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Функционално-семантичната категория залоговост в българския език

Author(s): Verka Sasheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the article is to outline the means (explicators, modifiers) that are in the core and periphery of the functional-semantic field of voice. Attention is paid not only to the morphological category of voice, which is at the core of the functional-semantic field; other peripheral explicators of the category – both lexical and syntactic – are considered, too. Some homonymous uses of passive forms with already lost passive meanings are discussed. An attempt is made to distinguish them by means of a functional-semantic (pragmatic, not formal) criterion.

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Някои наблюдения върху поляризацията на обществото, отразена в българските медии

Author(s): Teodora Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The object of analysis in this article is the language of the Bulgarian media and its ability to influence the process of polarization of society by advancing certain theses in the presentation of the news. The study uses material from some Bulgarian print media such as the newspapers Trud, Sega, 24 chasa, FrogNews, Agency PIK, Ivo Indzhev’s blog – ivo.bg, etc. for the period 2021 2022. Attention is paid to language aggression in the media and the means of its expression.

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Лексикални разночетения и география на средновековните текстове (за един молдовски препис на Псевдозонариния номоканон от XVI век)

Author(s): Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article is dedicated to the practically unknown copy of the so-called Pseudo-Zonaras Nomocanon kept in the Library of the Saint Synod of the Romanian Orthodox Church in Bucharest under signature BSS Ms.sl.II 267. The historical context of its emergence and the metadata of the manuscript are studied in comparison with the traditions of this nomocanon in Wallachia and Moldavia after the 14th century, when the Bulgarian translation appeared. Separate Greek words and lexical variations are commented on, such as факеол-венец-савон; посадница, палакида, кавка, накато, some of them with a status of occasional readings for this special Moldavian copy. The author highlights the role of the 16th century Moldavian literature for the preservation of the Middle Bulgarian written heritage.

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Наблюдения върху езика на литургийното тълкувание в MSS РГАДА 88 И БОГИШИЧ 52. Морфология на имената

Author(s): Tatyana Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The object of study in this article are the morphological peculiarities of the nominal system in the hitherto unattributed liturgical commentary of MSS RGADA 88 and Bogishich 52. On the basis of a thorough linguistic analysis linguistic data are gathered about the age in which the work appeared and the literary school to which its author belonged. This investigation shows that as regards its morphological characteristics, the commentary has the characteristic features of Southern Slavonic literature, which conform to the linguistic norms probably already established on Mt. Athos in the first decades of the 14th century and adopted by the Tarnovo men of letters as well, norms underlying the Resava orthography in Serbia later. Judging by the linguistic data examined, the commentary could have been written in the Western Bulgarian or the Eastern Serbian lands by an author who had a command of Old Bulgarian and observed its morphological and syntactic norms by using synthetic nominal forms at the time when the new analytical system had already established itself in the vernacular.

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Righteous people, sinners and repentance in the history of Bulgarian literature and today

Author(s): Vanya Micheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This study presents the semantics and linguistic realizations of the concepts righteous people and sinners in different types of works from the 9th – 10th, 14th and 17th centuries. Repentance is analyzed as the basis of the Christian anthropological view in medieval Bulgarian literature. The modern processes of transformation of Christian values in the conditions of the pan-European cultural paradigm are studied by applying the survey research method. The most important conclusion from the three polls conducted with Bulgarians of different ages in 2022 is: sinners today are defined as people who commit crimes, they are most often called criminals and bad people, and they cannot atone for their guilt by repentance alone.

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Balkan vs Romance in the linguistic atlas of the Romanian dialects to the north and the south of the Danube

Author(s): Manuela Nevaci,Irina Floarea / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Romanian Publication Year: 0

Our paper aims to emphasise the dialectal similarities of North- and South-Danubian Romanian dialects (Daco-Romanian, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, Istro-Romanian) spoken in Romania, the Republic of Moldova, Ukraine, Serbia, Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, the Republic of North Macedonia, Greece, Croatia. Our research is based on the questionnaire of Atlas Linguarum Europae (ALE), the ALE dialectal archive of the Iorgu Iordan – Al. Rosetti Institute of Linguistics at the Romanian Academy, in order to have a comparison with European dialects. In this way, the concordances with the Romance languages related to the languages of the Balkan Sprachbund and with other European languages are highlighted. The aim is to emphasise the Romance nature and the unity of the Romanian language in the European context.

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Унгарски заемки в роднинската терминология, представена в Общославянския лингвистичен атлас

Author(s): Kiril Kirilov / Language(s): Bulgarian,Hungarian Publication Year: 0

The study is dedicated to the Hungarian loanwords in the Slavic kinship terminology. The linguistic material is collected from Volume XI Degrees of Kinship prepared by the Bulgarian National Commission as part of the Slavic Linguistic Atlas. The object of analysis are the loanwords of Hungarian origin in the Slavic dialect kinship terminology. The aim of the research is to show the source of the borrowings, the particularities of their adaptation, dialects where they are found. Special attention is also paid to Slavic loanwords adopted in Hungarian that have later been reborrowed into various Slavic dialects.

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Произход на български диалектни думи (принос към българската диалектна етимология и „Българския етимологичен речник“)

Author(s): Hristina Deykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper applies a systematic approach to the etymologization of Bulgarian dialect words of Turkish origin. The object of analysis are Turkish loanwords with initial a- from the Dictionary of an archaic Rhodope dialect – the dialect of Ropkata, published in 2022. Specific phonetic changes are described, whose regularity in the dialect helps to find other dialectal variants of the words under consideration and to identify the Turkish primary source. The analyzed words are not included in Volume I of the Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary, and the majority of them are not reflected in the corresponding entries of the Dictionary of Turkisms in Bulgarian, so they are related to the respective etymological word families for the first time. Clarifications, additions and corrections are made to some of the existing etymologies or a new etymological interpretation is proposed. Emphasis is placed on the variation of the borrowed dialect lexis, which is of great importance for discovering the foreign language etymon.

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За етимологията на славянския етноним хървàтин: основни хипотези

Author(s): Simeon Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian,Croatian,Old Slavonic,Old Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this publication, I revisit the origin of the Slavic ethnonym Croat, which does not have a generally accepted etymology, and the attempts at explaining it are numerous – from ancient times to the present day. I summarize the main hypotheses and present the most plausible one, which is accepted by most specialists today.

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Из актуальных результатов совместных словацко-болгарских аксиологических исследований

Author(s): Peter Žeňuch / Language(s): Slovak,Bulgarian,Russian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents the results of several years of ethnolinguistic research carried out in cooperation between Slovak, Bulgarian, Russian and Serbian slavicists. It provides a picture of the perception of the relationship between truth, right, good and evil in the context of linguistic thought. It not only highlights language as a tool of communication but also explains the perception of language as an important feature of cultural and ethnic identity. The paper specifically addresses the issue of research on language as a source of deeper understanding of the study of the history of the language community. Language is also presented as an instrument of value formation for the cultivation of the individual and the community. Тhe study also outlines other areas of cooperation in the field of international linguistically-oriented Slavic studies.

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Българските неопределителни местоимения с елемента 'си' и съответствията им в украински език

Author(s): Ivan Derzhanski,Olena Siruk / Language(s): Bulgarian,Ukrainian Publication Year: 0

The paper addresses three groups of Bulgarian indefinite pronouns and pronominal expressions incorporating the element си and their Ukrainian counterparts in a parallel bilingual corpus. The study shows that the pronouns of the type еди-Q си mostly correspond to demonstrative pronouns or expressions featuring a demonstrative pronoun in combination with a deictic particle (-ось, -от or -то). Indefinite pronouns proper (of the types Q-сь, Q-небудь and де-Q), as well as demonstrative pronouns in combination with the reflexive pronouns собі, primarily correspond to Bulgarian pronouns of the type нѣ-Q си, whereas the expressions не знам/помня Q си have Ukrainian expressions with a parallel structure, including a cognitive verb, as their most frequent counterparts.

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Замяна на езиковите табута с евфемизми в украински и полски посредством семантична деривация

Author(s): Olena Voytseva / Language(s): Bulgarian,Polish,Ukrainian Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the problem of semantic derivation in the field of euphemistic vocabulary. Euphemization is a dynamic phenomenon caused by linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. The replacement of linguistic taboos with euphemisms is based on the processes of secondary nomination, which involves the use of existing nominative means as new names of entities, processes, phenomena, actions. The creation of euphemistic vocabulary in Ukrainian and Polish is carried out through metonymic, metaphorical and functional transfers and generalization. Universal euphemisms in both languages arise due to the fact that most semantic models are formed by the same type of cultural codes, ones that are reflected in the language. Distinctive euphemistic nominations in Ukrainian and Polish define a specific view of the world, resulting from national and cultural factors and the historical development of the languages.

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Жанровая модель заключения судебного эксперта (на материале английского, болгарского, польского и русского языков)

Author(s): Stanisław Goźdź-Roszkowski,Julia Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Russian,Polish Publication Year: 0

The literature devoted to legal linguistics often ignores documents encountered in court discourse which contain expert conclusions (forensic investigation). This article attempts to determine the genre model of expert opinions. As part of it, there is also a brief explanation of the legal and cultural context of how judicial expertise works, since it directly affects the structure of the documents we are interested in. The authors compare the conclusions of forensic experts using documents taken from the Anglo-Saxon legal system (common law) and from the civil law system (Polish, Russian, and Bulgarian).

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За синтаксиса на предикатите за желание

Author(s): Yovka Tisheva,Marina Dzhonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article treats the argument structure of desiderative predicates in Bulgarian as a subclass of psychological state predicates. Their possible complements – nominal phrase, prepositional phrase or a complement clause – are presented. The observations are based on the syntactic realization of the predicates искам ‘want’, желая ‘wish’, надявам се ‘hope’. The referential structure of the predicate arguments is taken into account. A conclusion about the syntactic realization of this subclass of predicates in comparison with the syntactic realization of other predicates with experiencer subject is made.

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Контекстова зависимост на граматическите категории в съвременния български език

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present work examines the influence of the context and/or the situation on the realization of noun and verb categories in modern Bulgarian. These cases are considered as contextual restriction, implementation of a blocking strategy, or as syntagmatic neutralization of a feature or features on which a given grammatical category is based. Cases of context restriction are presented for the noun categories number and indefiniteness/definiteness and for the verb categories number, aspect, tense, mood, evidentiality, and presumptiveness. The research proves that it is not possible to restrict the categories of person, gender and status (positive - negative verb forms).

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Ефектът на пола и възрастта върху темпа на четена българска реч

Author(s): Bistra Andreeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present study investigates the effect of sex and age on the temporal characteristics of read Bulgarian speech, as well as the impact of different methods of measuring speaking rate. The analysed material is continuous read speech from the multilingual speech database BABEL. Three cognitively linked short passages containing 5thematically related sentences were read by 60 speakers (30 male and 30 female). The total length of the analysed material is 70.14 minutes. The results of the statistical analysis, carried out using linear mixed models (LMM),show that speaking rate decreases with age for both sexes, with men speaking faster than women. No significant differences were found in the proportion of pauses. The study provides reference data on speech rate, articulation rate, and pausation in read Bulgarian speech, thus establishing a foundation for future comparisons and analyses.

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Лексикализация на устойчивите изрази с неопределителна семантика от типа „не знам (си) кой (си)“

Author(s): Laska Laskova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the structure and distribution of Bulgarian indefinite multiword expressions following the pattern ne znam (si) k-word (si) (NEG know.1SG.PRS (REFL) k-word (REFL)). The syntactic behavior of each member of the series is illustrated with numerous examples from Internet discourse.While it is possible for an adverb or even a preposition to occur within the complex, these expressions fill in positions available to pronouns, not to clauses, and denote specific non-identifiable referents. Therefore, ne znam (si) k-word(si) expressions should be categorized as compound indefinites.

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Някои метафори в медийния дискурс

Author(s): Teodora Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

he text examines some metaphors in the media discourse that build the image of politics as a process and the politicians in it. It represents an observation of language in print media over the past 3 years.

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Български лични печати от Западна Тракия и Източните Родопи с датировка от края на XIX и началото на ХХ век

Author(s): Georgi Mitrinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article presents personal seals from Bulgarian settlements in the South-Eastern Rhodopes and in Western Thrace dating from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The inscriptions of the seals,their graphic features and their layout are examined. The writing patterns of the anthroponyms on the personal seals and in the texts on which they are placed are described.

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Лексика в областта на финансово-паричните и търговски отношения в новобългарски текстове от XVIII и XIX в.

Author(s): Tatyana Braga,Simeon Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In the present study, lexis in the field of financial-monetary and commercial relations is presented in Modern Bulgarian texts from the period 18th and 19th century. The aim of the work is to trace the state and character of the vocabulary in the selected topic during the considered period.

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