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Defended PhD theses in Bulgaria in the field of linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography and art studies
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Defended PhD theses in Bulgaria in the field of linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography and art studies
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Defended PhD theses in Bulgaria in the field of linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography and art studies
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Data about scientific events in the field of the humanities in Bulgaria in 2014
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A real estate buyer can be both a professional investor, able to conduct an adequate analysis on its own or advised by a counsellor, which leads to the optimal choice, and an ‘ordinary’ person who achieves knowledge about the real estate market from easily accessible sources of information and thus makes a decision on the basis of the basic data or own associations. The aim of the article is to present an individual decision making process. It has been assumed that the buyer of a plot intended for building a residential house makes a decision according to the weighted additive rule, including the possibility of compensation. It leads not to the optimal choice, but the most satisfying one. As a result, even the real estate with the weak value of the most important feature can be selected if it is compensated by very high values of other features. Deliberations based on the relevant literature are illustrated by the example of a potential buyer searching for a residential plot neighbouring Olsztyn.
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The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of the intercultural component in language teaching. The particular sections of this article present and discuss selected examples of communication misunderstandings, which have been divided into four categories: the level of linguistic competence, the content level, the level of relations and the level of non-verbal communication.
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The paper discusses the status quo and the would-be possibilities of kindergarten FL teaching. While analyzing the current forms and tendencies in teaching English to YL (Young Learners), it is postulated the only reliable form of teaching a FL to such groups of learners is to maximize their cognitive potential, so as to help them discover the language in an acquisitive way. Following the current research, it is suggested that the challenge-like conditions that are naturally formed to YL in the case of learning their mother tongue (MT) are to be extended so as to help them learn a FL as well. The final part of the paper provides a discussion over the current research results that refer to the paper topic.
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This article attempts to capture the phenomenon of Lodz Television Theatre and to reveal changes in it over the years, i.e. from the foundation of the ŁOT Television Theatre up to the 1990s, when the production of such performances ended at the Lodz Television Centre.
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In the text, the author describes the speci cs of the regional radio documentary, and discusses the themes and characters that appear in documents from PR Lodz. The author proposes a division of themes focused on various regional aspects. The research material includes recorded programming published on the radio station’s website during the early days of the site’s existence.
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The articles focuses on the activity of the Town Cultural Centre in Zgierz. An examination of the provisions of the law allows us to rationally explain the aims and tasks faced by the Centre, and the methods due to which the Town Cultural Centre is perceived as a centre for alternative culture, a forum for social debate, and, primarily, as a people-friendly institution.
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The author analyses several selected speeches of Italian politicians: the founder of the Forza Italia party, Silvio Berlusconi; founder and leader of the Movement Five Stars, Beppe Grillo; and the current Prime Minister of Italy, Matteo Renzi. The study makes it possible to evaluate whether the conditions for the ideale Sprechsituation of Jürgen Habermas is fulfilled in analyzing public discourse. Particular attention will be given to the relationship between the persuasiveness of communication and the problem of legitimacy.
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In the article emigrational processes and main directions in the exodus from the Polesie Voivodeship to countries of North and South America in the interwar period have been presented. Internal and external conditions of the exodus processes, including emigrational policy of the Second Commonwealth, have been taken into account. The Polesie Voivodship, constituting a part of the eastern borderlands (Kresy Wschodnie), was a sparsely populated and economically undeveloped region, with a variety of nationalities and denominations. Emigration from the Polesie Voivodeship can be subdivided into a couple of groups, according to their nationality and denomination: Jews, Poles, Orthodox Belarusians, Ukrainians and Polishchucs. The author of the article underlines the importance of the Polesie Voivodeship in the exodus of Orthodox population from the II Commonwealth.
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The Japanese started coming to the United States at the end of the XIX century. The fact that they were not welcome was reflected in the US state and federal legislation. In the 1920s the Japanese society – embracing two generations – counted fewer than 300,000 people. The first generation, the Issei, were deprived of the right to naturalization. Their children, the Nisei – born in the United States and in the majority of cases Americanized – constituted the second generation. The Japanese lived mainly in Hawaii, as the biggest national minority, and in the West Coast, especially California. In the 1930s life was difficult for the Japanese living in the United States. Apart from the previous problems, they had to cope with new ones – connected with the economic crisis and Japan’s foreign policy. Their widespread and selfless support for Japan’s aggression against China was not only disapproved of by Americans; it also complicated their situation on the eve of the war. On the other hand, it was the time when the Nisei actively joined political life. Their biggest organization, the Japanese American Citizen League (JACL) was quite successful and in the Territory of Hawaii some Japanese became members of the local legislature for the first time.
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The goal of my paper is to show the Frankfurt School and young Jürgen Habermas’ comprehension of dialectics of reason as dialectics of mass politics. I start with discussion on the position of Frankfurt School. Then I analyze reasons that made its members fall into defeatism in relation to this issue. This gives me the background to introduce Habermas’s radical transformation of their stance, which opens the door to constructive overcoming of the problem of dialectics of mass politics.
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The article offers a thorough presentation of Isaiah Berlin’s conception of freedom, based on the recognition of its metadoctrinal character (such an interpretation had been fully accepted by Berlin). The reconstruction is backed up with many references to the author’s correspondence and conversations with Berlin. It consists, among other things, of: investigation of the intellectual sources of Berlin’s liberalism, analysis of his famous conceptual differentiation between negative and positive freedom (supplemented by a characteristics of the so-called basic freedom developed in correspondence), discussion of the masterly critique of rationalist metaphysics and identification of the maintenet of Two Concepts of Liberty, that is a warning against manipulation of the concept of freedom. Research into Berlin’s doctrine of freedom is carried out in a broad polemical context. A special stress is put on the surprising relevance of the allegedly out-dated Berlin’s reflection and also on the significance of the pluralist movement initiated by him within the liberal tradition.
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ConclusionSince 1994, when the Constitutional Court adopted an interpretation of art. 200 which diluted repressive system against the LGBT community, until now, Romania has taken essential steps in recognizing gay rights. Repeal art. 200 of the Penal Code in 2001, and the adoption O.G. no. 137/2000 on preventing and sanctioning all forms of discrimination, which included explicit grounds of sexual orientation were key moments of legislative changes aimed at halting a long harassment of the gay community. These developments of the normative were the result of international pressure: in 1994, as a result of the receipt of Romania in the Council of Europe and ratify the European Convention on Human Rights after 2000 in relation to the requirements for Romania's EU accession. Surveys and sociological studies over the last 15 years indicate both a widespread intolerance against the LGBT community, among young people, and between people mature too. The hostility towards lesbian and gay is by far the most intense, much more intense than the motivated ethnic, national, religious or the fear of a disease. This probably explains, by campaigns conducted against homosexuality by religious actors, primarily the ROC and "civic" organizations that were created or assumed a religious social project. Since 2015, the Romanian Orthodox Church campaigned to prevent last legislative adjustment to the principle of full equality of gay and heterosexual person’s recognition of same-sex marriage or at least their civil partnership. ROC entire bureaucratic system was put into the service of introduction in the Constitution of a religious criterion in defining marriage: to impose this act, however, essentially civil, to be possible only between a man and a woman. Tightening until June 2016 some 3 million signatures by priests and volunteers part of the "Coalition for the family", this change may not have a legal impact. But it has the effect of homophobic indoctrination.
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“I’m going to tell you an imaginary story. And I’m going to ask this question: is the story that I will imagine the triumph of democracy or its ruin? The story begins with a country which has painfully emerged from terrible periods of tyranny, established what looks like a path to a mature democracy. It has free elections, with near universal suffrage, it has a free and independent press representing opinions across the range of the political spectrum, it has a constitution which embeds fundamental rights of individuals against the majority, it has constitutional court active, indeed from time to time zealous, in its enforcement of the constitution. The Constitution itself is regarded as the fundamental law, and it provides that it cannot be amended except through a vote of two-thirds of the Parliament.Then one day this rather agreeable story is broken by the election of a government which through a large majority, but also through the structure of districting, does elect two-thirds of the Parliament and sets about to change the character of the nation. It enacts a press law establishing a council whose members are entirely appointed by the government….It enacts other laws unconstitutional laws, for example in violation of property rights for pension funds. It changes the jurisdiction of the constitutional court again by parliamentary vote in order retrospectively validate its unconstitutional legislation. Worse, it proposes to call a constitutional convention to thoroughly rewrite the constitution so as to solidify its own power. Is this the triumph or ruin of democracy? Legitimacy in the modern world means democracy. Democracy means government by the people, or rather government by a majority of the people….But the majoritarian conception is so impoverished, if I'm right, that it gives that government no legitimacy at all. That government has set the country on a road to the ruin of democracy because it has subverted the most basic principles that would entitle the community to claim that it’s a partnership of self-government. When the spirit of liberty dies in the hearts of men no law, no court, no constitution can put it back. But there’s something we have to add, which is that when the spirit of liberty still lives in the hearts of men and women then low, courts, and the constitution are the indispensable oxygen, indispensable to keep that flame of liberty still alive.”
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Quarterly Polis was established in 1994 under the auspices of the Institute for Marketing and Polls. Today, Polis is resumed as a publication of the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University "Petre Andrei" University Iasi. The first issue of quarterly proposed in 2016 entitled "Fascism and Communism in post-communist Romania." - Constantin Ilaș annotates about the "scandal pink pony" in "New man riding pony pink with swastika";- Momoc Antonio made considerations in "Fascism and Communism in post-communist Romania. Dimitrie Gusti and avoidance the fascist trap ";- Sorin Bocancea wrote about - "Methodological challenges in the research of communism in Romania”; - Alexandru Florian open theme "Public memory of the Holocaust in post-communist." In many cases, the author does not understand the ideas of texts that comment. Polis publication uses peer-review system. It is surprising that the article of Alexandru Florian passed academic filter.- Marius Oprea's article, "After Florian’s Law, Oprea’s Law" a bill promotes an explicit correspondent of Law 217/2015, Marius Oprea part of those who believe that "the Holocaust and the crimes of communism are faces of the same coin - crime against humanity - and that, legislative and judicial, should be treated the same". To the proposed draft law by Marius Oprea is open to counter-arguments used for O.U.G. no. 31/2002 and Law no. 217/2015: a serious restriction on fundamental rights, excessive in relation to what is natural in a healthy democracy. The authors of such severe regulatory measures forget that the persons guilty for the past are not punished by these restrictions, anywise our contemporaries. Justice is food of democracy, but protecting the freedoms is the air that democracy breathes.
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1. The right to a fair trialArt. 6 of the ConventionLetinčić v. CroatiaThe applicant lives in Zagreb. In 1993 the applicant's father, a war veteran, killed his mother and his parents, and later committed suicide.In 1996 the applicant, represented by his grandmother, asked a family allowance for disability, claiming that his father's suicide was a result of mental illness caused by participation in the war.The solution ECHR: the right to a fair trial was violated art. 6 para. 1 of the Convention.2. The right to life. Prohibition of discriminationArt. 2 and 14 of the ConventionHalime Kilic v. TurkeyThe applicant lives in Diyarbakir. In 2008, his daughter Fatma Babatlı, was killed by her husband, S. B., who committed suicide. Fatma Babatlı was the mother of seven children, all minors at the material time; in 2009, the applicant, mother Fatma, filed a complaint to the prosecution for a breach of the duties of the authorities and asking for identification and prosecution of officials who, despite complaints his daughter did not carry out an effective investigation and whose deficiencies have resulted his daughter's death. The prosecutor issued a decision terminating the procedure.The solution ECHR: Prohibition of discrimination (art. 14) in conjunction with the right to life (art. 2)The Court considered it unacceptable that the victim be left without resources or protection when faced with violence the husband, saying that such a violation of Article. In conjunction with Article 14 of the Convention. 2.3. Freedom of expressionArt. 10 of the ConventionRadobuljac v. CroatiaThe applicant, Mr. Radobuljac lives in Zagreb. As a lawyer in civil proceedings he could not attend one of the meetings in question because her car had broken. The judge decided to suspend the proceedings for three months. Mr. Radobuljac then filed an appeal on behalf of his client challenging the judge's decision. Citing art. 10 (freedom of expression), Mr. Radobuljac has complained about the decision to fine him for contempt of court, stressing that he only criticized the conduct of judges in a particular case and made no allusion to the judicial system as a whole.Motivation and solution Court:National courts have failed to strike a balance between the need to protect the authority of the judiciary and the need to protect freedom of expression of the applicant. The applicant has not exceeded the limits of acceptable criticism. The interference at issue cannot be regarded as "necessary in a democratic society" and breached art. 10 of the Convention.
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