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This article describes the process of simulation like an interactive andcommunicative method. The article begins with 6 definitions which arepresented and analysed. Furthermore, the aspects of application of simulation aredescribed at the German lesson. At last, the differences and similarities betweensimulation, roleplaying games, theater games and planning games are broughtup.
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This article explorează possible uses of television commercials in action-orientedGerman as a foreign language lessons, which are based on the interaction of theelements image, text/language, music and color and can be carried out in threephases: before viewing (attunement and preliminary relief), during viewing(presentation of the commercial) and after seeing (action orientation and classdiscussion). Furthermore, the didactic potential of the commercials is derivedfrom their selection criteria, which can be divided and classified under threeaspects: the general didactic aspect, the information aspect and the interculturalaspect.
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The use of PowerPoint presentations for teaching has considerable potential forencouraging more professional presentations. This paper reviews the advantagesand disadvantages associated with its use in a teaching and learning context andsuggests some guidelines and pedagogical strategies that need to be consideredwhere it is to be used. It summarizes some of the key principles of presentationthat are frequently ignored and recommends some of the approaches that need tobe incorporated into good practice. It states that PowerPoint, when appropriatelyused, is a very powerful and flexible teaching and learning support tool tofacilitate the improved delivery of academic courses.
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ICT tools are widely used as a basic means in the study of foreignlanguages, due to the access they give to the multitude of multilingualinformation. In this context, the study of the topic is important from theperspective of the current trend of integrating ICT in higher education, in orderto solve modern pedagogical issues, determined by the need to improve theuniversity instructional-educational process in relation to labor market needs, inline with the demands of the information society
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Every student is unique by his academic needs, as well as by hisbackground experience, personality, culture, language, interests, and attitudestowards the whole learning process. This article outlines differentiatedinstruction strategies according to student’s readiness, interest and learningprofile. In order to succeed in differentiating tasks, teachers should: figure outwhat can be differentiated, profile student readiness, identify meaningful goalsand objectives, create learning profiles and create differentiated strategies withassessment data.
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This article analyzes the concept of professional competence of theteacher. Digital skills are presented as the most dynamic and modern. The authordescribes the difficulties faced by the foreign language teacher, taking intoacount the mother tongue of the students, the culture of the country of the studiedlanguage and the native culture of the students.Key-words: professional competence, Russian as a foreign language, the nativelanguageprinciple, digital competence.
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Even though its name contains the term “book”, a comparison between books and Facebook as different types of media reveal that Facebook should be regarded as the exact opposite of a book. Furthermore, an analysis of the deviations in each of the stages of the communicational algorithm of reading (perception, reception, understanding, realizing the meaning of the text, interpretation, self-transformation) reveals that the use of Facebook has less communicational value than the quality reading of books
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The article presents the results of a study of kinesthetic means in building a personal image of two presidential candidates in the Bulgarian presidential campaign 2021. The debate between Rumen Radev and Anastas Gerdzhikov, transmitted by BNT1 from 18.11.2021, is analyzed in it. The methodology includes a descriptive and comparative method –kinesthetic cues are examined by quantitative and qualitative indicators. The goal is to establish how kinesthetic cues to build a personal political image of different candidates in the presidential campaign, during the debates. The tasks are to present a theoretical framework and to build a methodology for analyzing kinesthetic cues. The hypothesis is that kinesthetic cues contribute to building a personal image in political communication. An inexperienced candidate in debates often uses kinemes, while an experienced opponent combines more kinemes from different parts of the body.
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Today Social media is an important part of the evolution of political communication in the United States. Twitter‘s platform for direct communication between politicians and citizens provides a unique opportunity to present their ideas, thoughts, arguments, and suggestions. Twitter‘s decision to suspend political advertising at the end of 2019 and the subsequent ban on Donald Trump‘s profile in early 2021 have provoked polarizing reactions inside and outside the country. Analyzing Twitter‘s motives, the president‘s response, and the leg framework of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, this study examines the implications of the ban on modern American democracy and the resulting negatives.
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The line: “Good artists copy; great artists steal”, was attributed to Pablo Picasso and appropriated by Steve Jobs in a way in 1995. It is the basis of many of the aesthetic and artistic endeavors that engage modern technology. The long and complicated way of the new level of this art was inspired by the future as a human dimension or a framed mind: a blind point of view. Video art and experimental film are only the harbingers of the coming with fanfare reality at the same time when humanity and machines shall be under a common denominator in all aspects of our well-known life. Perhaps, it would be the virtual recipe for our information technology existence or the long-awaited immortality. Let us embrace each other! The new media art is at risk: of ignorance, true non-understanding of its history about the inherited features of protoforms, semantic markers, and sensitive and multi-visual concepts embedded in their creative code. This deficit requires knowledge of the “alphabet” of the conventional to “break it down”, and, in turn, understand, respect, control, or improve it. The warm breath behind us… The Fifth Information Revolution is more than palpable under the rule of digital natives. Only if we could appreciate the chronotype power, then we could rule free will. It is just a matter of waves, digital frequencies, and certain DNA art affiliations.
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The present study aims to analyze the regional identity through the national airwaves. To achieve this, several research tasks are set: to study the television broadcast of the show “Bulgaria in 60 minutes” daily; to set basic indicators – the author used television, topic, and result, which are used to form the television policies for the realization of the regional identity on national air; to compare four weeks of the transmission according to the set indicators, concluding for the period. The present study includes an analysis of the regional television policies implemented in the thematic areas of the program “Bulgaria in 60 Minutes” on BNT 1. Television regional policies of BNT historically present the regional programs of the Bulgarian National Television, presenting the main changes over the years. The analysis traces the used genres and the thematic distribution of the journalistic materials by regions in the only TV show in which news and stories from the country are presented.
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The image of the Bulgarian politician can be viewed as contradictory in the last three decades. The same people from the political scene in Bulgaria are subject to both enormous support and sharp criticism. To study the attitudes of the Bulgarian society, an empirical study was conducted, in which 325 people participated. The objects of the research are psycho-social predispositions of the qualities that a politician must possess to enjoy a positive image among Bulgarian voters. The results show a clear clash between traditional values and modern views. However, progressive responses still prevail. For most of the respondents, characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, marital status, religion, sexual orientation, and other external characteristics are not relevant. The study found that the most important quality a politician must possess is honesty.
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The year 2008 officially marked the beginning for blockchain technology with the Bitcoin whitepaper and since then there have been multiple stages of development, which bring new challenges to existing centralized institutional architecture, constructed by learning from challenging historical events. Blockchain essentially allows now a new decentralised way of transferring value, having at its core data, which has become the new “digital gold”. The more data is generated by transferring value on a national and international level, the higher the priority to analyse it, based on relevant criteria linked to cyber security, money laundering, terrorist financing, sanctions evasion, as well as special operations. The transfer of value across blockchains increased with the Russian invasion in Ukraine, facilitating illicit activity, which requires, as an urgent matter, the establishment of an organised framework for holistic blockchain data analysis, considering the impact on national security and financial stability.
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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether the proxy policy used by Iran brought to it benefits, as well as its impact on the Iranian military industry. The research methods used are the analysis of the armed conflicts Iran has taken part in, as well as observing the evolution of the implementation of its policy of using proxy forces and its effects on the Iranian military industry
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The European Union has traditionally not been a major military player, and the impact of BREXIT has further diminished its potential influence as a hard power actor. Originally conceived as a political and economic partnership with a focus on a large free common market, the EU did not prioritize security and defence as core objectives. Rather, its efforts in this realm centred on state and capacity building of traditional partners. In this paper, we argue that in recent years, despite a general perception blaming a bureaucratic slow advance, the EU has made significant progress in developing military capabilities and enhancing defence cooperation, spurred by the conflict in Ukraine.
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Generation Z, the first demographic cohort born in the 21st century, brings with it unique attitudes, approaches and characteristics to military careers in the Romanian Armed Forces. This article examines how this generation is adapting to the demands of the military institution and contributing to its development, as well as the specific challenges and opportunities it faces. Generation Z is characterised by familiarity and intense use of advanced technology and the integration of emerging technology into the specific activities and missions of the military is essential to attract, motivate and retain these young military personnel in the military system, while maintaining flexibility, diversity and transparency within the military institution. At the same time, tailoring professional assessment to objectives and criteria is a key issue for the effective assessment and development of the potential of Generation Z military leaders. As technology plays an important role in the evolution of the military organization but cannot completely replace human skills and authentic leadership, Generation Z is required to develop strategic skills, the ability to communicate clearly, make pragmatic decisions and manage stressful situations
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The balance of power in strategic nuclear capabilities between the major global nuclear nation-states remains a consistent element in the dynamic of the contemporary international system of security relations. Within the expanding paradigm of adversarial relations, the qualitative and quantitative indicators of nuclear arsenals have shifted from a state of relative parity, defined by the Cold War and early post-Cold War era nuclear treaty regime, to an evolving state of disparity and uncertainty, degrading the global security environment. Within the following paper and within the systems theoretical approach towards understanding the international system of relations, the main systemic instruments in the provision of qualitative and quantitative limitations of nuclear arsenals will be defined. The paper will examine historical notions and examples of arms control and limitation instruments introduced in the contemporary era of the international system spanning from the beginning of the 20th century. Based on the established principles in the international system, the paper will then define and categorise the different instruments. The paper will also provide an overall estimation of the applicability of the listed systemic instruments to the current and future state of affairs in the strategic nuclear balance. Finally, the paper will seek to provide conclusions for the current and future national security priorities of the Republic of Bulgaria within the topics of both fostering approaches towards a state of deterrence, but also in assessing the risks and threats in the context of uncontrolled rearmament of nuclear powers.
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During the Cold War, the Soviet Union forced Finland to adapt to the Soviet Union’s foreign policy and prohibited any public criticization about the policy the Soviet Union. Finland also did not have the opportunity to become a member of Western cooperation organizations, such as the EEC or NATO. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, conditions changed, and Finland decided to join the European Union in 1995. Finland still remained outside of NATO, while other Eastern European countries that had been occupied by or under pressure from the Soviet Union quickly applied for NATO membership. The decisive turn did not happen until February 2022, when Russia launched a large-scale attack against Ukraine. Finland submitted a membership application in May 2022 and was quickly accepted as a NATO member in April 2023.
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We live in a dynamic, aggressive and competitive world, embedded in a dependent society by increasingly complex information, where social relations are redefined by technology, mainly. Contemporary conflicts are followed, at the informational level, by intense hybrid confrontations, according to increasingly sophisticated psycho-behavioral and technological standards.
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This paper explores the concept of cognitive warfare within the framework of hybrid warfare. Hybrid warfare, which combines conventional and unconventional instruments of power, has gained attention due to the rise of non-state actors and new technologies; cognitive warfare is a critical component of it, focusing on shaping public opinion, sowing disinformation, and creating chaos. It weaponizes public opinion to influence policies and destabilize institutions. The paper discusses how cognitive warfare takes advantage of media platforms, social media, and search engines to manipulate perceptions and emotions, emphasizing the vulnerability of modern society to cognitive attacks due to reliance on technology. The paper also explores NATO's response to cognitive warfare and its efforts to develop a conceptual framework and mitigation measures. It highlights the role of Human Intelligence(HUMINT) in dealing with various sources of information and the relevance of the cognitive dimension in HUMINT operations, at the level of HUMINT professionals. The NATO HUMINT COE's role in addressing cognitive competencies in HUMINT training is highlighted, as a best practice in promoting awareness and resilience
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