Геният от Харков и зараждането на българската анатомия (75 години от смъртта на академик Вл. П. Воробьов)
The Kharkov Genius and the Birth of Bulgarian Anatomy. (75 years after Academic Vladimir P. Vorobyov’s death)

Summary/Abstract: In this article the author examines the Ukrainian anatomist Acad. Vladimir P. Vorobyov’s relations with Bulgaria since his secondary school education in the turbulent years of the Civil War in Russia (1920–1921), when the famous anatomist in Europe found refuge in Sofia. There, he laid the foundations of scientific anatomy in the newly created Faculty of Medicine – Sofia University St. Kl. Ohridski. The author shows some important facts from the biography of the great scientist and professor in connection with his achievements in the field of research methods: macro-microscope, stereomorphology, degreasing bone tissue, study innervations of internal organs and systems through the electrodes implantation in vivo. Academic Vorobyov furthered the research on topography of nerve trunks to heart; innervations of tendons in humans; the role of intramural nodules in the etiology of the round stomach ulcers; embryology, histology and anatomy of the teeth and oral cavity; Arteria femoralis bifida and Plica nervina atrii sinistri. He was one of the active supporters of Anatomical museum’s teaching, research and popular science. He founded the Museum of Human Evolution in Kharkov Institute Museum. While in Bulgaria, he created the first academic preparations of the Anatomical Museum, which exists today in the Department of Anatomy. Vorobyov read and wrote many papers and articles promoting science and, in particular, the morphology of living organisms. He was a stout supporter and one of the first champions of functional anatomy. His greatest achievement in the world of science of morphology, Acad. Vorobyov putting his name among the great antropomorphologist, were in preserving and embalming human tissues while retaining their living color in the natural environment temperature, atmospheric pressure, and light effects. Although pressed by circumstances, he managed briefly to conserve and embalm the body of Vladimir Ulyanov – Lenin in 1924, which to this day is maintained unchanged in its methods, a feat unattainable by other anatomists. Bulgaria is grateful to Acad. Vladimir Vorobyov’s efforts in the difficult post-war conditions, when in a year and a half (March 1920 – Sept. 1921) he managed to build the Department of Anatomy, prepare a successor in teaching Prof. Milko Balan /in his confessions/ and raise the bar of education. His impact is visible in the later work of Professor Ilya Shapshal and the emergence and development of the Bulgarian school of anatomy by professor Dimitar Kadanov.

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