Approaches towards social deprivation: Reviewing measurement methods

Author(s): Agnieszka Swigost / Language(s): English / Issue: 38/2017

The phenomenon of social deprivation is highly diversified; hence there are a number of methods for measuring it. This article is a summary of a literature review concerning the methodology for calculating deprivation indices showing differences in research on deprivation. Reports, carried out on behalf of public administrations as well as academic articles from ten socially and economically developed countries, although diversified, were analyzed. Partial indicators from the indices were classified into eight thematic groups representing different deprivation dimensions. A total of 166 partial indicators were analyzed. Moreover, other methods of researching social crisis phenomena were discussed i.e. the indices employed by the UN and the USA. In the analyzed countries, indicators of education and living conditions were considered most frequently while those relating to health and crime the least. The most common partial indicators are average levels of income, unemployment, overcrowding and education.

Approximating actual flows in physical infrastructure networks: the case of the Yangtze River Delta high-speed railway network

Author(s): Weiyang Zhang,Ben Derudder,Jianghao Wang,Frank Witlox / Language(s): English / Issue: 31/2016

Previous empirical research on urban networks has used data on infrastructure networks to guesstimate actual inter-city flows. However, with the exception of recent research on airline networks in the context of the world city literature, relatively limited attention has been paid to the degree to which the outline of these infrastructure networks reflects the actual flows they undergird. This study presents a method to improve our estimation of urban interaction in and through infrastructure networks by focusing on the example of passenger railways, which is arguably a key potential data source in research on urban networks in metropolitan regions. We first review common biases when using infrastructure networks to approximate actual inter-city flows, after which we present an alternative approach that draws on research on operational train scheduling. This research has shown that 'dwell time' at train stations reflects the length of the alighting and boarding process, and we use this insight to estimate actual interaction through the application of a bimodal network projection function. We apply our method to the high-speed railway (HSR) network within the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, discuss the difference between our modelled network and the original network, and evaluate its validity through a systemic comparison with a benchmark dataset of actual passenger flows.

ARDAHAN MERKEZ İLÇESİ’NDE NÜFUSUN DAĞILIŞI ve YOĞUNLUĞU

Author(s): Emrah Polat,Zeki Koday / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 44/2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the population distribution and density in the field. Observation in place, questionare and interview methods were in the study. The central district of Ardahan is in the Erzurum-Kars of the Eastern Anatolia Region. Central District of Ardahan with average altitude has 62 villages and 7 neighborhoods with extensions. The working site is 1465 siqurare kilometers and the lands with morphological plato structure are generally hubbbly. Ardahan which was in the city status from the establishment of the republic to 1926, became a district of Kars with the province law dated 1926. Ardahan which has 5 districts became a province again in 1992. According to the 2017 Turkish Statistical Instute data, the district has a population of 41758 and there are 28.5 people per kilometer square.

Around the Bloc: Cities Face Challenge of ‘Unprecedented’ Population Loss

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 12/19/2017

Shrinking populations in Eastern European and Central Asian cities bring opportunities along with risks, a new study finds.

Around the Bloc: Croatia-Serbia Trade Bans, Barbs Over Migrants

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 09/29/2015

Tit-for-tat border row escalates as Zagreb reportedly one-ups Belgrade’s ban on Croatian cargo and goods.

Around the Bloc: EU Begins Two Days of Emergency Talks on Migration

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 09/29/2015

Anti-quota bloc appears to be winning the day.

Around the Bloc: Hungary Sets Date for EU Quotas Referendum

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 07/12/2016

Viktor Orban’s government accelerates its campaign against EU refugee policies in the wake of Britain’s Leave vote.

Around the Bloc: Poland Halts Intake of North Korean Workers

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 06/14/2016

Human rights concerns and Poland’s desire to increase economic pressure on Pyongyang seen as spurs to the decision.

Around the Bloc: Russian Workers Offered 1m Rubles to Take Jobs in Far East

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 02/27/2018

Can a few thousand workers and settlers reverse the region’s devastating population loss?

Around the Bloc: Slovakia to Sue EU Over Migrant Quotas

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 09/29/2015

Premier Fico threatens lawsuit at European Court of Justice over mandatory quota scheme.

Around the Bloc: Surge of Chechen Asylum Seekers in Poland

Author(s): TOL TOL / Language(s): English / Issue: 07/12/2016

Belarusian border town has become main transit point for those on their way to Europe, who say they fear increased oppression back home.

Aspecte privind conceptele şi practicile de planificare urbană integrată în Franţa

Author(s): Lilian Cîrnu / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Assessing Levels of CO2, CO, NO2 and SO2 in Indoor Air Using Dräger Sensors: A Case Study of Prishtina, Kosovo

Author(s): Fatbardh Gashi,Shyqri Dumani,Naser Troni / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Studies in large cities revealed that indoor air pollution concentrations are at such levels where it can cause serious health impacts. The main source of the release of substances in the environment is the emission of gases (produced during the combustion process) such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, ammonia and others. In this study the assessment of indoor air quality in 26 places in Prishtina city were investigated and the main objective of this study was monitoring of the air quality through the determination of gases concentration of C02, C0, N0x and S02. Also the ratio of CO2/CO2+CO was calculated. Concentrations of CO2, CO, SO2 and NOx were determined using “Dräger” instrument, model “X-am 7000 digital gas monitor”. Environmental risk assessment of air quality was done by comparing the obtained results with air WHO standards. During that period were found a permanent presence of some toxic gases in high concentrations in indoor areas. Results show that CO2 levels were ranged 300-4000 ppmv. The concentration of CO was ranged 0.6-17 ppmv and was reported to be under limits value in all locations. Also concentrations of SO2 and NOx (except air sample S6) were reported to be under WHO air limits value. According to gases concentration, many locations show values characteristic for highly and extremely contaminated indoor places.

ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE RUSSIAN REGIONAL SPACE AS A LIVING ENVIRONMENT: ASPECT OF THE MIGRANTS’ BEHAVIOURAL RATIONALITY

Author(s): Mikhail Borisovich Petrov,Elena Viktorovna Kurushina,Irina Vasilevna Druzhinina / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

This study focuses on the rationality of the migrants’ behaviour. We hypothesise that the migration growth rate depends on the territory attractiveness for living. The rational behaviour is defined as the direct dependence of the migrations on the characteristics of the territory attractiveness. The irrational behaviour means that the reverse dependence is present. The direct dependence is recognised if the level of the migrants’ positive reactions to the factors of the territory attractiveness is no less than 30 % from the maximum. 83 subjects of the Russian Federation were clustered based on 12 objective characteristics of the life’s quality. We distinguished the largest Middle Cluster, which includes 56 regions. Further we transformed the panel data for the period from 2005 to 2015 into the array of the coefficients of correlations between the characteristics of the territory attractiveness and the migration growth rates in the regions. Using these characteristics, the regions were clustered again. The regional types of the Middle cluster with the rational and irrational behaviours include 22 regions each. The level of the migrants’ positive reactions to the factors of the territory attractiveness is 44.1 % for the first (rational) regional type and 42.5 % for the second (irrational) type. The regional type with the indifferent behaviour includes 12 regions. The level of the migrants’ reactions to the characteristics of these territory attractiveness is just 5.8 %. Based on the regression models of the migration coefficient for each cluster type, we have provided recommendations for managing the migration flows using the differential approach.

AКТУЕЛНИ ДЕМOГРAФСКИ ПРOБЛЕМИ У НAСЕЉИМA ЧAЧAНСКЕ OПШТИНЕ

Author(s): Lj. Svetislav Markovic,V. Ilija Popovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2007

While villages have the problem of migrations, Cacak, as the centre of the municipality, has completely different problems concerning the demographic development. Primarily, there is a great influx of people who should be provided with optimal conditions for life, such as: education, health care, employment, flats, entertainment recreation and other. If this influx continues, and now more than 62% of the local population is concentrated in the town, it will cause great problems to Cacak as the centre of the municipality. On the basis of the surveys and authors’ research, the problems of the demographic development of Cacak municipality in the last four decades of the 20th century and at the beginning of the new millennium have been shown. We have given the fluctuations in the number of people and households in 58 settlements of Cacak municipality in the period from 1948. to 2002. Then, we have shown the natural movement of the local population through the birth rate, death rate and population growth rate, which has been negative in the last decade and a half. Finally, sexual, age, ethnical, educational and economic structures of the population have been analysed.

BADANIA GEOGRAFICZNE WOBEC WYZWAŃ INTERDYSCYPLINARNOŚCI STUDIÓW NAD ROZWOJEM

Author(s): Miroslawa Czerny / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

Geographical studies on the development represent a proposal for a integration of some of research topics undertaken by both physical and human geography. Their aim is to analyze the social and economic processes through the prism of natural conditions and their position in particular spaces. Such an assumption makes that the main object of the researchers are the relationships and spatial phenomena of development and underdevelopment. The concept of geography of development was introduced to geography by Jürgen Blenck in 1979. In the center of the geographical studies on development Blenck puts society that occupying a defined space of the specific conditions of the natural environment are creating a network of relations that will either lead to the development or inhibit this process.

Badania nad dostępnością piesza i transportem zbiorowym do parków miejskich na przykładzie Gdańska

Author(s): Marcin Polom,Michal Beger,Emilia Topa / Language(s): English,Polish / Issue: 27/2017

The study presents the results of research of accessibility to urban parks, as an important destinationfor residents of urban areas. The analyzes were carried out with the use of the example of Gdansk,where the location of the urban parks has had a long tradition. Urban parks play an important role in everydaylife due to their functions, with the recreational role recognized as particularly vital in urban areas. Shapingthe development of residential areas in cities should involve good accessibility to urban parks. The articleshows the possibility of applying GIS techniques in studies of accessibility to the urban parks in Gdansk. Itshould be an important tool in shaping development policy planning, especially in residential areas.

Bezdomność w Łodzi

Author(s): Inga B. Kuzma,Danuta Majdanska,Witold Janiszek,Katarzyna Zytke,Pawel Ciolkowski,Antoni Naglik,Joanna Paliwoda,Bozena Antoniak,Marek Marusik,Marta Krysiak,Anna Janiszewska,Rafal Rouba,Justyna Krakus,Joanna Mietlinska,Katarzyna Kikosicka,Ewa Klima,Edyta Pietrzak,Sylwana Borszynska,Lucja Lange / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2016

Książka "Bezdomność w Łodzi" jest w przeważającej mierze efektem konferencji pod tym samym tytułem, która odbyła się w tymże mieście w lutym 2016 roku za sprawą Łódzkiego Partnerstwa Pomocy w sytuacji Wykluczenia i Bezdomności. Składają się na nią teksty prezentowane podczas konferencji oraz kilka innych. Dobrze się stało, że książka nie odcina się od tego spotkania, jak to nieraz bywa z "tomami pokonferencyjnymi". Owszem, w różnoraki sposób do niej nawiązuje. We wstępie jest zamieszczony program konferencji, są też zdjęcia z obrad. W ten sposób redaktorkom publikacji udało się zachować coś z dialogu, który się toczył przecież tamtej zimy na Uniwersytecie Łódzkim. [...] Przedstawiony materiał [...] o bezdomności w Łodzi jest bardzo wartościowy. [z recenzji dr hab. Grzegorza Pełczyńskiego, prof. Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego]

Bioethics Otherwise, or, How to Live with Machines, Humans, and Other Animals

Author(s): Joanna Zylinska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

The article is an attempt to return at the human being .after the cyborg, originating in the need to overcome the posthumanist impasse of some of the trends of contemporary cultural theory. The author is not trying to fix the identity of human/non-human animal in all of its bio-digital configurations, but rather discuss to what extent the transformed understanding of human being can not only help us think better about ourselves and other who can but do not have to be like us, as well as live better with others: machines, people, non-human animals. This research is equally interested in the pragmatics of how and in the character of the we.

BIOGEOGRAFIJOS STUDIJOS IR PAMOKOS MUZIEJUOSE

Author(s): Dalia Prakapiene / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: -/2013

The article aims to reveal the importance of the Lithuanian museums of nature as an educational environment and the opportunities for teaching biogeography according to the general education school curriculum in such museums. The choice of Biogeography as the research subject was determined by its unique nature as well as by the need for a non-traditional educational environment. A scientific research was carried out in order to evaluate the internet websites of 32 Lithuanian museums of nature according to the following criteria: the presentation of information on the internet, the characteristics of exhibitions, and the explicitness of the presentation of educational activities.