Przedmiotowy zakres ochrony działalności wchodzącej w zakres sprawowania mandatu parlamentarnego (art. 105 ust. 1 konstytucji)

Author(s): Krzysztof Grajewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Based on the assumption existing in the case law of the ECtHR, according to which freedom of activity of democratically elected members of parliament requires the level of protection necessary to ensure the implementation of democratic principles, the author provides an analysis of the regulations on the legal protection of MP’s activities which fall within the scope of the exercise of his/her parliamentary functions. In assessing the scope of this protection, a key role is played by the interpretation of the concept of “activities falling within the scope of a parliamentary mandate.” It includes any activity undertaken by an MP which is established in the existing legislation and consists in the performance of substantive powers or duties of the Deputy, regardless of whether it is conducted either within or outside Parliament. This notion does not encompass those actions that are not closely connected with the exercise of their mandate but, for example, are aimed at establishing an organizational framework for the exercise of the mandate or are taken by a Deputy acting as a private individual or a member of another State authority (e.g. the Council of Ministers, the National Council of the Judiciary). These so-defi ned parliamentary activities are protected primarily by the provision of Article 105 para. 1 of the Constitution and those provisions of the Act on the Exercise of the Mandate of a Deputy or Senator which establish parliamentary immunity, (including the so-called material immunity and formal immunity connected with it), applied only when MPs undertake activities falling within the scope of the mandate. Material immunity means non-accountability (non-liability) of a Deputy for above-mentioned acts, except where their actions infringe the rights of third parties. In the event that the activity of an MP, falling within the scope of the exercise of his/her parliamentary functions, violates the rights of third parties, substantive immunity will not be applied, and formal immunity (inviolability) may be used instead. In such case, the Deputy may be held responsible before court only upon consent given by the chamber of parliament. None of the examined types of immunity may be considered either as a right or freedom of the person.

Wyrok Trybunału Konstytucyjnego o braku niezgodności a przewlekłość postępowania sądowego

Author(s): Jan Uniejewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The paper deals with the problem of excessive length of judicial proceedings caused by a court bringinga legal question to the Constitutional Tribunal. These refl ections are an attempt to answer thequestion — whether or not it is acceptable to claim the asking court for the length of the proceedingsdue to release of a judgment concerning the absence of non-compliance. The refl ections begins withan explanation of the ideal of that kind of judgments and their legal effects. The paper also deals witha question of whether mistakes done by the asking court in its legal question should be understoodas an exclusive basis of liability in respect of the excessive length of judicial proceedings. Accordingto the author, it is possible to claim the asking court for the length of the proceedings in that particularsituation, but it is subject to several conditions which would exclude this kind of responsibility(this article presents those conditions).

Rząd i sprawy zagraniczne w konstytucjonalizmie niemieckim

Author(s): Ryszard Mariusz Małajny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article starts with the overview of the evolution of the concept of Regierung which exists in Germanliterature from the fi fteenth century. The author, fi rst of all, deals with historical concepts and,then, with contemporary issues. In the period of constitutional monarchy, the German scientists usedthe term “government” to mean the entire activity of the state. However, some authors have conceivedit more narrowly, as the entire state power, but with the exception of the legislative and judicialbranches. In contrast, from contemporary perspective, the government is considered as that partof the executive which makes creative decisions, applies political initiative, conducts oversight overthe activities of the executive and exercises general management of the state. Subsequently, the authordiscusses the functions of government, the term “organizational power”, the interpretation ofthe term Auswärtige Gewalt and the procedure for concluding international agreements by the FederalRepublic of Germany. The fi nal part of the article provides conclusions.

W sprawie dopuszczalności łączenia mandatu poselskiego z funkcją dyrektora oddziału regionalnego Kasy Rolniczego Ubezpieczenia Społecznego

Author(s): Piotr Chybalski,Andrzej Szmyt / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 6 października 2015 r. (sygn. akt SK 54/13)

Author(s): Michał Ożóg / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Stephen Tierney, Constitutional Referendums. The Theory and Practice of Republican Deliberation

Author(s): Marcin Rulka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The Use of Foreign Precedents by Constitutional Judges, red. Tania Groppi, Marie-Claire Ponthoreau

Author(s): Anna Michalak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Právní postavení náboženských menšin, red. Harald Christian Scheu, Jakub Křiž, Kateřina Děkanovská

Author(s): Paweł Leszczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Wojsko i konstytucja; Wojciech Sokolewicz

Author(s): Paweł Sarnecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Spór o tryb wyboru i kadencję Prezesa Trybunału Konstytucyjnego

Author(s): Andrzej Szmyt / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article discusses procedures for election and term of office of the President of the Constitutional Tribunal. The election procedure is discussed especially in the context of relations between the Constitutional Tribunal and the President of the Republic of Poland. The term of offi ce of President of the Tribunal is examined from the perspective of both the existing legal framework and the interruption of the current term. An analysis is based on constitutional regulations (constitutional acts of Polish People’s Republic since 1982, the Constitution of 1997), statutes (1985, 1997, 2015), draft amendments to existing regulations, appropriate proposals submitted to the Tribunal and the Tribunal’s judgments.

Odmowa mianowania sędziów konstytucyjnych (casus Słowacji)

Author(s): Anna Chmielarz-Grochal,Jarosław Sułkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The procedure for appointing judges of the Constitutional Court in Slovakia does not differ significantly from the solutions adopted in other European countries. The Slovak model has similaritieswith the solutions adopted in 1991 in relation to the judges of the Constitutional Court of the Czechand Slovak Federal Republic. The procedure for appointing constitutional judges included — at theinitial stage — the entities involved in legal practice and study of law, whereas the creative powerwas de lege ferenda based on the cooperation between the National Council and the President of the Slovak Republic. Despite the involvement of various stakeholders, the appointment is de facto a politicalprocess, since the fi nal decisions are taken by political authorities. An important issue, whichconcerns the nomination of judges, is the scope of discretionary powers of the head of state in theassessment of candidates for appointment to judicial office. Given that the President appoints judgesfrom among candidates nominated at the request of the National Council, the we cannot accept theapproach limiting the role of the President of the Republic to that of the notary public devoid ofthe possibility of effecting membership of the constitutional court. Disputable is also the view expressed in the judgment of 17 March 2015 imposing on the President an absolute obligation to appoint a judge from among of the two candidates. The appointment of judges is the responsibilityof President of the Republic and is associated with its obligation to ensure continuous work of theconstitutional court. Continuity may be threatened not only if the President refuses to appoint in anarbitrary manner, but also when he appoints to the membership of the court persons whose activitiesmay interfere with its proper functioning. It is also hard to accept the idea that the head of state wouldhave the full impact on the process of nominating judges. The President cannot freely decide whowill be the judge, nor can he/she spontaneously assess whether the candidate meets the requirementof having appropriate work experience. Possessing a knowledge of law should be the subject of publicdebate, a kind of competition between the candidates, and not a tool by which the President mayreject the candidates nominated to him.

W sprawie poselskiego projektu uchwały wzywającej Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej do wykonania wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 3 grudnia 2015 r. oraz odebrania ślubowań od sędziów Trybunału Konstytucyjnego

Author(s): Krzysztof Skotnicki,Andrzej Szmyt / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 3 grudnia 2015 r. (sygn. akt K 34/15) .

Author(s): Bogusław Banaszak,Marcin Wiącek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Wojciech Dziedziak, "O prawie słusznym (perspektywa systemu prawa stanowionego)", Wydawnictwo Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Lublin 2015, s. 309

Author(s): Roman Andrzej Tokarczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

red. Piotr Radziewicz, "Kontrola legalności ustawy w Sejmie", Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 2015, s. 311

Author(s): Piotr Czarny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

red. Anna Łabno, "Idea solidaryzmu we współczesnym prawie konstytucyjnym. Doświadczenia polskie i międzynarodowe", Wydawnictwo Sejmowe, Warszawa 2015, s. 439

Author(s): Andrzej Madeja / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Ustrój konstytucyjny Bośni i Hercegowiny. Wybrane problemy

Author(s): Dorota Lis-Staranowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Spotkanie dyskusyjne w redakcji „Przeglądu Sejmowego” na temat „Prezydent a rząd”, Warszawa, dnia 19 listopada 2015 r.

Author(s): Ewa Ćwiękała / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Zagadnienia parlamentarne w orzecznictwie innych państw Rosja: uchwała Sądu Konstytucyjnego Federacji Rosyjskiej z dnia 1 lipca 2015 r. w sprawie interpretacji art. 96 ust. 1 oraz art. 99 ust. 1, 2 oraz 4 Konstytucji Federacji Rosyjskiej, sygn. 18-P

Author(s): Marcin Rulka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Glosa do decyzji Izby Konstytucyjnej Sądu Najwyższego Republiki Kirgizji z dnia 11 lipca 2014 r.

Author(s): Andrzej Pogłódek,Bogusław Przywora / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016