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An introductory study of perceptual marginality in Slovakia

Author(s): Roman Mikuš,Lucia Máliková,Viliam Lauko / Language(s): English / Issue: 34/2016

The existence of marginal regions is closely linked to the socio-spatial polarisation of our society. Especially in the post socialist countries, including Slovakia, which have undergone significant social and economic transformation, spatial polarisation and related regional disparities have become a relevant issue across multidisciplinary academic research. This study focuses on similarities and differences in defining the marginality from two different perspectives - one that is based on quantification of statistical data and another based on individual perception of marginality from the position of local mayors. Local mayors, the main figures of the local governance, have in the Slovak system of administration huge responsibility in the development of communes and a great opportunity to improve the status of certain communes, especially those marginal. At the same time this study investigates how the political affiliation and political support affect their competencies and activities in relation to the marginal position of their commune.

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Analize geostatistice ale căilor de comunicaţie din puncte de vedere referitoare la geostrategie şi dezvoltarea regională

Author(s): Alexandru-Ionut Petrisor,Razvan Andrei Oprea,Liviu Bogdan Vlad / Language(s): Romanian / Publication Year: 0

Accessibility is a key concept in regional development, with numerous ties to territorial cohesion and polycentricity. Moreover, it also exhibits a geo-strategic function, anchored in the international relationships between countries and continents. The article reviews several case studies, placing analyses of the Romanian accessibility in a broader context. The results show that regional development, overall EU connectivity and possible transit fluxes are prevented by the configuration or lack of communication routes. Increasing the accessibility of regions must be a priority of governments, regardless of political opinions. It is expected that the transition of economy to post-carbon era or other models – green economy, knowledge-based economy etc.) – to result into the emergence of new poles and axes of development, and ensure transport sustainability.

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Analysis of demographic processes in Poland and the Baltic States since the end of the XVIII century and forecast up to 2096

Author(s): Andrei Manakov,Pavel Suvorkov / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2017

Negative demographic tendencies are some of the most serious problems of development of post-Socialist countries. Goal of this research is historical analysis and forecast of demographic processes in Poland and the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania). The demographic forecast is prepared on the basis of revision of forecast model of the Population Division of United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Scenario approach and simulation multi-factor modeling act as the main methods of this research. One of the key objectives is critical analysis of use of the hypothesis of stabilization of migration components of demographic processes in scenarios of UN Secretariat. According to the most probable scenario, Latvia (-49% of modern population) can become the leader in expected depopulation within the next 80 years among the considered countries, smaller indicators of depopulation are expected in Lithuania (-43%), Poland (-38%) and Estonia (-34%).

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Analysis of the Re-emergence and Occurrence of Cholera in Lagos State, Nigeria

Author(s): Oyekanmi Babatimehin,Joy Orevaoghene Uyeh,Angela Uloma Onukogu / Language(s): English / Issue: 36/2017

This paper analysed the factors responsible for the re-emergence of cholera and predicted the future occurrence of Cholera in Lagos State, Nigeria using factor analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and a cellular automata model for the prediction. The study revealed six Local Government Areas (LGAs) under very high threat, nine under low threat, and Surulere and some parts of Amuwo Odofin under medium threat in the near future. These areas have an average population of 200,000 people each with the total tending towards millions of people, all under threat of cholera occurring and re-emerging in their communities. The factors relating to the re-emergence of the disease were discovered to be environmental (rainfall, R2=0.017, P<0.05 and temperature, R2=0.525, P>0.05); socio-economic (household size R2=0.816, P>0.05; income, R2=0.880, P>0.05; and education, R2=0.827, P>0.05). The Cellular Automata Markov Prediction model showed that by 2016, Lagos State will experience 79 cholera cases which will increase to 143 in 2020. This prediction model revealed that Ikorodu will record 40 cases, Apapa 12, Ojo 5, Mushin 3, while Amuwo-Odofin, Badagry and Ajeromi-Ifelodun LGAs will each record 2 cases between 2011 and 2016. The study concludes that there is a cholera threat in Lagos State and the factors of vulnerability that predispose people to the disease must be tackled over time and space for effective prevention, control and management of the disease .

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Analysis of the Relationship of Productivity between the Public Sector and the INTERSTAT

Author(s): Marcela Mitrita,Ovidiu Buzoianu,Amelia Diaconu,Ionut Victor Ratezanu / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Scientific progress embodies and depends on open communication, a common discourse that has roots in rationality, collaboration, as well as an easy and regular flow and efficient information exchange. These ideals can be considered hypocritical by elite power and can be displayed or emphasized in many other ways, but they are even involved in the idea of science, but they are based on the phenomenon called globalization and its practical outcomes. Business, banking and commerce depend on the flow of information and are facilitated by new communication technologies. The hardware of these technologies tends to be systemic and integrated - computerized, televised, cable, satellite, laser, optical fiber and microchip technology combining to create a vast network of communications and interactive information that can potentiate any people on earth have access to any other person, and each time they make each byte the availability of information for each set of eyes in search.

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Andrej Deško a Bohuš Nosák-Nezabudov o kultúrnych stereotypoch na východnom Slovensku a v Podkarpatskej Rusi v 40. rokoch 19. Storočia

Author(s): Peter Ženuch / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2016

Historical factual and literary documents testify not only about described phenomena and current period, but also about ideological structure of society and its individual relations. Andrej Deško and Bohuš Nosák-Nezabudov described cultural, linguistic, confessional and political structure of society of Eastern Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia taking into account the religious, social, economic and political stereotypes that formed not only simple population, but also representatives of national-revival life in the 40s of the 19th century. Although only A. Deško was indigenous who knew conditions in Subcarpathian Ruthenia by his own autopsy, Bohuš Nosák-Nezabudov had also knowledge acquired before and during the travels in Eastern Slovakia and Subcarpathian Ruthenia. Even his descriptions brought a wide range of information that can be appreciated in the systematic Slavistic researches of the Carpathian region and other researches focused on linguistic, ethnic and confessional stereotypes as well as linguistic and cultural diversity of its population.

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Anotácie

Author(s): Miroslava Miková,Monika Dudáková,Barbara Kacerová,Patrícia Fogelová / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2017

HOLEC, ROMAN. ČLOVEK A PRÍRODA V „DLHOM“ 19. STOROČÍ; KIANIČKA, DANIEL HAAS (ED.). MUSEION. ZBORNÍK KREMNICKÉHO MÚZEA; BYSTRICKÝ, PETER. PES V MYTOLÓGII, NÁBOŽENSTVE A FOLKLÓRE STAROVEKU A STREDOVEKU; DASZEWSKA, MARZENA (ED.). KOSZYCKA MODERNA / KOŠICE MODERNISM; ĎUĎÁKOVÁ, MONIKA – POČÁTKO, MARTIN (EDS.). MIGRAČNÉ PROCESY V DEJINÁCH EURÓPY. KRÍZA ALEBO ÚSVIT CIVILIZÁCIE? STRETNUTIE MLADÝCH HISTORIKOV VI.

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ANTHROPOLOGICAL MUTATIONS INDUCED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF SEBEŞ-TURDA HIGHWAY

Author(s): FLOARE LANCRANJAN,VALER MACARIE / Language(s): English / Issue: 18/2018

Oarda neighborhood is located on the left side of Mureş river, close to the junction with Sebeş river. It is a part of Alba Iulia municipality administration. It is formed from two main parts Down Oarda (Oarda de Jos) and Up Oarda (Oarda de Sus). The layout of the highway Sebeş-Turda begins in Sebeş and follows the river sides of Sebeş river and Mureş river. In Oarda area, the high way gets to the inhabited area close to 15 m. This has a huge impact on people's life style and properties.

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ANTROPOGENETSKA STRUKTURA OTOČNIH POPULACIJA ISTOČNOG JADRANA

Author(s): Maja Bakran,Branka Janicijevic / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 12+13/1994

The anthropogenetic structure of six island/peninsular populations - Brač, Hvar, Korčula, Pelješac, Silba and Olib - of the Eastern Adriatic, Croatia, is analyzed on the basis of the study of four different erythrocyte antigen systems/groups and two erythrocyte isoenzyme systems. Average sample size was 555 individuals. Allele frequencies and genetic distances values were computed. The obtained results point to the fact that all of the populations in question have preserved their separate characteristics in the course of their (micro) evolution to the present day, which is especially noticeable for the island populations of Korčula and Olib, as these populations distinguish themselves from the other studied populations with a greater degree of isolation.

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Applying resilience thinking to ‘ordinary’ cities: A theoretical inquiry

Author(s): Elizabeth Dessie / Language(s): English / Issue: 40/2018

This paper assesses the prospective contribution of social-ecological resilience thinking in advancing a theory of ‘ordinary’ cities. Building on the hierarchical divide that continues to prescribe analyses and representations of cities in urban studies, the paper suggests that, while ideologically contentious, the conceptual configuration of resilience thinking, promoted essentially through notions of uncertainty, diversity and transformation, shows considerable potential for interdisciplinary research. While remaining cautious about its analytical thresholds, applying the framework as it emerges from its ecological niche suggests that resilience thinking can, alongside other concepts, play a part in creating an enabling environment for broadening the way communities, neighbourhoods and institutions that form and connect cities across the globe are understood, studied and represented in urban theory; allowing us to recognise all cities and their citizens as relatable and ‘ordinary’.

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Approaches regarding the importance of Natura 2000 sities’ settings pupil’s education through geography. Case study: Valea Rose (Red Valley) Natura 2000, Bihor country

Author(s): Grigore Vasile Herman,Dorina Camelia Ilies,Miron Florin Madu?a,Alexandru Ilies,Maria Gozner,Raluca Buhas,Iános-Mátyás-Tamás Mihók-Géczi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

The setting of Natura 2000 sites in order to conserve, promote and exploit them as distinctive areas, is both a prerequisite and an opportunity regarding pupils` education also through geography as a discipline. In this context, the present paper aims to outline some practical and theoretical aspects towards familiarizing pupils with the necessity of protecting the environment, to use and depict tourist maps, to use spatial orientation, to recognize various species of plants and dwelling within Red Valley Nature 2000 site, in Bihor county.

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Approaches towards social deprivation: Reviewing measurement methods

Author(s): Agnieszka Swigost / Language(s): English / Issue: 38/2017

The phenomenon of social deprivation is highly diversified; hence there are a number of methods for measuring it. This article is a summary of a literature review concerning the methodology for calculating deprivation indices showing differences in research on deprivation. Reports, carried out on behalf of public administrations as well as academic articles from ten socially and economically developed countries, although diversified, were analyzed. Partial indicators from the indices were classified into eight thematic groups representing different deprivation dimensions. A total of 166 partial indicators were analyzed. Moreover, other methods of researching social crisis phenomena were discussed i.e. the indices employed by the UN and the USA. In the analyzed countries, indicators of education and living conditions were considered most frequently while those relating to health and crime the least. The most common partial indicators are average levels of income, unemployment, overcrowding and education.

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Approximating actual flows in physical infrastructure networks: the case of the Yangtze River Delta high-speed railway network

Author(s): Weiyang Zhang,Ben Derudder,Jianghao Wang,Frank Witlox / Language(s): English / Issue: 31/2016

Previous empirical research on urban networks has used data on infrastructure networks to guesstimate actual inter-city flows. However, with the exception of recent research on airline networks in the context of the world city literature, relatively limited attention has been paid to the degree to which the outline of these infrastructure networks reflects the actual flows they undergird. This study presents a method to improve our estimation of urban interaction in and through infrastructure networks by focusing on the example of passenger railways, which is arguably a key potential data source in research on urban networks in metropolitan regions. We first review common biases when using infrastructure networks to approximate actual inter-city flows, after which we present an alternative approach that draws on research on operational train scheduling. This research has shown that 'dwell time' at train stations reflects the length of the alighting and boarding process, and we use this insight to estimate actual interaction through the application of a bimodal network projection function. We apply our method to the high-speed railway (HSR) network within the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, discuss the difference between our modelled network and the original network, and evaluate its validity through a systemic comparison with a benchmark dataset of actual passenger flows.

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