Възникване на модела за анатомично онагледяване „Екорше“ в обучението на медици и художници през епохата на Ренесанса

Author(s): Metodiy Angelov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2016

During the Renaissance in Italy, on the one hand, the physicians recognize the need for a practical study of human anatomy for the needs of medicine, and on the other hand, in the artists and sculptors arises the need to master the realistic portrayal of man. One of the means of achieving this objective is the knowledge of science anatomy, in particular – of the musculoskeletal system of man. The article deals with cooperation between artists and anatomists in this era, led to a number of discoveries in the anatomical illustration for scientific and didactic purposes of the muscular and skeletal systems and the emergence of a new model for anatomical illustration, called “Ecorche.” Outlined are the contributions of Leonardo da Vinci for anatomical visualization and prerequisites, which he created with his research in the field of anatomy, the emergence of a new model. It is noted that for centuries this model strongly influenced the teaching of anatomy, both painters and sculptors, as well as the medics, especially anatomists and surgeons. Presented are the most important authors, writings and illustrations (incl. statues) type “Ecorche” of those times that have affected anatomical editions over the next centuries. There is analyzed and commented upon the style of anatomical illustrations with figures “Ecorche” of the emblematic artists of the Renaissance and educational objectives that are placed through them.

Възможности на работодателите за подготовка на персонала

Author(s): Vyara Gyurova,Lubov Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The article presents opportunities for employers to organize the staff teaching by using legislation in support of employability and staff’s qualification, out-of firms teaching organizations, as well as in-service on the work place training. The experience of the State enterprise “German-Bulgarian VET Center” is presented as one of the best teaching organization in Bulgaria, with high quality of the offered educational services. The conditions and technologies of the construction of one internal Center for in-firm staff teaching are outlined as a factor for keeping the human resources quality and competitiveness of the firm.

К. Г. Юнг на български – другият поглед към съвременната хуманитаристика

Author(s): Rumen Shivachev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The article reflects on the Swiss scientist translations’ influence on Bulgarian humanities. A short flashback revealing some Bulgarian writers’ Jungian appreciation of literature is constructed. Outlined is doctor Krustev – Karl Jung relation through Wundt and German philosophical, aesthetical and psychological school of the second half of the XIX th century. The text mentions the neglect of psychoanalytical methodology in Bulgarian literature and humanities, started by the “Misal” journal founder. Attention is payed to Yavorov’s poem “Nosht” (Night) as a productive object of psychoanalytical research. Mentioned are also some Bulgarian authors form different generations to whose works this methodology proves to be very productive.

Музикален фолклор от Казанлъшко в публикувани източници и ръкописи

Author(s): Diana Danova-Damyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

After the study of fieldwork research data (texts and phonograms) from more than 50 settlements in Kazanlak Valley gathered from the late 19th century to the 1980s and preserved at the Musical Phono-archive of the Institute of Art Studies at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences the author was further provoked to find additional examples from the region in other sources.Without pretending to fully exhaust the theme, the text reviews the different collections (published and unpublished) which contain folk music from Kazanlak region – both collections dedicated to various settlements in Kazanlak Valley and collections from the wider geographic and music dialect region of Thrace containing among others examples from Kazanlak region. The reviewing of these examples in scholarly work (monographs, studies and articles), in published compendia dedicated to musical folklore, in the publications of the local historians, as well as of some archival sources, is the first attempt for a systematic representation of the collection of the folklore treasure of the region in the course of time, as well as of its presentation in different publications.

Фолклор, разказване, религиозност. Юбилеен сборник в чест на Албена Георгиева. Редакционна колегия: Ангелина Илиева, Вихра Баева, Лина Гергова, Мариянка Борисова, Яна Гергова. София: Издателство на БАН „Проф. Марин Дринов“, 2016

Author(s): Vladimir Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Book Review

Образование в партньорство с бизнеса

Author(s): Rositsa Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Домът на литературата: Югославски и постюгославски представи за литературната споделимост

Author(s): Ludmila Mindova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The Home of Literature is a metaphor of the literature and literary community. However, this metaphor is connected with the home obsession in contemporary post-Yugoslavian literatures. After the collapse of the Former Yugoslavia and Bosnian war, the home is one of the constant themes in contemporary literature in all area. We can see that in the poetry of the Bosnian-Slovenian poet Josip Osti, but also in the novels and essays of the famous emigrant writer Dubravka Ugrešić, as well as in the works of Peter Semolič, Miljenko Jergović, Vida Ognjenović, Jasna Koteska etc. The home is often present even in the titles of their works (House of Language by Osti, House of Words by Semolič, The House of Dead Scents by Ognjenović), and what is more important – the home is a counterpart of the literature as a place of the sense in the world that every day loses a part of its sense and good taste. The literary home is not a utopian place, because it is a collective image and it could be the dystopian place as well. We mark that through the works about the prison and concentration camps – The Damned Yard by Ivo Andrić, the novels and stories by Danilo Kiš, Dragoslav Mihailović, Branko Hofman, Miroslav Popović etc. At all events, the literary home is always a place of the reinventing of the sense.

Развиване на комуникативната компетентност чрез интерактивни методи (работа по проект) в обучението по български език V – VII клас

Author(s): Desislava Neykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2016

The text examines the concept of interactive methods linking them in the context of education in Bulgarian language and literature at the lower secondary level (V - VII grade). The suggested working models show how effective is the interaction between the participants in educational communication, which apply different pedagogical practices.

За визуалната и вербалната комуникация в политическата карикатура

Author(s): Dafina Genova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The article studies the visual and verbal communication and their interaction in political cartoons. It analyses the indispensable means of expression the cartoonist uses to convey his/her message such as visual metaphors and metonymies. Visual metaphors and metonymies are analysed from the point of view of Conceptual Metaphor and Metonymy Theory. The author studies the implications arising from the interaction between image, title and text (for the cases when there is title and/or text), as well as the metaphors and implications beyond image, title and text. The main theoretical construct used is the notion of incongruity from the Incongruity Theory of Humour that is extended to verbal and visual metaphor. The notion Logical Mechanism from the General Theory of Verbal Humour is applied in the analysis to (partially) resolve the incongruity/ies. Political cartoons are compared to a joke, a fundamental unit of humour in psychology, cultural anthropology, linguistics, philosophy and sociology. Pictorial representations and text function as contextualization cues to get to the probable cartoonist’s message. The interpretation of political cartoons is open-ended and indeterminate and is dependent on the viewer’s/reader’s general knowledge and his/her familiarity with the genre.

Договор за аренда – обща характеристика. Съпоставка с договора за наем на земеделска земя

Author(s): Brian Zlatev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The present article is aimed at acquainting its readers with the land lease agreement. The work contains a comparison between the land lease agreement and the rental agreement. The text examines Interpretative Decision No. 2/2015 of the Supreme Court of Cassation, as well as a number of other judicial acts of the Supreme Courts.

Име и идентичност – наблюдение върху особеностите на именната система в района на Мики (Мустафчево), Помакохория, Северна Гърция

Author(s): Gergana Tzoneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2018

Today within the Northern Greece still can be heard an old Rhodopy dialect, which is not spoken long ago, even in Bulgaria. Bearers of this language are more than 11 500 inhabitants. The area is known as Western Thrace, West Rhodopes mountain areas of Northern Greece or increasingly popular name Pomakohoriya – i.e. Pomak villages (translated from Greek). The “minority”, as it is called, according to official government terminology, speaks “pomatski”.Common practice today is even separate neighborhoods to be called by the names of their inhabitants. These names are coming often from family names, kinship or paternal (patronims), and differ from the official names and surnames, used from the subjects of the Hellenic Republic.134 Back in time, little more than fifty years, the names were given and chosen in several ways. The most common was the name of grandparents or other close relative of the child – “to do not forget the name” or with the following custom: “Take five-six wooden spoons and assign a name to each, put them in the river and which spoon overtake, give this name of the child. Few days after birth or on the fortieth day, the child is brought to the imam who read him prayer and whispers in his ear three times the name that will bear”.Old, traditional names are only five or six and to distinguish individuals, are used illustrative or household names that often are coming from the kinship name and much less from the official family name. These names are most commonly associated with the name of the father (i.e. middle name) or the mother, the name of the village or the craft of the kinship or the man, so that it cannot be confused easily.For various reasons, mostly health related, the name of the newborn can be changed, which believes to lead the child to better luck and will help his normal growth.Concerning middle (second) names, can be noted that in Pomako¬horiya is observed similar to that process, described by Olga Zirojevic in “Islamization of South Slavic world” of the Balkans. In Bosnia and Herzegovina is not a rare case only the personal name of the newly con¬verted to be Muslim and father’s name to remain the old, like here com¬monly used patronim as a sign of belonging: Ahmet Yusufov – Ahmet, the son of Yusuf, or Djemile Raffia (Rafin) – Djemile, the daughter of Rafia, Mehmetali Hoxha – Mehmetli, the son of the imam (hoxha).Here is how in the real world, we found a different, parallel universe, which has its own laws and rules.

Светите места в село Драгушиново

Author(s): Georgi Zahov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2018

The main aim of the article is to enlist the holy places in the village of Dragushinovo, Samokov area. They are the following: church ‘St. Teodor Tiron’; chapel ‘Holy Spirit’ and the sacred site ‘Krasto’. The church is located in the centre of the village of Dragushinovo. It was sanctified in 1869 and it was dedicated to St. TeodorTiron (Theo¬dore of Amasea). Traditionally, a special crab cake is made on this day. The walls of the church were painted by zograf Mihail Belstoynev from Samokov. The chapel ‘Holy Spirit’ is located on top of peak Dabeto, located two kilometers away from Dragushinovo. The holiday of the Holy Spirit is celebrated by the miners from the area. The sacred site ‘Krasto’ is located on top of the ridge peak. The place marks the spot where an old sacred cross was situated. The local people gathered there to take part in the local fair.

DIGITAL HUMANITIES AND E-COMMERCE: CONSIDERATIONS ON DIGITAL MONOGRAPHS

Author(s): Alessandra Di Tella / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

“Humanities”, “Commerce” and “Monographs” are three terms that have been existed for a very long time. Nowadays, they are often conceptualized in a digital way that implies a radical paradigm shift in their main features. The aim of this article is to investigate the possibility of interaction between digital humanities and e-commerce, through their application to the genre of digital monographs. By “digital monograph” we mean born-digital, long-form, media-rich, scholarly publication, that rejects the print-based form (and so the e-book format) and takes advantage of the methods and tools of digital humanities. In particular, digital monographs re-think the traditional textuality of essays; textuality becomes “liquid” and multimodal. Because of publishing, obsolescence, discoverability, use, evaluation, etc. these products must be hosted on a publishing platform that is suitable for the scholarly needs both of the authors and of the final users. The link with e-commerce arises from the need of the publishers to sell the products of research, especially in countries where the academic publishing system is not based on University Presses but on commercial ones. This study wants to reflect on how the economic logic of profit and cultural logic can coexist in a digital publishing platform: is it possible to overcome the “monograph crisis”? What are the major problems that arise when selling an academic monograph? What business models could be the most suitable for this kind of publication? In what way can a publisher improve customer loyalty? The thesis of this article is that digital enhancement of the monograph plays a key role in its sale. The opportunities offered by the digital humanities, in fact, are not only a matter of format; they are, indeed, what makes the substantial difference in the quality of scientific communication. They enable the authors and the publishers to offer the consumer something that neither the print version, nor the e-book can do. First of all, a digital monograph allows a direct link with primary and secondary sources; secondly, it supports different layers of use and wider accessibility. Moreover, it gives both the author and the reader, the possibility to better represent and understand the complexity of the research and of the methods and tools that are used. On the other hand, this article considers the infrastructure for producing and hosting these products and its importance in the development of a cultural community based on scholarly value creation. These are some of the issues that a digital publishing project needs to consider in order to sell its products and become sustainable. After discussing these questions, this article postulates a possible functioning business model of subscription based on the concept of cultural engagement. The conclusions concern the requirement of an editorial workflow that links together all the phases of production, from the author’s composition to the reader’s purchase.

Корпоративна Коледа: „партито ми е много по-добро от партито ти“

Author(s): Rossitsa Boulgurova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Christmas is often cited as one of the most global and most commercialized holidays. In the social imaginary it is also one of the most family-oriented holidays. Recently Christmas celebrations have become more and more common outside of the family milieu. In the second half of December, numerous Christmas parties are organized and they have become an invariable part of end-of-year celebrations. It is exactly such types of non-family Christmas celebrations that are the object of interest for this text. The article analyses the “Christmas party” phenomenon, based on a series of interviews and on participant observation. These holiday manifestations are freely imbued with various content, with the purpose of affirming group and organizational identities; they are influenced by global tendencies, including the search for an ever more exciting experience and, last but not least, their media reflection in social networks is no less important than what is happening offline.

Memory, Interpretation, Identity

Author(s): Wojciech Kalaga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The article investigates complex relations between memory, interpretation and identity, with special emphasis on the role of memory as a building material and of interpretation as a constructor of human identity. Construed as an ontological condition of subjectivity interpretation seems to be inevitably involved in the workings of memory, both individual and collective. However, the archival model of memory dominant in the Western culture effectively excludes interpretation as a mechanism of (re)constructing memory because it depicts the latter as a stable and unchangeable imprint of an experience. Likewise, the Bergsonian model, which portrays memory as a virtual space, leaves little room for interpretation. It is only when Bergson’s model is supplemented with the pansemiotic vision of C.S. Peirce – or, in other words, when the virtual space is filled with an infinite network of interpretive sign relations – that the inextricable connection between interpretation and memory in shaping human identity becomes theoretically validated.

Медийната власт като основен проблем на Конституцията на Република България

Author(s): Hristina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

The “Fourth power” is associated more with the media, which explain to people what is happening in the respective country. In the modern society this is turning into a problem, because it appears to be a governors tool and in the same time – tool for control over the governors. The only possible solution is to reconsider and describe properly the communication rights in the Bulgarian Constitution. There have to be precisely described the rights for freely expressing personal opinion; for freely browsing, gathering and sharing information; for protecting personal data; for independence of self and for intellectual ownership.

Unfamiliar concepts as an obstacle for critical thinking in public discussions regarding women’s rights issues in Latvia. Reflective thinking in the ‘fake news’ era

Author(s): VEINBERG Sandra / Language(s): English Issue: 22 (2)/2018

In Europe it is now out of the question to express any doubts regarding the prevention of violence against women. The majority of the Latvian population also condemns the physical abuse of women; however, the Istanbul Convention which deals with this matter was not ratified here. A number of factors were at play, the most significant of which was pressure exerted through the direct influence of a campaign that had been organised by opponents of the broadest understanding of human rights. Such pressure was exerted on decision makers (MPs and political parties), with indirect impact on the population via social media and the news media outlets. Campaigns by interest groups which spread opposing views are not unusual in a democratic society; however, in this case there was no discussion between the opposing parties. The public domain was not open to an interaction of views and beliefs based on arguments and critical thinking, as the argument of the opponents rested entirely upon their beliefs, whereas the supporters of the convention relied upon valid proof. This article looks at the reasons behind the failure in terms of group communication to establish a constructive discussion on a topic that was so essential to Latvian society: one which served to combat and eradicate violence against women. It also seeks to establish whether the use of an irrational form of convincing technique contradicts the logic of critical thinking, and whether the emergence of unfamiliar and/or incomprehensible concepts on the agenda of a public discussion may serve to put the brakes on the constructive discussion of women’s rights issues which is so essential today to Latvian society as a whole.

Параметри на Ероса между несъзнаваното и трансценденталното

Author(s): Nevena Krumova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

The text covers the parameters of the Eros in various theories. It refers to its place in Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, as well as the relation between Eros, unconscious and sublimation. It also refers to the meaning of the Philosophical Eros and its place in some metaphysical theories.

Цел и роля на образованието след 16-годишна възраст

Author(s): Phil Budgell / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

In this article, the author compares school education for pupils aged 16 years and over in Bulgaria and England. At the beginning of the article, he looks at the general matrix of the curriculum and the degree of freedom of choice for students. In Bulgaria, the educational model follows the way of training students aged 14 – 16, with limited choice within the profile. In England, on the other hand, there is a significant difference: after 16 years of age, students have the complete freedom to choose which subjects to study.Further, the author focuses on teaching Bulgarian in Bulgaria and English in England to illustrate the different approaches. For this purpose, he uses the Bulgarian language requirements published by the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science and the English language requirements of the Ministry of Education in England.Finally, the author examines the examination process and compares the types of questions that are included in the Bulgarian matriculation in Bulgaria and the types of questions included in the GCS A Level Exams in England.

Проблемът за малките училища

Author(s): Dinko Gospodinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

Small schools are becoming an increasingly tangible issue for the Bulgarian education system. This is the result of the effects of the negative demographic trends. As a relative share they are not less, they are most common in small towns and villages and usually fall into the group of those with low PISA results. The activity of small schools in Bulgaria is related to the existence of a wide range of problems such as diminishing student contingent, financing, material base, quality of education, provision of teachers, the presence in most cases of unfavorable external socio-economic environment, etc. The article briefly reviews the emergence of small school surveys and their main strands. The state of these Bulgarian schools is analyzed and an attempt has been made to outline the main problems in their activities.