3D Modeling Techniques for the Restoration and Conservation of Historical Buildings

Author(s): Cătălin Constantin Ceaușu,Alexandra Dreghici / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2020

In the restoration and conservation of historic buildings and monuments, for verification and repairs of any kind, accurate information on shape, size and architectural details are of utmost importance. The field of photogrammetry plays an important role in this process, through the possibilities of 3D modeling and representation of historical buildings and monuments. At present, there are a series of photogrammetric software with expertise in image processing algorithms, with digital photogrammetric techniques that establish the direction of development of the applied instruments. The process of photogrammetric modeling uses terrestrial and aerial images of the building attached to the solid model, obtaining a 3D realistic model. This is easily visualized, analyzed and modified by users, even in other fields, such as architecture or history. The advantage of the “multi-view 3D reconstruction technology” is the possibility to use images no matter the shooting distance, as long as each two images contain common points.

A bibliometric analysis on dependency theory

Author(s): Saleh Arman,Tazin Ahmed / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

Dependency theory, established after World War II, is a popular theory among economists to portray the relationship between the underdeveloped and the developed countries that conditions the ability of the underdeveloped countries to develop. Several concepts have been merged into this area from different corners, making it interdisciplinary. As a lucrative area of interest in research, the study would like to assess how the concept of dependency theory has been widely accepted among authors from different corners and schools of thoughts and how their research outputs make a significant notation in this area. The research conducted a bibliometric analysis on dependency theory. 1074 Scopus indexed documents in English were considered. The study covered the two pillars of bibliography analysis: performance analysis and science mapping. The study used several formulas to calculate parameters of performance analysis and availed Vosviewer software to make maps of science-mapping analysis. The study concluded that dependency theory is a significant theory in economics and has significant implications in different research publications. This bibliometric analysis surfaces the significance of this theory which would attract researchers in incorporating more interdisciplinary research.

A Database Management System in Real Estate Assessment

A Database Management System in Real Estate Assessment

Author(s): Voichița Roib / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2019

The paper presents a database management system created for real estate assessment. The proposed database contains data taken from the real estate market, the characteristics of the traded real estate properties, their trading prices. It also contains property-specific data, with depersonalized information. The database management system was created using the Geographic Information System (GIS), offers information on traded or assessed real estate properties, leading to a better use of resources, can contribute to the creation of a real database needed for assessing real estate properties and can also help the assessor establish a reasonable market value of the property.

A GIS Approach Regarding Tourism Suitability of Wetland Areas of Romania

A GIS Approach Regarding Tourism Suitability of Wetland Areas of Romania

Author(s): Nicu Ciobotaru,Theodor Lupei,Lucian Laslo,Monica Matei,Mădălina Boboc,Ana Maria Velcea,Gyorgy Deak / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

Tourism suitability refers to a certain touristic potential development regarding an area; considering the natural environment resources; the existing infrastructure and the number of tourists that visit the area for a certain amount of time. Tourism suitability also indicates how tourism resources can be exploited in a given area. To determine tourism suitability of the wetlands a set of spatial and statistical data with various sources were used. In the purpose of creating a set of maps that can reflect the level of tourism suitability; there were used spatial and statistical data for every locality that has a wetland nearby; data such as: localities and wetland placement; transportation network; bird; fish and amphibian species distribution; accommodation; inhabitants; tourists. The results of the analysis offered a series of indicators for tourism activities such as wetland suitability per locality.

A GIS Based Assessment of Renewable Energy Sources in Romania and Its Impact on Isolated Areas

A GIS Based Assessment of Renewable Energy Sources in Romania and Its Impact on Isolated Areas

Author(s): Casiana Marcu,Cristina Catita,Loredana Crengăniș,Florian Stătescu / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2016

Taking into account the significant potential of renewable energy sources in Romania, it is reasonable to use it in order to develop Romanian cities and rural regions. There are some current technologies that may be applied to rural sustainable development, such as new-generation photovoltaic panels and systems of passive heating of water.This paper presents an application of Analytic Hierarchy Process for selection of renewable energy sources and technology in context of Central Region of Romania. The option – solar energy have been evaluated based on selected criteria. The objective of our working paper is to analyze the renewable energy development policy in isolated areas of Romania. Renewable sources of energy play an important part in the sustainable supply of energy and in the sustainable economic and social development.Using a GIS model, the aim is to demonstrate which of the analyzed sources of energy is the most convenient to be used in a sustainable system, solar or electric network.

A Practical Methodology for the Determination of Density and Depths Indicators in the Habitat Fragmentation Caused by Geoprocessing

Author(s): Tudor Borşan,Ionuț Maican / Language(s): English Issue: 29/2020

The present paper proposes a methodology consisting of a guide for the capitalisation of analytical principles that offer quantitative valences to the habitat by using the geoprocessing functions of GIS. The analysis is based on a complex of processes and operations performed in toolsets and leading to the determination of specific coefficients of the density and depth of habitat fragmentation.

A Test Facility for Verification of Length Measurements

A Test Facility for Verification of Length Measurements

Author(s): Orthodoxia Arabatzi,Nikolaos Koyvas,Vassilios Pagounis,Maria Tsakiri / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

This paper describes the design and measurement of an internal test facility for length measurements. The purpose of setting up this control baseline is mainly to verify precision instruments of a few millimeters such as geodetic total stations and laser scanner instruments for educational and research activities. The paper describes the measurement process for the baseline reference distances using an absolute laser tracker and the statistical results of the tests using the baseline for two proprietary total stations.

Acquiring and Processing of Field Information Based on UAV, GNSS and GIS Technologies

Acquiring and Processing of Field Information Based on UAV, GNSS and GIS Technologies

Author(s): Mihai Valentin Herbei,George Popescu,Adrian Smuleac,Alin Cosmin Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The present work consists in taking photogrammetric images with the help of the drones, making their mosaic and georeferencing of the orthophotoplan resulting in the national stereographic projection system 1970. The flight took place at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Banat, King Mihai I of Romania, in Timisoara. Also, 15 targets were measured in the 1970 stereographic projection, based on GNSS technology. To achieve these objectives, the following equipment was used: PHANTOM 4 ADVANCED drones, GPS GS08, the 15 targets as well as the ArcGIS, PIX4D, SKYCATCH (iOS) data processing software’s.

Actual Approaches on the Water Utilities Data Models

Actual Approaches on the Water Utilities Data Models

Author(s): Ana Cornelia Badea,Gheorghe Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2018

In November 2017 the Technical Normatives about producing spatial datasets on public utility networks was approved and published by National Agency of Cadastre and Land Registration. Romania has undertaken the implementation of INSPIRE, so identifying the best ways to put it into practice is an essential step in the application of these rules. Currently there are developed models for water and sewerage networks, designed both using company software and open source software solutions. From cadastral and urban management viewpoint, it is very important that the utility networks to be correctly and complexly modeled, justifying the importance of presented analysis. Its importance is due to the fact that utilities networks are fundamental parts of the smart city concept, being integrated with the cadastral information. The implementation of concepts that lead to 3D modeling of standards-compliant utilities networks, while also offering open-source access, is a top priority, including at international level. The present article aims to analyze these models by highlighting their current status and defining important aspects.

Adjustment of GNSS Permanent Stations Network MOLDPOS

Adjustment of GNSS Permanent Stations Network MOLDPOS

Author(s): Iuliana Constantinov,Vasile Chiriac / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

The aim of this work is to analyze the GNSS measurements results at different periods of time in order to estimate the accuracy of GNSS network monitoring in Republic of Moldova and to describe the national position system MOLDPOS. The goals of this paper are: the analyze of position systems; analyze of GNSS bases processing methods; the study of GNSS measures processing software and the adjustment of permanent stations network and the comparative analysis of the results. The most important part of the work was achieved by using Leica Geo Office Software that allowed to calculate the GNSS permanent stations coordinates for 4 different periods of time with the help of which was possible to determinate the smallest average deviation from initial coordinates and to determinate the average square error both in altitude and plan, in this way it’s possible to find out which accuracy is the best from all periods of time. The achievements of this paper are: for 30 minutes with ±1 cm in plan and ±2.6 cm for altitude and is the best accuracy and the rest of the results are represented in the next way: 24 hours: in plan : ±0.9 cm and for altitude is ±3.4 cm; 60 minutes: in plan: ±1 cm and for altitude is ±2.7 cm; 15 minutes: in plan: ±1.6 cm and for altitude is ±3.5 cm;

Advanced UAV Lidar System for Geospatial Data Collection

Advanced UAV Lidar System for Geospatial Data Collection

Author(s): Octavian Balotă,Daniela Iordan,Gabriel Popescu,Daniel Ilie / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2019

There are presented 2 systems based on UAV equipment using a combination of 2 technologies Lidar and photogrammetry. Both UAV equipment, the hexacopter DJI M600 and the fix wing airplane TerraHawk CW-20 with vertical landing are collecting high density of Lidar points and aerial images.The paper presents the advantage of using high density of cloud points combined with high image resolution for collecting accurate and complete geospatial data. The registered area is divided in cells and specific algorithms are applied on cells in a tree structure for fast DTM and DSM generation. In house applications are used for cloud data processing and change detection. Some 3D modelling applications are also presented for different kind of objects.

Aerial Survey Test Project with DJI Phantom 3 Quadrocopter Drone

Aerial Survey Test Project with DJI Phantom 3 Quadrocopter Drone

Author(s): Tamás Jancsó,Peter Engler,Peter Udvardy / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2016

The paper deals with the optimization of the aerial triangulation based on UAS images. The images were taken with a DJI Phantom 3 quadrocopter and they were measured in Photomod Lite ver. 4.4. The bundle adjustment was carried out twice; first in Photomod Solver and later in BINGO ver. 6.8. During the adjustment 14 ground control points were used and 31 points were calculated as new points. Using these new points we could compare the coordinates to the coordinates received from the high-precision field surveying measurements. From the coordinate differences the calculated RMS errors of horizontal coordinates are around one pixel size on the ground and to 2.5 pixels vertically. The final results showed us that a non-metric camera at low flight height with a quadrocopter can be used effectively and accurately at aerial surveys of relatively small areas.

An estimation of potential flood losses in the context of floodplain development changes using GIS

Author(s): Ewa Głosińska,Łukasz Lechowski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

This paper aims to define the amount of changes in potential flood losses on the basisof spatial distribution patterns of floodplain development using GIS tools. A procedurefor potential flood loss estimation has been developed in which GIS tools have beenapplied. A procedure for calculating flood losses applied in Polish legislation has beenused. According to this survey, in Gryfino, which is situated on the Odra river in years1996–2007 potential hazard of flood loss grew as a result of grow of floodplain areasdevelopment

An Overview of Geoprocessing and Export Options for Creating 3D GIS Models Using Drone2Map

An Overview of Geoprocessing and Export Options for Creating 3D GIS Models Using Drone2Map

Author(s): Ana Cornelia Badea,Gheorghe Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2020

In this article the main topic of interest is to explore the processing possibilities offered by the latest version of Drone2Map. At the same time, we want to highlight the ways of sharing the 2D and 3D products obtained, but also the means of their subsequent analysis in the established GIS environment. One of the major advantages identified is primarily the interoperability of Drone2Map - ArcGIS Online – ArcGIS Pro.

An Overview on Space Time Cube Visualization in GIS

An Overview on Space Time Cube Visualization in GIS

Author(s): Ana Cornelia Badea,Gheorghe Badea / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2018

Over the last years, the STC (Space Time Cube) visualization method has been analyzed in many scientific papers in the literature. The term STC cames from cartography, meaning a geographical representation where time is treated as the third dimension.This model was introduced by the Swedish geographer Hägerstrand at the end of the sixties. When datasets involve more than one dimension in addition to time are difficult to visualize. In a geovisualization environment, maps as digital representations are used to emphasize visual thinking about geospatial patterns, relationships, trends. Currently, GIS technology offers dedicated tools that lead to interesting viewing results using this method, the cube and its contents being automatically created from a database. We reviewed some functions on temporal data, used to view geospatial data sets in different ways. Also in the case study, an earthquake dataset was used, which was represented using the STC method, but also in the form of a temporal slider application.

Analiza osiadania wybranych typów znaków osnowy geodezyjnej

Author(s): Łukasz Borowski,Agnieszka Lal,Krzysztof Nepelski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

The paper presents the studies of the possible causes of the excessive settlement of geodetic benchmarks. For the purpose of the study, two types of ground benchmarks (type 75a and b) were selected. The computational analysis was carried out on benchmarks situated in different soil conditions and under two variants of load. The parameters were modified in order to reach the interaction between the subsoil and the structure, which is the closest to the actual conditions. Obtained results were compared with the settlement noted in Kętrzyn district, during heights frame transformation from Kronsztadt’60 to Kronsztadt’86. As a result, possible change of heights of geodetic points between land surveying campaigns (circa 20 years) could be estimated.

Analiza dokładności określenia jednostkowej wartości nieruchomości metod korygowania ceny średniej

Author(s): Edward Sawiłow / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1-2/2006

The dissertation presents the basic rules of estimating the real estate using the method of correcting the average price. The pattern for estimating the real estate value by the method of correcting the average price into the lineal function of many variables has been transformed. The analysis of the precision of the method in relation to the precision achieved due to the lineal model of regression of multiple variables has been shown. The results confirm the smaller accuracy of estimating the real estate value using the method of correcting the average price in relation to the results from the model of linear regression of variables.

Analiza numeryczna i doświadczalna propagacji pola elektromagnetycznego w badaniach metodą georadarową

Author(s): Magdalena Rucka,Jacek Lachowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

This paper presents experimental tests by using the GPR method and numerical analysis of electromagnetic field propagation. The object of the experimental research was a ground floor structure. An antenna of frequency of emitted waves equal to 2 GHz was used for measurements. The paper also describes the numerical modelling of electromagnetic field with the use of the finite difference time domain method. Results of propagation of electromagnetic waves in a one-dimensional reinforced concrete specimen were presented.

Analiza numeryczna mostu gruntowo-stalowego

Author(s): Damian Bęben,Michał Wrzeciono / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2014

The paper presents a numerical analysis of the soil-steel bridge in the scope of static loads. The Abaqus program based on the FEM was used to calculations. Maximum displacements were obtained in the shell crown, and the largest stresses in the haunches. Calculation results were compared with the experimental ones and previous calculations obtained from the Robot Millenium program. The shapes of calculated displacements and stresses are similar to those obtained with the experiment, but the absolute values were generally higher than measured ones. Using both calculation programs, the relative reductions of displacement were in the range of 15–39%, and 17–44% for stresses in favour of the Abaqus program. Developed calculation model of the soil-steel bridge in the Abaqus program allows to obtain reasonable values of internal forces in the shell structure.

Analiza promjene uporabe zemljišta na primjeru Panonskih brda u Sloveniji

Author(s): Rok Ciglič,Jennifer Deriaz,Matija Zorn,Mateja Ferk,Dénes Lóczy / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 15/2019

In several Central European countries, land use changes can be analysed on the basis of the Franciscan Cadastre. The main aim of the paper was to analyse land use dynamics with the Franciscan Cadastre and modern land use data. The study was carried out by calculating land use structure and landscape metrics for a part of Slovenske Gorice region in Slovenia. The analysis showed that the forest area expanded, and fields and vineyards areas diminished. In general, today’s landscape is made of less patches, but they are larger and of more irregular shapes.