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EXAMINING THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF A MALAYSIAN RELEVANCE OF SCIENCE EDUCATION (MROSE) QUESTIONNAIRE USING PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (PLS-SEM)

Author(s): Lay Yoon Fah,Khar Thoe Ng,Khoo Chwee Hoon,Chan Sane Hwui / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research is aimed to validate an instrument, the Malaysian version of ROSE or MROSE to gauge Malaysian secondary students’ interests, attitudes, values, and priorities in S&T-related issues. Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling approach was used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the instrument. The internal consistency reliability (composite reliability and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient), convergent validity (Average Variance Extracted), and discriminant validity (cross loadings, Fornell-Larcker criterion, and Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio) for each individual item of the instrument were being assessed.

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ONE CHEMISTRY - TWO MEANINGS. SCIENCE AND EDUCATION: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ROLES, PRESENTATION AND APPLICATIONS

Author(s): Todar Lakhvich / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The comparative analysis of different meanings of Chemistry is carried out, taking in account philosophical, didactic, psychological and socio-cultural aspects. The issue is discussed in terms of the concurrent existence of two different subsystems referred both to Science and Education which can be found in presentations of chemistry knowledge. The study overviews researcher’s findings made in the field of Science Philosophy and Chemistry Didactics. Theoretical study based on profound concepts from Science and Chemistry philosophy as well on few empiric researches carried out by researcher in the field of Chemistry Didactics.

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PRIMARY SCHOOL FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS’ ECOLOGICAL ATTITUDE DIAGNOSTICS

Author(s): Vincentas Lamanauskas,Dalia Augienė / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Ecological attitude education in primary school is both important and special. That way fundamental moral values of a young person are formed. Every day increasing ecological problems become much more diverse. It is important to develop a man able to perceive the current ecological situation and able to live in a harmonious interaction with nature. It is sought that ethical, aesthetical, psychological, juridical person’s relationship with nature would become the criterion of culture. The formation of a positive relationship with the surrounding world, the environment remains a very significant element of education in a primary school. It is hopeful that the attitudes with respect to nature formed at this ontogenesis stage will remain for the whole life. In this context, it is very important to appropriately diagnose the current attitude structure and on the basis of diagnostics correspondingly organise the education process. In April 2019 a pilot research was carried out, in which 127 primary school fourth class students took part.It was stated that in the attitude structure of this age children, the aesthetic attitude was prevalent. The last according to the ranking was the ethical attitude. Correspondingly, in the second position was the cognitive, and in the third – the pragmatic one.

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STUDENTS’ NATURAL SCIENCE CONTEST: TASK ANALYSIS IN THE ASPECT OF KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING

Author(s): Rita Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

National contest “Lithuanian naturalist” 1st -2nd form students’ team (15) performed task (from animate nature and people’s living environment sphere) analysis was carried out. The attention was paid to students’ natural science knowledge and understanding. The research was grounded on the attitude that this contest as a non-formal education form is an effective device because it contributes to natural science education quality in primary school: 1) develops primary school students’ natural science literacy; 2) makes possibilities for teachers to reflect on their experience and proposes ideas for the education process improvement; 3) for students – future primary school teachers – provides a possibility to acquire new experience (task creation, conducting theoretical and practical parts of the contest, preparation of evaluation instructions, students’ work evaluation).

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TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS UNETHICAL USE OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Author(s): Liliana Mâță,Roxana Maria GHIAȚĂU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of research is to explore the attitudes of university teachers towards the use of mobile technologies and to explore their perception of the ethical aspects related to the integration of new technologies. There was applied a questionnaire with closed-ended and open-ended questions. The results of this research highlight university teachers' positive attitudes towards the use of mobile technologies in higher education. These technologies become pedagogical tools in higher education with multiple valences on teacher professional learning.

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MEASURING ATTITUDES OF BIOLOGY TEACHERS TOWARDS INTERNET

Author(s): Liliana Mâță,Ionuț Stoica / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main aim of the research was to identify the attitude of pre-service and in-service Biology teachers towards the use of the Internet. In this research, the Internet Attitude Scale has been applied, a validated and standardized instrument. The scale was applied to 210 Biology teachers, of whom 155 are pre-service teachers and 55 are in-service teachers in secondary and high schools from Romanian education. The research results indicated the existence of positive attitudes of pre-service and in-service Biology teachers to the educational use of the Internet.

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KNOWLEDGE-BASED APPROACH TO ADAPTIVE SELECTION OF EQUIPMENT FOR TEACHING ROBOTICS

Author(s): Tetiana Mazurok,Volodymyr Chernykh / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Innovations and progress in teaching, introduction of new academic disciplines in the curricula, changes in the paradigm of school education in Ukraine, the search for innovative tools, techniques and teaching methods, especially teaching STEAM create a good basis for teaching robotics.However, the organization of classes in robotics requires the creation of a special educational ecosystem, which important element is the technical base (equipment). It is not a secret, that administrative staff who sometimes even do not have required experience in technology are often engaged in the procurement of equipment and its selection. The current study was conducted to solve this problem, as well as to create a universal recommendation for creating an appropriate ecosystem for teaching roboticsAs part of the study, the task was to develop a prototype of an expert decision-making system for selecting of an appropriate equipment and zoning of a classroom (ICR) for conducting classes in robotics. Knowledge-oriented approach was used to create the prototype.

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A TUTOR’S PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCES OF TUTORING IN A SCIENCE TEACHER EDUCATION MODULE

Author(s): Msizi Mbali,Angela James / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Student tutoring in innovative teaching and learning practices promotes personal and professional learning. Experiential learning theory underpins this research. An interpretive, qualitative approach and narrative strategy with purposive sampling was used. The tutor narrative accounts of tutoring the Research and Service-Learning module in Biological Science Education were compiled from a reflective diary, coordinator - tutor discussions and tutor notes. The qualitative data were analysed using descriptive content analysis. The tutor’s self-confidence, language competence, understanding and application of research and Service-Learning and engagements with students were greatly improved.

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EFFECTIVENESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION OF MATHEMATICAL SKILLS IN CHILDREN IN RURAL AND URBAN PRESCHOOLS

Author(s): Stanisława Nazaruk,Joanna Marchel / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of the research was to determine whether geometric skills of the children in rural preschools are at the same level as those of their peers in urban preschools. The research included 352 preschool-age children (5 to 7 years old) residing in Poland, both in cities and the countryside.The measurements were carried out in the Biała Podlaska Laboratory of Psycho-Motor Skills. A SensoMotoric Instrument (SMI) eye tracking device and the i ViewX platform registering data with a frame rate of 250 Hz were used. The device has a special measurement system which tracks and records eye movements in a sequence and at a pace of an analyzed person. With a view to demonstrate the differences between the correctness of task performance and the place of residence of the children, a Pearson’s Chi-squared test was performed. To evaluate the differences in the time of task execution, a single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Student’s t-test for independent samples were employed. In all of the analyzed cases, the level of statistical significance adopted was p=.05. The results of the research conducted on the studied group of children show that there are differences in the level of geometric skills between the children in rural and urban areas. It was established that a crucial factor which affected both the geometric knowledge and skills of the preschoolers were the place of residence, the age at which they started learning, and the duration of preschool education.

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INFLUENCE OF PIAGET'S THEORY ON CONVINCING EXPERTS ABOUT THE DIFFICULTIES IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENTIFIC TERMS BY CHILDREN

Author(s): Małgorzata Nodzyńska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In formal education, the teaching of natural sciences begins when children are about 12 years old. Teachers justify this with the difficulty and abstraction of concepts in these sciences, and they refer to the theory of child development by Piaget. However, numerous examples from everyday life, from non-formal education, analysis of the difficulties of individual terms as well as research in the field of mathematics and didactics of chemistry show that it is possible to teach natural science at lower stages of education.

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METACOGNITIVE INCIDENTS MANIFESTED BY STUDENTS OF YOUTH AND ADULT EDUCATION IN AN INVESTIGATIVE ACTIVITY

Author(s): Giovanni Scataglia Botelho Paz,Solange W. Locatelli / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Practices that take into account youth and adult education (YAE) are still rare in the literature. The present work applied an investigative activity with YAE students from the last year of middle education, in the discipline of sciences, about the methods of construction of science and tests of variables. From the categorization of metacognitive incidents used, it was verified that the stimulus to the argumentation that the investigative activity potentiated was fundamental for the students to conclude the activity successfully.

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EUROPEAN AUGMENTED REALITY TRAINING NEEDS

Author(s): Lukáš Richterek,Jan Říha / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The report of AROMA project (AROMA project consortium, 2018) summarizes a detailed study performed within project partner countries (Belgium, Czech Republic, Greece, Malta, Romania, Spain and Sweden) aimed at identifying the training needs connected with augmented reality technology (AR) and entrepreneurial skills and mapping an awareness about the AR technology. For the project, the research also serves as a first step to identify gaps that need to be addressed to offer a holistic syllabus integrating AR with selected skills and competencies.

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ASSESSMENT IN CADETS’ TECHNOLOGY COURSE

Author(s): Antti Rİssanen,Kalle Saastamoinen / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In many technology related courses in addition to the new content, previously learned knowledge about science and science related supportive tools are simultaneously studied. In the field of applied sciences, the aim is to apply technology applications derived from these scientific methods and models to the operating environment. From the point of view technical disciplines in cadets’ education are important but narrow in scope, so there is a need to look for solutions that meet the educational goals of the local community. In this research, it is considered to build a broader assessment, to support learning to be motivating, and also to guide teachers at their work. This empirical research consists of findings from three successive courses in the sensor technology education for cadets. Examination structure is analyzed according to the test scoring and student success. As a conclusion, a course of specific mix of quiz can be recommended. Moreover, the principles of the presented form-based test are transferable to electronic assessment environments.

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COMBINED MEASURES OF STUDENTS' SUCCESS: RECENT TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN SCIENCE EDUCATION RESEARCH

Author(s): Dušica D. Rodić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Besides measures of students’ performances, a valid assessment of students’ efficiency in a teaching process should also include measures of invested mental effort. The research presented herein covers several approaches in measuring students’ mental effort including 5, 7 and 9-point Likert type scales, time on task, as well as eye tracking technique which in combination with performance measures provide valid information on students’ success. Results of the research showed good correlation between mental effort assessed by 7 and 5-point Likert type scales and students’ performance, while the use of the 9-point scale showed a low degree of correlation, thus recommending the use of a scales with 5 and 7 points for educational purposes over 9-point scales. The research presented herein illustrates how eye tracking can be used to support the evaluation of invested mental effort. Additionally, this method enabled the identification of some student difficulties in the analyzed area – Stereochemistry.

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STUDENTS’ ABILITIES OF READING IMAGES IN GENERAL CHEMISTRY: THE CASE OF REALISTIC, CONVENTIONAL AND HYBRID IMAGES

Author(s): Tamara N. Rončević,Željka Đ. Ćuk,Dušica D. Rodić,Mirjana Segedinac,Saša A. Horvat / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research deals with students’ abilities to read chemistry textbook images about dispersed systems. Secondary school students were included as the research participants, and their abilities to propose the titles of the realistic, conventional, and hybrid textbook images about dispersed systems, were analyzed. Additionally, their written interpretations about images contents were also analyzed. The collected data provided information about students’ misunderstandings about dispersed systems. These misunderstandings, some of which are the original outcome of this research, provided the significant results. In addition, it was found that students had the most difficulties with reading realistic textbook images. Namely, they relied on what they literally saw on the realistic image (i.e. photography) without providing proper connection with chemical contents about dispersed systems.

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ENGINEERING PEDAGOGY SCIENCE AS THE CONTEMPORARY BASIS FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING

Author(s): Tiia Rüütmann / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study is introducing the basic principles of Engineering Pedagogy Science for effective design, teaching and learning of science, technology and engineering. The basic didactical models are introduced for contemporary design of effective teaching and learning. A quadruple instruction model of Engineering Pedagogy Science is proposed, integrating the principles of Behaviourism, Cognitivism, Social Constructivism and Humanism on the basis of didactic model of Engineering Pedagogy Science.

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TEACHING SYSTEMS THAT CAN MIMIC DIFFERENT TEACHING-LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS

Author(s): Kalle Saastamoinen,Antti Rİssanen / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Conventional learning guidance systems are typically automated machines for creating teaching materials: quizzes, exercises, examinations etc. In the future, systems will also offer ease of use, attention to sociality, ability to adapt to the pupil's needs and skill levels, and time savings.Ease-of-use and adaptation can be sought using systems based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). Chatbots would save teachers time by talking with students about their problems automatically. The virtual classroom would release people from the physical state and offer the opportunity to play with different roles. For the teaching of physics, the virtual classroom provides an opportunity to try out things that are not practically possible. AI could enable automatically identify students’ strengths and weaknesses and utilize them. On the other hand, AI also could allow pupils to gain strength through peer learning by bringing students of the same level from all over the world to discuss their own views and could automatically filter out sub-standard and clearly false answers. AI can also be capable of automatically creating tailor-made materials based on student-level learning using deep learning. Finally, AI can also be used to treat pupils' reviews to a large extent. In this research we will evaluate how well new technology powered by AI could respond to the demands of different teaching-learning environments.We will present a learning system that is in use and discuss its differences between opportunities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can support different teaching-learning environments and discuss little how AI could support different learning styles.

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THE STUDENTS’ OPINIONS TOWARD INTERACTIVE LECTURES

Author(s): Timur Sadykov,Hana Čtrnáctová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research purpose was to create and test the interactive lectures for lower secondary schools based on the characteristics of interactive ICT-supported education. First verification was carried out in the December 2018 on specialized school-board information technologies in Karaganda (Kazakhstan). The sample included two of eighth grade classes chosen, in total 26 respondents participated. The students’ opinions toward interactive lectures in this study were tested using simple questionnaire survey. The results showed that more than 70 % of the students enjoy working in an interactive environment and this positively affects their opinions towards the subject.

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INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIORS AS MOTIVATION, TASK COMMITMENT, AND LEADERSHIP EXHIBITED BY SCIENCE GIFTED STUDENTS AT SCIENCE GIFTED EDUCATION CENTER AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION

Author(s): Hae-Ae Seo,Jae-Ho Sim / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research aimed to explore characteristics of individual behaviors as motivation, task commitment, and leadership exhibited by science gifted students at enrichment program in science gifted education center. Results showed that motivation was highest at introduction stage, but decreased as lessons progressed. Task commitment and leadership tended to increase from planning and conducting stages. Leadership was highest at discussion stage. Each student exhibited different sequences of behavioral characteristics along lesson stages. It was called for planning individually differentiated instructional strategies.

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASSESSMENT TOOL FOR POSITIVE EXPERIENCES ABOUT SCIENCE (PES)

Author(s): Youngjoon Shin,Hae-Ae Seo,Jun-Euy Hong / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This research aimed to develop an assessment tool for students’ Positive Experiences about Science (PES). A preliminary version of PSE was developed through literature review, consisting of academic emotion, self-concept, learning motivation, career aspiration, and attitude in science. A pilot test was conducted with 198 students and a main test was then conducted with 1,841 students. The PES test found to have good validity and reliability. There were significant (p<.05) differences by students’ grade, gender, and participation in science activities.

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