Les chroniques zoliennes – hybrides textuelles

Author(s): Anna Kaczmarek-Wiśniewska / Language(s): French Issue: 6/2016

The journalistic part of Emile Zola’s work is often neglected by critics who usually focus on the writer’s novels and other texts of fiction. Nonetheless, these writings worth readers’ and critics’ attention because of their originality based on their hybrid character. This hybridism concerns their narrative forms, including ‘classical’ press chronicles, causeries (a kind of chat with the potential reader) and confidences of real or fictive persons. The identity of their author is also hybrid, combining some traits of a romantic, a positivist and a materialist. The outcome of such a mix of various attitudes towards the reality is a set of uncomparable texts of both anthropological and documentary value.

Hybridités de l’écriture et subversions du sujet : enjeux du simulacre autour de Pierre Klossowski

Author(s): Thibaut Vaillancourt / Language(s): French Issue: 6/2016

What can be said of Pierre Klossowski’s works’ hybridism, he who, philosopher, writer, translator and painter, unabashedly claimed to be a « monomaniac » ? This gap brings about a tension between what we call « hybridism » in his writings (to talk about this sole medium) and a coherence in his « obsessions ». Furthermore, hybridism can be inferred from the variety from which his works take their source and the qualities which the remains of the notion of « subject » inherit. Klossowski’s work, itself a non-cartesian anthropology, calls upon theologians, latin classics, as much as so-called « transgressive » philosophers. Hence hybridism, once coupled with the simulacrum, becomes a guiding thread, kindling the word’s etymology (hybris and ibrida), in an « excessive » and « bastardised » style that does away with any form of identity, be that of the writer itself.

Le crime et le châtiment d’un Raskolnikov raté en Afghanistan

Author(s): Gabriella Körömi / Language(s): French Issue: 6/2016

The second novel written directly in French by Atiq Rahimi, A Curse On Dostoevsky, calls on the masterpiece Crime and Punishment by Dostoevsky. This novel shows various aspects of the hybridization of the author. The Russian novel is manifest in the French novel in two ways: implicitly by the moral reflections on the divine justice and the human justice, and explicitly by many elements of the text (title, epigraph, paratexts, quotations, paraphrases etc.). Being a lot more than a simple pastiche, the French novel is indeed the rewriting of the famous crime committed by Raskolnikov. It is its intertextuality which makes the novel of Rahimi a kind of dialogue with the novel of Dostoevsky on the mode of the rewriting of the reflections and the reformulation of the questions developed in the work of the latter. What are the similarities and the fundamental differences between the character of Rassoul, main character of Rahimi, and that of Raskolnikov, protagonist of Dostoevsky? How has Rassoul become a failed pasticheur? What punishment are they to be subjected to in a country engulfed in an endless fratricidal war? These are the questions to which the present study will seek to find the answers.

La poésie silencieuse d’Henri Michaux à René Magritte ou quand le poème se substitue en tableau

Author(s): Injazette Bouraoui Mabrouk / Language(s): French Issue: 5/2015

Henri Michaux, Paul Klee and René Magritte enroll in a interdisciplinary perspective where painting looks as poem and vice versa. Correspondence between writing and painting defies taxonomy of the pictorial and scriptural in order to establish a new trans-esthetic approach. Painting interpretations show that poetry writing and pictorial articulate two tactics for the same strategy: auscultate the problem of being.

Marginalité et errance dans l’œuvre de Laurent Gaudé : le vagabond comme figure de la rupture

Author(s): Donia Boubaker / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2014

Partly a tramp and partly an outcast, the hobo as a character in Laurent Gaudé's imagination and fiction is a multi-faceted figure, a metaphor for modern world crisis. Resorting to a sort of primitive morality, he elects to break away from a universe of exclusion, alienating individuals to the point of stripping them off of their humanity and he ultimately becomes a hobo. His wanderings become a form of resistance to repressive normality and the Gaudean tramp evolves into a social rebel figure.

« Qu’est-ce que la Religion universelle ? » : étude sur une question posée par Baudelaire

Author(s): Tomasz Szymański / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2013

In "My heart laid bare" Baudelaire writes about the "Universal Religion" devised for "the alchemists of thought," "a religion that comes from man, considered as a divine memento." The idea, as we read in the text, was inspired by the writings of Chateaubriand, De Maistre and those of the "Alexandrians". And indeed, two first authors wrote explicitly about a „universal tradition” that finds its fulfillment in the Catholic religion. It does not matter if we recognize the "Alexandrians" as representatives of the Neoplatonic school, the Alexandrian Fathers of Church, or disciples of Hermetism, the very term implies a tradition of both syncretic and mystic character that resembles gnosis. Baudelaire’s "Universal Religion," despite his Catholic convictions, cannot be associated with Catholicism. Based on a universal transmission of myths and symbols, it rather refers to eternal truths about man as well as to the divine source of all beings – also in the modern world, which holds God’s existence in doubt.

Le Jugement dernier de Léon Delmont : déplacements du sacré dans La Modification de Michel Butor

Author(s): Sophie Guermès / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2013

The compartment, in A Change of Heart, is a secular space. However, the Sacred will gradually invade it through hallucinations of the narrator. Thus, an unexpected and fantastical struggle led by pope, priests, cardinals, prophets and sibyls against Leon Delmont will change his initial decision, motivating and justifying the novel’s title.

« Ecrire l’absence » selon Assia Djebar : Le Blanc de l’Algérie

Author(s): Maria Gubińska / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2012

The well-known French-language writer, Assia Djebar, teaches the reader to listen intently to cultural differences, inspires tolerance towards other people and touches upon the problem of the emancipation of women in the Arab-Muslim civilization. In her work entitled Le Blanc de l’Algérie Djebar recalls deceased Algerian intellectuals, such as Albert Camus, Frantz Fanon or Kateb Yacine, as well as cruelly murdered writers and less known persons who proved to be important for the author herself (namely her friends) and for the history of Algeria. The author bemoans those absent figures, remembering their last minutes of life, their families’ despair, and the atrocity of death.The article is an attempt at reflection on the problem of absence that is in dichotomy with presence. The absence of great Algerians is unbearable; it is not silence but a cry for the memory of the tragic moments in the history of the country. Those moments, when remembered, shall help better understand the painful contemporary times. Djebar in a subtle way removes a white shroud (white is the colour of mourning in the tradition of North-African countries), thus showing the reader the moving and colourful Algerian fresco.

Upotreba grafičkih organizatora pri karakterizaciji likova u Ćopićevoj priči Čudesna sprava

Author(s): Lejla Ovčina / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6-7/2018

A theme of childhood interwoven with humorous details in the short story The amazing device is close to students in lower grades, and as such, it is suitable for teaching as well as a creation of a methodological approach to studying in the fourth grade. The paper defines research tasks on the basis of which a student is expected to reach a solution independently. Through the offered model, we can notice the relationship between the characters, as well as their actions and behaviour. A particular emphasis is placed on the characterization, through the use of graphic organizers as reading strategies and reading comprehension. The proposed approach is related to The character analysis in five steps and is focused on a student's independent work. Tasks and questions that help students to create graphic organizers independently have been specified.

Szok Wielkiej Wojny – o traumie indywidualnej, traumie kulturowej oraz portretach gueules cassées we współczesnej literaturze brytyjskiej i francuskiej

Author(s): Anna Branach-Kallas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2018

Branach-Kallas situates the concept of trauma in the context of World War I. She discusses cultural trauma theory, illustrating its basic characteristics with examples from the cultural history of the Great War. The article also analyses the representation of individual and cultural trauma in selected British and French novels by Louisa Young, Pat Barker, Marc Dugain and Pierre Lemaitre. The central figure of the facially disfigured soldier becomes an epitome of individual and cultural trauma, inspiring a critique of the nation-state and an exploration of (post)modern identities.

“Dar-link, do you vant a kavitchka?” The Interplay of Language and Identity in Charlotte Mendelson’s ‘Almost English’

Author(s): Fanni Feldmann / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

This paper analyses Charlotte Mendelson’s 2013 novel Almost English from the perspective of the relationship between and the interconnectedness of language and identity, and approaches issues of national, cultural and ethnic identities through language. The text is centred on questions such as how many generations it takes to blend into a culture as someone having outlandish origins. For how long is the offspring of immigrants considered as an nth-generation immigrant? When does a foreign past stop defining you and let you pass as a native? I argue that the novel—being the story of three Hungarian immigrant generations in England—depicts different variations of Englishness and Hungarianness. The key element of identity construction as depicted by the text is language, more precisely the ability to use or even recognise the Hungarian language, which is present in the text as a marked language. The main difference between the generations and their assimilation is based on the proximity of how close one has to listen to in order to find anomalies in their language use and therefore their identity. I point out how different identity strategies are underlined by the development of a multiethnic, multicultural, partly multilingual identity in the representative of the third generation. By the end of the novel the binary opposition of being either English or Hungarian is superseded by the text and a new, hybrid identity is being formed.

ПРЕВОДНАТА ЛИТЕРАТУРА ПРЕЗ ЗЛАТНИЯ ВЕК: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И РАЗВОЙ

Author(s): Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 14/2014

The author makes a survey of the publications in the medieval studies on translations from Greek in Old Church Slavonic to outline actual trends and developments. The conclusion is that most of examples of translated literature during the Golden Age do not follow word by word Byzantine models and patterns, but represents rethinking of the well-established and authoritative Byzantine tradition. The main features of the translations can be formulated as follows: (1) building an impressive corpus of translations of early Christian writers, most likely the result of a comprehensive cultural program of Tsar Simeon and supported by Bulgarian elite, which was systematically implemented; (2) extracting and transforming of texts from this corpus to create new works. New compositions and compilations were the most important phenomenon of the literature of the Golden Age and they received wide distribution down the ages.

ЗА СЪСТАВА НА РКП. F.n.I.46 ОТ РНБ В САНКТ ПЕТЕРБУРГ

Author(s): Todorka Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 13/2013

This study is proposing a new theory, which criticizes the former common belief that in the composition of the manuscript F.n.I.46 can be found fragments from two different collections. The study suggests a new viewpoint that the manuscript is a copy of a two-part code, which combines edifying and festal features. It is assumed that in the composition of the festal part (known as Tarzhestvenik from XII century) has participated Kliment Ochridski.

Od zabawy słowem do czytania poezji. Holistyczne podejście do nauki języka polskiego jako odziedziczonego/drugiego wśród dzieci w wieku 5–9 lat

Author(s): Małgorzata Małyska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2018

The article author presents her own project of teaching Polish as an inherited or second language to children aged 5 to 9. It is based on the constructivist theory of teaching, Ingarden’s theory of literary work cognition and Polish literary texts. The essential part of this project is education through various games that systematize the material presented during each lesson. The author highlights the importance of enactive text cognition, passing from an object recognized through various senses to its symbolic representation, from literality to metaphor. The literary text becomes yet another source of language experience for children.

Mallarmé et les paradoxes de la vanité

Author(s): Anna Opiela-Mrozik / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2018

This article analyses a polysemous term of vanity in Mallarmé’s idea and œuvre. This concept shows paradoxes of Mallarmé’s creation: a misunderstood poet accused of being vain who was torn between the dream of glory and the self-devaluation. It was in the autoreflexive art par excellence, where Mallarmé saw his satisfaction and found the sense of life. After the experience of spiritual crisis and the discovery of worthlessness of language, Mallarmé, finding in the Nothingness the resources of poetry, decided to extend the illusion of literature. “Digging into the line”, he built the poetics of vanity which is a synonym of futility or void where the sense of word is replaced by the language sonority. What is more, while fighting against the poetic impotence, Mallarmé, due to writing about Vanitas, immersed into death to create an “ideal tomb” for his late son.

« Mais qui ose en affronter les suites ? » : Emil Cioran et les rapports entre la vanité, le suicide et l’écriture

Author(s): Joseph Acquisto / Language(s): French Issue: 8/2018

According to Emil Cioran, every human being is “full of the conviction that all is vain.” But Cioran wonder immediately after indicating that universal recognition of vanity: “But who dares to face the consequences?” How does the writing voice in Cioran associate with and distinguish himself from this generalized humanity? And what should our reaction to the vanity of all things be? We could be tempted to say that destruction, and self-destruction above all, seems to be the most reasonable reaction. Although Cioran writes in a near-obsessional way about suicide, he does not ultimately recommend it as a solution to vanity precisely because vanity resists all solutions. The writer is thus in a contradictory position: what would be the use of declaring the vanity of all things if that declaration only participates in that same vanity? The act of publishing books is not, according to Cioran, more effective than suicide as far as the attenuation of vanity is concerned, but reading and writing as simultaneous creation and destruction allow us to forget vanity at least enough to continue living.

Serafina Topia - Bota e saj tjetër

Author(s): Meliza Krasniqi / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 35/2017

The concept of "the other" is quite complex and it is difficult to accurately identify its meaning. According to Michel Foucault, the concept of the other is closely related to power and knowledge. The other is the individual who is perceived as different from the group that does not belong. Every foreigner becomes the other. Moreover, the other takes many forms, such as: identity, race, gender, religion, social class, political ideology, origin, etc.Simone de Beauvoir introduces the notion of "the other" with her philosophical analysis in “The Second Sex” (1949) as a construction that opposes and thus builds "itself"; then the concept of "other", "alienation," and "being different" has spread to the field of thought and exploration in many sciences and also in literature science. Yet it is known that this concept was not entirely new, but it was influenced by Hegel's dialecticsIn literature “the other” is a common figure. This concept can be recognized in all Albanian literature in various forms because it is created on the basis of this concept.Researchers who deal with structuralism, post-structuralism, feminism, Marxism, and other methodologies that depend on "binary opposition" often examine works where the characters are created being called by any "other" rhetoric. To understand the concept of “the other” in SerafinaTopiaofJeronim de Rada, it was used this formal approach (binary opposition), which helps to understand how meaningsin the text are formed and created.

Павлова , Румяна, Веселка Желязкова. Станиславовият (Лесновският) пролог от 1330 г. В. Търново, 1999, 343 с.

Author(s): Dora Mircheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2000

Двете първи дами на словашката българистика (Мария Добрикова и Мария Кошкова)

Author(s): Diana K. Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

This paper focuses on two renowned Bulgarian scholars who have greatly contributed to the advancement of Bulgaristics in Slovakia – Mária Dobríková and Mária Košková. The juxtaposition between the academic pursuits and accomplishments of the two researchers stirs interest. M. Dobríková heads the Department of Slavic Studies at the Faculty of Philosophy of Comenius University in Bratislava, and, in direct contact with students of Bulgaristics, fosters the advancement of this branch of studies. M. Košková works at Jan Stanislav Institute of Slavistics with the Slovak Academy of Sciences, and the merit of her services in the field of lexicography (she authored the 3-volume Bulgarian-Slovak dictionary)is indisputable. Both M. Dobríková and M. Košková have devoted a significant part of their academic efforts to phraseology, and have given considerable impetus to comparative Slovakian-Bulgarian studies in that field.

Зависимият човек. Фактори на зависимостта. Национална научна конференция с международно участие

Author(s): Emiliya Alexieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 38/2019