Necessidades do familiar no cuidado ao cliente com insufuciência renal crônica: uma perspectiva para a enfermagem

Author(s): Florence Romijn Tocantins,Monique Coutinho da Silva / Language(s): Portuguese Issue: Volume 1 /2009

This study focuses on family members of clients with Chronic Renal Insufficiency (CRI) in hemodialytic treatment, signaling the importance of their participation in care aiming toward an adaptation of a new reality in one’s life. The objective of this study is as follows: to understand the meaning attributed by significant family members to their participation in caring for the client with CRI in hemodialytic treatment. This investigation was developed using a qualitative research modeled after Alfred Schutz’s phenomenological approach, namely to increase understanding in interaction with the other as a process of facilitating an understanding of one’s experience that constitutes the newly constructed reality. The subjects of the research were ten family members noted significantly for their care by the clients of a hemodialytic center from the state of Espírito Santo (Br). The results allowed to identify the care activities developed by the family members. The phenomenological interview consisted of a central question: what do you have in mind when caring for a family member with CRI? The analysis of the responses pointed principally toward two categories: the well-being of the client and the well-being of the family member, or caretaker. Generally, this demonstrates that the care given to the client by the family member is intended to enhance the health care needs of both the client and the family member, or caretaker. These perspectives support the quality of care through the nurse’s action in planning health and nursing care for the client as well as for the client’s family member, allowing recognition of each as a subject of his or her professional action.

In Search of Cosmopolitan Space: A Case for Human Plurality

Author(s): Sungtae Lee / Language(s): English Issue: Volume 1 /2009

At present, there is a widely shared doubt about theoretical or practical validity of “nation state” as a framework to grasp the reality of the social. This doubt legitimately boils down to a more fundamental question, within or without the realm of social science, that is, whether or not the current conceptualization of the social is caught in a sort of anachronism that blocks thinking and acting in terms of transforming reality. In this paper, I would like to delineate the situation not merely as a theoretical shortcoming of cotemporary social science but as a challenge: a call for reactivated social sensitivity. In an effort to meet this challenge, the socio-political significance of dialogue and human plurality as its critical element will be elaborated in search of cosmopolitan opening to the ways to think and act for the social in the making.

Reality as Work

Author(s): Thomas Luckmann / Language(s): English Issue: Volume 1 /2009

In the face of various contemporary everyday understandings of work, this essay relies upon phenomenological analyses to distinguish key concepts such as action (Handeln), working (Werken), and work (Arbeit). Actions are pre-planned conscious experiences, working is the embodiment of such actions in behavior, and work is a form of working that has for its principal goal the changing of reality. The concept of work as we know it has evolved from structural developments in society such as the social division of labor, the growth of professions, the social distribution of knowledge, the growth of markets, and industrialization. The end results have been that work roles have been separated from kinship structures, that one produces for society at large rather than one’s own needs, and that one is no longer self-sufficient in the maintenance of one’s lifestyle.

Introduction

Author(s): Michael D. Barber / Language(s): English Issue: Volume 1 /2009

This first issue of Schutzian Research exemplifies the kind of interests that one finds in its statement of purpose: Schutzian Research seeks contributions that are philosophical, culturalscientific, or multidisciplinary in character. We welcome a broad spectrum of qualitative and interpretive work, comparable with Alfred Schutz’s orientation but not necessarily derived from it. The journal is multilingual in character, with abstracts in English.

Table of Contents

Author(s): Michael D. Barber / Language(s): English Issue: Volume 1 /2009

Journal. Private Family Journal of First Trip to the United States of America in 1937

Author(s): Alfred Schutz / Language(s): English Issue: Volume 1 /2009

Translated by Evelyn S. Lang This diary belongs to a genre of diaries by prominent European intellectuals who visited the United States, such as Simone de Beauvoir’s Day by Day. Schutz records his impressions of musical concerts and visits to art museums, as well as his encounters with the stock exchange and new forms of technologies and his observation of political discussions about the Roosevelt era. He gives an account of visits with Gerhart Husserl, the son of Edmund Husserl, and colleagues such as Fritz Machlup and Dorion Cairns. In addition, Schutz offers his reactions to American anti-Semitism, the cruel treatment of workers (which may exhibit economic rationality but no other kind of rationality), and the ways in which race seems to affect American social and economic relationships.

Understanding, Self-reflection and Equality: Alfred Schutz’s Participation in the 1955 Conference on Science, Philosophy and Religion

Author(s): Alfred Schutz / Language(s): English Issue: Volume 1 /2009

edited by Michael Barber This text includes the interventions of Alfred Schutz at the 1955 Conference on Science, Philosophy, and Religion, entitled “Aspects of Human Equality,” to which his paper, later published as “Equality and the Meaning Structure of the Social World,” had been submitted. In Schutz’s reactions to the comments of other conference participants, one can see his views on: the “secularization” of more theoretical philosophical and theological ideas, the need to distinguish levels of abstraction, the importance of self-reflection on one’s own viewpoint, and the significance of common sense. In the end, he recommends that theoreticians return to kindergartens and playgrounds to examine the equality practiced there.

Complexité de la conscience religieuse

Author(s): Jean Greisch / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

De la perspective herméneutique en philosophie de la religion, on peut tirer un tableau contrasté des données de toute conscience religieuse, même athée. Entre appartenance et mystique, sans écarter humour et folie, cette conscience ainsi comprise dit quelque chose de notre rapport aux réalités contemporaines les plus sombres .

La politique en son âge nihiliste

Author(s): Jacques Rancière / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

La politique est en réalité une chose rare, parce qu’elle suppose ce qu’on voit en effet rarement, le compte rendu des litiges, des ruptures et des écarts polémiques inscrits dans tout tracé des frontières et des distinctions toujours critiques . avec le règne de l’humanitaire et son consensus, on observe l’éclipse actuelle de la politique .

Pour une philosophie de l’objet

Author(s): François Dagognet / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

Dans l’histoire de la philosophie, la pensée s’est longtemps crue autonome ou souveraine, sous les formes de la culture, de l’idée ou du cogito. Il est temps de mettre plutôt en relief le rôle de l’objet, opérateur de tous les changements aussi bien en économie politique que dans la considération de l’école ou de la religion. S’affirme partout une élaboration, seule capable de rendre la pensée à son vrai triomphe, celui de l’objectivité .

Le conflit religieux fondateur de l’Europe

Author(s): Olivier Abel / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

Métaphorique, réitératif et résistible: c’est sous ces trois modes qu’un fondement peut préserver les chances d’une fondation concrète. Les termes du conflit religieux recèlent des promesses qu’il s’agit de réactualiser, y compris dans la possibilité de leur abandon.

Éditorial: Pour une «Kapia» Française

Author(s): Gilles Clamens / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

Pour une philosophie de la totalité

Author(s): Christian Godin / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

Nous ne cessons d’avoir affaire à tout, alors que la métaphysique semble réduire ce tout à rien en ne s’intéressant qu’à sa naissance ou à sa mort, son fondement ou sa fin. La connaissance totale demeure pourtant vivante: il est temps de redire qu’elle nous stimule, quand nous croyons qu’elle nous dépasse.

De la société ouverte à la société concrète

Author(s): Jacques Bouveresse / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

Pour la résolution du grand problème des rapports de l’État et de la démocratie, les termes proposés par Karl Popper signalent qu’une société “ouverte” risque fort de remplacer l’avantage de l’indépendance par l’inconvénient de l’isolement. Tel est le défi que doit relever la démocratie locale: l’assemblage, pour les millions d’hommes qui constituent les États modernes, de l’autorité abstraite et du contrôle concret des décisions prises en leur nom .

La prière, la demande et la question (remarques sur la nature et l’évolution de notre civilisation)

Author(s): Charles Ramond / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2005

Toute demande découvre autant qu’elle recouvre, décèle et cache en même temps . Ce paradoxe est aussi celui de la reconnaissasance, réputée cruciale en notre temps. Il est cependant possible, et pourquoi pas souhaitable, au regard des anciennes théologies de la prière, que nous quittions aussi l’âge de la demande et de la question.

Fenomenologiczna "Zasada wszelkich zasad" jako odejście od Kantowskiej koncepcji czysto dyskursywnego charakteru intelektu

Author(s): Marcin Jeziorski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2010

Within the content of the following paper I aim to reveal some epistemological benefits, related to Husserl’s concept of an eidetic intuition. In order to do so, I refer to Kant’s radical division of the subject’s cognitive activity into two main epistemic faculties, namely intuition, which – according to Kant’s statements – may be just empirical, and being strictly and only discursive intellect. Having presented it I further proceed to describe certain difficulties, being the result of the rejection of possibility of an intuitive use of intellect, such as the objective validity of cognizing an apriorical forms, or the process of creating an empirical notions. Finally I refer to Husserl’s acceptation of an eidetic intuition, being – according to my opinion – the only way of solving all the problems presented above.

"Recens-arche" filozofii Józefa Bańki

Author(s): Paweł Nierodka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2010

In my paper I raised the issue of time and focused on its recentivistic aspect. While discerning physical time from anthropological time I emphasized the meanings of “thymical” time. Such an aspect of time indicates not so much the relation of present time with the human as the direction of the lapse of time. Everything starts from and ends with our “now”, our present as the only existing one. The recentivistic concept of time is a return to the source of philosophy, source of philosophic considerations about the existence in view of contemporary “blurring” of philosophic deliberations. “Escape from the present” drives the humans into the cave of life through the past of the wasted chances or the future of the envisaged successes. The principal thesis of the deliberations conducted says there is no existence, thoughts, world, and, finally, the very human being without recens. Without recens there is even no present which continues the time.

Frege a Wittgenstein. Uwagi o fiasku korespondencyjnego dialogu

Author(s): Andrzej Rygalski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2010

The letters that were found after years are the evidence of hard intellectual work that had been conducted under very infavourable conditions. They refer to the time when Wittgenstein was writing Tractatus while Frege was working on his articles Thought and Negation. Correspondence between Frege and Wittgenstein prove the common will of communication and mutual understanding. Thus remains the question why those two close and well known to each other thinkers have not realized that willingness.

Św. Augustyn a paradoks zła

Author(s): Dawid Nowakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2010

This article is an attempt of representing St. Augustine’s struggle against the greatest problems of Christian ethics, namely, the problem of evil. After the introduction of the philosophical grounds of the problem, we will turn to the outline of the way the Bishop of Hippo has gone through in the quest of the rational explanations for the existence of evil. An analysis of Augustine’s works has shown that he lost his hope to find any sensible answer to this question with the lapse of time, and abandoned himself to an almost blind faith. The Saint leaves us all by ourselves with this anxious question about evil.

Fiodor Dostojewski: o ułomności ludzkiego poznania

Author(s): Iwona Magdalena Perkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2010

Fiodor Dostoyevsky in his oeuvre indicates certain attitudes, which are often recognized in the process of man’s thinking and behavior. They are conditioned by the manner he perceives reality and they in themselves appoint simultaneously this way of world perception. Some of those occurrences resemble in a great manner the defense mechanisms, which are described in the later literature. A first mechanism that was analyzed is pursue simplification, which causes a man to believe that thanks to the achieved knowledge he will be able to set in order and fix imperfect reality. Such attitude enforces simplified vision of the world, which in turn helps in self-deception. Dostoyevsky’s heroes have problems to recognize true motives of their own behaviors or they intentionally attribute nobler incentives to themselves. Therefore the next described attitude is reluctance to acknowledge the truth. The Russian writer rejects generally accepted disjunctivity of the ‘truth and false’ category and he attributes the final might to acknowledge something as true or false to the man’s will. On account of innate laziness and refractoriness, man chooses the simplest solutions, which in point of fact dismiss possibility to see real reasons for all failures. It makes impossible to undertake activities, which could indeed change something. Man is characterized by irresponsibility for his actions and words. A word looses its causative meaning and becomes purely a decoration, an ornament. All these make that learning the truth, as one of the elements propelling development of the philosophy, was not impossible but it was unwanted.