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ЗА КАКВО ГОВОРЯТ ДЕВИАЦИИТЕ В УПОТРЕБИТЕ НА ДУБИТАТИВА В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The main objective of this work is to analyze the nonstandard dubitative verb forms extracted from the internet communication. The first part of the paper presents the semantics, the morphological status and the standard dubitative verb paradigm in Bulgarian. The basic notions which are relevant for the nonstandard dubitative forms – variants, linguistic variables, gaps, and deviations are outlined in the second part. The third section analyses seven types of nonstandard dubitative forms. The last section presents two classifications based on two independent criteria: tense and deviation.

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КЛАСИФИКАЦИОНЕН МОДЕЛ НА ПРИЛАГАТЕЛНИТЕ ИМЕНА В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ УЪРДНЕТ

Author(s): Valentina Stefanova / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The article presents a classification model of adjectives in Bulnet and presents a model that can distinguish qualitative and relative adjectives by relations that are the basis of Wordnet and represent lexical-semantic database for adjectives with which to prepare and extract semantic signs of adjectives.

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СЛОВООБРАЗУВАНЕ НА НАРОДНОСТНИТЕ И ЖИТЕЛСКИТЕ ИМЕНА В ИВАН-АЛЕКСАНДРОВОТО ЧЕТИРИЕВАНГЕЛИЕ ОТ ХІV ВЕК

Author(s): Lachezar Perchekliyski,Milena Nakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article is focused on the word-formation of ethnonyms and names of inhabitants in the Four Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander from 14th century. From methodological aspect the analysis in the work is based on the theoretical postulates of the Czech linguist M. Dokulil (1962). They were applied for the first time in Bulgaria by Ivan Kochev when working with dialectal material in 1971. The conclusions of the word-formation analysis refers to the place and the volume of each of word-formation types and to the competition between the suffixes.

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ИЗ ЗОГРАФСКИТЕ ФРАГМЕНТИ

Author(s): Andrey Bojadzhiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper makes a short overview of the parchment fragments kept in the library of Zograf monastery on mount Athos. Then it throws attention to the oldest of them, Zograf folia, and characterizes some ot its paleographic and linguistic features. The paper further hypotesize that there are close parallels in orthography between Zograf folia, Old Russian manuscripts like Izbornik from 1073, Izbornik from 1076 and Menaion of Dobrian and the Athonite manuscripts from 13th-14th centuries. The review of these parallels concludes with information on electronically published new edition of Zograf fragments.

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ЛЕКСИКАЛНИ КАУЗАТИВИ И ДЕКАУЗАТИВИ ЗА ИЗРАЗЯВАНЕ НА ЕМОЦИЯ В БЪЛГАРСКИЯ ЕЗИК

Author(s): Galina Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper describes and compares the Bulgarian lexical causatives and decausatives expressing an emotion. This includes verb lexemes and phraseological units. The analysis is focused on their semantic and formal specificity, as well as on the parallel between them.

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КЪМ ВЪПРОСА ЗА ЛЕКСИКОГРАФСКИТЕ ОПИТИ НА БАНАТСКИТЕ БЪЛГАРИ

Author(s): Marinela Mladenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to present some not popular or unknown attempts to systemize and interpret part of the vocabulary of the Banat Bulgarian literary language. This archaic Bulgarian dialect was codified as literary microlanguage because of historical circumstances. In 1896 the first and the only Bulgarian-Hungarian thematic dictionary was published - Kis magyar-bolgar szotar bolgar nepiskolai tanulok szamara"– Manen madžarsći-balgarsći rečnić zarad balgarsći narudniškulsći škulare. It was designed for the Bulgarian pupils in the primary classes of the Hungarian schools; today this dictionary is a precious source about the condition and the vocabulary of the dialect. The emphasis in the paper is placed on the attempts after 1990 in the vocabulary sections of the newspaper „Naša glas“, in the prefaces of the issues of Banat popular fairy tales (Banatsći balgarsći prikazći) in the addendum to the book Banatsćija balgarsći dialekt i pismenus, part of the vocabulary of the present and archaic strata of the dialect to be collected and presented.

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БЪЛГАРО-УНГАРСКИ КУЛТУРНИ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЯ

Author(s): Monika Farkash Barathi / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to present the Bulgarian-Hungarian cultural relations throughout the centuries. To study the historical roots of the Bulgarian-Hungarian relations, we have to look to the distant past – to the ages before the foundation of the Bulgarian and Hungarian states when the two nations lived side by side and in good neighbourly relations for a very long time. This is reflected in the two nations’ legends and folk art, and also in certain linguistic facts. Important milestones in the history of the Bulgarian- Hungarian relations are John Hunyadi’s military campaigns and the Battle of Varna, the cultural activity of the Kossuth Emigration, as well as the migration of Bulgarian gardeners to Hungary.

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СЕМИОТИКА НА ПЪРФОРМАНСА

Author(s): Mariya-Liya Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The problem that is implicit in the title was provoked by the need for examining the performance not only in the range of the art, but as an overall concept of impact, which is realized through various semiotic tools. Through the analysis of performances of Marina Abramovic proves necessary and indispensable connection between the art and the science that helps the ideas reach the viewer at different levels.

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СЪЩНОСТ И ГРАНИЦИ НА ЕЗИКА НА ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАТА КОРЕКТНОСТ И ЕЗИКА НА ОМРАЗАТА

Author(s): Andreana Eftimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the content and language aspects of two concepts - the politically correct language and hate speech. It outlines clear parallels between the concepts - speech categories, manipulative deliberate public strategies with recurrent character, language-reform policies and more.

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IMPLICIT AND EXPLICIT L2 LEARNING – THE IMPACT OF CERTAIN FACTORS

Author(s): Mariana Gotseva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Learners of L2 in foreign learning settings receive a different type of input, in terms of quantity and quality, and have a much more limited exposure to the target language. Having taken this into consideration, the research presented in this article attempted to analyse the outcomes of the L2 learning process which takes place in such conditions through the perspective of implicit /explicit learning and implicit / explicit knowledge dichotomy. It seems justified by the fact that the conditions in which L2 learning happens in a foreign language classroom do not resemble, even remotely, the naturalistic learning in immersion environment. The former presupposes mostly explicit learning and acquisition of explicit knowledge, which might or might not turn into implicit knowledge, depending on the length of learning and exposure to L2, whereas the latter presupposes implicit (L1 children-like) learning and acquisition of implicit knowledge, although it might be supplemented by explicit knowledge as a result of education in formal environment. The findings showed that the most significant factors which have an impact on learners’ performance on tests measuring implicit knowledge (TGJT and OIT) tend to be the length of exposure to L2 in environment where it is used as native and the starting age of learning, followed by length of learning and type of input, which were also found statistically significant. Learners who perform better on tests measuring implicit knowledge also demonstrate higher levels of proficiency, which points to the fact that an L2 is best learned through acquiring implicit knowledge.

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WAS IST DAS ZIEL EINES FREMDSPRACHENUNTERRICHTS? UND WANN KANN MAN SAGEN, DASS MAN EINE FREMDSPRACHE BEHERRSCHT?

Author(s): Viera Lagerová / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

In this paper, the author focuses mainly on foreign language teaching and its objectives, which serve not only the mediation of the basics of a foreign language, but it also has an educational mission. It is therefore appropriate that in foreign language teaching tasks are given that take into account not only cognitive but also social, emotional and motivational aspects of acquiring a foreign language involved extensively in the development of key competencies of pupils. General competences are those which are characteristic of the language, but which are necessary for the different activities as e.g. to purposely gain new knowledge and skills, to understand the intention of the specified task, to use the acquired language actively and frequently, to supplement their knowledge and develop language skills, to interconnect them with the knowledge, to systematize them and use for its further development and real life, to evaluate their progress critically, to receive feedback and be aware of the possibility of their development, to use available materials for self-study and so on.

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YOUNG LEARNERS WORLD SEEN THROUGH THEIR CREATIVE WRITING

Author(s): Zarina Markova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article examines texts for students from third and fourth grade, written during exercise in creative writing classes in English. Despite the challenges that young age presented to creative writing and additional problems associated with the expression of a foreign language school, the texts indicate that nine- and ten-years students are capable of personal and social creativity and divergent thinking; that, in creating suitable conditions during the learning process, they can understand abstract concepts; to overcome his childhood egocentricity and show empathy and compassion; and last but not least, they are capable of poetic expression. All this makes the texts created significant as pedagogical, and the linguistic point of view.

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ЛЕКСИКАЛНИ И СЛОВООБРАЗУВАТЕЛНИ „ИНОВАЦИИ“ В КАНДИДАТСТУДЕНТСКИЯ ТЕКСТ

Author(s): Nadezhda Stalyanova,Vladislav Milanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with some tendencies observed in texts written for the entrance exam of Bulgarian and Bulgarian literature for Sofia University. Some relevant facts have been pointed out – future university students don’t master the usage of prepositions, of semantics of many words which leads to texts as if written in a foreign language or by foreigners.

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Балканские очерки

Author(s): Viktor Kossyk / Language(s): English,Russian Publication Year: 0

The text is related to the consideration of the anecdote in the Balkans, more specifically with the subject of nationalism, the "own" and the "alien" in the relations between Balkan people. The text itself is a rife with varied anecdotes in the capacity of the quintessence of political, public and everyday Balkan life in all its variety.

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Construcciones causativas «hacer(se) + Inf.», «dejar(se) + Inf.» como recurso del texto de traducción: micro- y macroparámetros

Author(s): Sergiy Fokin / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

The present study focuses on some usage peculiarities of Spanish causative constructions «hacers(se) + Inf.», «dejar(se) + Inf.» in fiction texts translated into Spanish VS original ones. Though causative constructions do exist in many languages, they may show a wide number of asymmetric features (such as pronominal forms, present in Romanic languages, absent in English, Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, etc.). As there are frequently no direct equivalents in the original text for the causative constructions, more subjective factors can influence the translator’s decision whether to use them or not. Particularly, it turned out that translators tend to exaggerate a «favorite» construction or to underuse some stylistic devices. A million-tokens corpus demonstrates it to be a strong tendency in translated fiction text, unlike in the original ones.

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Algunas reflexiones sobre la „Nueva gramática de la lengua española. Fonética y fonologia” (2011)

Author(s): Jerzy Szałek / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

The publication by Tomas Navarro Tomas of two fundamental books pertaning to Spanish phonetics („Manual de pronunciación española” (1918) y „Manual de entonación española” (1944) gave rise to the appearance of more publications dealing with the description and functioning of the Spanish phonetic and phonological systems. All the subsequent publications – which were based on Tomas Navarro Tomas’ books – attempted to develop, define more precisely and verify the theses formulated by the Father of Spanish phonetics. The author of this article presents a new important book which is indubitably an exceptional publication and constitutes a breakthrough in Spanish linguistics. His remarks are confined to the Spanish segmental system and phonetic change. The book came into being as the result of a close cooperation between 22 academies of the Spanish language („Nueva gramática de la lengua española. Fonética y fonologia”, vol. 3, 2011).

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La Lingüística cultural: una aportación a la metodología

Author(s): Joanna Wilk-Racięska / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this article is to present the research apparatus of the cultural linguistics. I understand the cultural linguistics as a multidimensional research system which, depending of the phenomenon under investigation uses various tools. Hence, the research apparatus of cultural linguistics covers both cognitive and pragmatic tools and it can also use the instruments typical for ethnolinguistics. However the most important tool serving in a sense as an authorization of later cognitive and pragmatic studies is an analysis by means of notional decomposition. When a subject of research is language changes created mainly as a result of an encounter of two different visions of the world, a decomposition of notional structure of the expressions into basic elements seems the most reasonable and even a necessary starting point.

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Formación literaria e intertextualidad: un acercamiento a los autores clásicos desde la música de los jóvenes

Author(s): Manuel Francisco Romero Oliva,Marek Baran / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

There are many definitions that recognized authors have elaborated looking for the concept of literary education; nevertheless, the definition of M. Bierwisch will be the model to base this investigation: on the one hand, the literary education includes, not only the aptitude to understand but also, producing texts; on the other hand, the acquisition of the literary education is determined by sociological, historical and aesthetic factors. In this work, we try to think how the way of life and the social and technological changes are increasing the classic concept of reading based on the written text, incorporating the reading competence into a wide space of possibilities that take as suport the image and the mass media – paintings, photography, publicity, video-clips, music. In consequence, if we try to bring the universal texts near to teenagers, we must provide opportunities of learning in those the real communicative experiences must be integrated to educational processes- learning near to the experience of the own reader, his reading competence and his cultural experience.

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Documentos del Consejo de Europa: transparencia y reponsabilidad

Author(s): Izabela Rychel / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

The experts have been interested in the process of the second language acquisition for many years. However, the significant changes appeared in the second decade of the twentieth century. The establishment of the Council of Europe, an ogranization which associates 47 countries, provided new common standards of the evaluation of the language proficiency. The most important aim of the work of the Council of Europe was to promote the multilingualism and multiculturalism to create between the European citizens understanding and openness for other cultures. What is more, common norms facilitated people the mobility because the certificates they were receiving started beeing recognisable in ither countries. The creation of the CEFR and European Language Portfolio was the beginning of the new way of understanding the process of the second language acquisition which, nowadays, has to be transparent for students. Furthermore, students have become more conscious and responsible for their own learning. The possibility of monitoring their learning process gives them opportunity to work out their stategies and patterns of work. Therefore, they are not just an audience but they take an active part in the second languages acquisition.

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Acerca del potencial didáctico de la Lingüística Cognitiva en el aula de E/LE: el caso de las locuciones

Author(s): Agnieszka Szyndler / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to present the didactic potential of Cognitive Linguistic, and in particular of Cognitive Theory of Metaphor in teaching Spanish as a foreign language. The present article, whose subject matter are idiomatic expressions which belong to the core of phraseology and can be viewed as prototypical phraseological units, not only attempts to demonstrate the reasons why this theoretical framework is extremely beneficial in the foreign language classroom but also focuses on role that the iconic dimension of idioms (mental image) and its metaphorical value (conceptual metaphors) have in the teaching and learning process. In other words, particular attention will be paid to research into the application of the theoretical postulates of Cognitive Linguistics to didactics of phraseology.

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