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Societas Classica. Papers and Articles from the International University Conference “Cultures and Religions in the Balkans, the Mediterranean and the East”, Volume XII Cover Image

Societas Classica. Статии и студии от Международната научна конференция „Култури и религии на балканите, в Средиземноморието и изтока“, том XII
Societas Classica. Papers and Articles from the International University Conference “Cultures and Religions in the Balkans, the Mediterranean and the East”, Volume XII

Contributor(s): Rosen Milanov (Editor), Victoria Kaneva (Editor), Ivanka Doncheva (Editor), Nako Stefanov (Editor), Bayan Rayhanova (Editor), Chen Ying (Editor), Joseph Farrell (Editor), Jure Zovko (Editor), Dionysis Goutsos (Editor)
Subject(s): History, Language and Literature Studies, Archaeology, Cultural history, Foreign languages learning, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Diplomatic history, Ethnohistory, Social history, Ancient World, Middle Ages, Theology and Religion, Comparative Studies of Religion, Historical Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Sociolinguistics, 6th to 12th Centuries, 13th to 14th Centuries, 15th Century, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature, History of Religion, Sociology of Literature
ISSN: 3033-2443
Published by: Великотърновски университет „Св. св. Кирил и Методий”
Keywords: History; literature; Balkan literature; Balkan history; Ancient history; Medieval history; Ancient literature; Religions.
Summary/Abstract: Societas Classica is a multi-language collection of papers presented at the international scientific conference that has been organized by the Department of Classical and Eastern Languages and Cultures since 2002 under the motto Common and Specific Features of Civilizations of Greece, the East and Rome, and later gained wide popularity in scientific circles under the title: Cultures and Religions in the Balkans, the Mediterranean and the East.Until 2015, the conference was held annually, and since 2018 it is organized once every two years. St Cyril and St Methodius University Press issues the collection within the Dr. Nicola Piccolo series.

Образите на св. Атанасий Велики и император Юлиан Отстъпник според „Църковна история“ от Теодорит Кирски († сл. 453)

Образите на св. Атанасий Велики и император Юлиан Отстъпник според „Църковна история“ от Теодорит Кирски († сл. 453)
(The Images of St Athanasius and Emperor Julianus the Apostate According to “Ecclesiastical History” by Theodoretus of Cyrrhus († After 453))

  • Author(s):Rosen Milanov
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, History, Cultural history, History of Church(es), Diplomatic history, History of ideas, Theology and Religion, Systematic Theology, Pastoral Theology, History of Religion
  • Page Range:9-19
  • No. of Pages:10
  • Summary/Abstract:Theodoretus of Cyrrhus is one of the ancient dogmatists, apologists, exegetes and biographers of Christian Church. He is also the author of “Ecclesias￾tical History”, which is continuation of the similar church history work of Eusebius of Caesarea. There are two antithetical images in this work: St Athanasius the Great and emperor Julianus the Apostate. In this paper, we will pay attention to three types of sources for the theses of Theodoretus and their gradation: the persons’ own words, other people’s testimonies, confirmed narrations of eyewitnesses. Two basic lines opposing Athanasius and Julianus are constituted: piety (εὐσέβεια) and impiety (ἀσέβεια). Levels of the composed antithesis are sought and comparison between the two historical persons and their meaning are made.
Древната християнска философия в българските теологични изследвания

Древната християнска философия в българските теологични изследвания
(The Ancient Christian Philosophy in Bulgarian Theological Studies)

  • Author(s):Dimitar Mirchev
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, History, Philosophy, Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, History of Philosophy, Oral history, Social history, Ancient World, Theology and Religion, Ancient Philosphy, Systematic Theology, Pastoral Theology, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:19-31
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Summary/Abstract:Ancient Christian philosophy is an extremely important yet underappreciated field in Bulgarian theological literature. This is especially true for the period up to 1989 when there were no translations of significant ancient sources, and studies in Bulgarian language were often influenced by Western, mainly German, critical literature, repeating non-Orthodox views accordingly. The number of translations increased significantly immediately after the beginning of the 1990s, thus becoming the most prominent reason for the wide development of ancient Christian philosophy studies in our country. Nevertheless, this development is associated with numerous challenges and even some negative phenomena. The present article discusses what precisely the current state of translation and research literature in our country is: themes, starting points, ideas, challenges, problems, prospects.
Образът на владетеля по релефите на Тиглат-паласар III. Елементи, мотиви и композиция

Образът на владетеля по релефите на Тиглат-паласар III. Елементи, мотиви и композиция
(The Image of the Ruler on the Reliefs of Tiglath-pileser III. Elements, Motifs, and Composition)

  • Author(s):Kabalan Moukarzel
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):History, Archaeology, Cultural history, Social history, Middle Ages, 6th to 12th Centuries
  • Page Range:32-61
  • No. of Pages:30
  • Summary/Abstract:The present work is based on information from 17 reliefs (or their drawings) discovered in Nimrud (ancient Calah) and Arslan-Tash (ancient Hadatu) during the 19th and the 20th c. All monuments describe the image of Tiglath-pileser III in scenes which are different in meaning and form. The arrangement of the monuments in wider narrative schemes remains obscure or at least, disputable. Exceptions to said observation are the monuments belonging to the narratives about the Babylonian campaign, the Triumph from Arslan-Tash and partly to the Arab campaign. Only half of the artifacts – eight in number, can be situated in relation to another relief or group of reliefs. The arrangement of the other eight reliefs with the king is uncertain. The compositions allow the identification of the ruler’s image on a third level of reading and place his figure in a wider historical context. The leading role of the monarch is outlined on every level of interpretation. The motifs preserved depict him as a king-ruler, a triumphant king and a king-warrior, sending propagandist messages about his abilities and invincibility. The messages are not new, even when they contain novelties. Nevertheless, they are in harmony with traditions attested in earlier monuments of this type.
Тандемът Макрон–Хиерон в древногръцката керамография

Тандемът Макрон–Хиерон в древногръцката керамография
(The Makron–Hieron Tandem in Ancient Greek Vase Painting)

  • Author(s):Ivanka Doncheva
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):History, Philosophy, Language and Literature Studies, Cultural history, Studies of Literature, History of Philosophy, Social Philosophy, History of ideas, Ancient World, Greek Literature, Ancient Philosphy, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:62-82
  • No. of Pages:21
  • Summary/Abstract:It is to the creative tandem of the vase painter Macron and the potter Hieron, two of the brightest representatives of ancient Greek ceramics, that we owe one of the most eloquent and emotional testimonies of daily life in Greece at the beginning of the 5th century BC. Macron is one of the most famous Athenian angiographers (vase painters) who worked in the red-figure style at the beginning of the 5th century BC. He was the chief angiographer in the studio of the potter Hieron, with whom he collaborated closely. Macron‘s images are characterized by the unity of the figures and their close relations in depth. The surface of the plates becomes brighter since the pattern covers almost the entire area. The artist loved the many folds in the fabric of the clothing and emphasized this decorative element particularly while keeping his design clean and austere. He mainly used scenes from everyday life (preferring to depict scenes from symposia, komos, a visit to a brothel) and Dionysian scenes in the decoration of the vessels but also depicted mythological themes. It has been suggested that Macron and Hieron were brothers who developed complementary specializations in a family workshop.
Аристофановата комедия „Птиците“ на съвременната гръцка сцена: Каролос Кун

Аристофановата комедия „Птиците“ на съвременната гръцка сцена: Каролос Кун
(Aristophan’s Comedy The Birds on the Modern Greek Stage: Karolos Koun)

  • Author(s):Vanya Lozanova-Stancheva
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Language and Literature Studies, Literary Texts, Fine Arts / Performing Arts, Visual Arts, Studies of Literature, Greek Literature, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature, Drama, Sociology of Art
  • Page Range:83-96
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Summary/Abstract:The article examines the staging of Aristophanes’ comedy The Birds in 1959/1962 by the director Karolos Koun and by the Art Theater/Θέατρο Τέχνης he founded in 1933. This comedy of Aristophanes impresses with a remarkable plot and compositional unity uncommon of the political comedy of the Classical era. It was created and imposed as an alternative to the “tradition” of the National Theatre, a new philosophy and aspiration for an innovative approach to ancient drama, different from the trends that had prevailed up to that point on the modern Greek stage. The main point, however, in Koun’s creative endeavors in this direction, focuses on the idea of ελληνικότητα, i.e. “Greekness”. The idea of ελληνικότητα as an ideological link between the performances of ancient drama on the modern Greek stage functions to a large degree as a cultural filter of stylistic characteristics, implementing an undeniably own “Greek” approach to this complex and delicate problem not only in Greece, but also far beyond its borders.
Извори за приложението на оловни съединения и разпознаване на натравянето с олово в Античността

Извори за приложението на оловни съединения и разпознаване на натравянето с олово в Античността
(Ancient Sources on the Use of Lead-Based Products and Recognition of Lead Intoxication in Greco-Roman Antiquity)

  • Author(s):Radostina Yancheva
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):History, Philosophy, Archaeology, History of Philosophy, Ancient World, Middle Ages, Ancient Philosphy, Early Modern Philosophy, 6th to 12th Centuries
  • Page Range:97-104
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Summary/Abstract:Comparatively easy for mining and processing, lead is one of the metals that had been widely used during Antiquity. It was present in two different forms – the metal was either extracted from the primary galena ore, or it appeared as a secondary product. Apart from its application as a manufacturing material for water installations and household vessels, lead was also used as an ingredient for medicines and cosmetics. The metal was used at such massive scale, that according to some contemporary authors, lead poisoning caused the decline and consequently the fall of the Roman Empire. This theory exists along with the contradictive statement that the ancient people were aware of the danger, and the first person to describe lead poisoning was Hippocrates in 4th century BC. The present study will explore the evidence in a few selected ancient texts. We will discuss the use of lead-containing products in Antiquity, based on the proof in the original sources, and then we will try to answer the primary question – was there a conscious awareness of the lead poisoning during Antiquity.As a secondary query yet relevant to the matters of lead usage and poisoning, this research will attempt to clarify the question of who the first to describe lead poisoning was, and when the term saturnism was first applied as a medical diagnosis.This study is based on both selected contemporary research and key sources from ancient authors, and it also offers quotations as fundamental evidence.
Η Μικρά Ασία και τα γεγονότα του 1922 στην ελληνική λογοτεχνία

Η Μικρά Ασία και τα γεγονότα του 1922 στην ελληνική λογοτεχνία
(Asia Minor and the Events of 1922 in Greek Literature)

  • Author(s):Dimitrios Roumpos
  • Language:English, Greek, Modern (1453-)
  • Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Greek Literature, Theory of Literature, Sociology of Literature
  • Page Range:105-113
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Summary/Abstract:A century has passed since the Asia Minor Disaster of 1922, an event that tragically marked the modern history of Greece. The purpose of the article is to give a brief but comprehensive historical review, necessary for the understanding of social and political developments, as well as to shed light on this important aspect of the specific historical period by providing answers to the following questions: how life in Asia Minor is reflected; representation of the Catastrophe of 1922 and the refugees in Greek literature?The contribution of the Generation of the ‘30s to the whole project is important because most of its representatives were from Asia Minor and they had experienced the events mentioned above. This is an important multitude of authors in both poetry and prose who do not belong to any school because each of them maintains their own peculiarity and they made their appearance in modern Greek letters around 1930, with some earlier and others – later. They created a different literary generation of their own whose contribution was decisive mainly in the renewal of modern Greek prose and in supporting the vernacular in the modern Greek language.The mention of the refugee issue in the national historical narrative and the recounting of the events of the Asia Minor Catastrophe are processes in which Greek literature, through the Generation of the ‘30s, played an important role. It contribut￾ed substantially to the ultimate acceptance of the special and different identity of the refugees by the Greek society and to their gradual integration into the national body.
Езикови интерпретации на страха (на базата на български, гръцки и руски фразеологизми)

Езикови интерпретации на страха (на базата на български, гръцки и руски фразеологизми)
(Linguistic Interpretations of Fear (Based on Bulgarian, Greek and Russian Phraseology))

  • Author(s):Emilia Avginova-Nikolova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Studies of Literature, Bulgarian Literature, Greek Literature, Russian Literature, Phraseology
  • Page Range:114-121
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Summary/Abstract:Fear is one of the ten scientifically accepted emotions that a person experiences at different times – love, fear, sadness, embarrassment, curiosity, pride, delight, despair, guilt and anger. Almost all negative emotions are rooted in fear. Fear comes in many forms, it can change and hide, but it is always reflected in our thoughts and actions. Fear can set certain limits or confuse the ideas and notions about our worldview. But where does it fit in? How does it manifest itself in a language? Which idioms denote and describe fear? These are the questions we will try to answer in the present study through analyzing parts of a corpus of Bulgarian, Greek and Russian phraseology.
За обогатяването на съвременната новогръцка лексика със заемки (по материали от гръцкия вестник „Вима“ и Речника на новите думи в българския език от 2010 г.)

За обогатяването на съвременната новогръцка лексика със заемки (по материали от гръцкия вестник „Вима“ и Речника на новите думи в българския език от 2010 г.)
(On the Enrichment of the Modern Greek Lexical Vocabulary with Loanwords (Based on Materials from the Greek Newspaper “Vima” and the Dictionary of New Words in the Bulgarian Language from 2010))

  • Author(s):Rumen Rikevski
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Studies of Literature, Communication studies, Greek Literature, Theory of Communication, Sociology of Literature
  • Page Range:122-129
  • No. of Pages:8
  • Summary/Abstract:The Modern Greek language was a part of the intensive processes of vocabulary borrowing at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. Therefore, its renewal was significantly influenced by the tendency towards the internationalization of the language. According to the degree of their adaptability, loanwords can be unadapted, partially adapted, and adapted whereby, at the beginning of the assimilation of a loanword, the latter can function simultaneously in an adapted and unadapted form. In some cases, Modern Greek nominates a domestic word that takes over the functionality of the foreign one, and in the case of complex words, calques or semi-calques are created whereby the foreign language prototype is reproduced by domestic means.
Културно-географски аспекти на съвременен модел на културна политика в Република Кипър

Културно-географски аспекти на съвременен модел на културна политика в Република Кипър
(Cultural-Geographical Aspects of a Modern Model of Cultural Policy in the Republic of Cyprus)

  • Author(s):Polya Yordanova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):History, Economy, Cultural history, Geography, Regional studies, National Economy, Regional Geography, Historical Geography, Economic history, Political history, Tourism, Socio-Economic Research
  • Page Range:130-138
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Summary/Abstract:Material culture, more often called the cultural production of society, emerges from and is also shaped by the non-material aspects of culture. It is everything we value, know and believe in, but also what we do together in our daily lives as it affects the things we do. By tracing the development of the Cypriot historical and cultural tradition, we can claim that it is abundant and dates back to the seventh millennium BC. In its activities, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Youth and Sports of Cyprus actively collaborates with the implementation of the cultural policy, working at national level with all state and municipal bodies, as well as with private ones. Active cooperation with several foreign cultural institutes is also noted, with the most dynamic activities carried out by the Commission for Culture of the EU, the UNESCO Commission in Cyprus, the British Council, the French Cultural Institute, the Goethe Institute, the Cervantes Institute, the Institute of Innovations and Traditions at Cana￾dian State University and many others. etc.
Върху етимологията на някои трудни думи в БЕР: „лош“, „глутница“, „сулица“

Върху етимологията на някои трудни думи в БЕР: „лош“, „глутница“, „сулица“
(On the Etymology of Some Difficult Words in the Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary: „Лош“ (“Bad”), „Глутница“ (“А Pack of Wolves”) and „Сулица“ (“А Spear”))

  • Author(s):Mariana Minkova, Ivan T. Ivanov
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies, Applied Linguistics, Studies of Literature, Language acquisition, Bulgarian Literature, South Slavic Languages
  • Page Range:139-150
  • No. of Pages:12
  • Summary/Abstract:The article offers a modern etymological interpretation of several “difficult” words included in the Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary (BED). It claims that the modern Bulgarian words глутница (glutnitsa) and gluta (gluta) “pack of wolves” are formed from the Turkic (Oghuz) root *kurt – “wolf” but are probably late Pecheneg loanwords. Despite the presence of many personal names with this (or similar) root, the problem of the absence of original Bulgarian lexemes, formed with the Turkic root kurt meaning “wolf” remains unresolved. This article presents an attempt to solve the problem in question by deriving the indicated Bulgarian and Proto-Bulgarian personal names from the word *kurd – “a blacksmith”, an ancient term from Caucasian mythology. After iron metallurgy became a more efficient way to obtain iron, the original meaning of *kurd – “sky, celestial, meteorite stone from the sky” changed to “blacksmith, iron, sword” and spread widely under different phonetic forms. On the other hand, the phonetically similar Oghuz root kurt – “wolf” appears to be a late medieval euphemism for the word denoting the animal in question , formed in Oghuz languages on the basis of an Indo-European root borrowed from the Slavic word *hort – “fast, fast dog, wolf”.There is no satisfactory etymology in BED for the Old Bulgarian words лош (losh) “evil, bad, cursed” and сулица (sulitsa) “spear”. In the article, these words are assumed loanwords from the East Iranian language of Proto-Bulgarians. The Proto-Bulgarian word лош (losh) is regarded as phonetic variant of *duš, an ancient Indo-Iranian (Avestan-Sanskrit) word with the same meaning, obtained on the basis of the well renowned phonetic transition *D > L. This phonetic transition is known to have taken place in the southern (Saka) branch of the East-Iranian languages during the 3rd century BC. The linguistic phenomenon *duš > loš in the language of Proto-Bulgarians supports the kinship of this language with the southern (Saka) branch of the East-Iranian languages. Relatedly, the word сулица (sulitsa) “spear” is regarded as a close phonetic variant of σάρισα (sarisa) – the name of the long spear in the Macedonian phalanx of Alexander the Great during his conquest of Persia and Bactria. It is assumed that the word σάρισα (sarisa) was adopted by the Proto-Bulgarians in Central Asia and transferred to the Old Bulgarian language. From there, it spread to the written languages of the medieval Slavic states.
Между Европа и Индия: репрезентации на екзотичното в киното (балкански прочити около Химаншу Рай и Франц Остен)

Между Европа и Индия: репрезентации на екзотичното в киното (балкански прочити около Химаншу Рай и Франц Остен)
(Between Europe and India: Representations of the Exotic in the Cinema (Balkan Readings Around Himanshu Rai and Franz Osten))

  • Author(s):Andronika Martonova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Fine Arts / Performing Arts, Film / Cinema / Cinematography, Philology, Theory of Literature, Sociology of Art, History of Art, Sociology of Literature
  • Page Range:151-166
  • No. of Pages:16
  • Summary/Abstract:The article is a study of various publications from the specialized cinema press and archival documents regarding the presence of Indian cinema in Bulgaria. The period studied is primarily between the two world wars, with a focus on problems of film distribution and promotion problems, as well as the stereotypical emphasis on the exotic. The text centers on the work of Himanshu Rai as a producer and director who collaborated closely with the German director Franz Osten. The films explored in order to outline the Balkan context of European distribution are sourced from Bulgarian and Croatian sources (held in the Jugoslovenska kinoteka – The State Audiovisual Film Archive of Serbia). The list of selected films includes “The Light of Asia” (1925), “Shiraz” (1928), “A Throw of Dice” (1929).
За летящите създания фейтиен в китайската култура

За летящите създания фейтиен в китайската култура
(About Flying Feitian Apsaras in Chinese Culture)

  • Author(s):Iskra Mandova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Foreign languages learning, Semiotics / Semiology, Theoretical Linguistics, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature, Sociology of Literature
  • Page Range:167-172
  • No. of Pages:6
  • Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the fascinating and mysterious figures of the feitian (flying celestial beings) in Buddhist and Daoist art, particularly in China. These beings, originating from Hindu and Buddhist traditions, have evolved as a result of cultural exchanges between various civilizations. In Buddhist art, feitian are often depicted flying elegantly in the heavens, wearing exquisite garments, while in Chinese culture, they symbolize beauty and harmony, offering people a sense of warmth. The earliest feitian representations, particularly in the regions of Kucha, Kizil, and Kumtura, retained characteristics of the Indian and Central Asian celestial beings, with their faces depicted in full detail. Over time, however, their appearance softened, and they became earthlier and more approachable, resembling fairies or ethereal dancers. In later periods, feitian were shown with greater elegance, holding musical instruments and surrounded by colorful clouds. These depictions became emblematic of Chinese art and culture, symbolizing beauty, grace, and spirituality. Today, the feitian image has extended beyond art into modern Chinese culture with representations found on popular products such as the Moutai liquor and famous cigarette brands, as well as in the design of the spacesuits worn by the Chinese astronauts during the Shenzhou VII mission.
Новият темперамент на „модерните момичета“ в Китай в началото на XX век

Новият темперамент на „модерните момичета“ в Китай в началото на XX век
(The New Temperament of “Modern Girls” in China at the Beginning of the 20th Century)

  • Author(s):Diana Maglova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Anthropology, Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Gender Studies, Foreign languages learning, Sociology, Culture and social structure , Translation Studies, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:173-186
  • No. of Pages:14
  • Summary/Abstract:The low social status of women is one of the most striking manifestations of the underlying hierarchy of Chinese society and worldview. In the traditional understanding of a woman’s place, family life is in the centre of her activity, whether as a wife, someone’s daughter, or sister. Established Confucian norms of family behavior have not been changed nor questioned for over two thousand years. However, the old model of family organization and kinship relationships, as well as the ritual mannerism accompanying the cults of honor and worship of the ancestors no longer suit the modern phenomena and needs, nor the idea of the new image of the Chinese woman. Аlong with reforms in administrative structures, in literature, and in writing, an important direction in the reformers’ activity is the change in the legal, family and social status of Chinese women, which is also the topic of the present essay study.
Лайбницовият прочит на древнокитайския символизъм

Лайбницовият прочит на древнокитайския символизъм
(Leibniz’s Perception of Ancient Chinese Symbolism)

  • Author(s):Desislava Damyanova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Christian Theology and Religion, Language and Literature Studies, Foreign languages learning, Theology and Religion, Comparative Studies of Religion, Pastoral Theology, Translation Studies, Theory of Literature
  • Page Range:187-199
  • No. of Pages:13
  • Summary/Abstract:For about half a century, Leibniz showed a strong and lasting interest in China, which is evident in many of his letters, treatises and essays. The imaginary horizon of the ‚Celestial Empire‘ left its mark on the European 17th century. This world, so different and distant, impressed the Enlightenment with the passion of the new and exotic destinations of the mind and, at the same time, complemented the philosophy in Europe with its refined ethical system. Leibniz wondered whether the Chinese may have preserved the remains of a lost ancient logico-mathematical knowledge, which is part of his idea of ars characteristica universalis.
Общ стандарт по японски език. Приложение в обучението по японски език в България

Общ стандарт по японски език. Приложение в обучението по японски език в България
(JF Standart for Japanese Language Education. Applications in Japanese Language Education in Bulgaria)

  • Author(s):Magdalena Vasileva
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Education, Foreign languages learning, Political Sciences, Sociology, Methodology and research technology, Higher Education , Methodology and research technology, Theory of Literature, Sociology of Education
  • Page Range:200-208
  • No. of Pages:9
  • Summary/Abstract:The Standard for Japanese Language Education (2010) offers a universal system for the design, planning, teaching and assessment of practical Japanese language skills. It promotes awareness and tolerance towards the foreign culture through the practical application of the language. The present paper introduces the major points of the Standard for Japanese Language Education and the opportunities it offers for successful planning of courses and classes in practical Japanese, as well. Last but not least, we propose a model of a practical Japanese language class structured according to the requirements of the Standard. We point out the positives and possible difficulties in trying to transform a resource based on grammar translation method into a more interactive mode, in line with the Standard.
International Students and Japanese Culture: an Assessment of Pretest Results

International Students and Japanese Culture: an Assessment of Pretest Results
(International Students and Japanese Culture: an Assessment of Pretest Results)

  • Author(s):Tran Hoang Nam
  • Language:English
  • Subject(s):Social Sciences, Education, Adult Education, Higher Education , State/Government and Education, Pedagogy
  • Page Range:209-215
  • No. of Pages:7
  • Summary/Abstract:When joining a short course such as summer school or university preparatory course in Japan, foreign students are usually introduced to the history, culture, society, and lifestyle of Japan. We designed a short test, covering various aspects of Japanese culture and applied it during several introductory lessons. Based on the test results, the participants tended to show a higher understanding of visible items such as food, weather, and modern lifestyle, while having poorer understanding of themore abstract items such as religions, values, and business culture. In short, applyingsuch a test let the participants reveal their interests in Japanese culture while in the meantime allowed the teacher to assess the level of input knowledge and the needs of the students, and also to evaluate the progress of learning after the lesson. The results of applying such a test identify the need for developing and standardizing a pool of questions so that it could measure effectively various dimensions of Japanese culture for the purpose of the lesson.
Някои аспекти от живота на японците през периода Едо в новелите на Ихара Сайкаку

Някои аспекти от живота на японците през периода Едо в новелите на Ихара Сайкаку
(Some Aspects of Japanese Life During the Edo Period in the Novels of Ihara Saikaku)

  • Author(s):Katya Marinova
  • Language:English, Bulgarian
  • Subject(s):History, Anthropology, Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Cultural history, Foreign languages learning, Customs / Folklore, Sociology, Ethnohistory, Modern Age, Crowd Psychology: Mass phenomena and political interactions, 17th Century, Theory of Literature, Sociology of Literature
  • Page Range:216-235
  • No. of Pages:20
  • Summary/Abstract:Ihara Saikaku (1642 – 1693) was a Japanese classic writer who composed haikai poems and was also the creator of the literary genre of ukiyo zoshi (stories from the floating world), mostly centered around depiction of cities. Considering the fact that the urban population during the Edo/Tokugawa period (1603 – 1867) set the trends in the cultural and social life of the Japanese people, it is not difficult to imagine that many elements related to the customs, traditions, economic and social phenomena of the period can be found in novels and other literary forms of that time.
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