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Mádlová, Claire, Píša, Petr a Wögerbauer, Michael. Buchwesen in Böhmen 1749-1848: kommentiertes Verzeichnis der Drucker, Buchhändler, Buchbinder, Kupfer- und Steindrucker. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2019. xxiv, 508 stran. Buchforschung: Beiträge zum Buchwesen in Österreich, Band 11. ISBN 978-3-447-11297-0.
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Mádlová, Claire, Wögerbauer, Michael a Píša, Petr. Na cestě k "výborně zřízenému knihkupectví": protagonisté, podniky a sítě knižního trhu v Čechách (1749-1848). Vydání první. Praha: Academia, 2019. 383 stran. Knižní kultura; svazek 1. ISBN 978-80-200-3054-2.
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Comparisons between the violin and viola continue to preoccupy performers, composers, and organologists. Such correspondences remain relevant not for the viola’s lack of mechanical potential or repertoire, but because of differences of timbre and technique. Such dissimilarities are extremely fruitful, driving the viola fully to realize its virtuoso potential. Two works – one from the nineteenth century (Vieuxtemps Capriccio Op.55, Hommage a Paganini) the other from the twentieth (Kugel Prelude Ysaye) – have been chosen for their indebtedness to the relevant instructional violin literature, and for being representative of the viola’s technical and expressive possibilities. Both pieces were written in memory of great violin virtuosos, and their display of the viola’s capacity for the appropriate bravura is compelling.
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Budynek archiwum państwowego to miejsce służące przede wszystkim długoterminowej ochronie materiałów archiwalnych. Musi także spełniać wymagania stawiane przyjaznej instytucji publicznej, związane z obsługą i zaspokajaniem różnorodnych potrzeb użytkowników w zakresie działalności prowadzonej przez archiwa. Pełnione przez archiwa funkcje determinują, już na etapie opracowywania koncepcji, a następnie dokumentacji projektowej, kwestie konstrukcji, wyposażenia oraz zastosowanych instalacji i technologii. Szczególne znaczenie w przypadku archiwum państwowego mają pomieszczenia magazynowe, służące przechowywaniu materiałów archiwalnych. W wypadku nowej siedziby Archiwum Narodowego w Krakowie, dla ośmiokondygnacyjnego segmentu magazynowego opracowano koncepcję z pasywną regulacją klimatu. Jest on wyodrębnioną strukturą, w której nie ma stałych stanowisk pracy, a pasywną stabilizację mikroklimatu zapewniono w znacznym stopniu przez przemyślane rozwiązania budowlane: dobrą izolację termiczną, wysoką szczelność przegród zewnętrznych oraz wykonanie powierzchni architektonicznych z porowatych materiałów o dobrej zdolność do wymiany pary wodnej. Temperatura we wnętrzu magazynu podąża za rocznym cyklem zmian temperatury na zewnątrz, a wilgotność względna utrzymuje się samoistnie na optymalnym poziomie około 50% przez znaczną część roku. W porze ciepłej powietrze jest osuszane. Suche warunki i niska w porze zimnej temperatura ograniczają szybkość degradacji materiałów archiwalnych. [A state archive building is a place that serves primarily the long-term preservation of archival materials. It must also meet the requirements of a friendly public institution, which include serving and satisfying various user needs in the field of archival activity. The archives’ functions determine the construction, equipment, installation and technology considerations at the very conceptual stage and later in the design documentation. In case of a state archive, storage facilities used for the storage of archival materials are of particular importance. In case of the new building of the National Archives in Kraków, a concept involving passive climate control has been developed for the eight-storey storage segment. The storage segment is a separate structure, with no permanent workstations. The largely passive stabilization of the microclimate was ensured by well-thought-out construction solutions: good thermal insulation, high-performance external partitions and installation of architectural surfaces made of porous materials with good water vapor exchange capacity. Temperature inside the storage facility follows the annual cycle of external emperaturę changes, and relative humidity remains spontaneously at the optimum level of approximately 50% throughout much of the year. During the warm season, the air is dehumidified. Dry conditions and low temperatures in the cold season reduce the rate of degradation of archival materials.]
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Even 10 years ago, the idea that historical manuscripts, regardless of time of creation and origin, could be „read“ and searched using automated processes seemed unrealistic. However, thanks to modern machine learning methods and the use of artificial intelligence, it is now possible. Following the development of Transkribus platform (http://transkribus.eu/), a tool has become available that allows free open access to this technology. Handwriting recognition permits automatic conversion of large numbers of historical manuscripts into fully legible texts. This development will influence and change the work of archives over the next several years, especially with regard to how their collections are made accessible digitally. Using the example of a Polish-German cooperation project, the article presents the use of handwriting recognition technology in the context of an archival digitisation project and discusses the technical requirements, technological work input and results of using Transkribus in an archive.
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Review of: Tanja Anstatt, Christina Clasmeier, Sonja Wölke: Obersorbisch. Aus der Perspektive der slavischen Interkomprehension. Tübingen: Narr-Francke-Attempto 2020, 218 S.
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An overview of the publishing activity of Bulgarian National Library “St. St. Cyril and Methodius” from 1897 to the present day is presented. In the period 1897–1944 the publishing output was very limited due to lack of sufficient experience and staff, funds, own printing house, Balkan Wars and World War I. After 9.09.1944, the Library became a national methodological center and a central scientific library. Important lists and bibliographic repertoires of Bulgarian literature have been published, and valuable manuscripts stored in the Bulgarian Historical Archive have been published for the first time. The editions in the period 1989–2020 are characterized by a variety of their thematic scope. By genre, these are lists, facsimile editions, bibliographic indexes. The National Library successfully fits into the global reading practices for publishing electronic editions, as well as in the digitization of rare and valuable documents. In recent years the Library has initiated the realization of innovative electronic publications, such as the notebooks of V. Levski, H. Botev and G. S. Rakovski. The facsimile edition of “Under the Yoke” novel dedicated to the 170th anniversary of the birth of Ivan Vazov is in preparation in 2020.
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Rev. of the book: Proceedings of Student scientific society at University of library science and information technologies: Т. 1 – / Ed.-in-chief S. Denchev; Eds. A. Kumanova – … [et al.]; Comp. A. Kumanova – … [et al.]; Sci. ed. K. Alexandrova … [et al.]; Ling. graph. ed. N. Vasilev. – Sofia: About letters – О писменехь, 2008 – Т. 13. [Thirteen] ХІІІ Student scientific conference / Gen. ling. graph. ed. N. Vasilev; Rev. I. Peteva … [et al.]. 2018. 750 p.: with ill., tables, schemes. Other rev.: I. Yankova, Zh. Stoyanov, D. Hristozov, I. Pavlova [in Bulgarian]. The periodical is interpreted as a followed and developed image in the new information era image of the Annual of Bulgarian Bibliographic Institute.
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Prezenta trecere în revistă își propune să ofere o imagine actualizată a studiilor efectuate în domeniul cercetării patrimoniului cultural în ultimii ani. Tehnicile analitice clasice (microscopie, spectroscopie, analiză izotopică și analiză biologică) care au fost utilizate pentru investigații în ultimele decenii sunt prezentate în versiunile lor actualizate, respectând toate cerințele standard pentru cercetarea științifică nevătămătoare. Cele mai recente progrese tehnologice sunt corelate cu cele apărute în domenii adiacente, cum ar fi informatica, care dispune de tehnologii ușor adaptabile la știința patrimoniului, care nu pot decât să îmbunătățească cercetarea și conservarea acestuia. Perspectivele în acest domeniu științific evoluează spre invazivitatea minimă a tehnicilor aplicate de investigare, conservare și protejare, armonizate cu colectarea uniformă a datelor și interpretarea rezultatelor în context global.
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Review of: Nicoleta Hegedűs, Csaba Horváth, Vlad Popovici (editori), Portrete de ofițeri de origine română din Armata de Honvezi (1868-1918), Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca, 2020, 464 pagini. Analele Științifice ale Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” din Iași (serie nouă), Istorie, Tom LXIV/2018, Număr special / Special issue, Marea Unire a românilor (1918) - Istorie și actualitate / The Great Union of the Romanians (1918)-History and Actuality, volum editat de Petronel Zahariuc, Adrian Bogdan Ceobanu, Adrian Vițalaru, Editura Universității „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” din Iași, 718 pagini. Armando Pitassio, La federazione perduta. Cronache e riflessioni sulla dissoluzione della Jugoslavia e sui Balcani occidentali, prefazione di Milica Uvalić, Morlacchi Editore U.P., Perugia, 2021, 405 pagine. Qualestoria. Rivista di storia contemporanea, Anno XLIX, 2021, N.ro 1, Giugno, Edizioni Università di Trieste, 438 pagine. Ioan Dumitraș, Geamăna, o filă ruptă din istoria României, vol. I-II, Editura Altip, Alba Iulia, 2020, cu o prefață de prof. univ. dr. Doru Radosav, text și ilustrații alb-negru și color, 315+341 pagini. Călin Hentea, România. Album de istorie comunistă: 1948-1989, Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca, 2021, 198 pagini.
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Wiek XIX należy do przełomowego w dziejach polskiej terminologii medycznej. Powstał wówczas, opublikowany w 1881 roku w wyniku licznych dyskusji, głównie środowiska lekarskiego, najważniejszy leksykon krakowski Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej. Chociaż jego terminologia reprezentuje szkołę krakowską, to wpływy innych polskich ośrodków naukowych są w nim również widoczne, ponieważ na ostatnim etapie przygotowań leksykonu krakowscy autorzy słownika konsultowali się z warszawskimi, poznańskimi i lwowskimi lekarzami. Materiał w tym przekładowym słowniku jest różnorodny i nierzadko przekracza granice ówczesnej medycyny. Jest bogatym źródłem dla historyka języka polskiego do badania nie tylko stanu polskiej terminologii medycznej w XIX stuleciu (np. liczebności, pochodzenia terminów), terminologii wówczas porządkowanej i uzupełnianej w sposób zorganizowany i świadomy, lecz także – charakterystycznych w niej zjawisk (np. synonimii i polisemii) na tle innych epok w dziejach polskiej terminologii medycznej. Celem artykułu jest nie tylko zrelacjonowanie stanu dotychczasowych badań historycznojęzykowych, lecz także wskazanie możliwości, jakie te badania dają kolejnym badaczom polszczyzny.The 19th century was a groundbreaking period in the history of Polish medical terminology. It was then that the most important dictionary, Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej [Dictionary of Polish Medical Terminology], was published in Kraków in 1881 as a result of numerous discussions, mainly within the medical community. Although its terminology represents the Kraków school, the influence of other Polish scientific centers is also evident, because at the final stage of preparing the lexicon the Kraków dictionary authors consulted with medical doctors from Warsaw, Poznań and Lviv. The material in this translation dictionary is diverse and often crosses the boundaries of medicine of the time. It is a rich source for a Polish language historian to study not only the state of Polish medical terminology of the 19th century, e.g. the number and origin of terms, or the terminology which was then arranged and supplemented in an organized and deliberate manner, but also its characteristic phenomena, e.g. synonymy and polysemy, against the background of other periods in the history of Polish medical terminology. The aim of the article is not only to report on the state of historical linguistic research to date, but also to show the opportunities that this research offers for next researchers of the Polish language
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The article discusses the first four volumes of the Encyclopaedia of Shevchenko Scientific Society. It traces the genesis of the idea of this publication in Ukrainian science of the 20th and early 21st century. The article also clarifies the concepts and methodological principles of the encyclopaedia and outlines its structure and content. We conclude that the Encyclopaedia … is a highly informative publication dedicated to one institution with a unique nature and scope.
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W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań nad osiągnięciami techniczno-bibliometrycznymi czasopism polskich z dziedziny historia i archiwistyka, dyscyplina historia i porównano je z punktacją Wykazu czasopism naukowych i recenzowanych materiałów z konferencji międzynarodowych MEiN z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Celem takich badań jest dokonanie zintegrowanej, transparentnej oceny techniczno-bibliometrycznej czasopism historycznych i stworzenie nowego Wykazu czasopism historycznych przygotowanego przez Pracownię Naukoznawstwa IHN PAN. Wszystkie zasady tego Wykazu będą wyraźnie określone i umożliwią redakcjom / instytucjom naukowym samodzielne wyznaczanie punktacji, a także pozwolą na poprawę działalności redaktorskiej i recenzyjnej oraz stworzenie przejrzystej strony internetowej czasopisma zawierającej wszelkie niezbędne dane dla ewentualnego autora i czytelnika.The article presents the results of the research on the technical and bibliometric achievements of Polish journals in the field of history and archives, the discipline of history, and compared them with the scores on the official list of scientific journals and reviewed materials from international conferences of the Polish Ministry of Education and Science published on December 21, 2021.The aim of such research is to perform an technical and bibliometric assessment of historical journals that will be both integrated and transparent, and to create a new list of historical journals prepared by the Science-of-Science and Science Studies Research Unit of the Institute for the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences.All the rules of the New List will be clearly defined and will allow editorial offices / scientific institutions to set scores independently. It will also aim to improve the editorial and reviewing process, and to create a transparent website containing all necessary data for both authors and readers.
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In modern didactics, there is a theory of competent approach to teaching and teaching educational disciplines. The purpose of this article is to consider the formation of linguistic and professional competence among students when teaching terminological vocabulary of a non-native language on the material of technical specialty texts.The communicative method regarded as the main method does not solve the problems of teaching the scientific style of a non-native language. Therefore, several approaches should be combined in teaching the professional Russian language: structural, aimed at assimilating the norms of the language, linguadidactic, representing methodological techniques, communicative, involving an understanding of the context, situation, competent, related to the connection of professional and linguistic knowledge, etc. Such multidimensional work with terminology contributes to the coverage of a large number of issues aimed at a detailed understanding of the scientific text and the role of terms. The formal organization of the scientific text is considered as a surface level that exposes the deep semantic level.To implement the tasks of didactic, linguistic, pragmatic, text and tasks are presented in which general scientific and technical terms are used. Logical diagrams are proposed to be complied in order to test the ability to understand professionally-oriented text, vocabulary, and grammatical forms, retell texts by specialty and talk about professional topics. Work with the text is based on the native language and takes into account the terminology field, which is the text.
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Social Network Sites (SNS) create an interactive virtual space where users can present themselves and communicate with each other with practically no technical or software skills. They become an integral part of the everyday life of millions of young people all over the world. SNS like Facebook allow users of all ages to create multifaceted profiles, to reach large audiences and have numerous followers practically free (for personal users) and with not time consuming activities. The possibility for asynchronous and long distance communication presents new challenges for the establishment and maintenance of interpersonal online relations and conflict management. The article explores student’s perception of the communication within Facebook student groups.
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The work presents the modules for user management and monitoring and data protection in the web-based information system for servicing the activities of a higher school. The system was designed and implemented in accordance with the specific requirements of the College of Economics and Administration - Plovdiv. The functional possibilities of the system are mainly discussed, as well as those related to the automation of the learning process, the processing of personal data of users, the introduction and editing of study plans, the conduct of exams, the output of a wide range of references, the generation of various text documents, etc. The prospects for the development of the system are indicated.
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The article uses the Sedov-Taylor function to model "information bubbles" formed in the global information space due to information attacks. The authors identify the most relevant determinants that describe information activities related to cyber threats and reactions of economic agents in the global digital economic space. The article hypothesizes about the emergence of "information bubbles" due to increases in information activities and their rupture due to information intrusion, leading to appropriate reactions of economic agents and their subsequent stabilization over time. The empirical data from global web statistics indicates, that four large-scale information overloads were caused by cyberattacks during the study period, which led to the rupture of "information bubbles". Application of autocorrelation functions allows us to determine that the period during which misinformation spreads is, on average, seven days. Solution of the Sedov-Taylor optimization problem and calculations of differential equations, as well as their derivatives, suggest several indicators. Namely, a breakpoint of the second kind, corresponds to the rupture of the "information bubble" with a subsequent adaptation of the system; the inflection point of the function identifies the levels of information activities related to cyber threats, which will change the consequences of the "information bubble" rupture; the minimum possible level of the reactions of economic agents in the global digital economic space.
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Entrepreneurship has a rich tradition in the history of economic thought, but Central and Eastern European (CEE) researchers are latecomers. The socialist or communist economic systems discriminated against the entrepreneurial activity. This article aims to supplement the knowledge about the state, intensity, and research trends on entrepreneurship in CEE countries. The systematic literature review covers over 30 years (1980-2021). The bibliometric analysis was conducted using the VOSviewer software. The regional output in quantitative terms is relatively smaller in comparison to the global academia, although it addresses basically the same topics as the world literature. CEE researchers undertake, in principle, the same research threads as the entire academic community worldwide. CEE researchers publish their work on Central Europe mainly in journals of regional publishers. The two currently leading regional scientific journals on entrepreneurship are Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues (Lithuania) and Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review (Poland). Although, the history of entrepreneurship research in Central and Eastern Europe dates back to the beginning of the economic transition in the early 1990s, but the intensification of publications from this region in Web of Science has been observed since the mid-2000s.
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