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Od producenta do konsumenta: determinanty transportu żywności w XXI wieku

Author(s): Aleksandra Górecka,Maria Zych Lewandowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The aim of the paper was to present main factors influencing development of worldwide transporting food. We underlined problems of creating more and more complex food supply chains. Moreover, we pointed out food production regionalization as the reasons for the current trend of increasing the volume and length of food transport. As a summary, we presented possible solution to the problem of environmental effects of food transport which can be implemented by customers, producers and also transport companies.

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ПЕРМСКАЯ МОНУМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ РИТОРИКА МЕСТНОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ: ПАМЯТНИКИ, ЭМБЛЕМЫ И АРТ ОБЪЕКТЫ В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ГОРОДА

Author(s): V.V. Abashev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

The article considers public monuments in a rhetorical perspective – as manifestations of local identity, or statements about the nature and mission of the city. It is demonstrated that there exist two competing monumental rhetorics in the urban environment of Perm. The industrial-military rhetoric unites an extensive group of monuments dating back to the Soviet era and those newly erected. Such monuments inscribe Perm into the heroic discourse of the Soviet epoch. Although the soviet memorial policy used to be universal for the whole state, in Perm it is not lacking for local individuality. Here, in particular, instruments of production and sample armament are displayed in the function of monuments. An alternative to this industrial-military rhetoric could be viewed in that of ‘Perm the Great’ (Perm’ Velikaya). It aggregates monuments appealing to the archaic heritage and ancient history of Perm Krai. This group of monuments suggests an image of Perm as a successor to the ancient culture, a city that made a special contribution to the history of Russian culture. Rhetoric of ‘Perm the Great’ was actively developed in the 2000-s. One of its distinctive features is the motive of Permian animal style. These are employed both in sculpture and in architectural decorum. The article establishes that the urban environment development highlights the multi layered and multidimensional nature of the city identity and its irreducibilty to a common denominator. Likewise, territory images construction, though sometimes acquiring a form of the search for a metaphysical substance of a city, such as Genius Loci, is in fact a ground for struggle and competition of various social, professional and political groups.

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В ПОИСКАХ МЕТОДА: ЭКСКУРСИИ НА ПРОМЫШЛЕННЫЕ ОББЕКТЫ ПЕТРОГРАДА-ЛЕНИНГРАДА В 1920-Е ГОДЫ

Author(s): N.A. Berezina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5-6/2015

The article considers the methodologies of excursions into factories and plants, as well as other industrial facilities of Petrograd-Leningrad. The author notes that the heads of "the cultural front" and the methodologists of excursion activities had emphasized the special importance of technical visits for school and out-of-school education. However, in the 1920s such excursions were among the most difficult types of excursions both for perception and for organization.

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«НЕ ХЛЕБОМ ЕДИНЫМ…»: ПРАКТИКИ ТРУДОВОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ СЕЛЬСКИХ ЖИТЕЛЕЙ (СЛУЧАЙ СЕЛА ПАРФЕНЬЕВО)

Author(s): I. N. Kodina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2014

The article analyzes the basic labor practices of Parfen'evо villagers, identified by the author's through the sociological case study in 2014. Practices of primary and secondary employment, employment practices in the private farms, unemployment practices, seasonal work practices and migration practices are analyzed. The author proves that professionally-labor sphere of Russian village life is considered to be a dominant sphere, defining the villagers mode of life.

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УРБАНИЗАЦИЯ КАК ХОЗЯЙСТВО: ВЕДОМСТВЕННЫЕ ГОРОДА НЕФТЕДОБЫВАЮЩИХ РАЙОНОВ ЗАПАДНОЙ СИБИРИ (1960 – 1980 гг.)

Author(s): I.N. Stasj / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2014

In this article the urbanisation process in the oil and gas producing regions of the Western Siberia in the period of oil and gas exploration (1960’s - 1980’s) is analysed. The region urbanisation is treated on three meta-levels – the organisation of towns’ resettlement system, urban environment formation, towns’ identity designing. Interaction and confrontation between main subjects of urbanisation – departmental and towns’ elite and discourses – took place exactly on these meta-levels. The author comes to a conclusion that urbanisation of oil and gas producing regions of the Western Siberia was of departmental origin and matter: resettlement system was adjusted to the town-planning experience of departments; urban environment was formed as the mixture of isolated departmental economies; towns served as “seigneurial oikos”. There was no towns’ identity, and identification of towns’ citizens was principally based upon the industrial characteristic.

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ЭКЗОГЕННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫХ ГОРОДОВ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СЕВЕРА РОССИИ (ВТОРАЯ ПОЛОВИНА 1960-Х – ПЕРВАЯ ПОЛОВИНА 1980-Х гг.)

Author(s): R.S. Kolokolchikova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2014

The author reveals the conflicting processes of the controlled Soviet urbanization in the European North of Russia coming out in increased diseases incidence of the population in the industrial cities – engines of industrial development of the region. The risk factors in the cities of those typological groups for the incidence of the sexually transmitted diseases, dynamics and trends of morbidity are analyzed too.

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БРЕНДИНГ ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНОГО ГОРОДА: ПОИСК СМЫСЛОВ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ НИЖНЕГО ТАГИЛА)

Author(s): L.E. Dobreitsina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2013

The article is written as a reflection on the possibilities of brand development for Nizhny Tagil, a typical Ural industrial town. The author considers the positives and negatives of “industrial town” brand and the opportunities presented in this regard by traditional crafts – namely, Tagil painted trays, and also by natural resources, i.e. malachite. The two brand themes proposed here are already partially being realized in Tagil, but, in author’s opinion, they could benefit from more vigorous development: Tagil as a town of craftsmen (inventors, artists) and Tagil as a domain of Demidov family (the famous industrialists and philanthropists). This text provides justification of these two brands both from the historical point of view, and based on the realities of contemporary life. The conclusion is that, by complementing each other, these two themes will help to realize the main and obvious brand of Tagil as an industrial town, a factory town – by doing this on a substantially better, more positive, “humanized” level.

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КАТЕГОРИЯ «ЛЕГЕНДАРНЫЙ ГОРОД» И ЕЕ ФУНКЦИИ ДЛЯ ГЕОИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО РЕГИОНА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДНЕПРОВСКОГО НАДПОРОЖЬЯ)

Author(s): O.E. Afanasyev,A.E. Trotsenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2013

Современный ландшафт в географии давно перестал быть просто территорией, превратившись в сложную систему пространственно-смысловых значений. В этом ракурсе в объект географических исследований входят мифические, легендарные географические объекты как сложные пространственно-ментальные системы, основанные на представлениях людей о территориях, на образах мест. Особое место в этих системах занимают «легендарные города» — известные из тех или иных исторических источников населенные пункты, которые на сегодняшний день не локализованы достоверно в пространстве. С ни- ми, как правило, связан огромный информационно семиотический пласт, являющийся неотъемлемой частью духовной культуры народа.

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“If These Walls Could Talk”: Street Art and Urban Belonging in the Athens of Crisis

Author(s): Myrto Tsilimpounidi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Political street art and slogans appear as visual markers of the shifting, complex discourses of power struggles, marginality, and countercultures that establish a new reality which must be seen and heard. As an art form, it is largely connected to and inspired by the existing social conditions. In the era of crisis, the central Athens of bygone years is now a terrain of conflict and metamorphosis, and the city’s walls are screaming a thousand stories. In other words, city walls are the canvas, and social conditions are the paint in a gallery of untold stories. Redefined symbols, decomposed stereotypes, re visioned aesthetics, and antiracist slogans are the tools for the transformation of walls into social diaries. In this light, street art is examined as a form of social diary, a visual history of marginalized and minority groups. Street art captures the need for self-expression in a changing environment, and street artists actively participate in the production of culture in the micro level by consciously contributing to the need for urban re-visions.

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Исследуя церковную общину в малом городе: роль священника и другие аспекты православной общинности

Author(s): Polina Vrublevskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2015

This article is devoted to the everyday life of an Orthodox parish in a small town in Russia. Starting with a critical analysis of existing approaches to measuring religiosity, the author tries to find ”communal” dimensions of religiosity, which typify Orthodox Christianity in today’s Russia. The text traces the history of the local churchsince its restoration and analyzes a variety of interactions and the development ofrelations among Orthodox parishioners, as well as their relations with the priests. Drawing on ethnographic data and interviews, the author identifies indicators suitable for analyzing parish life and what it means to belong to the parish community. The conclusion is that the parish community is formed of extensive and continuous interactions among parishioners that are not limited to religious practices yet still initiated by clergy. It is suggested that the figure of the priest should take a central place when studying Orthodox parish communities. The article also describes how to incorporate these aspects into further investigations of Orthodox Christianity.

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The Soul of Stone: Mineral Symbolism in Vepsian Villages of Karelia

Author(s): Anna Varfolomeeva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

This article is a case study of the northern Vepses, an indigenous group residing in the Republic of Karelia, and their relations with mining industry. As early as the eighteenth century, Vepses in Karelia were involved in the extraction of rare decorative minerals (gabbro-diabase and raspberry quartzite), and this involvement continues today. The article discusses the variety of symbolic meanings stone has for contemporary residents of Vepsian villages, who see it simultaneously as a source of hardship, struggle, and pride. Local residents view nature and stoneworking as interconnected, seeing mining development in the region as a consequence of its natural richness. This case study illustrates that indigenous lifestyles, industrial development, and nature may be perceived as coexisting and interconnected elements.

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GİRESUN’ DA KUVA-YI MİLLİYE. HIRÇIN AKARDI HARŞIT ÇAY’I!

Author(s): Mustafa Köse / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2009

Giresun ilinin Tirebolu ilçesinin Görele ve Çanakçı ilçelerine giden yolunda, Kör liman denen yerde, Gümüşhane’nin yüksek dağlarından kopup gelen suların aktığı yer boyunca dağların dar ve sarp yamaçlarından koca koca taşları, sivri çakılları koparıp bir hızla akan, yemyeşil orman, fındık ve çay bahçelerinden geçen Harşıt Çayı akmaktadır. Üzerindeki köprüden yukarı doğru baktığınız zaman çok hoş, değişik görüntüdeki tepe ve dağlar görünür. Köprüye arkanızı döndüğünüzde ise Harşıt Çayı’nın hırçın suyunun, çırpınan Karadeniz’in dalgalarına karıştığını görürsünüz. Havanın berrak olduğu günlerde bir yanı Trabzon, bir yanı Giresun sınırlarında kalan koca Sis Dağı görülür.

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KİÇİK SAHİBKARLIQ SAHƏSİNDƏ RƏQABƏTİN İNKİŞAFI VƏ ANTİİNHİSAR SİYASƏTİNİN AKTUAL PROBLEMLƏRİ

Author(s): Vüqar Mehralı Nəzərov / Language(s): Azerbaijani Issue: 6/2010

In article is noticed that creation and protection of the competitive environment providing development of small business in the conditions of transitive economy should is in the centre of economic strategy of the state. The researcher on an example of Azerbaijan offers complex measures in this area.

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AZƏRBAYCANDA URBANİZASİYA PROSESLƏRİ VƏ ŞƏHƏRLƏRİN İNKİŞAF PROBLEMLƏRİ

Author(s): Z.N. Eminov / Language(s): Azerbaijani Issue: 6/2010

Many factors exert influence on the development of towns and growth of population. Some of them are: natural-geographical conditions, utilization of natural resources, migrations, construction of new economic objects, development of labour spheres, etc. Under the influence of these processes a number of towns have been formed and developed at the second half of the XIX century and at the beginning of the XX century in Azerbaijan. Baku developed rapidly and the numbers of migrants increased because of the expansion of oil production in Absheron. Therefore the share of population increased several times during some ten years.

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Uwarunkowania tworzenia 'Sieci najciekawszych wsi'. Wyniki oceny eksperckiej 50 polskich miejscowości

Author(s): Marcin Wójcik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Transformations that occur in Polish rural areas also impact tourism and recreation enterprises. Starting the rural development programs successfully activates processes of modernisation in many fields of social and economic life, including material base (infrastructure), which is an essential element in the functioning of settlement systems. The aim of this study is to present selected results of the expert analysis of 50 Polish villages, which are characterised by a high concentration of cultural values – material, institutional and spiritual. The assessment of a group of rural settlements was meant to determine the potential for creating the Network of the Most Interesting Villages (SNW). The article presents the factual basis for such evaluation, the differentiation in group of villages according to selected traits, especially those describing the infrastructural plane for developing the tourism and recreational functions. The recipe for success includes many elements. The most important ones include attractive spatial configuration in which there is no shortage of central locations that are the focus of educational and recreational functions, the social awareness of the value of one’s own heritage and the ability to describe it (the purpose of stay), the existence of long-lasting institutions referring to the historical memory and communal activities, the ability to create the media for narration placed in the internal environment, somewhat-formed path of its own development based on own resources (developed tourism functions), as well as participation in local and regional network of town with varying functions, and natural and anthropogenic environmental values (tourist regions).

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Idee antropogeograficzne w pracach Marii Dobrowolskiej (1895-1984)

Author(s): Marcin Wójcik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2016

Polish anthropogeography, especially of the interwar period, still remains one of the key periods of reference in studies of geographical variation in research patterns and approaches. These issues are especially interesting in the case of geographers, whose scientific careers were shaped by various events that changed the history of the country and the nation. The main objective of this paper is to identify the guiding concepts of the author,that on one hand formed certain unchanging theoretical and methodological stances in the Second Republic, while on the other served as a modernisation of such assumptions based on political and ideological conditions. Many works referring to the idea of social evolution (e.g. the evolution of the agricultural landscape) had not been completed or published before 1939, while post-war assumptions and conclusions were heavily influenced by the interpretations of variable social and economic structures based on Marxist ideology. This created a methodologically eclectic interpretation of transformations. The work of Maria Dobrowolska discussing the transformation of cultural landscape and the variability in settlement over the ages also adhered to this. Anthropogeography, whose ambitious goal was to strive for a holistic explanation, corresponded well with the concepts of social evolution that used the analogies of organic wholes. Geography’s emphasis on the relationship between the humans and the natural environment reinforced in geographers formed in the inter-war period the feeling that organicism was an adequate method of inquiry into social development in the context of environmental variability and spatial mobility, which was definitely visible in M. Dobrowolska’s works on the evolution of cultural landscape and settlement network, especially following World War II.

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Граници и мостове в градското пространство. Примери из историята на Сливен

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Граници и мостове в градското пространство. Примери из историята на Сливен

Author(s): Adelina Fendrina / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

This article is part of a student essay dedicated to the history of Sliven, which has been awarded second prize in the IX National History Competition „Borders in History - History without Borders“ organized by Values Foundation (2015-2016). The selected part of the paper examines the ethnic borders in the wake of Bulgaria’s National Revival.

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Парадигмата за дара: поглед към научните концепции, направления и школи в етнологията и културната антропология

Author(s): Galin Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The topic of the gift in its various cultural, socio -economic, religious and so forth dimensions is for a long time in the focus of the scientific attention and has been a permanent research object in the field of humanities; the topic constantly excites and provokes. To review such a world-wide topic in humanities and from the point of view of its century-old presence and the engagement of scientific huminaries and thinkers such as Claude Levi-Strauss, Jacques Derrida, Emile Benveniste, Vyacheslav Ivanov or Aron Gurevich rather than of its specific aspect or data from personal, „unknown“ field, is the challenge before this paper. The natural motive of such review (no matter how much distant it is from the orderly and consistent final result) is to trace the development and outline the fulcrums of the main theories dedicated to the gift and the exchange of gifts in ethnology and cultural anthropology. On the one hand, although more sketchily, this review is necessary in relation to their place and role for the formation of more general postulates and trends in these disciplines. On the other hand, they are examined as a separate aradigm departing from the field of study of these two disciplines but also drawing them near (together with topics such as magic, totem, taboo) a broad circle of ideas and imaginations intrinsic to man in general.

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Alicja wśród drzew. Leśny dom wyobraźni

Author(s): Tadeusz Sławek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2024

Endorsing Gert Biesta’s concept of pedagogy as “educative participation”, we understand it as participation that transforms the views and human conduct of all who participate in it. Therefore, this essay is an attempt at reading the second volume of Lewis Carroll’s Alice books and Saint-Exupery’s Le Petit Prince as texts which can provide us with an illuminating insight into the ways of, first, critically observing and then, second, improving our perceptions of nature, swerving them toward cooperation with rather than a mere use of. Andrzej Nowak’s term “ontological imagination” turns out helpful in understanding the world as an intricate and ever-growing network of human and non-human connections forming oikos, space which not only provides living conditions but is itself alive. Hence, we propose a geo-logical pedagogy, that serves oikos, overcoming the limitations of pedagogy based on a libidinal desire for domination, as well as that rooted in an equally libidinal desire for possession.

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Współczesne silva rerum – ekologiczne inklinacje J.R.R. Tolkiena jako element dydaktyki polonistycznej

Author(s): Kacper Mika / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2024

The subject of the article is an attempt to read the trilogy “Lord of the Rings” in the context of the idea of the ecological turn using the methodological apparatus of ecocriticism. The author suggests introducing into Polish language lessons motifs related to environmental protection revealed at different levels of a literary work according to Grzegorz Trębicki’s typology: from the ontology and eschatology of the secondary world, through entanglement in myths, topoi and literary tradition, to poetic tropes and character creations. Starting from the concept of a tender narrator (Tokarczuk), he searches primarily for figures of empathy (i.e. prosopopeia, uppersonification). The topics of deforestation and threats arising from the aggressive development of mining are complemented by the proposal of a didactic exercise at the level of secondary school. In reference to avant-garde practices (Queneau), the students are invited to play with the silvity, intertextuality and transmediality of literature – creating a literary collage of “Lord of the Rings” verse fragments, works of Polish poets and mass media texts.

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