligence, automation and predictive tools in auditing is indicated.
  • Price: 8.00 €
УПРАВЉАЧКОРАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНА ПОДРШКА МЕРЕЊУ И УНАПРЕЂЕЊУ КОРПОРАТИВНЕ ЕКО-ЕФИКАСНОСТИ

УПРАВЉАЧКОРАЧУНОВОДСТВЕНА ПОДРШКА МЕРЕЊУ И УНАПРЕЂЕЊУ КОРПОРАТИВНЕ ЕКО-ЕФИКАСНОСТИ
(MANAGERIAL-ACCOUNTING SUPPORT TO CORPORATE ECO-EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT)

  • Author(s):Dejan Jovanović
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:229-246
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:corporate eco-efficiency; environmental performance; economic performance; management accounting; environment
  • Summary/Abstract:The relationship between environmental and economic performances is an important dimension of the sustainability of an enterprise. It is exactly a combination of the economic and environmental performances of a certain enterprise that is understood as a corporate eco-efficiency concept. By including corporate eco-efficiency in an enterprise’s strategic planning, the management of the enterprise establish a direct link between the goals of the protection of the environment and profitability. Given the fact that there is not only one measure of either economic or ecological efficiency it arises that eco-efficiency is a flexible and multidimensional concept. Starting from the corporate eco-efficiency concept, this paper is aimed at investigating the theoretical methodological challenges of redesigning the standard information offer of managerial accounting in compliance with the measuring requirements and the improvement of corporate eco-efficiency. The methodological procedures and techniques characteristic of social sciences,i.e. the qualitative methodology based upon the descriptive-analytical approach, is going to be applied in the paper. Apart from pointing to multidimensionality when defining corporate eco efficiency ,the goals and possibilities of its improvement are also going to be highlighted in the paper. Special attention will be paid to corporate eco-efficiency measuring and the significance of the information provided by managerial accounting in corporate eco-efficiency measuring and improvement. This research study can be expected to contribute to the improvement of the practical and theoretical understanding of the importance of (1) the corporate eco-efficiency concept, which first of all reflects in its capability of combining two of the three sustainable development axes – the protection of the environment and economy, and (2) the role of managerial accounting in providing information about measuring it.
  • Price: 5.00 €
СПЕЦИФИЧНОСТИ ПРОЦЈЕНЕ ФЕР ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ ПОТРАЖИВАЊА ОД СТЕЧАЈНОГ ДУЖНИКА

СПЕЦИФИЧНОСТИ ПРОЦЈЕНЕ ФЕР ВРИЈЕДНОСТИ ПОТРАЖИВАЊА ОД СТЕЧАЈНОГ ДУЖНИКА
(SPECIFICS OF ESTIMATING THE FAIR VALUE OF BANKRUPT DEBTOR RECEIVABLES)

  • Author(s):Goran Radivojac, Darko Tomaš
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:247-254
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Keywords:bankruptcy; creditors’ claims; financial institutions;
  • Summary/Abstract:In legal theory, bankruptcy is defined as a form of general or general enforcement over the entire assets of the bankrupt debtor, which is carried out for the purpose of collective and proportionate settlement of the creditors of the bankrupt debtor. The main reason for initiating bankruptcy proceedings is the fact that the debtor is no longer able to fulfill his contractual and legal obligations. Insolvency is a general, basic and regular reason for bankruptcy. Insolvency is not the same as insolvency - an insolvent debtor can be solvent. The paper elaborates the specificity of the assessment of claims based on financial instruments from a bankrupt debtor who is a financial institution.
  • Price: 5.00 €
„ЗЕЛЕНА“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈА И НОВА НОРМАЛНОСТ – ЧЕМУ СЕ МОЖЕМО НАДАТИ?

„ЗЕЛЕНА“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈА И НОВА НОРМАЛНОСТ – ЧЕМУ СЕ МОЖЕМО НАДАТИ?
(GREEN TRANSITION AND NEW NORMALITY)

  • Author(s):Zoran Malešević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:255-268
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Keywords:Green Transition; Green Agenda; Investment; New Normal;
  • Summary/Abstract:The green transition was created as a response to climate change, which is caused by neglect and destruction of the environment, unequal development of regions and deepening of the gap between developed and less developed EU countries. The EU member states recognized this as an existential threat and focused their efforts on creating the so-called The Green Agenda, which was designed as an answer to solve these problems. This Agenda, as part of the green transition, includes a new European growth strategy, which aims to transform the European Union into a modern, resource-efficient and competitive economy. In addition to the recognized environmental problem, this Agenda did not take into account some other variables, which significantly affect the sustainability of the plan, and therefore the stability of the plan. Thus, this Agenda and the green transition itself in general, showed its shortcomings but also the necessity of constant improvement. With this, the green transition became a new normality, that is, a reality, which was included in everyday life. The new normal raises questions about where we are now, what we will change and what we can hope for. The anticipated responses, although positive, do not paint a bleak picture of things, because it is the new normal. The paper will try to show how the green transition changes reality and how it becomes the new normal.
  • Price: 5.00 €
ИНФОРМАЦИЈА И „ЗЕЛЕНА“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈА У МИЉЕУ ОКРУЖЕЊА

ИНФОРМАЦИЈА И „ЗЕЛЕНА“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈА У МИЉЕУ ОКРУЖЕЊА
(INFORMATION AND GREEN TRANSITION IN THE MILIEU OF THE ENVIRONMENT)

  • Author(s):Radmilo Todosijević, Miloš Todosijević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:269-284
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Keywords:information; green transition; environment; digitization; decision; reporting;
  • Summary/Abstract:It is always futile to restore normality, because these are only yesterday’s realities that will never be met in reality. Every future reality will be a new reality. The destructive effect of technical progress, but also its affirmative effect, does not suffer opposition. Accounting based on cyber action through the feedback loop between active and passive establishes a balance. We ask the question in terms of whether and how much the development of the economy as a system and its parts is exogenous and how much is endogenous. Disturbing factors and entropy do not suffer in vain. Each time, but also each system individually and as a whole, has its own transition, either as a moment on a dynamic line of movement, or as progress or stagnation. Can the economy develop on its own? Strategic partnership? Why should foreigners join forces with us? Everything is interest! Green transition is a process that lasts and moves from one state to another. The pace is dictated by both exogenous and endogenous factors. If the design of new systems of the existing character were to be carried out according to ecological standards, absolute determinism int heir functioning would be the goal, then no one would even mention the ecological transition. However, there are no absolute organizations. A decision is a choice of road at a crossroads. We need new information, new landmarks from the future, we need to project a new reality.Management technology, as the oldest, is becoming dominant, and thanks to information, it is the key to everything, including business success. Information is shown to be the first wealth, but also the first weapon of the modern economy and the world. We will consider the “green transition” as the regeneration of a degraded ecological structure. (Sources http://vvv.vedura.fr/environnement/biodiversite/genie-ecologique. 02/14/2020)According to the Matica Srpska Dictionary, the word “natural” also means “normal”. A green transition would mean: “Returning to normal”. The theme of the Congress was meaningfully chosen.
  • Price: 5.00 €
АНАЛИЗА ФИНАНСИЈСКИХ ПРЕВАРА У УСЛОВИМА ГЛОБАЛНЕ КРИЗЕ, СА ОСВРТОМ НА БОСНУ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНУ

АНАЛИЗА ФИНАНСИЈСКИХ ПРЕВАРА У УСЛОВИМА ГЛОБАЛНЕ КРИЗЕ, СА ОСВРТОМ НА БОСНУ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНУ
(FINANCIAL FRAUDS ANALYSIS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS WITH REFERENCE TO BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)

  • Author(s):Tajana Serdar Raković, Svetlana Sabljić
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration, Corruption - Transparency - Anti-Corruption
  • Page Range:285-302
  • No. of Pages:18
  • Keywords:financial frauds; financial statement fraud; corruption; asset misappropriation; forensic accounting;
  • Summary/Abstract:Global tendencies and outbreaks, the Covid-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian crisis, as well as numerous problems in the corporate sector, have increased the risk of financial frauds. Businesses are still struggling to manage their business operations, generate cash and keep their businesses afloat. All of the above increases the pressure to meet goals such as profit, financial performance and market and stakeholder expectations. Managers and employees may be tempted to manipulate financial statements to avoid business failure. In order to successfully combat financial frauds, it is necessary to know and understand the concept, types and causes of frauds and the way they are carried out. According to the research results, the share of asset misappropriation in the total number of financial frauds in Bosnia and Herzegovina is 61%, while financial statements frauds and corruption number 21% and 18%, respectively. A successful fight against financial frauds isa combination of prevention, detection, research and undertaking of legal and control measures. The paper deals with the concept, types and frequency of financial frauds, methods for reducing the risk of frauds and opportunities for prompt and more efficient detection of committed frauds, with special reference to Southeastern Europe and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  • Price: 5.00 €
ИНСТРУМЕНТИ И НАЧИНИ ФИНАНСИРАЊА У УСЛОВИМА НОВЕ НОРМАЛНОСТИ, ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ И „ЗЕЛЕНЕ“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈЕ

ИНСТРУМЕНТИ И НАЧИНИ ФИНАНСИРАЊА У УСЛОВИМА НОВЕ НОРМАЛНОСТИ, ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ И „ЗЕЛЕНЕ“ ТРАНЗИЦИЈЕ
(INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF FINANCING IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NEW NORMALITY, DIGITALIZATION AND GREEN TRANSITION)

  • Author(s):Miloš Grujić, Dragan Janjić
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Business Economy / Management, Energy and Environmental Studies, Accounting - Business Administration
  • Page Range:303-322
  • No. of Pages:20
  • Keywords:digitization; new normality; green financing; project financing;
  • Summary/Abstract:The Covid-19 pandemic has shown that it is possible to quickly adapt to changed environmental conditions. Also, the pandemic has shown that companies and investors are ready to quickly and significantly give up their daily habits and orient themselves to the new normality. Today, the digital transformation of business has become an integral part of every successful organization, regardless of its size, sector, or location. With the aim of achieving the highest possible profitability, the bad impact on the environment and society was neglected for years, which led to global warming, excessive pollution of the environment, a decrease in the availability of non-renewable resources, etc. The aim of the paper is to point out the importance of sustainable banking and its positive contribution to the environment. The work used a descriptive and comparative method, as well as scientific articles, announcements by regulators, websites of relevant institutions, books, etc. The paper describes the concepts of digitization and green finance and provides an overview of the activities carried out by relevant international institutions. Research results indicate that the application of digital green technologies can contribute to sustainable development and positively affect climate change and thus contribute to a better future for society, while at the same time lower costs, better reputation and greater attractiveness for users of its products and services are ensured in the mining business. The groups of green and digital financial products and services can be divided into three groups: “green banking”, “green bonds” and “green asset management. In addition, the paper presents the state of sustainability and sustainable banking in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the way in which domestic institutions, issuers and investors contribute to achieving the goals of sustainable development. In the end, recommendations are given for decision-makers related to initiatives for the adoption of certain laws or the improvement of old ones, the formation of digital-innovation technology parks, etc.
  • Price: 5.00 €
ПРАВНА РЈЕШЕЊА И ИНСТРУМЕНТИ У БОРБИ ПРОТИВ ПОРЕСКЕ ЕВАЗИЈЕ

ПРАВНА РЈЕШЕЊА И ИНСТРУМЕНТИ У БОРБИ ПРОТИВ ПОРЕСКЕ ЕВАЗИЈЕ
(LEGAL SOLUTIONS AND INSTRUMENTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST TAX EVASION)

  • Author(s):Stefan Blagojević
  • Language:Serbian
  • Subject(s):Economy, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Accounting - Business Administration, Commercial Law, Administrative Law
  • Page Range:323-352
  • No. of Pages:30
  • Keywords:tax evasion; illegal tax evasion; legal tax evasion; anti-abuse rules; new instruments in the fight against tax evasion;
  • Summary/Abstract:Despite the fact that tax evasion has always been an interesting and repeatedly relevant economic and financial phenomenon, it has been insufficiently studied and researched in our theory and practice. At the foundation of tax avoidance (tax evasion) lies the taxpayer’s resistance to tax compliance and his intention to avoid any form of reduction of his disposable income. This is due to the fact that the tax represents a derivative public revenue that the country “takes away” from people who are subjected to its fiscal sovereignty without direct counter-service. If we start from the fact that paying taxes reduces the economic strength of the person who bears its burden, the human tendency towards tax evasion is quite understandable, provided that the extent to which the resistance to paying taxes will be manifested and realized depends on several factors, such as economic trends in the state, frequent changes in tax regulations and mentality of the people who are liable to pay taxes. In any case, tax evasion represents a serious and complex social problem that significantly undermines the economic and legal basis of society. It is a complex phenomenon that occurs both on the national and international level and causes serious consequences for the fiscal policy of the state, and the key reason for the occurrence of this phenomenon is most often found in the poorly developed economic system of the country with a loose mechanism that doesn’t ensure the implementation and observance of legal (especially tax) regulations. Tax evasion reduces the possibility for the state to cover the costs of using public goods, and from the tax payers’s point of view, it leads to an unequal and unfair distribution of tax liabilities, to an increase in tax rates and the resistance of taxpayers who, through tax avoidance, reduce thevolume of taxation and thereby create a vicious circle that is difficult to terminate. In addition, tax evasion is one of the main causes of stratification in our society, and with the spread of this phenomenon the strength and importance of economic justice and equality is being questioned, as well as political and economic efficiency. However, it is important to point out that not all actions of taxpayers which lead to a lower tax burden, or complete avoidance of paying taxes are sanctioned by criminal and misdemeanor norms, which is why in this paper, among other things, we will explain both illegal and legal tax evasion. Also, we will explain the criminal law significance of anti-abuse rules as legal measures that aim to reveal the behavior of taxpayers who have intentions to achieve illegal tax savings, and we will get acquainted with new international and domestic instruments in the fight against tax evasion.
  • Price: 4.50 €
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