APPROACHES, METHODS, AND TECHNIQUES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: A CONCEPTUAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ANALYSIS
APPROACHES, METHODS, AND TECHNIQUES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING: A CONCEPTUAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ANALYSIS

Summary/Abstract: This paper examines the conceptual and pedagogical distinctions among approaches, methods, and techniques in English Language Teaching (ELT), with particular attention to their development and application in contemporary educational contexts. Drawing on established theoretical perspectives in language pedagogy, the study explores the relationship between underlying assumptions about language and learning, systematic instructional procedures, and specific classroom practices. Particular consideration is given to the transition from teacher-centred traditional methods towards learner-centred and communicative approaches. The paper also discusses the pedagogical implications of distinguishing among concepts such as Communicative Language Teaching, Task-Based Language Teaching, Project-Based Learning and classroom techniques including role-play, information-gap activities, and collaborative learning. The analysis highlights the importance of terminological precision for both ELT research and effective classroom practice.

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