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Relokacja wewnątrzmiejska przemysłu w strukturze przestrzennej Szczecina

Author(s): Anna Kiepas-Kokot,Michał Kupiec,Andrzej Łysko,Elżbieta Dusza-Zwolińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

The purpose of the work is to determine the directions and intensity of spatial changes of industrial areas in the city of Szczecin occurring during the period of dynamic spatial development of the city in the last 150 years. The article presents the results of spatial research on the structure of industrial plants distribution in Szczecin in the years 1888–2018. Based on the analysis of the concentration and then the progressive dispersion of industrial areas, the phenomenon of relocation of industrial areas in this city was described, conditioned by departing from maritime relations and other socio-economic changes. It was found that the Odra River areas are still the main location of the city’s industrial complexes, however, the structure of the industry branches using these areas is changing. At the same time, a significant expansion of large industrial areas was observed in the western part of the city (border strip) and in well-connected areas near the city’s main thoroughfares. Post-war industrial areas took the form of numerous small, dispersed facilities and only a few large investments. The diversification of industrial branches located in the city was conducive to the phenomenon of deconcentration of industrial areas outside the riverside belt.

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20 Years of Operation of the Agricultural Land Market in the Republic of Moldova: Achievements and Perspectives

Author(s): Tudor Bajura,Efim Zubco / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2022

Being at the stage of 20 years of operation, the agricultural land market in the Republic of Moldova collided with several socio-economic problems, which limited (partially) the dynamic development of this market. Although in the process of identifying the market prices of agricultural land in the Republic of Moldova, different evaluation methods are widely used, the method, based on comparable prices, is the preferable one, the most often used. At the same time, this method is the most dependent on the stability of the purchasing power of the national currency - the Moldovan lei. The sudden increase in the level of inflation in the last two years has disorientated the participants of the land market and negatively influenced both the number of transactions for the sale and purchase of agricultural land, as well as the area of land included in the market circuit. The deeper analysis of the current state, as well as the elaboration of reasoned recommendations, regarding overcoming the crisis situation on the agricultural land market in the Republic of Moldova, is the main purpose of this publication.

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Waste management to achieve sustainable development goals: approach for Indian cities

Author(s): Ruma Bhatt,Bharati Mohapatra / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Solid waste management has become a serious concern for city managers and environmentalists in developing countries due to fast urbanization, unplanned development, and changing lifestyles leading to the generation of a huge amount of waste. Sustainable waste management strategies are required to handle large quantities the waste. It requires comprehensive knowledge about the different waste management strategies adopted in India as well as in other countries and to find out the scope for effective management of waste to make cities clean and livable. The paper attempts to understand the important role played by different sectors engaged in waste management who execute in response to specific contexts for efficient management. Existing waste management practices in India and other countries are reviewed and operational difficulties are identified. A pilot survey of the planned neighborhood area in the city of Cuttack is conducted to understand the ongoing practices of Solid Waste Management and also inhabitants’ acceptance of waste management initiatives.

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Blue-green nature-based solutions for urban wastewater - Enabling a circular economy

Author(s): Sanghamitra Rath,Bharati Mohapatra / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Climate change implications are a major concern for urban areas. They are vulnerable to major disasters and pandemics for the sheer number of people depending on the limited infrastructure in a confined area. Responding to this conundrum will require directing significant investments and resources towards the right solutions in the coming years. It is also imperative for us to consider whether our current infrastructure investment strategy is adequate. Governments and urban planners have so far favoured grey or traditionally engineered infrastructure for wastewater treatment. These legacy systems need to change to cater to current needs. Nature-based solutions (NbS) and blue-green infrastructure (BGI) are an alternative to restoring and managing a diverse integrated ecosystem, with the least amount of construction or interference with nature. They are a multidisciplinary, integrated approach towards a regenerative urban system that enables a healthy environment and has significant ecosystem benefits. The incorporation of circular economy criteria for evaluating NbS solutions in the urban domain is vital to ensure its sustainability. The paper will assess the NbS applications and blue green infrastructure concerning wastewater in urban areas and their effectiveness and scope towards promoting a circular economy.

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VODA I ČOVJEK: "DOBRE VODE" KOD FOČE

Author(s): Ahmet Hadrović / Language(s): Bosnian,English Issue: 1/2022

The 'DOBRE VODE' ('GOOD WATERS') complex is located in the municipality of Foca (Geographical coordinates: 43º35'12.91''N, 18º39'34.56''E, elevation: 1043). It is about 13 km from Foča, about 28 km from Goražde, and about 40 km from Sarajevo (by air). The nearest villages to this locality are Kolun and Zarudine. The theme 'WATER' is present in a large capacity in the daily life of people in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its meaning in the 'philosophical-religious sense' is particularly specific, where it has a sacred-symbolic meaning, as the 'source of life'. In this paper, one geographical area is presented – 'Place of outdoor prayer Dobre Vode' ('Dovište Dobre Vode'), with the status of 'sacred place'. The aim of this paper is to promote the meaning and role of water in people's daily lives, but also as a fundamental resource for life on planet Earth. The topics are elaborated according to the scientific methodology that is covered in the author's book: Hadrovic, A. (2007). Defining Architectural Space on the Model of the Oriental Style CityHouse in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo and Macedonia, Booksurge, LLC, North Charleston, SC, USA.

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Machine Learning Model to Predict Urban Sprawl Using Official Land-use Data

Author(s): Mohamed Noby,Mohamed E. Elattar,Omar Hamdy / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The rate of global urbanization is constantly increasing. As a result of the massive population growth, there is an increasing demand for further urban development, especially in developing regions such as Aswan city. This paper aims to examine the usage official land-use data in predicting future urban growth until 2046, moreover, to define urban driving forces in case study area. This was done using Similarity weighted model, a machine learning based model to simulate future urban growth. The results show that official land-use data produce a slightly better results’ accuracy than remote sensing sources within small to medium scales. The results although reveal that for study region, urban area is expected to expand to cover an area of almost 4460 Feddan by year 2046. The outcome of this research assesses decision makers to accurately predict future urban sprawl areas using available official land-use data.

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Scurte considerații privind impactul asupra ecosistemului rezervației biosferei ,,Delta Dunării”, ca urmare a lucrărilor de dragare pe Canalul Bâstroe

Author(s): Tania Anamaria Vasilescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

Being in the middle of the dispute between Romania and Ukraine, the Bâstroe Channel continues to be a bone of contention both bilaterally and internationally due to the dredging operations carried out by the Ukrainian side. The present article aims, on the one hand, at the overall presentation of the chronologically reported events at the initial moments when the construction works of the Danube-Black Sea Channel were started, ending with Ukraine’s implementation of the „Bâstroe Canal” project. On the other hand, the objective of the scientific approach is to see to what extent the norms of international law were applied and respected by the state directly involved, taking into account the impact that the deep dredging on the Bâstroe Channel has on the entire ecosystem of the „Danube Delta” Reserve, both in the short and long term, with the aim of preventing and thus avoiding an irreversible ecological accident mishap

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Safety Climate in Project-Based Organizations: Multi-Criteria Analysis

Author(s): Nenad Milijić,Anđelka Stojanović,Ivan Mihajlović,Ivan Jovanović,Momir Popović / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Research Question: The aim of this paper is to determine the factors influencing safety climate in different industrial sectors in project-based organizations. Motivation: Systematic research on occupational safety is not so frequent in the Republic of Serbia. The lack of research that deals with safety climate in project-based organizations exploring the attitudes of employees in different industrial sectors is evident. In the research conducted by Milijic et al., (2013) a model for measuring safety climate factors was proposed and the following step is to identify the most important safety climate issues for each industrial sector as a key to fostering better safety performance. Chen et al. (2018a) concluded that engagement at all levels of the company is essential to fostering better safety performances as well as that safety awareness is the most important factor influencing workers' safety efficiency. The authors of the present paper seek those particular factors that adequately describe safety climate in project-based organizations by examining the attitudes of workers in different industrial sectors. Idea: The main idea of this paper is to evaluate and rank safety climate in different industrial sectors and different workplaces considering the following five factors of safety climate: Safety and competence awareness, Occupational safety management commitment, Safety training and tools, Safety practices and procedures and Organizational environment. Data: Safety climate analysis was conducted on a set of data collected as a part of a survey carried out in eleven project-oriented organizations operating in different industrial sectors on the territory of Serbia. Tools: This paper proposes a multi-criteria analysis of the data collected from a national survey using the Entropy-PROMETHEE-GAIA method. Findings: A complete ranking of safety climate in project-oriented organizations based on the opinions of employees in different industrial sectors resulted in Energy as the best-ranked sector. On the other hand, the worst-ranked sector is High-rise construction. The results of the complete ranking of safety climate in project-oriented organizations based on the opinions of employees at different workplaces in different industrial sectors showed that the best-ranked alternatives were manager working places. When it comes to production workers on projects, the most favorable safety climate is in energy workplaces and for non-productive workers, while the most favorable safety climate is on projects in the field of mechanical engineering. Contribution: Adopting the conclusions from the paper can, in practice, improve safety climate along with safety at work in project-based organizations.

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The Risk Analysis of Chemical Tankers Passing Through the Turkish Straits between 2010 – 2022

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The Risk Analysis of Chemical Tankers Passing Through the Turkish Straits between 2010 – 2022

Author(s): Dimitar Dimitrakiev,Dobrin Milev,Ergun Gunes / Language(s): English Issue: 3s/2023

This analysis aims to highlight the risk created by the chemical tankers by comparing their movements in the Turkish straits. This information is based on actual ship movements from south to north and the return voyage, showing the prominence of chemical tankers passing through the straits between 2010 and 2022 and underlining the importance of the Turkish Straits. Istanbul Bosporus transit passages are being regulated by the Montreux Convention1, signed 84 years ago. As per the convention, international shipping provided safe and seaworthy ships, has the right of free passage through the Straits in peacetime. Since the convention has been in force, the volume and frequency of the ships have increased almost tenfold, an interesting correlation on average, there were13 passages in a day in 1938; which increased to 65 by1985 and 115 by 2019. The main reason for this increase is said to be the hydrocarbon reserves of the Caspian Region2. As the number of passages increased enormously, so did the physical risk to shipping and the environmental and biological risk to local species. In order to minimise any possible risks and provide safer and environmentally friendly traffic, Turkish authorities have had to adopt Maritime Traffic Regulations for the Turkish Straits on 15/08/2019 (VTS – Vessel Traffic System)3.

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International environmental and climate policy and the directions of transport development at the national and regional level

Author(s): Maria Zych-Lewandowska,Jakub Majewski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The aim of this paper was to analyse the transport-related content of European environmental and climate policy documents and to identify those elements that will be key in shaping transport development in individual countries and regions in the coming decade. In the first part, the authors present an overview of the most important documents defining environmental protection and climate change goals in the European Union. In the second part, the most important guidelines, which should affect the actions undertaken in the field of shaping and developing transport, were indicated. A short analysis of the processes occurring on the transport market in Poland and their convergence with the recommendations included in the documents was also included. The summary presents conclusions concerning the necessity of complementing national documents with the latest EU recommendations.

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OKOLICZNOŚCI SPRZYJAJĄCE WYLUDNIANIU SIĘ MIEJSCOWOŚCI NA DAWNYCH ZIEMIACH WSCHODNIOPRUSKICH OD OKRESU NOWOŻYTNEGO DO WYBUCHU II WOJNY ŚWIATOWEJ ZE SZCZEGÓLNYM UWZGLĘDNIENIEM OBSZARU POWIATU PISKIEGO (KREIS JOHANNISBURG)

Author(s): Anna Majewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2019

This paper deals with the main events and processes that contributed to the emptying of rural settlements in former eastern territories of Prussia from the modern period to 1939. General conditions supporting the interruption of settlement continuity are described with particular attention paid to the processes occurring on the territory of Pisz poviat. Features of the natural environment that characterise this area, including a large share of forests, lakes and infertile soils, influenced the formation of specific types of settlements. The functioning of numerous small forest settlements was closely related to manufacturing and production based on local natural resources. The depopulation and disappearance of these settlements was therefore primarily related to the depletion of these resources and the disappearance of the outlets. An example illustrating these processes is the Wielki Las settlement translocated in the 19th century. As part of the case study, the landscape relics of its former functioning in its original location were subjected to preliminary analysis.

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Concept of Sustainable Development in Local Philosophies of Scandinavian Countries

Author(s): Magnus Borre Bragdo,Ligia Tuszyńska,Ilona Żeber-Dzikowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

This article was inspired by the cooperation between two university teams implementing a Polish-Norwegian project Green Schoolbag for the Earth Climate. The project was aimed at preparing early school pedagogy teachers and students for the implementation of education for sustainable development (SD). A study trip to Norway and sharing experience gave rise to studying Norwegian curricula and educational literature. The study findings revealed that local educational philosophies and SD in the four Scandinavian countries differ in social, cultural and educational terms. The article presents the historical background to introducing SD into social and cultural habits in each of the countries and, consequently, lifestyles typical of the inhabitants of these countries. Four types of lifestyles are compared: Finish sisu, Norwegian friluftsliv, Danish hygge and Swedish lagom. The analysis proved that Scandinavian countries have similar climate and values as regards their attitudes to nature. However, differences in local philosophies are visible and their inhabitants present specific lifestyles, different behaviours and social and cultural principles behind their attitudes to the SD concept. The conclusion of the article puts an open question about Polish people’s local philosophy, lifestyle and SD education.

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Electronic Visualization of Underground Tourist Routes on the Example of the Route in Sandomierz

Author(s): Rafał Gawałkiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2021

For many years in Poland, anthropogenic objects constructed underground have been very popular with tourists. In the past they fulfilled various functions (historic mines, underground merchant warehouses, military objects, special objects, caverns and grottoes). Many of them were secured and rebuilt in such a way that a new form was created. They make interesting tourist offers and still more objects can be made available to tourists. An example of strongly modified underground anthropogenic objects of very complex geometry and extremely interesting architectural form is the Underground Tourist Route (Polish: Podziemna Trasa Turystyczna – PTT) in Sandomierz. Owing to much effort and financial means, in 1960s many interesting cellars and merchant warehouses were saved from destruction – and – with the application of mining techniques, they were joint into attractive spatial forms. So far, few publications give the full characteristic and parametric data of this object. Today’s possibilities of available measurement and information technologies allow comprehensive inventory of complicated engineering constructions, as well as the 3D visualization, regarding even tiniest elements of small architecture (doors, lattice, lamps, etc.). The article presents the results of the visualization and parameterization based on the data from integrated surveying (levelling, transects, total stations, laser scanning and other direct measurements).

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Meandrele timpului: date radiocarbon pentru situl Saharna–Țiglău (Republica Moldova)

Author(s): Mihail Băţ,Aurel Zanoci,Oana Calancea,Alexandru Petre,Cristian Mănăilescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 21/2023

The paper presents six samples originating from archaeologically investigated contexts in the Early Iron Age site of Saharna–Țiglău. Three samples were collected, after anthropological analysis, from funerary features excavated in 2022, and the remaining samples were taken from pits within the settlement. Calibration of the six AMS radiocarbon data places the chronological sequence with a 95.4% probability in the range calBC 1284-797. From the association of the data, it is almost obvious to conclude that one of the earliest known dates for an Early Iron Age context with stamped pottery in the Carpathian-Balkan area has been recorded at Saharna–Țiglău.

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Assessing the Someşan Plateau water supply.

Author(s): Victor Sorocovschi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The sustainable development of the Someşean Plateau, a water-deficient region, requires solving the problem of ensuring the water supply for the population and agriculture. In this sense, in the present study, were analyzed a series of aspects related to: water supply sources (auththous and allochthous) of the localities; the amount of water distributed to consumers from the main subunits of the Someşean Plateau. Special attention was given to the evaluation of water needs (in four variants) at the level of localities, counties, hydrographic basins and geographical subdivisions. Finally, the optimization of water supply solutions for the localities in the studied region was analyzed.

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The correlations between land use and landslides in the Territorial Administrative Unit of Mintiu Gherlii

Author(s): Gheorghe Roșian,Csaba Horváth,Muntean Liviu,MĂCICĂȘAN Vlad,Rozalia Benedek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Landslides are among the most important geomorphological processes in the Transylvanian Basin, particularly affecting agricultural land and decreasing its value for producing specific agricultural products. The Someșan Plateau and the Transylvanian Plain are the morpho-structural units most affected by landslides, accounting for 3% to 10% or more of the territorial and administrative divisions in the Transylvanian Basin, including Mintiu Gherlii. In this context, where geology and landforms are relatively consistent, land use is the primary factor that can produce changes. Our analysis indicates that arable land and pastures have the largest areas affected by landslides, and this suggests that the agro-techniques used so far may not have been the most suitable. Therefore, preventive and control measures should be implemented to reduce the surface areas affected by landslides and minimize their impact on the local economy.

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FOREST FIRES IN A CHANGING CLIMATE: RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT IN LEIRIA NATIONAL FOREST, PORTUGAL

Author(s): Kwadwo Yeboah Botah / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Forest ecosystems are vital for sustainable development and human well-being globally and in Europe. Sustainably managed forests are fundamental in combating natural disasters and providing multiple important goods and services for humans and the environment. However, with increasing climate change and its associated effects, forests have become severely and regularly prone to fires. This is seriously threatening forest protection, human safety, the economy, and biodiversity. In this context, understanding future forest fire risks, susceptibility, hazards, and fire prevention is essentially needed. This study thus examines the forest fire risks and hazards in Leiria National Forest (Mata Nacional de Leiria), Portugal using the 2017 forest fire as a benchmark. With the adoption of GIS and remote sensing techniques and data, vegetation type (NDMI), human factors (roads and settlement proximity), and terrain characteristics (slope and aspect) were assessed to map fire risk. Through multi-criteria analysis, these data were integrated to generate a forest fire risk index. Results demonstrate that about 46% of the study area is within high-risk and risky zones, 50% is considered moderate-risk fire zones and 3% is classified as low and risk-free zones. Sensitivity analysis indicated that high-risk areas are mostly low moisture coniferous fuel types while risk-free areas are high moisture deciduous fuel types. Further, it was established that the observed high-risk and risky zones are attributed mostly to proximity to settlements and roads and little topographical influence. The study thus suggests an increased future forest fire risk under the prevailing conditions and a hiking potential of increased burnt areas. We thus proposed effective proactive measures and adaptive management approaches to prevent and mitigate the devastating impacts of forest fires within the study location.

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SUPPORTING THE ACHIEVEMENT OF CLIMATE NEUTRALITY AT EU LEVEL

Author(s): Georgiana Chițiga / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

The starting point of the article is highlighting the situation in which we are positioned following the effects of global warming, becoming more and more visible. In the current context, the achievement of climate neutrality, the initiation of support measures as part of the transition to a sustainable economy, which must not be realized at the expense of future generations, is a major necessity. The presentation of the European legislative framework regarding the achievement of climate neutrality, proposes an intersectoral vision that aims to move from an economy with low carbon emissions to a higher stage, the achievement of climate neutrality, which will allow the member states to identify and solve, in a unitary way and in a real time horizon, of climate problems. Achieving climate neutrality is of major importance, it will strengthen resilience to climate shocks as well as boost Europe's position as a world leader. A whole range of tools have been mobilized, which stand out as a historic and unique proposal that reflects the scale of the challenge we face. Finally, we highlight the consequences of the mentioned proposals, aiming at the active contribution to the achievement of the objective of climate neutrality, which is identified as having a central role in the current European climate framework.

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INTRODUCING GIS TO LEARNING AND STIMULATING INTERACTIVITY AMONG STUDENTS

Author(s): CRINA-AURELIA ELEFTERIU / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2023

Railway Technical College "Unirea" in Paşcani embarked on the ambitious two-year Erasmus KA220 project, "GIS FOR GIST OF EUROPE," commencing in December 2022. This endeavor is significant for both the institution and the local community. The project focuses on using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to study the impact of climate change on the European environment. Interactive GIS maps allow users to explore the regions most affected by climate change, assess its effects on biodiversity and natural resources, and develop strategies to mitigate these environmental challenges. Within the Erasmus+ initiative, "GIS for Gist of Europe," GIS plays a central role, aiding urban planning, territorial development, and sustainable resource management. It also contributes to efficient communication networks and waste management systems. Project activities include online and in-person meetings, as well as Learning, Teaching, and Training (LTT) sessions. Key objectives involve creating two eLearning platforms, one with STEM educational resources featuring GIS maps and another for GIS training. The project fosters the advantages of GIS in data accessibility, correlation, and localized database creation. This project employing GIS will address climate change’s impact on Europe, enhancing education and advancing climate-resilient strategies. The digitization of Geography remains pivotal in modern education and research, deepening our understanding of our ever-changing world.

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Study of Air and Surface Temperatures in the City of Rouen (France) in Order to Evaluate the Characteristics of the Urban Heat Islands

Author(s): Zeineddine Nouaceur,Ovidiu Murărescu,George Murătoreanu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Due to its concave topography, the climate in the Rouen region is affected by the impact of urbanization. The urbanized area occupies the bottom of the Seine Valley and extends onto slopes and plateaus. These topographic conditions contribute to the formation of well-differentiated local climates. To better understand the urban heat island, an expeditionary measurement campaign was carried out from 25 June to 11 August 2020. This campaign is based on the knowledge of the spatial distribution of temperatures in the city. These measurements were carried out according to different profiles and a specific programme. During this period, the region was affected by three heatwaves.. In this study, we present the results regarding the air temperatures obtained on 25 June 2020. The study also relies on the analysis of “Landsat 8” channel 11 satellite images, with a spatial resolution of 30 m to define surface temperatures. The results obtained during the measurement campaign show the importance of the differences between vegetated and built spaces. They also highlight hotspots (at traffic intersections and on main transport corridors – boulevards). The results obtained from the processing of satellite images show significant temperature differences between the industrial area and the rest of the city. There is an important thermal contrast between green spaces and asphalt squares in the city centre. There is a thermal lag between the “west” plateau, Cailly Valley, and the rest of the city.

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