Hasan Hanefî. İslâm Kültüründe İnsan ve Tarih. İstanbul: Ayışığı kitapları Yayınları, 2000.
Review of: Hasan Hanefî. İslâm Kültüründe İnsan ve Tarih. İstanbul: Ayışığı kitapları Yayınları, 2000.
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Review of: Hasan Hanefî. İslâm Kültüründe İnsan ve Tarih. İstanbul: Ayışığı kitapları Yayınları, 2000.
More...
The literary narrative carries inside a lot of discourses, one of which enriches it specifically. In the novel The Monk there is a defined borderline (or a transformed one?) between the artistic discourse found in the traditional rhetoric, and in the philosophical rhetoric intended so. The paper’s purpose tends to understand the active role of this specific rhetoric used in the novel, which by serving as an integral part of the fiction structure becomes a core subject, but it also becomes an instrument for the deliberation of the individual (-narrator) from the conventional narrative in which have been enlighten other elements of novel more than the 'thinking' process itself. Here it is the turn of this process; there is an investigation about the why-s and an explanation of the how-s questions and of many other issues which are of a personal and a universal importance. The object takes care of the way they are searched; how to unfoldthe poetics of 'aletheia', its subjective nature and more.The method used on is the text analysis and the philosophic-aesthetical interpretation.The latter one is considered as an interpretation of the philosophical rhetoric, as a hermeneutic type, a communicative, a semiotic one, etc.The hypothesis is related to the idea that the activation of this kind of rhetoric corresponds to a model of a rhetorical stylistics composed by the aspects of competence (structure) and performance (effect), de facto, much more associated with the effect than with the conventional model.The paper advocates that this choice follows two basic principles: humanism and criticism. The first deliberates thinking process from any external authority through argument and persuasion, the second puts on balance, or doubt, the beliefs and convictions, a discussion which sharps the debate between the argument and the revelation of truth. This aletheia – or (self) disclosure traspasses through the spiritual nature of Neoplatonism.
More...
This paper attempt to articulate contributions from the language sciences, psychology and educational sciences to address, in a strongly interactionist perspective, the question of the role of language in human functioning. This reflection lead us to return to central notions such as "sign", "meaning", "interaction", "development", "activity", from a theoretical and methodological point of view. The methodological point of view give us the opportunity to problematize the unit (or units) of analysis capable of allowing a non-reductionist seizure of language dynamics within human functioning. We base our reflection on the contribution of several authors, including Saussure, Bloomfield, Coseriu, Vygotski, Piaget, but also contemporary works in connection with our own research.
More...
The introduction of experimental techniques as a tool of philosophical investigation has created quite a stir in analytic philosophy in the last two decades. Experimental results have shed a new light on traditional debates in various fields and have led to a reappraisal of the use and merits of various methods and types of arguments in philosophy. This paper provides an overview of the central debate regarding Machery et al.’s results and conclusions about the interplay between theory and various methods that are supposed to provide evidence for (a certain) theory. The debate is connected with the initial setting of the question of reference and, more generally, with the main staples of the philosophy of language. A large part of the paper is devoted to a discussion of the most important arguments and perspectives that have been developed or reformulated as a result of the debate on experimental philosophy. The final aim of the discussion is to provide a basic description of the contemporary landscape of philosophy of language and related epistemology, to inform future research designs and developments.
More...
Transference as well as counter-transference are both central to the praxis of psychoanalytical therapy. They emerge from the encounter with the patient who is caught in libidinal conflicts (Freud) and in the imaginary chain of signifiers (Lacan). “Affective effects” stemming from transference must therefore be taken into account in order to clarify their unconscious connection to the symbolic as well as to the real. Phenomenologically speaking, this corresponds to an original dimension of being-affected, a dimension prior to any sort of interpretation. It aims at liberating desire (désir) by making jouissance possible as an act that does not lead to a hypostasis of the law (Phallus).
More...
Phenomenological theories have a long history in undermining the “traditional” opposition between mind and body. According to them, the material, viz. the corporal can serve as a place for the processes of meaning-formation, i.e., as a condition of possibility for any set of relationships forming a body of meaning. In this paper, this manifests itself through the fact that the basic concepts related to corporeality, e.g., “perception”, “movement” etc., are the conditions of possibility for any construction of meaning and consciousness process, as also shown by contemporary neuroscience and communication theory in the case of intelligence and communication. However, this was already known to Aristotle, long before the advent of modern neuroscience, but the stakes were even higher for him: the issue of corporeality is itself problematic in terms of determining its boundaries, as the limits of the Self (viz. my body) merge with those of the world. The situation is similar to the “passive and active synthesis” of Husserl and also to Heidegger’s “twofold openness” of the Dasein, conflating the boundaries of the Self and the limits of the world for our human being-there, or consciousness.
More...Kultúrtörténeti-filozófiatörténeti bevezetés
In this paper the author offers a historical introduction into what is called the Carolingian Renaissance and, especially, into the life and oeuvre of the greatest theologian and philosopher of the time, John the Scot, also called Eriugena. The paper enumerates and briefly characterizes every single known work of this epoch-making Irish scholar, and identifies the dubia and spuria with the help of the most recent literature. In the central part, the content of Book 1 of the Periphyseon, John’s main work, is outlined in detail. This is followed by a short philosophical evaluation of the metaphysical character of Eriugena’s teaching, in which the difficulties of interpretation are pointed out. A short presentation is given of John’s sources, and the paper closes with a review of both translation-related terminological problems and philological instruments of research.
More...
Review of: 1. „Akcent” 39(2018) nr 3(153), „Karol Wojtyła − poeta, dramaturg, filozof”, ss. 278. Review by: P.M. 2. Encyklopedia 100-lecia KUL, red. Edward Gigilewicz i in., Wydawnictwo KUL, Lublin 2018, t. 1 (A-N) – ss. 648; t. 2 (M-Ż) – ss. 678. Review by: M.Ch.
More...
An essay addressing the phenomenon of the expansion, in today’s world and in particular in Poland, of the formal conditions which need to be fulfilled so that an (individual or collective) subject may fully participate in social and public life, as well as in broadly conceived culture. The expansion of the formal aspect of public life is accompanied by a gradual decline of values and principles which, for centuries, made the development of the Western culture possible. Among them, are: truth, subjectivity, freedom, responsibility, and trust. In Poland, the phenomenon in question comes to light in particular in the functioning of educational institutions, above all universities.
More...
In the present paper I am investigating the probable context of the ‘apology’ of Melito the philosopher, as preserved in Syriac. Since there is no sign that the author named in the titulus is meant to be identical with Melito of Sardis, or Melito the Bishop, I prefer to keep his name as ’Melito the philosopher’. While I am prepared to accept the traditional dating (between 180 and 220 CE) of the text – which is a protreptic treatise, rather than an apology – and while I have, in spite of advancing some new suggestions, generally refrained from arbitrating in the speculation about the possible addressee, I am turning to aspects hitherto largely ignored by looking at the text’s theological-philosophical horizon and its preserved context (Ms. BM 14,658). The analysis yields some results. First, that the text is purposefully overt about Christianity, trying to convince the public about monotheism as a first step to full conversion. This scope is shared by other documents in the same collection (among others, the Oratio ad graecos by Justin/Ambrose), and matches the general aim of the collection to provide a curriculum for a Christian philosophy, including arguments against contemporary ‘pagan’ Platonism. Second, its theological-philosophical stance links the document to Alexandrian thought, to which Justin/Ambrose also appears to belong. This, at the same time, involves sharp contrasts with the anthropological-theological horizon of Melito of Sardis. The study is accompanied by a partial translation of the treatise into Hungarian.
More...
In this paper an important possible source of philosophical thinking in India is suggested: the fruitful conflict of two cultures. There are many clear traces in the Rg-Veda of the alien religion that the invading Aryan tribes found in India. Combining these data with the archaeological findings from the area, that is, from the Indus Valley Civilisation, and also with some very general considerations, the following picture emerges: The warlike, nomadic pastoralist Vedic people followed a sacrificial polytheistic religion with very strong masculine bias, while the native peasants practised fertility-oriented agricultural magic where Mother Earth had a central role.Features of the two cultures mingled in many interesting ways. For the victorious Aryans the impressive idea of the great female was distasteful for a long time and they tried to transform the concept of the world-woman repeatedly. The Purus a hymn of the Rg-Veda seems to be one such attempt, paving the way to the full-blown pantheism of the Bhagavad-Gītā. However, when, instead of being masculinised, the female principle is divested of its anthropomorphic traits, the neutral world-essence emerges, that is, the Brahman of the Upanis ads. This is quite clearly philosophical.
More...
Among many others contemporary composers, who uses percussion in their music, Marcin Blazewicz (professor of the Fryderyk Chopin Academy of Music in Warsaw) seems to be an extraoridinary. His compositions are inspired by the philosophy of Far East. They might be named as a persucussional works about being... Et tua res agitur is dedicated to the person of the priest Jerzy Popieluszko, who was murdered by communist regime. Is a musical story/tale about responsibility and suff ering. The article shows not only the roots of the composition but also a practical approach od the performance and interpretation of Marcin Blazewicz composition.
More...
Some members of the Scipionic circle have a common theological theme: it concerns the features of chance or luck and the correct behaviour towards it. There is a marked difference between how members of the Scipionic circle and Romans before the 2nd century BC conceived of casus/ fortuna/tyche. It is possible that this important Greek theme found its way to Rome through the Scipionic circle. In order to confirm this hypothesis, I first reconstructed all the theologically relevant notions of the two Greek members of the circle, i.e. Panaetius and Polybius. Then I investigated the theological concepts of the Roman members of the circle.
More...
Joseph Ratzinger’s scholarly reflections and ideas convey a philosophical theology of the person that points to relational complementarity. In this article, the author uses the image of a house in order to present Ratzinger’s philosophical theology of the human person. The first part of this article examines the foundations of Ratzinger’s theology and points out how different philosophers have influenced his understanding of biblical anthropology. The second part presents the architectural supports of Ratzinger’s theology, which are the parallels that Ratzinger draws between the body and soul as well as God’s transcendence and man. The third section discusses the ceiling, meaning the beams (principles) of Ratzinger’s theology: the intellect, love, truth, beauty, and hope. Ratzinger’s approach to philosophical theology is both original and creative because he argues that, based on his dialogical understanding of the human person, the individual must transcend himself and because he demonstrates that relationship and dialogue are as primordial a form of being as substance. The essence of Ratzinger’s theology of the person is a biblical understanding of the human person that highlights man’s unique dialogical relationship to God.
More...
The teaching of spiritual love is certainly the most characteristic and recognizable teaching of Rumi and, under Rumi’s influence, of all other members of Mevlevi order. Even though spiritual love has an important place in intellectual and spiritual opuses of all Sufi representatives, this teaching has gained a different and specific dimension and form for Rumiand his followers. Spiritual offspring and followers of Rumi’s teaching were well familiar with their teacher’s teaching; however, few of them succeeded in thoroughly and completely encompassing and reinterpreting in their works the essence of Rumi’s writing about this topic. In this paper we have applied contrastive-comparative method, the historical method and the textual analysis method to establish the extent in which Fevzi Mostarac succeeded in reinterpreting the essence of Rumi’s teaching of love and how original and inventive he was.Given his personal experiences, the social and historical context, the prevailing religious discourse, the cultural framework and the intellectual capacity, Fevzi understood spiritual love to some extent differently from Rumi, whereby he gave it less space than his teacher. For Fevzi, love is unconditional devotion, worship, celebration, glorification and fulfillment of one’s obligations towards God. Also, unlike Rumi, Fevzi does not feel the presence of beloved God in a shape of a person; he does not glorify, praise or elevate anyone but God. Fevzi may be established as a devoted ascetic who sees love in spiritual training, immersion in words of glory and admiration towards the transcending being of God, unlike Rumi who describes Shams as an embodiment of the presence of God and discusses God’s immanence.
More...
This paper presents the Nyāya-praveśa (Introduction to Logic), a work by Dignāga’s pupil, Śaṅkarasvāmin, who lived in the middle of the sixth century AD. The Nyāya-praveśa is a brief treatise on Buddhist logic perhaps written for beginner students. With its help they could learn the fundamentals of reasoning and the different fallacies one can make in reasoning. The article contains a full Hungarian translation and an introduction with some remarks on the question of authorship.
More...
The author’s research of the representation of philosophy subjects and topics in the “Reports” of Novi Sad Grammar School starts from the “Report” for the school year 1918/19 and ends with the “Guidelines to pupils of The State Male Practical High School of King Aleksandar I in Novi Sad for the academic year 1940-41”. The author concluded that this 23-year long period can be divided into two mutually temporally disjointed segments. The fi rst period consists of two segments (the first one, from the academic year 1918/19 until 1924/25, and the second, from the academic year 1930/31 until 1932/33). During these academic years, Philosophy and/or Philosophical Propaedeutics (Logics and Psychology) was mostly present in the class teaching of the Grammar School (taught in the final two grades (VII and VIII), with 4 teaching hours per week). The second time period is also segmented (from the academic year 1925/26 until 1929/30, and from the academic year 1933/34 to 1940/41). The status of Philosophy and/or Philosophical Propaedeutics (Logics and Psychology i.e. Basics of Psychology) in this period was more unenviable than in the previous period, with a load of only 2 teaching hours per week in the VIII grade of Grammar School. Philosophical topics and literature were represented in the Grammar School also through curricula of classical languages. The Latin language course included the study and translation of manuscripts of the great orator and Roman eclectic Cicero (De imp. Gn. Pomp., In Catilinam Oratio, Pro Archia poeta oratio, De senectute, Laelius de amicitia, De amic.), works of the famous later Roman Stoic Seneca (De divitibus), as well as translated unnamed Socrates’ sayings. As for the teachings of the Greek language, the works of Homer (Iliad, Odyssey), Herodotus (History), Xenophon (Memorabilia, Cyropaedia), Sophocles (Antigone) and the parts of Plato’s Apology were read and interpreted. For more than two decades of Novi Sad Grammar School work that is studied, many important events had occurred, however the organization and execution of the class teaching of the only philosophical subject did not automatically and consistently follow all of these changes. Moreover, the teaching of Philosophy and/or Philosophical Propaedeutics in Novi Sad Grammar School had a particular rhythm of evolution, and its design, beyond all the qualitative and quantitative changes, did not match at all, or in other words rarely coincided with predicted and applied solutions and decisions.
More...
This historical overview of logic teaching shall begin with school year of 1952/53, when eight years long elementary education was introduced. It can be noted that, in literature concerning logic teaching in our country, emphasis is not put on that period. Considering the fact that the state of Yugoslavia was existent at that particular time, formal decisions immediately related to all republics. Valuable ideas from one territory were implemented in others, being of common interest. Intensive engagement in the field of methodics of logic teaching took place in Croatia, as it is today. Textbooks Logic from Gajo Petrović and Methodics of philosophy teaching of Josif Marinković are still in use in Serbia today, due to the fact that they are still considered as the best solution. That is why history of logic teaching should be analysed since that period up to today.
More...
The review of: Zbornik radova «Identitet.Sloboda», Klub studenata filozofije Gerusija, Novi Sad 2006.
More...
Letopisne beleške nastavnika i saradnika Odseka za filozofiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Novom Sadu
More...