Функционално-семантичната граматика на Александър Владимирович Бондарко

Author(s): Ivan Kostadinov Kutsarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

The paper presents some short biographical notes and traces the prehistory (referring to the works of O. Jespersen, I. I. Meshchaninov and other scholars), the emergence, and the development of the theory of functional grammar by the prominent Russian linguist A. V. Bondarko. The most significant achievements of this linguistic approach in Russia and Bulgaria are made reference to. Various topical issues, related to the application of the theory in comparative studies, are concerned.

Педагогически аспекти на интерактивната комуникация с визуалното изкуство в музейна среда

Author(s): Ani Zlateva,Katya Tineva-Giurkovska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2019

In this report, some of the main aspects of pedagogical work mainly connected with the primary introduction of the kids of different age groups with the visual arts in museum or gallery environment are taken into consideration. The variety of communication with the pieces of art and the need for interaction in their presenting and conceiving is emphasized. In the research are studied the stages and dynamics of the processes which the participants in the project experience for chosen pieces of Bulgarian art and the specifics of the interactive communication with them is shown. For achieving the aims of the research, the chosen environment is different than the school environment. Here are shown the possibilities for activating the visual conception of students and kids through the contact with the original canvases of the artists. The aspects of the process of interaction between the different participants which forms the main stages of the research – the connection between the curator and children, curator and students, picture and children etc. Are also shown, and traced. A summary is made of the pedagogical methods used and the achieved results. The aim of the research is to analyze the degree of interest in the kids for the different pieces of art, according to their stylistic and genre belonging in the museum environment. In the preparation for the experiment are chosen artworks in advance and interactive pedagogical models for working with them. In the process of the research are applied traditional and interactive methods of pedagogical communication, which aim to provoke the interest for the pieces of art. For the analysis of the received data we used the standard methods for pedagogical researches, which include: empirical – pedagogical experiment, praximetric – observation, analysis of the children’s pieces of art, content analysis, quantity and quality analysis of the received empiric data, expert evaluation. Based on the experiment, some conclusions regarding the style, genre, and the preferred colors from the kids to certain pieces of art are made, as well as the degree of influence and interaction in the communication with the visual arts of this preference. The received results from the research could have practical applicability in fine arts education, regarding the choice of pieces of art, included in the education, analysis and illustration of different studying problems in the educational process.

THE SITUATION OF THE FRANCOPHONIE AND THE FRANCOPHONE CULTURE IN KOSOVO

Author(s): LUMA Krenare / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2020

The educational and sociolinguistic context in post-war Kosovo and the cooperation in building a current educational system have gone through very specific histories. The current situation of French and Francophonie is the result of great changes throughout history. All this sociolinguistic situation is closely related to the sociopolitical context.Any linguistic situation is necessarily linked to the socio-political context, but in Kosovo more than elsewhere. It must be remembered that, for ten years, the Serbian judiciary had a long arm and that one in two Albanian-speaking adults had already been arrested in one way or another by the police. The massacres resulting from the violence had become part of everyday life. In 1999, during the Kosovo War, Serbian revenge experienced unprecedented developments while ethnic cleansing in Albania accelerated rapidly during 1998-1999. At present, the official languages of Kosovo are Albanian and Serbian. At the municipal level, minority languages such as Turkish, Bosnian and Romani are languages officially used under specific conditions.French is only the language of communication between French-speaking communities and French-speaking Kosovars working in contact with embassies and cultural services in French-speaking countries. In this context French therefore has the status of a foreign language in its own right. It is also taught as a second foreign language in schools in the same way as German.

ИНТЕРКУЛТУРАЛНА КОМУНИКАЦИЈА НА РАДНОМ МЕСТУ...: РОДНО ОЗНАЧЕНЕ ЛЕКСЕМЕ ЗА НАЗИВЕ ЗАНИМАЊА, ЗВАЊА И ТИТУЛА У СРПСКОМ И ЕНГЛЕСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ

Author(s): Katarina Subanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 73/2020

This theoretical paper deals with gender-lexicalized names for occupations, functions and titles in the Serbian and English languages. The main task is to provide a summary of Serbian and English literature in terms of a given topic so as to compare general attitudes and conclusions in the two languages. The language material consulted for the writing of this paper included scientific studies, academic debates and newspaper articles, since this topic represents a social phenomenon which can be pointed at by the interaction between scientist (academic studies, debates) and the public (newspaper articles). As for the methodological procedure, it involved several steps. Firstly, we created tabular annotated bibliographies which contained the following data: the title of the paper/article, the subject matter of the paper/ article, the aim(s), methodology, the information on the participants in the study, or the information on the corpus, the main results, limitations and conclusions. Next, we selected the relevant parts for the problems we dealt with and included them in the appropriate parts of our paper. Eventually, based on the analyzed studies and newspaper articles, we made a conclusion regarding the given topic. The main results indicate that active efforts are made in both languages in order to eliminate sexist language and gender inequality. However, since English and Serbian are different in terms of the typological classification, the problem is approached differently in the two languages. To conclude, these results refer to the said corpus, thus further research is needed to consider the observed tendencies a rule.

АКАДЕМСКИ ВОКАБУЛАР: ДА ЛИ СУ СТУДЕНТИ (У)ОПШТЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИ? О ПОТРЕБИ ЗА УКЉУЧИВАЊЕМ АКАДЕМСКОГ ВОКАБУЛАРА У КУРИКУЛУМЕ ЗА СРПСКИ ЈЕЗИК У СРЕДЊОЈ ШКОЛИ И НА УНИВЕРЗИТЕТУ

Author(s): Jovana Z. Milovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 73/2020

This article discusses reception and production of academic vocabulary among native speakers of Serbian language. Academic vocabulary is one of the key elements of academic language competence, and a modest lexicon and underdevel- oped academic language competence can cause problems in both comprehension and production. In this research, we used a vocabulary test consisting of 12 items taken from general culture entrance exams used at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade. The participants are BA students of French language at the Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, years 1-4. The participants were instructed to provide a synonym or a definition for each item, as well as a sentence containing the given word. The aim of this research is to highlight issues in comprehension of academic vocabulary and establish the influence of factors such as word etymology or university level on the success of the participants. We analysed the results and classified them in three categories: correct, incorrect and unanswered. The majority of participants successfully identified just half of the given words (in order of success: poliglota 95,76%, bestseler 92,37%, pacifista 66,10%, suveren 58,47%, prototip 57,63%, elokventan 56,78%). The success level for the other half of the items from the test was below 50% (in order of success: erudita 49,15%, hipokrizija 39,83%, nepotizam 22,03%, skrupulozan 18,64%, šprahfeler 10,17%, eksproprijacija 8,47%). The influ- ence of etymology was analysed through a comparison of the results for six items of French/Latin origin with the results for the other six items which did not originate from Romance languages. This analysis shows that the participants had similar re- sults in both groups of items, with three words from each group having above 50% of correct answers (suveren, elokventan, pacifista; poliglota, bestseler, prototip). Lastly, we examined success levels from year 1, year 2, year 3 and year 4 students and de- termined that the median of correct answers for each year does vary, but that there is no strong linear progression (median year 1=5, year 2=6, year 3=7, year 4=6). The results indicate a lack of knowledge of academic vocabulary and difficulties in identifying and manipulating this type of lexis. We believe it is necessary to integrate academic language skills, including academic vocabulary, in high school curriculum and introduce Serbian language as a subject at university level.

Минало и настояще на българистиката в Белградския университет

Author(s): Ivana Davitkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

This article aims to outline the main stages in the development of Bulgarian studies at the University of Belgrade, as well as to describe its current state, without claiming to be exhaustive. The first stage of the development of the specialty could rather be considered a preparatory stage in the development of Bulgarian studies as we know it today. The second stage is marked by the scientific work of Marin Mladenov and the development of mainly literary Bulgarian studies. In the third stage, the emphasis is placed on the linguistic Bulgarian studies by Mariana Aleksic, as the teaching staff expands. Today, the Faculty of Philology at the University of Belgrade is the only place in Serbia where Bulgarian studies exist as a separate specialty within the Department of Serbian with South Slavic Languages. The Bulgarian language is also studied as an elective discipline (two-semester and four-semester), and almost all Bulgarian disciplines can be studied as electives by students from other specialties. It could be said that Belgrade Bulgarian studies today strive to soon achieve the much-needed balance in the presence of specialists in the field of literature and language.

Падежни остатъци при българските фразеологизми

Author(s): Nemanja Jovanović / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

This article analyzes the case remnants in Bulgarian phrasemes. As a source we used Nov frazeologichen rechnik na balgarskiya ezik (1993) by Keti Ankova-Nicheva. Where possible, a comparison has been made with phrasemes in Russian, Serbian, Old Bulgarian and Church Slavonic, which are taken from phraseological dictionaries of the respective languages. The origin of some case forms has been studied. The methods of definitional, component and comparative analysis with Slavic synthetic languages are used. The analysis of the material shows that under the influence of the Church Slavonic language, most of the phraseologies that have retained case forms belong to the sphere of religion.

Trevor Noah and the contingent politics of racial joking

Author(s): Jennalee Donian,Nicholas Holm / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

This article takes up the transnational comedy career of Trevor Noah as a way to explore how the political work of racial comedy can manifest, circulate and indeed communicate differently across different racial-political contexts. Through the close textual analysis of two key comic performances –“The Daywalker” (2009) and “Son of Patricia” (2018), produced and (initially) circulated in South Africa and the USA, respectively – this article explores the extent to which Noah’s comic treatment of race has shifted between the two contexts. In particular, attention is paid to how Noah incites, navigates and mitigates potential sources of offence surrounding racial anxieties in the two contexts, and how he evokes his own “mixed-race” status in order to open up spaces of permission that allow him to joke about otherwise taboo subjects. Rejecting the claim that the politics of Noah’s comedy is emancipatory or progressive in any straightforward way, by means of formal analyses we argue that his comic treatment of race does not enact any singular politics, but rather that the political work of his racial humour shifts relative to its wider political contexts. Thus, rather than drawing a clear line between light entertainment and politically meaningful humour, this article argues that the political valence of racial joking can be understood as contingent upon wider discourses of race that circulate in national-cultural contexts.

Book review

Author(s): Dorota Brzozowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

Misvaluation: On the Bulgarian Verbs подценявам ‘Underestimate’ and надценявам ‘Overestimate’, their Semantic Structure and Translation into Russian

Author(s): Elena Yu. Ivanova,Alexandra Eremchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2021

The article examines the semantic structure of the two Bulgarian verbs of misеvaluation, подценявам ‘underestimate’ and надценявам ‘overestimate’. Attention is drawn to the ambivalence of their position in the semantic typology of predicates, notably their features/traits stemming from the presence of an interpretive component. With reference to the Bulgarian National Corpus, the article outlines the most common options for filling the positions of the participants and the main contexts in which the verbs occur. Some issues in translation into Russian are shown, which exist despite the availability of full equivalents in the target language.

Многообразието на кирилицата в обучението по български като чужд

Author(s): Antonia Radkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The focus of this article are the issues of teaching and acquiring Cyrillic alphabet. In the first part of the text a contrastive analysis of the Cyrillic and Latin alphabet is made. The second and third part are dealing respectively with reading and writing (manuscript and cursive handwriting and keyboarding).

Тактики и стратегии при превод на термини в български език (на фона на руски и сръбски език)

Author(s): Radostina Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The article is devoted to the various tactics and strategies for translating scientific terminology into Bulgarian against the background of Russian and Serbian. Different tactics for the concept of translation strategy are presented. An analysis of a number of similar difficulties for all three Slavic languages, which could be encountered in the translation of terminological units, has been made.

Ролята на интерактивния бинарен урок в обучението по български език като чужд

Author(s): Margarita Dimitrova,Teodora Todorova,Vasil Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

The conducting of an experiment on the role of the binary interactive lesson with the participation of a research associate from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS) has an extremely important part in the learning process. The lesson is about getting to know the role of the natural products in our health. The main objectives of this interactive binary lesson are: expanding and improving of the grammatical knowledge and development of specialized language skills in Bulgarian of our medical students by including them in innovative formats to increase their communicative competence; introduction of pseudo-communicative tasks with particular speech actions, repetition of phrases and creation of own short dialogues, communicative exercises for building complete and bigger dialogues and narrative texts; utilizing teamwork for creating situational compositions, transformations and psychological testing for measuring the parameters of readiness for working in a team, mutual respect, trust, mutual assistance, responsibility in a multicultural environment. In this manuscript we offer the specifics of an interactive lesson about the role of natural products and health realized with foreign students. We specify the opportunities for language acquisition orally and in writing in accordance with the indicated levels of competence of the European Language Framework. We take into account the possibilities for the application of interactive in parallel with the traditional methods and tools of work, so as to achieve the development of creative thinking in a foreign language for students, as well as the improvement of communicative skills for professional realization.

УЛОГА МЕДИЈА И КОНСТРУИСАЊЕ НЕГАТИВНЕ СЛИКЕ СРБИЈЕ У НЕМАЧКОМ МАГАЗИНУ „ШПИГЕЛ“ ТОКОМ НАТО БОМБАРДОВАЊА

Author(s): Anđela T. Vujošević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 75/2021

In der Arbeit wird die Berichterstattung der deutschen Zeitschrift Spiegel während der NATO-Bombenangriffe auf die Bundesrepublik Jugoslawien im Jahr 1999 nach den Methoden der Diskursanalyse und der Theorien des kollektiven Gedächtnisses analysiert. Die Arbeit soll erklären, was unter dem Begriff kollektives Gedächtnis aus linguistischer Sicht zu verstehen ist, wofür Medientexte geeignet sind und inwieweit sie das kollektive Gedächtnis bestimmter Ereignisse aus der Vergan- genheit prägen, wie Wissen und negative Bilder vergangener Ereignisse durch die Medien konstruiert werden, sowie die Art und Weise, wie ein negatives Bild Serbiens in deutschen Zeitungsberichten des Nachrichtenmagazins DER SPIEGEL im Jahr 1999 konstruiert wurde. Die Hypothese der Arbeit lautet, dass das negative Bild Serbiens in der Berichterstattung des ausgewählten Magazins während des NATO-Bombenangriffs auf der Semantik des Lexems oder der sprachlichen Konstruktionen basiert, die im Diskurs auf Deutsch verwendet wurden.

НАИМЕНОВАНИЯТА НА ПРАЗНИЦИТЕ И ПРЕДПРАЗНИЧНИТЕ ПЕРИОДИ ОТ ЦЪРКОВНАТА ГОДИНА В ЛИТЕРАТУРНИТЕ ПАМЕТНИЦИ НА SLAVIA ORTHODOXA

Author(s): Tatyana Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The object of study in this paper is the heortological nomenclature established in the Old Bulgarian and Church Slavonic texts. This investigation sets out to extract the calendar names of the feasts and of the run-up to them from records, which appeared in different years and belong to different genres. After that they are subjected to a linguistic analysis, which includes observations on the nomination techniques in Christian heortology, the phenomena synonymy, doublets and polysemy in the names of the Christian calendar and their syntagmatics and epidigmatics.

ЕЗИКЪТ НА „МАЛЪКЪ БЪЛГАРСКЬIЙ ПИСМОВНИКЪ“ НА НИКОЛА МИХАЙЛОВСКИ (МОРФОЛОГИЧНИ ОСОБЕНОСТИ)

Author(s): Ivo Bratanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 20/2021

The report is written in connection to the language of a book “A Small Collection of a letters”, composed by the Bulgarian Revival writer Nicola Mikhaylovsky. The article exposes important grammatical peculiarities of the language of this text. The review shows that Nicola Mikhaylovsky contributes to the approval of a series of grammatical norms, inherent to the contemporary Bulgarian language.

Синтактичен правопис – слято и/или разделно писане. Когнитивни размисли

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The explanation of merged and / or separate writing of words and phrases can only be achieved as a principled research position when the third axis in the coordinate system of language – the human consciousness, is taken into account. The syntactic orthographic principle explicitly introduces the cognitive approach, as the syntax expresses the cognitive need. This is a extremely sufficient justification for taking out of the vocabulary those supposedly complex words, but in fact word combinations, whose spelling is entirely and only syntactically justified – only separate writing.

22nd Biennial Conference on Balkan and South Slavic Linguistics, Literature, and Folklore

Author(s): Helmut Wilhelm Schaller / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Культурная информация в романе А. С. Пушкина «Евгений Онегин»: стратегии и способы ретрансляции в португальских переводах

Author(s): Vasilisa Danilova,Irina Tivyaeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2022

The paper focuses on identifying and methodizing key strategies and ways of rendering culture specific information in Portuguese translations of Eugene Onegin by Alexander Pushkin and aims at assessing their adequacy. Culture differences between Russia, Portugal, and Brazil provide grounds for cross-cultural barriers, the negative effect of which could be minimized if translation bridges the gap between the source and target cultural worlds. This research relies on culture specific lexical items known as ‘realia’ to examine how culture code is transferred in Russian-to-Portuguese translation of fiction. The study resulted in a new translation model providing an algorithm for rendering culture specific words. The model uses a complex of criteria that allow assessing equivalence and adequacy of items in the target language to those in the source language. Applying the model in the course of Russian-to-Portuguese translation will advance theoretically motivated decisions and contribute to the methodology of pre-translation fiction text analysis.

Към историята на една дума, въведена от Христо Ботев

Author(s): Dimitar Vesselinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

The aim of the article is to present the history of a French loanword, introduced in Bulgarian language by the poet-publicist Hristo Botev. The research is within the realm of diachronic empruntology, viewed as a science for tracking interlanguage lexical transfers in their chronological order. The object of research is the lexeme "francophile", in the process of work the method of empruntological diachronic analysis being applied, which includes establishing the first text fixation of the french loan in standard Bulgarian language. The fate of the word in French and in Bulgarian languages is presented. Parallelly with this different derivative forms, which are compared to their Bulgarian counterparts. The results obtained allow for reconstruction of  Bulgarian language fate of the French lexical creation "francophile" in a formal and semantic perspective, allowing for comparison of connotative uses of the French loan word francophile.