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Imenovanje članova državne komisije za kontrolu postupaka javne nabave: vladavina prava ili vladavina birokracije?

Author(s): Ivan Šprajc / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 34/2018

The paper examines the regulation of appointment of the members of the State Commission for Supervision of Public Procurement Procedure according to the Act on the State Commission for Supervision of Public Procurement Procedure. The author criticises existing legal norms from the perspective of relevant constitutional and international agreements' norms. The lack of appropriate procedures indicates the potential violations of rights of the interested citizens as well as it points to excessive discretion of the authorities. Finally, it is recommended to enact the necessary procedures.

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POLOŽAJ BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U JUGOSLAVENSKOJ ZAJEDNICI OD ZAVNOBIH-A DO USTAVA SR BIH

Author(s): Hamdija Čemerlić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 4/1968

The author gives a short survey of the process' of the unification of the South Slav peoples and the inner administration of the common state. It has been stated that from the time of the birth of the idea of unification to its realization there were various view points on both the individuality of peoples who were to enter this state community and their position in the common state. The solution of this question in the pre-war Yugoslavia has been touched upon paying special attention to the position of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the programmes of those political forces which clashed on the question of the inner organization of the common state. It is striking that in the pre-war times none of the more important bourgeois political parties recognized individuality of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Indeed, it was this question on which they bitterly clashed; even the Communist party of Yugoslavia up to the eve of the Second World War had not a clearly defined view. Tire question of the position of Bosnia and Herzegovina was dealt with more seriosiy since the time of the Cvetković-Maček Treaty, but that process was stopped by the war.

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Mlada Bosna

Author(s): Veselin Masleša / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2015

Босански устав од 1914 примљен је разнолико. Пријем је био нека врста огледала политичких и социјалних односа у земљи. Грађанске политичке групације сматрале су устав политичким добитком и успехом. Др Никола Стојановић, један од водећих политичара тог доба, објавио је, у очекивању новог устава, један опширнији начелни чланак у коме се каже: „Какав год устав био - ваља од њега створити базу за идући рад. Као Срби навикли смо се на борбу, као демократе ми морамо да се навикнемо на активност... Ако тако схватимо наш положај нас неће ниједна од поменутих влада (аустриска и мађарска - В.М.) моћи изиграти. Ми ћемо штавише бити тражени и драгоцени савезници свакој од њих, кад јој буде требала наша помоћ и - кад она осигура или даде боље гаранције за напредак наше отаџбине". Дакле, још пре доношења устава, у његово предвечерје, др Стојановић га прима као базу будућег рада, „какав био год“, и примајући га, опомиње да сада долази - не борба, него демократска активност, која може довести до корисних савезништава и то не са српском, него на аустриском и мађарском владом. Наравно, ако једна од њих „осигура или даде боље гаранције за напредак наше отаџбине". [...]

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A jedan razlog menja sve: kontrola ustavnosti Briselskog sporazuma u svetlu doktrine političkog pitanja

Author(s): Violeta Beširević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2016

On December 10th, 2014 the Constitutional Court of Serbia rendered a decision declaring itself incompetent to review so-called „Brussels Agreement“, governing the normalization of relations between the Government of the Republic of Serbia and Interim Institutions of Local Self-Government in Priština. The Constitutional Court based its decision on procedural grounds, finding that neither Brussels Agreement nor internal acts adopted by the Serbian Government and National Assembly with regard to that Agreement, could be subjected to judicial review in accordance with Article 167 of the Serbian Constitution. The author of this article agrees with the Court decision, but not with its reasoning leading to a denial of jurisdiction. The article offers alternative road to a declaration of incompetence, which the Court could have reached following the separation of powers principle and the political question doctrine. Starting from the comparative constitutional jurisprudence, the contents and aims of the Brussels Agreement, as well as political context in which it was reached, the author of this article has shown the following: (a) the Brussels Agreement was not reached in order to allow the refunctioning of the state power on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija, but to protect the Serbian people living at KiM and general state interests to the extent possible in the given political situation, until the re-establishment of full sovereignty; (b) the Constitutional Court could not establish its jurisdiction ratione materiae and decide whether the protective mechanisms, envisaged in the Agreement, that is – the establishment of a Community/ Association of municipalities in which Serbs represented a majority of the population, as well as organization of judicial power and police units, could have protected Serbs and general state interests in Kosovo and Metohija, because this was a political question which was unjusticiable and could not be resolved by legal standards.

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Tekst Briselskog sporazuma

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2016

Prvi sporazum o principima normalizacije odnosa Beograda i Prištine tj Republike Srbije i samoproglašene „Republike Kosovo“, poznat i kao Briselski sporazum je potpisan 19. aprila 2013. u Briselu. Sporazum su ispred Republike Srbije potpisali predsednik vlade Ivica Dačić i predsednik vlade samoproglašene „Republike Kosovo“ Hašim Tači. [...]

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Die staatsrechtlichen Ansichten von Lajos Thallóczy

Author(s): Éva Somogyi / Language(s): German Issue: 40/2010

Die Studie untersucht das Werk mit dem Titel „Das Verhältnis Ungarns zu Österreich“ von Lajos Thallóczy. Die Abhandlung präsentiert das Buch als ein Produkt und zugleich eine Quelle der staatsrechtlichen Ansichten und der gemeinsamen Identität der in den gemeinsamen Ministerien dienenden ungarischen Bürokraten-Elite. Einerseits schildert es die Staatsansicht dieser bürokratischen Elite, zu der auch Thallóczy gehörte, andererseits dient es der Gestaltung der Monarchieauffassung und der ungarischen Identität der zukünftigen Generationen, die nach den 1890er Jahren den Staatsdienst antreten. Der zentrale Gedanke des Buchs ist, dass die Grundlage der Gemeinschaft der im Reichsrat vertretenen Königreiche und Länder sowie der Länder der ungarischen Krone die Pragmatische Sanktion sei. Dies ist in der Notwendigkeit der gemeinsamen Verteidigung begründet, aber die gemeinsamen Angelegenheiten schaffen noch keine Reichsgemeinschaft, also kein über den beiden Staaten stehendes gemeinsames Reich. In der Auffassung Thallóczys steht an der Spitze der gemeinsamen Verwaltung der Monarch, d. h. der Kaiser von Österreich und zugleich König von Ungarn. Laut dieser Interpretation kommt dem Herrscher eine besondere Rolle zu: durch seine Person wird die Zugehörigkeit zum Habsburgerreich möglich, ohne dass eine über beide Länder stehende Gesamtmonarchie anerkannt werden müsse.

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Pitanje o konstitutivnosti naroda u ustavno-pravnoj praksi Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Muhamed Filipović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 37/2007

U svom prilogu autor daje prikaz ukupnih uvjeta života u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji i ukazuje na uzroke njenog brzog pada pod vlast Hitlerove Njemačke, njeno komadanje i kapitulaciju režimskih, rojalisitčkih i nacionalističkih snaga i njihovu saradnju sa fašizmom. Ukazuje na pojavu alternativne i antifašističke politike pod vođstvom KPJ koja je povela rat protiv fašizma i čija su politička i vojna snaga i utjecaj stalno rasli sve do toga kada je mogla planirati stvaranje novog državnog pravednijeg i modernijeg republikanskog i federativnog uređenja, čiji je dio bila i obnova bosanske državnosti i nastanak federalne Republike Bosne i Hercegovine.

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Deklaracija ZAVNOBiH-a o pravima građana Bosne i Hercegovine – Historijski značaj i aktuelnost –

Author(s): Kasim Trnka / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 37/2007

U svom prilogu autor izlaže sadržaj i ocjenjuje značenje dviju Rezolucija donesenih na dva prva zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a, onog u Mrkonjić Gradu 1943. i onog u Sanskom Mostu 1944. godine. On nastoji da ukaže u čemu je historijska važnost i kakav je demokratski i uopće ustavno-pravni sadržaj i politička orijentacija tih dokumenata, kojima je ne samo obnovljena bosanska državnost nego i definiran demokratski sadržaje nove države.

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Приказ: За Тита или за краља, Избори за Уставотворну скупштину 11. новембра 1945

Author(s): Dragomir Bondžić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2008

Prikaz/The review of: Момчило Павловић, За Тита или за краља, Избори за Уставотворну скупштину 11. новембра 1945, Институт за савремену историју, Београд 2007, 423

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The Dayton Accords: Anchor to the Past or Bridge to the Future?

Author(s): Steven E. Meyer / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2012

The Dayton Accords, signed in 1995, aimed to do things: end hostilities in Bosnia and establish the framework for a working relationship among the three major ethnic groups that would lead to the establishment of a centralized, unified, multi-ethnic, democratic, free enterprise state in the Balkans.While the Accords did end the Bosnian iteration of the Balkan wars of the 1990s, it has been woefully inadequate as a vehicle to political success, at least as its authors and supporters intended it to be. Although all eleven annexes were supposed to play a role in establishing the political framework, Annex IV—as the constitution for the new state—was tasked with defining the primary structures and functions of the hoped for relationship. The stated objective of Western officials was that Bosnia would evolve quickly under the guiding hand of the “international community.”The difficulties in fashioning that state are now well documented. Indeed, no sooner had the Dayton Accords been signed, than there were calls to revise them and even abandon them for something better, something that would more permanently cement the constitutional order of Bosnia in place. Most of these calls came from Washington, from many of the same people who had authored the Dayton process in the first place, including Ambassador Richard Holbrooke, the chief architect. Ever since 1995 there has been no dearth of criticism and speculation about the Accords, especially the veracity and usefulness of Annex IV. Seemingly, we never tire of debating the future of Bosnia and what it will take to make it a truly modern, functioning European state.

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Генеза конститутивности и државотворности Републике Српске. Конститутивни акти у Босни и Херцеговини у 1990. и 1991. години

Author(s): Radomir Nešković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2012

Constitutional (statehood) or foundation acts are those on which the establishment of a state is founded. These acts determine its statehood entities (part-owners of the state) in which the foundations of state organisation are defined. All other authorities (legislative, executive and administrative, and judicial) are extracted from constitutional acts which are synthesised in the Constitution as the highest political and legal act. Constitutional acts in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the abovementioned period influenced each other as the domino effect, since one act caused the adoption of another, thus, each state-building act had the cause and consequence feature. Constitutional act of representatives of a nation caused the adoption of a similar act among representatives of another nation, which resulted in the statehood authority losing its unique character and being “torn apart” into three national state-building authorities. In this text we mention the basic constitutional acts preceding the establishment of the Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Догађаји и чињенице о настанку Републике Српске. Хронологија збивања 1990–1995. и даље

Author(s): Slobodan Nagradić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2012

This paper presents events and facts concerning the establishment of the Republic of Srpska which was legalised and internationally and legally recognised in the Dayton Peace Agreement and in the Constitution of BH as a state-building entity in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Facts and events related to the creation of this state entity are given by criteria and principles of chronology as a supporting historical science, that is, following the time sequence of its creation and manifestations. The material thus presented, which is necessarily selective, clearly shows which social, historical and political processes caused and affected the genesis of the creation of Republika Srpska, that is, when and where they happened and who were their participants.

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Konstitucionalizam u ruhu evolucionizma. Neki aspekti teorije države i prava Friedrich von Hayek-a

Author(s): Aleksandar Savanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2012

In this paper, we analyse the relationship between the theory of state and law by Friedrich Von Hayek and the constitutionalist tradition of the 18th and 19th century, with emphasis on Hayek’s evolutionary interpretation of the origin of state institutions. We will point out the specificity of evolutionary approach in the context of the distribution of powers concept, especially the functional role of the legal system and special emphasis on the role of judicial authorities in the development of law. In this aspect, Hayek’s theory of state contains one of the fundamental critics of democratic political procedures. The key aspect marking the Hayek’s approach to the theory of law is the strong emphasis on the verge of rationality and therefore the marked importance of customary and traditional norms in the preservation of the legal system rationality, as well as the subordination of legislation to what Hayek calls law.

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Hajek, filozof prava. Konstitucionalizam u ruhu evolucionizma

Author(s): Aeon James Skoble / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2012

In this paper we analyze the relationship between Hayek’s theory of the state and law and the constitutionalist tradition of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with a focus on Hayek’s evolutionists interpretation of the origin of social institutions. I will suggest the specificity of the evolutionist approach in the context of the concept of separation of powers, and especially the functional role of the legal system, and specific emphasis on the role of the judges in the development of law. A key aspect that characterizes Hayek’s approach to the theory of law is a strong emphasis on the verge of rationality and, consequently, increased the importance of customary and traditional norms in preserving the rationality of the legal system.

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Како неправо постаје право

Author(s): Milan Blagojević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2012

There are a lot of things in constitutional legal order in Bosnia and Herzegovina that attracts our attention. It has already been pointed out by many authors and many times that both letter of B&H Constitution and its implementation (what in american constitutional and legal literature is called constitution in action) have a numerous strangeness. In the countries that have constitution in formal sense it can be understood and tolerated in some extent the need of political actors to have a letter of domestic constitution interpreted in a way that correspond to their political interests in their everyday mutual political campaign. Such understanding and toleration are acceptable since, in final, their opinion is not legally binding. But, when the court does so, the court which have a highest place ih judiciary, such appearance is a true dangerous and every well meaning man should be worried for that. Exactly such question is a topic of this paper. It is so due to the fact that a way on which Constitutional Court of B&H decided in a case from 2000 (on constituionality of the peoples in B&H) unmasked readiness of some judges of that Court to put their functions in service of a realization of certain political interests. There is no ground neither in the letter nor in the spirit of B&H Constitution for the decision they took in that case, and today it (this case) is few bespoken here in B&H. Decision of European Court on Human Rights in case Sejdic-Finci (from 2009) is also subject of this paper. By this decision the European Court illegally put itself into position of institution which wants to make a constitutional revision in an unconstitutional way, just as it was done before by the Constitutional Court of B&H in the aforesaid case from 2000.

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O VIZIUNE GLOBALĂ ASUPRA SITUAȚIEI PATRIMONIALE A SOȚULUI SUPRAVIEȚUITOR ÎN DREPTUL ROMAN

Author(s): Alina-Emilia Ciortea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

We conducted an analysis of the succession rights of surviving spouse the succession rights of surviving spouse in Ancient Roman Law, Pretorian Law and Imperial Roman Law. Thus, we have done research starting from the Law of Twelve Tables, dating from Ancient Roman Law and we have come across the years until Iustinian’s Codification, in the 6th century BC. The focus is mainly on the historical and sociological context in which the surviving spouse had a usufruct over the decedent’s share which was generated by the transmission of the estate of the deceased and the termination of the matrimonial regime. Concerning every relevant historical period, we have studied the mandatory conditions that needed to be fulfilled in order to provide a legal usufruct to the surviving spouse. However, to enhance the fluency of the study, we have made some remarks related to the rights of the surviving spouse and other heirs, in general.

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ПРАВОТО НА НАСЛЕДЯВАНЕ – РИМСКОПРАВНИ ОСНОВИ

Author(s): Ventsislav L. Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

In the article are researched the roots of the right of inheritance, as a right to accept or to renounce the inheritance, in the Roman private law. An overview over the acquirement of the inheritance in the different periods of the development of the Roman law is made. The author noticed the status of the different groups of heirs in every one of the periods. A conclusion is made that one part of the heirs received a right, which is the same like the right of in-heritance in the contemporary Succession law.

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ИСТОРИЯТА НА НЕНАИМЕНОВАНИТЕ ДОГОВОРИ И НЕЗАПОЧНАТИТЕ ДЕБАТИ ЗА ТЯХ В СЪВРЕМЕННОТО НИ ПРАВО

Author(s): Dimitar Stoimenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The article deals briefly with the historical development of the innominate contracts, from mere agreements not fitting into any of the classical categories of the Roman contracts – the formal, real and consensual contracts to a bunch of diverse pacts which were actionable and had a binding character for the parties who concluded them. After the terminological clarifications introduced by the glossators and under the influence of the cannon lawyers, the commercial practices and the school of the natural lawyers there is no further doubt that innominate contracts have the same binding effect between the parties as all typical contracts, e.g. the sale, the lease and the mandate. The principle “pacta sunt servanda” becomes the major concept behind the conclusion of a contract in the European codifications of the XIX century. The next chapter of the article makes an overview of the regime of the innominate contracts in Bulgarian law after the Bulgarian Deliberation until present by rendering the Bulgarian readers a possible answer how to find the rules applicable to the innominate contracts.

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Министерството на правосъдието не разчете правилно договора за функционирането на ЕС

Author(s): Katerina Yocheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2010

In the present article the author (who was a participant in the selection procedure under discussion in the paper) shares her views on the developments concerning the organization and the consequences of the selection procedure for a new Bulgarian judge in the General court to the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) in Luxembourg. The procedure, which was based on a Decree No 214/2010 adopted by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria, failed at the end because of the irregularities vitiating initially some of the provisions of the above mentioned Decree which are inconsistent with the binding provisions of the TFEU. According to the author the solution for the deadlock following the unsuccessful selection procedure lies in a prompt and indispensable procedure for preliminary ruling before the CJEU for the interpretation of the relevant Treaty provisions. In the present article the author (who was a participant in the selection procedure under discussion in the paper) shares her views on the developments concerning the organization and the consequences of the selection procedure for a new Bulgarian judge in the General court to the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) in Luxembourg. The procedure, which was based on a Decree No 214/2010 adopted by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria, failed at the end because of the irregularities vitiating initially some of the provisions of the above mentioned Decree which are inconsistent with the binding provisions of the TFEU. According to the author the solution for the deadlock following the unsuccessful selection procedure lies in a prompt and indispensable procedure for preliminary ruling before the CJEU for the interpretation of the relevant Treaty provisions.

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Parlamentarny system rządów w Polsce i Niemczech po I wojnie światowej

Author(s): Katarzyna Dunaj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The end of the First World War coincided in Poland and Germany with the birth of a parliamentary system of government. However, while Poland adopted classical political devices derived from the then model a la française, which at that time dominated, Germany decided to create an original parliamentary system of government, with the strong position of a president elected by universal and direct election. It soon turned out that in both countries this resulted in a “democracy that came too soon”. Quite quickly, crisis and the collapse of parliamentary rule occurred. The subject of the analysis undertaken by the author is the reflection on the solutions of the German Constitution of 1919 and the Polish March Constitution of 1921, which shaped the parliamentary system of government, with particular reference to the premises that led to crisis and the collapse of parliamentary democracy.

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