OKOLICZNOŚCI SPRZYJAJĄCE WYLUDNIANIU SIĘ MIEJSCOWOŚCI NA DAWNYCH ZIEMIACH WSCHODNIOPRUSKICH OD OKRESU NOWOŻYTNEGO DO WYBUCHU II WOJNY ŚWIATOWEJ ZE SZCZEGÓLNYM UWZGLĘDNIENIEM OBSZARU POWIATU PISKIEGO (KREIS JOHANNISBURG)
CIRCUMSTANCES CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEPOPULATION OF THE SETTLEMENTS IN THE FORMER EASTERN TERRITORIES OF PRUSSIA FROM THE MODERN PERIOD TO THE OUTBREAK OF WORLD WAR II WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE AREA OF PISZ POVIAT (KREIS JOHANNISBURG)

Summary/Abstract: This paper deals with the main events and processes that contributed to the emptying of rural settlements in former eastern territories of Prussia from the modern period to 1939. General conditions supporting the interruption of settlement continuity are described with particular attention paid to the processes occurring on the territory of Pisz poviat. Features of the natural environment that characterise this area, including a large share of forests, lakes and infertile soils, influenced the formation of specific types of settlements. The functioning of numerous small forest settlements was closely related to manufacturing and production based on local natural resources. The depopulation and disappearance of these settlements was therefore primarily related to the depletion of these resources and the disappearance of the outlets. An example illustrating these processes is the Wielki Las settlement translocated in the 19th century. As part of the case study, the landscape relics of its former functioning in its original location were subjected to preliminary analysis.

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