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This article presents variants for organizing the study of the myth for Prometheus in eight grade, that are designed in attempt at diversify the forms of interaction between the pupils and the teacher. A comparison with two other works – the poem “Prometheus” of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1774) and the story “Punishment for Prometheus” of Czech author Karel Chapek (included in book “Apocrypha”, 1932) – could be made in the lessons. The article comments the necessity of creating such conditions for self-dependent work of pupils that can motivate them for appearance in front of the class. This also leads to a profound interpretation of the myth.
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The article presents an example of semantic integration of two cultural texts created in the period of Młoda Polska — a lyric composition entitled „Krzak dzikiej róży w Ciemnych Smreczynach” („A bush of wild rose in dark spruces”) by Jan Kasprowicz, and the painting „Promienny zachód słońca” („A radiant sunset”) by Wojciech Weiss. For this purpose, the semantic interpretation of the literary work and the painting has been used, and thus the most important elements of the material of both of the works and their meaning were pointed to. The proposed method of integration allowed creating a new artistic entirety and explaining the symbolic significance of both of the works.
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The paper analyses Yovkov’s “Last joy” through the interpretation of the feast and its functions. The reach of people with eternal spiritual values with beauty and love is only temporary and incomplete; the feast does not reach the goal to unify material and spiritual, individual and society. The crisis in celebration is caused by the crisis of community. It cannot raise its own leaders, as well as it cannot separate the sacred from the profane. The paper develops the idea that in Yovkov’s prose not only the individual should strive towards beauty and good, but the society also should change its attitudes to achieve harmony with man and the world.
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The article aims to analyze one of the basic elements of reading competence, namely reading with comprehension of students from the 11th grade based on an excerpt from the novel “Bel Ami” by Guy de Maupassant. We outline the theoretical concepts which determine the idea of communicative competence, functional literacy, reading literacy, active reader. We present a practical analysis of the first three tasks from a test focused on verifying the basic knowledge of literature. Following our observations we reach a conclusion on the specific capability of the literary text to be converted into a training “lab” for building competencies in Bulgarian language and literature education.
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The article discusses the semantics of a number of metasigns (mouse, cat, tomcat, lynx etc.) of the folklore of Eastern Slavs in the mythological context of traditional beliefs and texts. Examples of proverbs, folk fortune telling and fairy tales are given as illustrations.
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In the article, I analyse Aristotle's, Descartes’s and John Rawls's views on the the moral status of non-human beings, and show the negative influence of the views on shaping the human-animal relationship in European culture. The purpose of my reasoning is to demonstrate that in each of these positions there is a problem that boils down to the selection of subjective criteria in the qualitative distinction between the moral status of people and of other animals, and the use of the premises that will prove the previously established deduction. What is common for the position of these three philosophers is the conclusion, that is the conviction that there are insufficient grounds for equal treatment of humans and non-human beings in the sphere of moral life.
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In this paper, the author examines the main features of musical tradition in the Bulgarian part of the Rhodope Mountains, as Ivan Vazov presented them in his travelogue In the depths of Rhodope. The book contains valuable and very interesting information and descriptions on which comparisons and researches can be made. Furthermore, the paper intends to show the link between the daily life and culture of the inhabitants of Rhodope Mountains and the musical expressions and the repertoire of their songs. The main specific features of the Rhodope music and songs are described and parallels with Greek and Balkan folklore are marked. The paper offers literature, folklore, music and other routes in space and time in the Rhodope Mountains
More...Радослав Радев, „Технология на методите в обучението по литература“, Издателство СЛАВЕНА, Варна, 2015
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In the interactions of philosophy, literature and cinema, image of evil has come from the subjects that have been aesthetized in the eternal bones. One of the most important typologies of the popular culture, the evil characters / prototypes / anti-heroes are remarkable with their modern interpretations. From the Renaissance to the Dark Romanticism to the Symbolism to the Surrealism, The Devil and witch figures have been moved as human beings to the cinema’s places over time as the canvas of master painters like Bosch, Goya. Similarly Milton; within the terrestrial hells created by authors such as Dostoevsky, Kafka, and Sartre, the painful characters made possible the formation of fictional characters in the art of cinema. Metaphysical evil is abandoned under the influence of gothic literature and black literature, and bad characters are placed in the center of movies in the light of the philosophy. Historical and aesthetic journeys of ideas on the problem of evil of thinkers like Platonis, Augistinus, Hegel, Kant and Nietzsche will become one of the most popular topics of our time. XIX.th In the century and after, moral evil comes into being in the body of modern man. XX.th in century After the 19th century, sociopaths, serial killers, film adaptations were made, XXI. n the century, video games “villain” from television series became the most popular investments by studios. The history, sociological and psychological facts underlying the leading “bad” characters in this article are examined.
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The article presents Atanazy Raczyński’s research on Portuguese art against the modernization and Europeanisation processes in Portugal in the 19th century. A specific view of Portuguese artistic heritage and openly expressed critical opinions of the Polish scholar made him a controversial figure, which paradoxically contributed to the importance and resonance of his work. Discouraged by the conflict, Raczyński did not complete his final synthesis. Nevertheless his letters to the Art Society in Berlin, as well as a dictionary of the artists, initiated history of art (regarded as a scientific discipline) in Portugal.
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The aim of the article is to compare the two different modes of regarding and describing Braga observed in Adolf Pawiński’s and Oswald Crawfurd’s works on Portugal. The Polish description is based on visual perception, while in a work by the English author other senses (hearing, taste and smell) are equally important. Therefore it might be assumed that Pawiński represents a more traditional style of travelling, while Crawfurd behaves in a way typical for modern tourists.
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The article describes academic traditions in Portugal. They are treated as a social phenomenon, which cannot be compared with Polish academic culture. „Praxe académica”, that is a variety of rules and habits connected with Portuguese academic life belongs to the life of Portuguese society and is a recognizable element of the Portuguese culture.
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The present study falls within the scope of research dedicated to external history of literary translation and applies the framework designed by Gideon Toury (1995/2012), which has a historical, empirical, descriptive and explanatory character. It reconstructs preliminary norms in direct Polish-European Portuguese literary translation in the period between 1985 and 2010, by investigating (1) the nature of translation policy in Portugal concerning Polish literature, and (2) the reasons for choosing a direct translation of Polish literature into European Portuguese. Following the latest trends, special attention is given to the translators’ biography since translators are bridge-builders between cultures.
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This article examines the functionality of the dialects and the folklore forms in the Radichkov’s dramatic works. The accented еthnically marked speech of the characters in the plays is realized not as uniting substance, but as such of the disuniting, as language of the failed communication, the nonsense and the illogicality.
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Götz Aly’s book „Europa gegen die Juden 1880–1945” (Europe against the Jews 1880–1945) is a sequel to his earlier published treatise „Warum die Deutschen? Warum die Juden? Gleichheit, Neid und Rassenhass” („Why the Germans? Why the Jews? Equality, Envy, and Racial Hatred”). Both volumes explore the impact of envy on policies of ‘social’ justice and national homogeneity in the interwar period, thereby pointing out the negative aspects of social engineering. As its predecessor, „Europa gegen die Juden” has been, therefore, criticized by commentators of a more interventionist outlook. One of Aly’s most prominent – and sternest – critics is the historian Hans-Ulrich Wehler. This essay presents a critical assessment of Aly’s argument, the replies of his critics, and Wehler’s views on the market economy, interventionism and ‘social’ justice.
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The author presents translations of Wacław Rolicz-Lieder’s poems into German as an example of translating poetry in tandem. With the aid of archival materials, he proves that Rolicz-Lieder is a co-author of translations previously attributed solely to George.
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Po II wojnie światowej twórcy musieli przepracować żałobę, na nowo poukładać wartości, znaleźć klucz do epoki, która odbiera godność, sprowadzając człowieka nie tylko do pozycji zwierzęcia, ale – co gorsze – cyfry w statystykach, bezosobowego bytu w masie.
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