Dividing a cake (or) Distributional values in the measurement of economic inequality: an expository note

Author(s): S. Subramanian / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

Distributional judgments’—judgments on the extent of inequality in the distribution of income and wealth—are routinely made by economists in exercises aimed at comparing inequalities in alternative situations. Yet the measurement of inequality is informed by certain nuances, which it would do well to be attentive to. In particular, the values underlying measurement protocols are not always made explicit, which tends to lend a somewhat misleading semblance of ‘value-neutrality’ to the activity of measurement. It is argued, with specific reference to the problem of inequality measurement, that such an orientation can compromise the possibility of accurate diagnosis and appropriate policy prescription. There is little that is original in this article, and much that is owed to the pioneering contributions of Serge-Chritophe Kolm. The emphasis throughout is on explicating an important issue through a deliberate effort at achieving simplicity in both argument and expression.

Povijest i kultura

Author(s): Eduard Kale / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 04/1971

Često se danas raspravlja ne utvrdivši i ne definiravši prethodno Predmet rasprave, iako se zna da se on različito shvaća i tumači. Tako primjerice, pri raspravi o naslovnim terminima potrebno je prije, bar dijaloga radi, jasno odrediti i razgraničiti od mogućnosti primanja nečeg drugog, pojmove povijesti i kutlure.

Subjective preferences and alternative costs

Author(s): William Barnett II,Walter E. Block / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

Subjective preferences and alternative costs

Deep History: a rejoinder

Author(s): David Laibman / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2012

Život kao medij smrti?

Author(s): Luka Janeš / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 14/2019

The essay discusses a dialectical constellation of life and death phenomena in relation to the medium of beingness, in the context of the existential anxiety, which is commonly imposed as a "normal" state of the average inhabitant of the "globalistic circus". In addition to the dialectical categorical complexity of the phenomena of life and death on the cosmological plane, the focus will be on the issues of a "mechanical", technically heterogenous form of human life for which will be claimed that not presupposes living, but rather the surviving, and in the line with the given I will argument in the direction of "pro-vitalisation" through the philosophy. Also, there will be a few words on the eros for the death and the "simulacrofilia" that fills a big part of the current world pores, and I will maintain to offer the (bio)ethical key to the evaluation and illumination of the given aporias. The problems of the dialectical relationship between the phenomena of life and death will be laid out in the plan of spatiality of the psychic field, and I will endeavour to elaborate it in an original, critical and coherent manner through the issues of consciousness and narcissism, using the reflections of Thomas Fuchs and Alfred North Whithead.

Filozofija (medijske) distopije: društveni život između Sluškinjine priče i Crnog ogledala

Author(s): Vuk Vuković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 14/2019

Marshall McLuhan, within his technological-deterministic view of the world, affirmed the thesis that through various media we extended our senses by allowing technology to influence our psychic and social personality. If the media were truly human extensions “of any skin, hand or foot”, as this author apodictically claims, the question arises as to what is their amputation? The aim of this paper is to critically reflect social life and human, as an elementary anthropological category, in relation to the absolute presence / absence of modern media technologies. Are we speaking of anthology Black Mirror which directly deals with these topics and ideas, or Handmaid’s Tale, a series based on the novel Margaret Atwood? Whether we are talking about the technological simulation of consciousness and the psychological implications of the final phase of man’s extensions or dehumanization of (feminine) body and soul in a totalitarian-theocratic state, we are certainly relying on the media and technology, which is the starting point of thinking society, which in both cases can be characterized as dystopia.

Znanstveno-tehnička i medijska budućnost čovjeka i svijeta

Author(s): Nenad Vertovšek,Ivana Greguric / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2019

The scientific-technological future often implies hardly conceivable social-philosophical consequences. The range of media-related changes in the very near future, which will significantly change the current mediation of man and the world, is difficult to predict, but they are inevitable. The technological and biological reality of the upcoming era cannot be viewed as separated from all the sociological, psychological, and media aspects of the society and the individual. What will these irreversible consequences in the networked reality of the media and humans imply in bioethical terms? How should we already now think of man, the human community, and the emerging, globalized world? We are approaching a great “tipping point” in which human life and the possible coexistence of artificial and natural intelligence will be tested and one can only speculate on the media picture of such a reality. Will we look for new frameworks for the Heideggerian age of the Image of the World, return to the premises of Wiener’s cybernetics, or perhaps reaffirm some of the traditional premises?

Събитието на деконструкцията и мястото на литературата

Author(s): Daniela Strakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

In the last “postmodern” years, the literature is characterized by reliance on narrative techniques such as fragmentation, paradox, and the unreliable narrator. Postmodernism as a whole tends to resist definition or classification as a “movement”. The article’s focus is the literary theory and philosophy of language derived principally from Jacques Derrida’s 1967 work Of Grammatology and his speech in 1966 in conference in Baltimore. Although he avoided defining the term deconstruction directly, Derrida sought to apply Martin Heidegger’s concept of destruction or, to textual reading. Heidegger’s term referred to a process of exploring the categories and concepts that tradition has imposed on a word, and the history behind them. Derrida opted for deconstruction over the literal translation destruction to suggest precision rather than violence. Deconstruction denotes the pursuing of the meaning of a text to the point of exposing the supposed contradictions and internal oppositions upon which it is founded - supposedly showing that those foundations are irreducibly complex, unstable, or impossible. We purpose to show in the article that the discourse project of Derrida “happens” always different and unexpectedly in the process of reading, in the space of the literary text. Jacques Derrida defined the place of literature аs laying between the institution law and the idiom.

Philosophy of Economics and Management: Youth Participation in Family Business and National Economy

Author(s): Nerijus Stasiulis,Zuzana Horčičková / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The aim of the present paper is to reconcile a philosophical reflection on the role of the family as a communitarian entity in the business environment based on the individualistic principle and practical research aimed at identifying young people’s attitudes towards their involvement in family business. Respondents of the research were students of the final years of secondary schools, tertiary professional schools and vocational schools in the Liberec Region. The family is treated from the ethical point of view as well as in terms of political and economic philosophy as a suitable environment to shape economic attitudes in young people that are not restricted to a merely ‘economist’ form of rationality and as able to play an important part in a properly working state economy. The practical research shows that a young person’s intention to work in the family business depends on whether they are involved in it already during their studies.

ПЕТТЕ ОБЩЕСТВЕНИ ДОГОВОРА – ПРОБЛЕМИ И РЕШЕНИЯ ЗА БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Bancho Banov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The Article takes credit from notorious book of Jean Jacques Rousseau “The Social Contract“and develops the idea.The author stipulates the thesis that nowadays, especially for small countries like Bulgaria, there are not one – but five social contracts.First – between the voters and the parties in National Parliament.Second between ruling Party in Parliament and domestic business.Third –between the ruling Party (and the state itself) and foreign creditors of the country – including access to domestic markets by foreign firms. Fourth – between the ruling Party (and the state itself) and foreign companies for access to domestic resources.And fifth between the ruling Party (and the state itself) and foreign countries for the defense of the country. The contracts are fulfilled from No. 5 towards No.1.All cost money for the domestic economy.It depends how they are concluded for the fact whether there will be enough money for contact No.1 – between the ruling party and its citizens.

Maskulinizacija ženskog identiteta u (patrijarhalnoj) kulturi i politici

Author(s): Edisa Gazetić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 5/2018

In this paper the main intention is to show how masculinization is still an important model in many cultures. Evan women are sometimes forced to mask their femininity if they want to participate in the male world. But, we cannot forget that feminism provides possibilities to refuse these patterns and today women and men can struggle against any force to change their identity and behavior

Bóg jako primum cognitum – dyskusje i kontrowersje (bł. Duns Szkot, Henryk z Gandawy, św. Tomasz z Akwinu, św. Bonawentura, Mikołaj z Kuzy)

Author(s): Agnieszka Kijewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

In this article, I present the conception of the first object of human intellect (primum cognitum) in the thought of the leading representatives of 13th century Scholasticism. The first object of a cognitive faculty is the essence that determines the proper domain of that faculty; thus the first object of human intellect is what defines the possible extension of human epistemic possibilities. The conception of the first object of human intellect presupposes and implies definite solution of important epistemological, metaphysical, and anthropological questions. While one current of scholastic opinion, represented by St. Bonaventure and Henry of Ghent favored God as the first object of human intellect, more empirically minded Aquinas upheld the Aristotelian position that the proper object of human intellectual cognition is the essence of material reality; Duns Scotus evolved an elaborate position that tried to steer the middle course between the solutions of his predecessors and overcome the one-sidedness of their insights. Finally, I proceed to vindicate my opinion, that the epistemology of the 15th century thinker Nicholas of Cusa remained under significant influence of the scholastic debates and solutions.

OБЕСПРАВЉЕНОСТ У ДРУШТВУ И ОБРАЗОВАЊЕ

Author(s): Petar Đ. Rajčević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2019

Depravation of certain categories in society is designated by notions such as marginalization and social exclusion. Just as there is a need for inclusion in regular education system of all those who, for some reason, are not included within, there is also a need for inclusion of each of them in all segments of a wider social system in order to show humanity participation and give contribution to equality of all human beings and social classes reducing huge differences between people, which cause feelings of injustice and depravation having thus beneficial impact for stable relations between them. That would be contribution towards peace keeping and prevention of growing dissatisfaction which leads towards organizing, not much less merciless resistance towards those who, otherwise, are recognized as exploiters. Thus, destruction persists and repeats in cycles. Difficulties are, therefore, present in an uneven distribution of power, thus injustice not only persists but also increases and is transferred from generation to generation .Complexity of problems of the deprived, marginalized groups encompasses its studying and comprehending from different aspects. Approach to study which takes into account educational arguments and findings, although but one among many, may prove crucial.

Fenomenologia w pedagogice. Uwarunkowania, możliwości i potrzeby

Author(s): Teresa Parczewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2019

Pedagogical studies rarely adopt the phenomenological approach to analyse the phenomena that make up individual experience. The goal of this article is to describe how Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology could be used in the fields of pedagogical theory and practice. The paper addresses such questions as What is phenomenology? Why phenomenology is worth exploring? and Can we use phenomenology as a ‘school of thought’ in pedagogical theory, and how can it be applied to pedagogical practice? The analyses carried out for the purposes of this study encourage further investigation of this issue to discover where and how phenomenology could be applied in contemporary pedagogical theory and practice, and to explore it from a broad and multifaceted perspective.

Where are Sunspots? The Practical Method of Galileo as an example of Mental Model

Author(s): Tadeusz Sierotowicz / Language(s): English Issue: 66/2019

After the publication of Sidereus Nuncius, in the controversy with Ch. Scheiner, Galileo developed several arguments on behalf of the hypothesis that sunspots are contiguous to the surface of the Sun, and presented them in his Istoria e dimostrazioni intorno alle macchie solari e loro accidenti (Rome 1613). One of them, named by Galileo a Practical Method, advocates very clearly the correctness of the hypothesis. In the paper the method in question is briefly described. It is argued that the Practical Method is not a thought experiment, but rather a mental model proposed precisely in order to solve the problem of sunspots’ location.

Wychodzenie z sarmackiej kopalni, czyli teologia nauki w działaniu

Author(s): Paweł Polak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 66/2019

Book reviewi: Michał Heller, Ważniejsze niż Wszechświat, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2018, ss. 128.

Nauka w oczach erudytów

Author(s): Paweł Polak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 66/2019

Book review: Adam Adamandy Kochański, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Korespondencja Adama Adamandego Kochańskiego i Gottfrieda Wilhelma Leibniza z lat 1670-1698, D. Sieńko (tłum.), wyd. Muzeum Pałacu Króla Jana III w Wilanowie, Warszawa 2019, ss. 256.

Czy można dwóm panom służyć?

Author(s): Kamil Trombik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 66/2019

Book review: Dominique Lambert, Ryzykowne spotkanie teologii z nauką, przeł. P. Korycińska, Copernicus Center Press, Kraków 2018, ss. 268.

APPROCHE DES CRIS PHILOSOPHIQUES. FORMES DE PENSÉES SINGULIÈRES DANS LES PRATIQUES PHILOSOPHIQUES AVEC LES ENFANTS

Author(s): Anda Fournel / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2019

The discursive and reflexive practices falling within “Philosophy for children” (P4C) program aim to enable children to develop autonomous and authentic thinking by transforming the class into a community of philosophical inquiry. The educational program’s initiators put forward the idea that learning to think cannot exclusively follow a rationality model. Considering Deleuze distinction (1984) between "cry of reason" and "cry of unreason" as a starting point, we are interested in cry’s specimens – the concept and the question – as the call’s living forms in philosophical thought, linked to the emotions’ expression. Our investigation explores the folds of children’s thinking, through a qualitative analyze of classroom recordings in primary and middle school, in order to asses children’s ability to provide "philosophical cries". If so, one might wonder what do they shout and how do they do it?

EMBODIED LEARNING OF LANGUAGE IN PRESCHOOLERS: EMOTION, ENACTMENT, AND COGNITION

Author(s): Alexandra Marian,Doris Rogobete,Roxana Vescan,Adriana Ilie,Thea Ionescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Language learning in preschool children tends to be likened to school-like learning, using verbal explanations more than actions when new words are learned during storytelling. Based on previous results that showed that sensorimotor elements help language learning at this age this study aimed to investigate whether positive emotions also act like essential elements for language learning. Fifty-five 4 to 5 year olds listened to a modified version of the "Town Musicians of Bremen" story. There were four conditions: one that included emotions and sensorimotor elements during storytelling, one that had only emotions, one that had only sensorimotor elements, and one that had neither emotions nor sensorimotor elements. Results show no advantage of positive emotions by themselves, and a clear advantage of sensorimotor elements. Implications are discussed with regard to inducing emotions versus naturally arising emotional states, and also to the embodied learning perspective.