Stosunki między mieszkańcami miasta Knyszyna a żołnierzami wojsk koronnych w latach 1650–1651 w świetle ksiąg wójtowskich

Author(s): Łukasz Gołaszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article discusses the relationships between the residents of the town Knyszyn inthe Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the soldiers of the state army quartered in thetown in 1650–51. The surviving excerpts from the records of the municipal court contain awide array of cases (albeit always making use of physical violence) against the townspeople, who made use of soldiers in confl icts with their neighbours. On the other hand, the presenceof soldiers let the townspeople trade with soldiers and their servants, and also levelcertain moral charges against the neighbours. Due to legal complexities, these were notthe soldiers who were summoned to the municipal courts but rather the neighbours who supposedly inspired violent soldier behaviours.

Działalność oświatowa samorządu przemysłowo-handlowego w latach 1929–1939 na przykładzie Izby Przemysłowo-Handlowej w Lublinie

Author(s): Karol Dąbrowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The Chamber of Industry and Commerce in Lublin was established in 1929. It did not run any educational institutions on its own, yet it supported (financially and organisationally) schools in the Voivodeships (regions) of Lublin and Volhynia, especially the Vetter Secondary School for Boys and the Syroczyński School of Crafts and Industry. The Chamber approved draft education acts for the Ministry of Denominations and Public Education, cooperated with Lublin Education Authority, awarded scholarships and grantsfor schools, and delegated its representatives to school councils. An interesting educational project was the psycho-technical laboratory.

The obligation of the municipalities to provide social housing

Author(s): Jarosław R. Antoniuk / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The article discusses the obligation of municipalities to provide social housing, whichwas provided for in the provisions of the Law of 21 June 2001 on the protection of therights of tenants, municipal residential resources and on amending the Civil Code. In his article, the author not only analyses the rules and the cases when the municipalitiesshall assume the duty, but also the legal character of this obligation, which he claims to be both administrative and legal. The author also reflects on the position of the municipalities in the proceedings for eviction, recognizing that the municipalities may join the proceedings as a secondary intervener not only the plaintiff ’s, but also on the defendant’s side. In both cases the municipalities is entitled to question the eviction claims. Finally, the author considers the extent of the compensation claim that the debtor is entitled to when the municipalities did not provide social housing, regarding that the compensation covers the period from notifying the municipalities of failing to execute eviction sentence voluntarily by the debtor, taking into account the time necessary to find and prepare the social housing for the entitled, until the municipalities make an offer to conclude a lease agreement for social housing to the tenant obliged tovacate the premises.

Türkiye`de Örgütsel Davranış Yazınına Bir Bakış: 2012-2016 Yılları Arasında Yayımlanmış Üniversite Sosyal Bilimler Dergileri Üzerine İçerik Analizi

Author(s): Meltem Dil Şahin,Fulya Misirdali Yangil / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

The discipline of organizational behaviour both has an interdisciplinary feature and presents a great variety of study field through utilization of different disciplines such as pyschology, antropology, sociology and also using different research units like individual, group, organization. With considering this various field of study, different subjects have been examined as focus point. In this study scientific researches concerning to organizational behaviour are examined and it is aimed at determining how the focused subjects display a distribution among basic factors as years, title, method etc. In scope of the research, the articles at organizational behavior field which published at Universities’ Social Sciences journals between the years 2012-2016 in Turkey, are examined. The research data are acquired by determination of the journals by years through using of ULAKBİM database filtration system and the determined 332 articles are tested with content analysis in regard to key words, place of publication, authors and method. In conclusion of the research higher focus on “individual” as keynote title is determined among the main themes and according to sub-themes it is ascertained that leadership, job satisfaction and organizational commitment subjects are studied with priority. It is also determined that approximately %86 of the analyzed articles adopted the quantitative method and %14 of them adopted the qualitative method.

Kontynuatorzy teorii Leona Petrażyckiego

Author(s): Katarzyna Witek-Mioduszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

Motivation until the beginning of the 19th century was an undiscovered area of scientific research. The idea of using motivation in psychology, almost or in other fields, was born only at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Leon Petrażycki was one of the first scientists to make a groundbreaking classification of psychic phenomena. He distinguished among them emotions, feelings, sensations and processes of the will. Research that was carried out at that time showed a connection between emotions and motivation. Many of the later researchers continued various assumptions resulting from Petrażycki’s theory. In literature, two periods of the scholar’s work are distinguished: St. Petersburg and Warsaw. Therefore, it is justified to divide his followers on the basis of these stages of his scientific activity. The article presents short profiles of researchers selected by the author who were inspired by the ideas of Leon Petrażycki, including Jerzy Lande, Henryk Piętka, Mikołaj Timaszew, Georgij Gurwicz, and Mikhail Rejsner. In addition, an analysis of their work was made in the context of emotions and the theory of motivation initiated by the St. Petersburg scientist. It also presents the views of contemporary Petrażycki supporters.

Systemy wykonania kary pozbawienia wolności a powrót do przestępstwa w zarysie prawnym i psychologicznym

Author(s): Angelika Maruszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The penalty of imprisonment is to contain a full ailment expressing condemnation for the committed prohibited acts. The Executive Penal Code indicates that the purpose of imprisonment is to “arouse in the convict the will to cooperate in shaping his socially desirable attitudes, in particular the sense of responsibility and the need to comply with the legal order and thus refrain from returning to crime”, and thus – preventing recidivism. The main task is to prepare the convict for life in freedom, shaping his responsibility for his actions, as well as the will to cooperate for his social readaptation. In view of the above, the legislator introduced the institution of three punishment enforcement systems into the Executive Penal Code and thus gave a high degree to the issue of interactions undertaken during the execution of a penalty of imprisonment, additionally emphasizing it in the name given to each system. This study uses the analysis of the resulting statistical data from own research and literature on the subject in the scope of discussing the systems of execution of the penalty of imprisonment and their impact on recidivism. What causes convicts to return to crime after serving a sentence of imprisonment? Will a well-chosen system of serving a prison sentence really prevent the risk of recidivism?

A Handful of Remarks on the “Terminology Reference for the Science of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception”

Author(s): Jan Widacki / Language(s): English Issue: 1 (59)/2024

I find it appropriate to commence by recalling that the realisation that one of the defining characteristics of a science (or its field) that allows for its recognition as distinct and mature, alongside its subject of study and methods of research, is its language dates back to as early as the mid-19th century (Okasha, 2016). Contemporary scientific methodology demands that each science must have a specific subject and objective distinct from other sciences, as well as its own unique language so that it makes use of clearly defined and named concepts (Humphreys, 2014).

РОДИНАТА Е ТАКАВА, КАКВАТО Я НОСИМ В СЪРЦАТА СИ

Author(s): Katia Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

Press Articles from “Gazeta Polska w Brazylii” as a Source of Information about Brazilian Polonia’s Interests in the Security of the Second Republic of Poland in July and August 1939 – Selected Issues

Author(s): Tomasz Landmann / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The article aims to present an outline and analysis of the topics presented in the July and August 1939 issue of “Gazeta Polska w Brazylii” (“Polish Newspaper in Brazil”). These concerned informing the Brazilian Polish community about matters and interests crucial to the Polish state’s security.The article analyses all the issues of “Gazeta Polska w Brazylii” of July and August 1939, the available scientific literature, and other printed sources.It has been shown that “Gazeta Polska w Brazylii” was the leading periodical informing the Brazilian Polonia about matters important to the Polish state’s interests and security. On the eve of the outbreak of World War II, the dominant issues of interest to the Polish community in Brazil included the evaluation of the Brazilian government, Hitler and the Third Reich, and German actions towards the local population in the areas taken over by the German state in 1938 and 1939. The issue of the Free City of Danzig and German militarism in the region, which threatened the interests of the Second Republic and Polish citizens’ position, was also significant.

Celebrowanie świąt wśród polskiej społeczności w Armenii. Nośnik tożsamości, element promocji kultury czy substytut rozrywki w obcym otoczeniu etniczno-kulturowym?

Author(s): Ewelina Maria Ebertowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

From the historical perspective, Polish migration to Armenia intensified in the 19th century, when men were forcibly conscripted into the Tsar’s Army in the territory of the Russian partition. Since then, the dynamics of Polish mobility and its motivations have changed many times. As for the direction of the Caucasus, since the 1990s it has been closely associated with the population movement in the opposite direction, i.e., with the Armenian migration to Poland. However, we know relatively little on this subject, as most contemporary studies focus mainly on the analysis of historical processes, and the current migration movements are commonly referred to as “labor migration”. The following article is based on field research conducted by the author in 2015–2022. Their main axis was to learn about the ways of self-organization and functioning of the contemporary Polish community living in the Republic of Armenia. The article focuses on the description of individual phases of the annual rituals with which representatives of the Polish minority identify and the influence of Polish organizations on their celebration. The article covers both states, secular, and religious holidays. They create an interesting mosaic consisting of cultural and national identity, promotional and popularization elements, as well as the need for entertainment and social life in a local environment.

Recenzja książki Polskie organizacje imigranckie w Europie. W poszukiwaniu nowego modelu, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2021, s. 324

Author(s): Mateusz Szast / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

Bezpečnosť školského prostredia – vonkajšie a vnútorné vplyvy

Author(s): Ján Danek / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

The study deals with analysis and evaluation of external and internal influences for security on schools. On the backround of general social security and safety situation are solved the measures and conditions of narrower and wider anvironment on line of protection od schools. On relation of these influences are evaluated and fixed the tasks of schools for its internal and external security. By tasks of management, pedagogical, expertal, technical and administrative employees and pupils of school. In relation of external and internal conditions and measures is created an assumption for need security of schools, pupils and its employees too.

Bezpečnosť školského prostredia – súčasný stav a problémy

Author(s): Ingrid Emmerová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

The study deals with the safety of the school environment. It presents selected results of research conducted with primary and secondary school teachers. It pays special attention to the real possibilities of primary and secondary school teachers in creating a safe school environment. It presents selected options for creating a safe school environment.

Bezpečnosť školského prostredia – zahraničné skúsenosti

Author(s): Tomáš Jablonský / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

The safety of the school environment is a key factor in ensuring quality education and the protection of both pupils and all school staff. This paper focuses on the analysis of foreign experiences in the field of improving security in schools, with the aim of identifying good practices and their subsequent possible application. The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of effective measures that can serve as inspiration for the development of safety policies in Slovak schools, with an emphasis on adapting best practices to local conditions and needs.

Online rizikové správanie žiakov – aktuálne trendy a možnosti prevencie a riešenia v školách

Author(s): Miriam NIKLOVÁ / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

On the one hand, children and youth are among the most numerous and active users of social media, on the other hand, they are also the most risky group due to the fact that they cannot always critically select the information that the media offers them. The Internet environment creates opportunities for the emergence of risky behavior such as cyberbullying, sexting, addictive behavior in relation to the Internet, compulsive playing of online games, intolerant and racist expressions in the Internet environment, cybersex and other forms of inappropriate behavior that can determine the insufficient development of a child. In Slovakia, as well as abroad, there is a trend of an increase in the risky behavior of pupils, which the authors of the study will point out in its introduction in the theoretical-empirical reflection. More and more experts point to the need to pay more attention to the prevention and solution of risky online behavior. In the article, we will present a model of prevention and solutions in the school environment with regard to cyberbullying of students.

Role a specifika sociálního pedagoga v utváření bezpečného školního prostředí

Author(s): Václav Bělík / Language(s): Czech Issue: 3/2024

The present paper deals with the role of social educators in the Czech environment with regard to creating a safe environment. The text summarizes information concerning the school counselling centre, its members with special attention to the role of the social educator in the school counselling system. In the final part, the article makes a small contribution to the role of social educators in shaping a safe environment in school. It presents testimonies of school principals, school prevention methodologists and social educators themselves.

Predchádzanie rizikového a problémového správania žiakov v základných školách pohľadom učiteľov primárneho vzdelávania

Author(s): Mária Belešová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

Risk factors for problem behavior occur throughout a child's development, and children face new risks at each developmental period. Children's environments become more complex as they grow older, making early intervention more difficult. Some manifestations of risky behavior are repeated in children and may erupt in a more serious form at a later time. Reducing the occurrence of these risks has the possibility of preventing the occurrence of several problems. It's true that preventing problems takes time and some resources, but the alternative can be even more expensive. We know from practice that reacting to challenging student behavior with clear consequences, for example a visit to the principal's office or a reduced behavior grade, may seem like a simple solution, but it is not effective. In the article, we present the qualitative view of primary education teachers (n = 65) on the prevention of risky and problematic behavior of pupils in Slovak schools. Data collection was ensured through a questionnaire with open items, which allowed teachers to create their own meaningful answers. We evaluated these based on open coding and categorized them according to the relatedness of the answers. We believe that the varied spectrum of these answers and proposals will encourage schools to participate in the elimination of risky and problematic behavior among pupils.

Vybrané formy online rizikového správania žiakov a možnosti ich prevencie v kontexte tvorby bezpečného školského prostredia

Author(s): Mário Dulovics / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

The online risky behavior of children and adolescents is a phenomenon that can be a serious threat to the safety of the school environment. From an educational point of view, it is extremely important to pay attention to the online risky behavior of pupils in the intentions of educational practice. The most appropriate tool at this level is precisely preventive and educational action, or the effort to solve already created risks. The aim of the article is to point out the prevalence of selected forms of online risks among elementary school students (cyberbullying, participation in dangerous online challenges) and to analyze the possibilities of its prevention. As part of the empirical research, which was carried out in 2022, 2,768 pupils of the 6th to 9th grade of elementary schools in the Slovak Republic were approached. In the research set, we identified 256 cyberaggressors (9,3%) and 674 (24,35%) pupils who participated in one or more online challenges at the same time.

Vytváranie prostredia pre emocionálnu a sociálnu pohodu – dôležitá zodpovednosť školy

Author(s): Katarína Tišťanová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2024

There is a growing recognition that creating an environment for pupils' emotional and social well-being and educational outcomes are inextricably linked, and that schools can be important environments within which both can be pursued. This paper discusses the possibility of profiling the psychosocial environment and how it might be used in a school setting.

Актуальные жанры медиадискурса в обучении чтению на занятиях русского языка как иностранного

Author(s): Irina Leshutina,Natalia Alksnit / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2020

This article considers the most relevant genres of media discourse in the teaching RFL – the multimodal genres of text presented in the media, as the materials for teaching foreign students reading and conducting pedagogical diagnostic, also it presents the possible uses of these genres of text in the productive work of students.