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THE EUROPEAN UNION TODAY: IS THERE A NEED FOR HEGEMONIC STABILITY? CASE STUDY: GERMANY

Author(s): Carmen Ardelean / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2013

Today, the European Union seems to achieve the dream of its forefathers, that of a united Europe, on the foundation of long-term democracy and economic cooperation. Even if it is based on the perfect equality between the Member States, with similar requirements at national level, the voices of certain major actors seem stronger than others’ and, therefore, a question remains regarding the power poles within the Union. In the last few years, Germany has stood out as an important opinion leader at all levels, but also gave way to complex interpretations. Will it be the next primus inter pares – the hegemonic power of the 21st century Europe, still suffering after the economic crisis?

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THE WIKILEAKS SECURITY DILEMMA: TO LEARN OR NOT TO LEARN STATE SECRETS

Author(s): Carmen Ardelean / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2012

The security dilemma today does not refer only to the threat of action from countries, but also the threat of unveiling information through biased media. Words can have equally negative effects as direct actions. The information disclosed by WikiLeaks in the last few years prove that certain protective measures must be developed, for a better control of websites.

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DAVID CAMERON’S ‘HUGE MISTAKE’. CLOSING OF THE UNITED KINGDOM LABOUR MARKET FOR EASTERN EUROPEAN IMMIGRANTS FROM POLISH AND BRITISH PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Bartłomiej H. Toszek / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2014

Eastern European immigrants coming to the UK since 2004 (in 2/3 from Poland) by their amount of work have concurred to serious growth of the GDP. But simultaneously they have been burden for British welfare system (among others by taking benefits for family members living outside the UK) and taking job even for minimum salary what have caused growth of native British unemployment. In this situation Conservative-Liberal Government leading by David Cameron have decided to limit an access to the UK labour market by language knowledge tests and tightening social benefits policy to job seekers. With informal support of main opposition parties (i.e. the Labour Party and the UKIP) D. Cameron have taken risky game showing he has been able to fight for his nation’s interests even in spite of huge protests of Polish and other Eastern European countries politicians and against the European Parliament resolution of 16 January 2014. But when turning out into a defender of Britons’ rights he also has showed that there have been deep divisions between “old” and “new” Europe still after 10 years of the EU’s biggest enlargement in 2004.

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Polityka Unii Europejskiej na rzecz poprawy sytuacji osób z niepełnosprawnościami w obszarze zatrudnienia

Author(s): Andrzej Juros,Arkadiusz Biały / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Article presents the strategy of the European Union to improve the situation of disabled people particularly in the area of employment. The first part discusses the basic statistics relating to the number of disabled persons in the European Union and in the Member States, as well as indicators on employment. In the next section cites key European regulations governing the issues of people with disabilities. A little more attention was paid to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, which has become a reference point for European legislation. The last part is a brief characteristics of activation policies of people with disabilities in selected European countries.

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Transitions Online_Around the Bloc-New Budapest Protests over CEU and Foreign NGO Laws

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English Issue: 05/23/2017

Estimates say up to 10,000 people marched through the Hungarian capital against growing authoritarianism.

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The Government’s Remembrance Policy

Author(s): Patryk Wawrzyński / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Remembrance is a powerful instrument of social mobilisation, identity construction and political competition. Its impact on individual and shared beliefs or attitudes makes it an object of government’s interest, because remembrance can be used to legitimise ideologies or policies. Theoretical considerations of a government’s role as a narrator lead us to the general definition of the government’s remembrance policy, which we understand as a complex of narratives and interpretations presented to influence citizens’ attitudes, behaviours, beliefs and identities. The paper develops the definition with five theoretical hypotheses on the effectiveness of remembrance narratives. It argues that the government’s remembrance policy is myth-motoric, non-scientific, emotional, based on commitment and that it is a type of social influence. The study is an initial verification of theoretical approach, and I believe that my arguments will motivate other researchers to investigate different aspects of a government’s desire to narrate past events.

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София в жизни профессора Марина Дринова

Author(s): Ljudmila Gorina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1-2/2015

The article traces the multifaceted activity of prof. M. Drinov as a public figure and scientist to legitimize Sofia as the capital of Bulgaria. The emphasis is on revealing the sound scientific justification of Drinov’s idea. “The Sofia line” in his writings is traced in all his works where he argues that it is Sofia that is the geographical, historical, spiritual, cultural and social center of Bulgaria.

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„Много такива хора са, трудно се разбираме с тях”. За границите в трансграничното сътрудничество

Author(s): Petar Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The difficulties in the joined actions of Bulgarian and Turkish partners on projects within the Trans-border Cooperation Program are the result of the influence of framework factors, rather than being due to cultural differences. Asymmetries, mainly economic in nature, influence the aptitudes and actions of both sides. In the prolonged situation of limited financial resources for the Bulgarian side, the projects turn to be of a key importance for it. Thus the Bulgarian partners try to perform their tasks strictly according to the requirements of EU. At the same time, for the Turkish partners the projects seem to be less attractive and thus failing to create motivation for adhering to the formal rules as well as for the timely fulfillment of the engagements which they have undertaken. In order to cope with the problems in their current and future projects, the Bulgarian actors, using experience and knowledge from previous projects, apply action oriented strategies including creation of generalized images of the Turkish partners together with narratives about meetings and conflicts with them.

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Основни характеристики на научната и иновационната политика в програмата на Доналд Тръмп

Author(s): Mariyana Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

This paper is considered four areas of the concern presented in the program of the President of America, Mr. Donald Trump. These areas are in: innovation and R & D, taxes and R & D, development of broadbandand telecommunications, Internet and digital policy.

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Mobilność społeczna jako konwersja kapitałów

Author(s): Ireneusz Sadowski,Alicja Zawistowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

In this article we aim to synthesize existing knowledge on social structure and its contemporary changes in the context of the notion of capitals (not only material, but social, human, educational as well). We also propose to look at mobility from the perspective of conversions of those capitals. Based on that, we try to show that inequalities and prospects of upward mobility is contingent on key institutional systems in contemporary societies, which tend to converge.

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Адміністративно-командні методи управління залізничним транспортом України в 30-х рр. ХХ ст.

Author(s): Yuriy Bondarchuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 23/2013

Any attempt to make a research on our society’s command economy in its various fields can help our management develop analytical approach and implement a liberal economy type.The important observations are:At the end of the 20s New Economic Policy (NEP,) that was characterized by its liberal management of economic processes and some elements of marketing economy, was replaced by command economy with its directive and voluntaristic approach and noneconomic methods of national economy management.Later in the 30s for a long period the economy of the Soviet Union went back to the policy of “military communism” which was based on the regression of commodity-money relations, dry administration and compulsion. “Great Leap” in heavy industry during the years of industrialization caused serious disruption, disorganization and considerable complications in the economic development, including railway transport and other areas of national economy.

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Management for the Society of the Future: New Trends in the Training for Civil Servants in Ukraine

Author(s): Raisa Naumenko / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2017

“The Society of the Future” as a futuristic project is a powerful source of modern management. The necessity of the new management for the society of the future is a paramount task for any country. In this article, we focus our attention on Ukraine. After the Revolution of Dignity, our country shows good dynamics of changes in the public sphere. However, these changes are hampered by old and ineffective management practices at the middle-level and lower-level of managers. Why is this happening? What strategies should be employed to remedy the situation? What are the new trends in training of civil servants in Ukraine? Research demonstrates that for various reasons a significant part of civil servants does not engage in the systematic development of their professional resource that is based on creativity. At the same time, a high level of tension existing in professional activity, specific difficulties in the public service system cause problems in the personal and professional development of civil servants, thus complicating the process of revealing this potential and, accordingly, obtaining the highest level of competence through the implementation of professional activities. This requires the establishment of an independent system evaluation of the managerial staff, based on personal merit and competence, in particular the development of competency profiles for senior managers in the Public Service system, as well as tools for evaluating candidates for management positions; the establishment of a network of independent evaluation centers for candidates for management positions.

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The Left and the Church in Greece: The ambiguity of political and religious domain relationships

Author(s): Niki Papageorgiou / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2017

The occupation of government power by a leftist party in Greece (in January 2015) has formed a new political landscape and given rise to new political expectations after a long period of administration by the so-called system parties. The left-wing party, SYRIZA, was voted by Greek citizens as a new political force that could bring new policies, as it had the ambition to solve the country’s economic problems, bring social justice and tackle the severe humanitarian crisis caused by the recent long economic crisis. Regarding the religious field, the fixed aim of leftist parties was the separation between the State and the Church, which would lead to the full independence of the State from any religious or ecclesiastical influence, as well as the seizure of church assets by the State, the obligation for the clergy’s payroll to be covered by the Church, and similar demands regarding many other issues that shape the relationship between the State and the Church in Greece. This paper investigates especially the relationship between SYRIZA and the Church of Greece during the one-year period of the left-wing government, through the official discourse and political practices of the governing leftist party. For this purpose, the left-wing government’s political practices and stance towards the “religious issue,” as they are expressed by the party’s official press medium, the Avgi newspaper, are analyzed.

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Governing Catholic religious education in Italian state schools: Between the revision of the Concordat and social movements, 1974-1984

Author(s): Guillaume Silhol / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2017

This article focuses on the redefinition of Catholic religious education in Italian state schools, from compulsory religious instruction into a non-compulsory discipline of “religious culture”, by analyzing how the issue is framed and negotiated by political, religious and educational actors between 1974 and 1984. The negotiations between governmental and Church representatives in the revision of the Concordat led to attempts at a compromise on religious education, its regime and its guarantees for students’ choices. However, social movements and school reforms forced various actors and institutions to reframe it in non-confessional, pedagogical and professional terms in public arenas. “Religious culture”, as a category promoted by teachers and intellectuals, became both a social problem and the main justification for the ownership of the Catholic Church over the problem.

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Chiesa cattolica e diffusione della “prassi pattizia” a livello locale in Italia. Una rinnovata stagione di relazioni

Author(s): Isabella Bolgiani / Language(s): Italian Issue: 20/2017

The development in Italy of the “bilateral practice” on a local level, particularly in the last twenty years, opens the way for a “new season” in the relations between civil and religious authorities in our country. It introduces a system of relations which is made not only on the traditional level of “summit relations” between the State and the Catholic Church, but also it is based on the possible conclusions of peripheral agreements, in reply to religious demands, found on a local level.

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Konstytucyjna zasada oddzielenia państwa od kościoła w działalności Wydziału do Spraw Wyznań Urzędu Wojewódzkiego w Krośnie wobec Kościoła Katolickiego

Author(s): Konrad Dyda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2017

The subject matter of this article is the analysis of the action of the Department for Religious Affairs in Krosno against the Catholic Church in the light of the constitutional principle about Church and State separation. The Constitution of the Polish People’s Republic of 22 July 1952 set forth the separation of Church and State (Art. 70, para. 2) and stipulated that the Church can freely carry out its religious functions (Art. 70, para. 1). This provision applied also to other religious associations. Under the constitutional law at that time, this freedom was understood as the freedom to proclaim doctrine, organize religious assemblies, provide ministry and teaching, establish religious orders, and maintain contacts with the believers abroad. The law was used to discriminate against the Church, which became a kind of standard. For example, legal measures, especially penal and administrative sanctions, were employed to block and restrict the construction of buildings used for religious purposes. The constitutional principle concerning Church and State separation was understood by the Department of Religious Affairs in Krosno as a total secularization of social life. For example, it was used to justify taking actions against the development of buildings used for religious purposes or against any pastoral activities undertaken by the Catholic clergy, especially concerning the youth ministry.

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Geneza i treść wytycznych w sprawie realizacji art. 17 TFUE przez Komisję Europejską

Author(s): Piotr Stanisz,Daria Bębeniec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2017

The study deals with the Guidelines on the Implementation of Article 17(3) TFEU by the European Commission, published in July 2013, for setting the framework for open, transparent and regular dialogue with churches, religious associations or communities, and philosophical and non-confessional organisations. The Polish translation of the document constitutes the main part of the text. It is preceded by an overview of the decision of the European Ombudsman of 25 January 2013 in his inquiry into complaint 2097/2011/RA against the European Commission. The Ombudsman, while negatively assessing the Commission’s rejection of the proposal of the European Humanist Federation for a dialogue seminar on the topic Competing Rights Issues in Europe, suggested clarifying the Commission’s “practices and rules in this area”, and drawing up “guidelines in terms of how exactly it plans to implement Article 17 TFEU”.

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Prześladowanie religijne irackich jezydów przez Państwo Islamskie. Przyczyny, przebieg, odpowiedzialność wspólnoty międzynarodowej za ukaranie sprawców

Author(s): Rafał Wawrzyńczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2018

The aim of this paper is to discuss the persecution of the Iraqi Yezidis by the so-called Islamic State of Iraq and Syria that took place over the last years, to present its political and religious background, and to analyse its legal consequences, which includes the possibility of punishing the perpetrators under international law. The article consists of three main parts: The first one gives a short account of the history and theology of Yezidism; the second part presents the origin and course of the religious persecution of the Yezidis; and the third part suggests some legal actions that could be undertaken by the international community with a view to punishing the perpetrators. The final section of this paper proposes the establishment of an international criminal court as an alternative solution to solve the problem of how perpetrators should be punished in such cases.

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THE IMPACT OF THE ROMANIAN EU COUNCIL PRESIDENCY ON THE DEGREE OF INCLUSIVENESS OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ACTORS IN THE NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR COORDINATION OF EUROPEAN AFFAIRS

Author(s): Alexandra-Cristina LOY / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The efficient and professional exercise of the first Romanian EU Council Presidency is possible upon a thorough preparation that adds pressure on the national system for coordination of European affairs to adapt its administrative and coordination capacity not only with regard to logistical aspects of the Presidency’s activities, but also to the elaboration of the political programme implemented during the six month mandate. Hence, concerted action involving both the central public administration and non-governmental actors is necessary to maximize all the expertise available on EU issues in order to build a strong European outlook for the Presidency role. The paper assesses the Council Presidency’s potential to affect the development of the coordination system in the long run related to its nature in terms of the degree of inclusiveness of non-governmental actors in the process of defining the national position on European affairs. In this sense, an analysis of the framework for cooperation between the government and the civil society representatives in general and in the context of the preparations for the Presidency was conducted through the theoretical lens of the critical junctures concept in order to establish whether the transformations triggered by this event might have reorganized the pre-existent institutional arrangements of the system. The analysis has revealed that although the involvement of civil society actors in European affairs has increased in the last 2 years, a close cooperation with the Government is unlikely to continue in the future past the Presidency, meaning that the latter fails to be a critical juncture in the development of the coordination system.

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Рецензия на книгата „Управление на бедността“ на Вероника Димитрова

Author(s): Zhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

Review of the book 'Governmentality of poverty. Hygiene and medicine in interwar years'. Sofia: Iztok-Zapad of Veronika Dimitrova (2018)

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