BALKAN CULTURAL STUDIES PUBLISHED IN ÉTUDES BALKANIQUES (2014 – 2023)

Author(s): Gergana Doncheva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The text summarizes a corpus of articles in the field of Balkan Cultural Studies published in the journal Études balkaniques during the period 2014 – 2023. In view of the plethora of topics and methodological approaches, the review is structured in three main categories covering the following areas: Literature and Cultural Relations, Theatre and Cinema, Visual Culture. The text outlines the general tendencies and contributions observed in the above-mentioned publications.

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 211, 16-30. april

Author(s): Nebojša Popov,Dragica Stanojlović,Mirko Đorđević,Dragoš Ivanović,Živoslav Miloradović,Lidija Jovetić,Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Ljubo Ristovski,Hannah Arendt,Isidora Sekulić,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević,Nenad Dimitrijević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 211/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 210, 1-15. april

Author(s): Nebojša Popov,Dragica Stanojlović,Dragoš Ivanović,Olivija Rusovac,Zoja Jovanov,Radovan Kupres,Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Lidija Jovetić,Čedomir Čupić,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević,Ljubomir Madžar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 210/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 207, 16-28. februar

Author(s): Mirko Tepavac,Dušan Mojsin,Zoja Jovanov,Gazo Pašić,Dragoš Ivanović,Siniša Stanković,Branka Vuković,Dimitrije Drašković,Olivija Rusovac,Miroslav B. Mladenović,Mirko Đorđević,Ana Ilić,Jelašin Sinovec,Vasilije Popović,Svetozar Mužijević,Gordana Perunović Fijat,Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Lidija Jovetić,Nebojša Popov,Olga Zirojević,Milan Prodanović,Jovan Despotović,Edward Deutsch,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 207/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina XI (1999), Broj 206, 1-15. februar

Author(s): Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Nebojša Popov,Dragoš Ivanović,Olivija Rusovac,Dušan Mojsin,Nada Mijatović,Mirko Đorđević,Zoja Jovanov,Lidija Jovetić,Olga Popović-Obradović,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević,Nikola Tucić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 206/1999

REPUBLIKA Godina X (1998), Broj 204-205, 1-31. januar 1999.

Author(s): Bojan Al Pinto Brkić,Zoja Jovanov,Dragoš Ivanović,Zoran Ćirić,Gordana Perunović Fijat,Olivija Rusovac,Dragan Kekić,Smilja Poučki,Zlatoje Martinov,Edward Deutsch,Mirko Đorđević,Milan Prodanović,Živorad Tasić,Dragan Babić,Momčilo Kovačević,Antonin J. Liehm,Lidija Jovetić,Danilo N. Basta,Vladimir V. Vodinelić,Nikola Petrović,Vladimir N. Cvetković,Honoré De Balzac,Alexander Kiesewetter,Nastasja Radović,Miodrag Stanisavljević,Miroslav Hadžić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 204-205/1998

Съвременното изкуство като феномен в ерата на аксиологична несигурност

Author(s): Nikolina Deleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

Contemporary art is in a state of value collapse, which is the result of different factors: the process of art and reality becoming one, the influence of information technologies, globalization, and commoditization. On the one hand, the globalizing world finds it increasingly difficult to find intersections, which makes it impossible to establish collective and shared values and norms, and on the other hand, voluntary living in simulated informational realities breaks the connection with reality, leading to living instead in the giant simulacrum of hyperreality. The universal commoditization and the turning of art into a fetish create an anti-cultural situation in which there are no areas left outside of monetary exchange. All these factors influence the erosion of artistic values. The final stage of this process is sacralization through destruction and immortalization through the annihilation of the work of art.

За фантастичното/вълшебното в приказния свят на Николай Райнов: издигане над човешкото и завръщане към него

Author(s): Tatyana Batuleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The article examines the dual nature of the fantastic and the magical in the fairy-tale world of Nikolay Raynov. On the one hand, it thrives in a universe completely different from reality. But, on the other hand, it is not a refusal to accept the human situation but rather a way to enrich this situation. The human is situated on the horizon of an ethical imperative that predetermines the fate of the characters. It stands to reason that authorization is a step from magical to fantastical. Parallels have been sought both with Propp's morphology and with Bettelheim's psychoanalytic optics. The existential choice of the heroes turns them into warriors of light and bearers of light, which, as a manifestation of the divine in man, is a key concept in the philosophical, theosophical, and artistic works of the prominent Bulgarian classic.

REPUBLIKA Godina X (1998), Broj 200, 1-15. novembar

Author(s): Vladimir Fyodorov,Olga Zirojević,Božidar Šević,Živica Predojev,Branko Komadina,Dušan Dejanac,Jovan Gvero,Dragomir Vlaisavljević,Tibor Šebek / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 200/1998

Glasnik Saveza slobodnih gradova Srbije (1998), broj 19

Author(s): Olga Zirojević,Milan Prodanović,Radoje Stefanović,Slavica Vučković,Irina Subotić,Ksenija Petovar,Ivana Stevanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 198-199/1998

REPUBLIKA Godina X (1998), Broj 197, 16-30. septembar

Author(s): Konstantin Obradović,Nebojša Popov,Zoran M. Marković,Dragoš Ivanović,Vasilije Popović,Mirko Đorđević,Svetozar Mužijević,Eduard Dajč,Milivoj Despot,Vera Vujošević,Ljubiša Vujošević,Ana Ilić,Adam Mihnik,Đorđe Pavićević,Jovan Despotović,Olga Zirojević,Olivija Rusovac,Miodrag Stanisavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 197/1998

Предизвикателствата пред българската образователна система в постсоциалистическия период

Author(s): Boian Koulov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The assessment of the current state of the educational system in Bulgaria does not meet the European and national expectations, based on a number of indicators. The main objective of this research is to compare and analyze the dynamics of the system in the period after the changes of 1989 and based on the revealed trends, to identify and rank its challenges, given their importance for the quality of the social capital, created by the system. Objects of the study are the main elements, including the inputs and outputs of the system of preschool and school education in the country: from ISCED-0 to ISCED-3, according to UNESCO’s International Standard Classification of Education. The author uses official data, comparative analyzes and assessments of the National Statistical Institute, Eurostat and other European institutions, the World Bank, as well as publications by Bulgarian experts. The results disprove the hypothesis that the decrease in the country’s population in the post-socialist period is the main reason for the reduction in the number of schools and teaching staff. Among the most important challenges facing the Bulgarian education system, the problems at the system’s input (the school infrastructure, predominantly, at the MSCO-0 level) stand out, as well as the quantity of basic elements of the system, such as teachers and schools. Emphasis is placed on the geospatial aspect of the ongoing deepening of the identified challenges.

Изкуствен интелект, фотография и права върху интелектуална собственост

Author(s): Liliya Yotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The entry of artificial intelligence (AI) into every area of economic and social life is already a reality. AI image generation and image processing methods have a huge importance and impact in the field of photography. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is a technological advancement and opens up new opportunities to expand the creative spectrum. It can be a powerful tool in the hands of professional photographers, but it can also lead to serious economic crises in the photographic creative industry. Today, it is difficult to tell whether an image is AI generated or created by the usual photographic method using light. This fact contributes to the increase of so-called “fake news” and creates a parallel virtual reality. The article examines the intersections between traditional photographic images and AI, but especially actual questions related to intellectual property in this field. By using the methodology of documentary analysis, current problems have been examined and possible solutions have been proposed.

В НОВИТЕ БРОЕВЕ НА СПИСАНИЯТА НА ,,АЗ-БУКИ“ ЧЕТЕТЕ

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

Пътища за демографско възстановяване на Източния дял на Горнотракийската низина през XV–XVI век

Author(s): Stefan Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

In these studies, with the help of unpublished Ottoman tax registers from the group of tapu tahrir defterleri, stored in the funds of the Ottoman Archives in the city of Istanbul, the question of the ways of demographic recovery of the settlements in the Eastern part of the Upper Thracian Lowland in the period 15th – 16th c., a consequence of the military actions conducted in the area in previous centuries. For the realization of the set goal, in addition to the mentioned Ottoman Turkish documents, the achievements of modern historiography on these problems were also used. It was established that the region suffered greatly from the military actions in the period of the 12th – 14th c. At the end of the 15th c., the demographic crisis was overcome as a result of the settled slaves, freed slaves, representatives of various nomadic groups, population from the areas of military actions and the voluntary or forcibly resettled population from other parts of the Ottoman Empire. Examples of both Muslim to- non-Muslim and Christian-to-Christian slavery are presented.

За съдбата на немюсюлманското население от Централния дял на Дунавската равнина и Предбалкана по време на Дългата война (1593–1606)

Author(s): Krastyo Yordanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

This article aims to elucidate the demographic consequences of the military campaigns led by the Wallachian voivode Mihai Viteazul south of the Danube River, as well as the possible events that took place during the First Tarnovo Uprising of 1598. The main sources used for comparison are the timar register of the Nikopol sanjak from 1579 and the two cizye registers from 1599–1602, which detail the non-Muslim taxpayers in the Nikopol and Tarnovo vilayets. The research method involves comparing data from different years across two or more registers, a preferred approach in previous ethno-demographic studies. This comparison allows for the calculation of population numbers and changes over time. The records clearly indicate significant demographic shocks in the regions of Oryahovo, Nikopol, and Pleven, with many villages and towns that flourished in 1579 becoming severely depopulated. The author attributes these changes to the devastation and population displacement caused by Mihai Viteazul’s 1598 campaign. According to the cizye register of the Tarnovo vilayet, drawn up shortly after the events of 1598, the total number of non-Muslim households in the Tarnovo region slightly increased in 1599–1600 compared to the 1579 timar register. This finding supports the notion that the First Tarnovo Uprising was not widespread and did not cause significant demographic upheavals, which would be expected in the case of a major uprising and subsequent Ottoman reprisals.

Анатол Анчев. Превъплъщения (Притчи за изначалото). София: Издателска къща „Тип-топ прес“, 2022

Author(s): Angelina Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Book review

СЪВРЕМЕННО РАЗВИТИЕ НА АНТРОПОГЕОГРАФИЯТА

Author(s): Petar Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 11/2015

Anthropogeography is one of major branches in modern geography. Emerged at the end of 19th century in German geography, today it is wide spread in all geographic schools, though with different names: Anthropogeographie/Humangeographie, human geography, geografia humana, geographie humaine, социально-экономическая география, общественная география and so on. A plenty of definitions exists about its research subject: space-man relations, spatial organization of human actions, and spatial organization of society. In anthropology it is a branch dealing with geographic distribution of human beings. Anthropogeography went several periods of development depending on domination of leading paradigms, concepts and approaches. Accordingly an attempt will be made in this study to define the most important paradigms, respectively periods of modern anthropogeography: geodeterministic; spatial-scientific; possibilism; cultural landscape; functional phase; phase of social geography; scientism approach to economic and social geography; phase of behavior and decision making approaches; humanistic geography; qualitative social geography; oriented to action paradigm and so on.

АНТРОПОГЕОГРАФИЯТА, НОВАТА ГЕОГРАФИЯ НА ИКОНОМИКАТА И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕНОТО РАЗВИТИЕ НА СЕЛИЩНАТА МРЕЖА

Author(s): Maria Shishmanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 11/2015

The study draws on contemporary views of anthropogeography and offers some new treatments on its interpretation and development. It presents the basis and superstructure of the new geography of the economy and the related changes in the spatial development of the settlement network and cultural landscapes. These changes form also the regional problems of society. From this perspective, anthropogeography may be deemed to form the regional geography of human society. The study examined the uneven distribution of population on the territory, the reasons for such distribution and its social, economic, demographic and cultural issues in relation to existing geographical environment and resources necessary to carry out policies. Analyzed through this prism anthropogeography is the science of humans forming their economic, social, ecological living environment, which should be managed so as to be sustainable over time and space.

ДРЕВНОТО ЕВРАЗИЙСКО ЕТНИЧЕСКО ПРОСТРАНСТВО И ДОЛЕН ДЕСЕН ДУНАВ КАТО ЕТНОГЕНЕТИЧНА ЗОНА

Author(s): Petar Petrov,Boris Kazakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 11/2015

The article represents an attempt to outline thе areas in Eurasia, where the landscape and environment conditions supposedly were the most optimal for the development of ancient human communities of different ranks, including ancient human civilizations. By analyzing the contemporary natural and climatic conditions, as well as through paleo-landscapei reconstructions of the region of the Danube Valley (Lower Right Danube), a hypothesis of the existence of optimal living conditions for growth of the human population in this part of the Balkans and Europe is proposed, which area therefore is referred to as "ethnogenetic zone”.