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Stakeholder Analysis of the Romanian Energy Sector

Author(s): Dumitru Miron,Mihaela Preda / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2009

One of the basic components of the management of a programme of reform is the Stakeholder Analysis. It allows understanding and assessing the programme environment and provides to the management information defining the negociation position in the programme implementation. The paper undertakes a stakeholder analysis of the Romanian energy sector in relation with the programme of the reform of the energy policy of Romania, as a member state of the European Union. Using a matrix diagram, stakeholders are classified in different categories. This matrix diagram is the result of evaluation of the interest and of the power of these stakeholders over the Programme. In conclusion, both key stakeholders who have power and are most interested to develope the Programme and those who are not favourable in Programme development but have power and can adversely influence the Programme.

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Intergroups Conflict Patterns

Author(s): Doina Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2009

In the endeavour of explaining the causes and mechanisms which fundament the emergence of conflicts, researchers have elaborated theoretical conflict patterns. Some researchers consider that conflict patterns describe either the process or the structure of a contrariety situation. Through the process pattern, there are identified events which characterize a conflict and the succession connection between different stages. Structural patterns define favourable conditions and describe the way in which they influence the conflictual behaviour. Another group of patterns have the purpose of describing organizational conflicts. Among the conflict patterns, the ones which have special importance from both a managerial theoretical and practical point of view are the following: process pattern, structural pattern and organizational pattern. Also, the paper describes the ways for managing the conflicts and the process of negotiation.

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Effects of Global Financial Crisis

Author(s): Marian Năstase,Alina Ştefania Creţu,Roberta Stanef / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2009

The financial crisis of 2007–2009 has been called the worst financial crisis since the one related to the Great Depression by leading economists, and it contributed to the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in the trillions of U.S. dollars, substantial financial commitments incurred by governments, and a significant decline in economic activity. Many causes have been proposed, with varying weight assigned by experts. Both market-based and regulatory solutions have been implemented or are under consideration, while significant risks remain for the world economy.

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Applying Artificial Neural Networks to Evaluate Export Performance: A Relational Approach

Author(s): António Correia de Barros,Hortênsia Barandas,Paulo Alexandre Pires / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2009

The paper applies artificial neural networks to investigate the effect of the exporter’s relationship orientation on the export performance, mediated by the relationship quality, taking into account the supplier’s strategic orientation and the foreign customer’s approach to purchasing. The proposed model is supported mainly by the Second Networking Marketing Paradox, the Commitment-Trust Theory, the Relationship Marketing Paradigm and International Marketing fundamentals. The model developed, proposes that an exporter’s relationship orientation influences the relationship quality with a foreign customer, which, in turn, influences the exporter’s performance. Furthermore, the model proposes that the content of the relationship orientation is contingent on either the company’s strategic orientation – internally defined – or the interface with the customer, which is external to the company’s decision-making. The results of the empirical study generally confirm the theoretical hypotheses.

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Automated Ranking of E-commerce Product Offers Based on a TQM Approach. A Case Study in the Computer Networking E-commerce Products

Author(s): Ion Popa,Camelia Elena Ciolac,Eduard Gabriel Ceptureanu,Sebastian Ion Ceptureanu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2009

In the knowledge-based economy, it is the knowledge about market offer and products’ quality that assures the e-Procurement process’s performance. A simple price comparison or a juxtaposition of technical features for a small set of products is insufficient for a good investment decision, especially regarding the IT hardware field. The paper aims to propose an automated web content mining framework to classify e-commerce products based on a Total Quality Management (TQM) approach. The main beneficiary of this framework include: companies that must adopt an IT investment decision considering the quality-price trade-off, IT providers that could identify opportunities for strategic alliances based on product quality ressemblance, IT consultant etc.

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Successfully Introducing the Methods and Instruments for Flexible Business Processes Automation into Romanian Companies

Author(s): Paul Brudaru,Ionel Năftănăilă / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2009

An approach containing methods and instruments adapted to the economical environment conditions with a high speed changing rate would be the synthetic description of the BPM (Business Process Management). This approach was absorbing instruments from both business management and information technology field, being situated at the border between the interests of two scientific communities, therefore revealing a high degree of modernity and innovation. Also, provided the innovative nature, this research domain was not properly explored by the specialized literature, consequently it emerges with a sharp need for specialized researching. The comprehension of the typical phases of this kind of projects and of the critical success factors is oriented towards the convergence of the aspects surveyed by the business and Information Technology (IT) communities, the usage of a common vocabulary, the understanding of the possibilities but also the limits of the current technological environment. This understanding represents the foundation of achieving the benefits supplied by the approach presented.

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Cultural Intelligence as a Prism between Workforce Diversity and Performance in a Modern Organization

Author(s): Kadri Karma,Rebekka Vedina / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2009

In today’s globalizing world it is of importance for managers to manage the constantly growing workforce diversity. Besides the generally promoted idea of diversity management, often limited to fair employment, less attention has been paid to the advantages and hidden potentials of diversity. Previous research that has emphasized the link between diversity and organizational performance has indicated very different results. However it highlights mainly only the easily detectable level of diversity. In the present article a theoretical background is created proposing cultural intelligence as a tool linking different levels of workforce diversity and performance in organizations.

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Perception of Negotiation Partner: Cultural Differences from Perspective of Estonians

Author(s): Maaja Vadi,Kadri Karma,Triin Kask / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2009

Negotiations are a means for entrepreneurial communication and the manner how participants in negotiations treat each other is very much influenced by their cultural background. Cultural background provides individuals an understanding of their partner’s role from various perspectives. Several cultural orientations have been proposed by different authors to measure cultures. Cultural orientation is considered a relative phenomenon and thus the way other cultures are perceived depends largely on the perceiver. Estonia is a small country which was ruled by various powers but Russian and German impact is mentioned the most often. Both of these countries also play an important role in Estonia’s economy and hence it is interesting and valuable to gain better understanding of how Estonians perceive them in the framework of entrepreneurial communication. The aim of the study is to draw some implications for entrepreneurs by way of studying Estonians’ views on Germans’ and Russians’ negotiation behavior. The study was based on the framework of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions using qualitative research method. The findings, along with other issues, bring up three aspects for entrepreneurs to consider when dealing with international negotiations. Limited experience and the perception of differences may lead to generation of stereotypes among entrepreneurs. Therefore, education and thorough investigation would be beneficial for acquiring efficient negotiation behavior.

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Cultural Diversity and Human Resources Management in Europe

Author(s): Cristian Marinas,Monica Condruz-Bacescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2009

The increase in the international dimensions of human resources management and the extension of European Union represents important premises regarding the harmonization of human resources practices at the level of the European countries. Despite this, the main characteristic of the European model of management is diversity. During the last decade, the human resource function registered profound changes, determined especially by the economic, social, cultural and political context registered at Europe level. Thus, nowadays the human resource function integrates more and more a strategic vision. The human resource managers take part at the process of elaborating the strategies and policies at organizational level. The extension of the European Union contributes at the realization of a social, economic, political, legislative climate at the level of the entire continent, but despite these, the cultural differences among countries can be eliminated, that means that from the point of view of human resources practices, the European countries will be characterized by a series of differentiation elements.

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Japanese Professional Development at Makita Romania

Author(s): Adina Letiţia Negruşa,Daniela One / Language(s): English Issue: S1/2009

The major reason why culture influence work commitment and attitude is that culture entails the basic values, norms and behaviour patterns that are relevant in the organizational context. Due to the fact that human resources are a factor of differentiation and a source of competitiveness, a growing number of companies are constantly expanding human resources investment even in periods of recession. The objective of our study was to identify some important similarities of Japanese human resources development adopted by international subsidiaries from our country. We took into consideration the case study of Makita because of its major investments done into our industry and impact on labour market. Therefore it is essential to develop appropriate programs to support the human resources performance into Romanian society.

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Company’s Reactions to the Challenges of the Global Economic Crisis

Author(s): Doina Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: S1/2009

The article presents the importance of increasing the marketing communication role in international economic crisis context. Thus, firms must use ”corporate communication”, viral marketing. The paper stresses the importance of developing corporate communication which consist in integrating sensitivity and a communication policy to the highest level of business management, the new concepts are: identity, culture, project of firm. The importance of using viral marketing in crisis context is highlighted by the positive impact on sales and reduced costs. Also, the paper presents trends imposed by the global economic crisis in the field of production and sales of clothing, respectively the company`s reactions to the challenges of the global economic crisis.

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Impact of Economic Crisis on SMEs

Author(s): Ciprian Nicolescu / Language(s): English Issue: S1/2009

The world economic crisis started in 2008 was also felt in Romania. Most specialists believe that it is a major international economic crisis, with multiple negative effects on the world economies. The purpose of this item is to reveal few findings of an extensive empirical research of SMEs made in 2009, regarding dynamics of the activity of SMEs during October 2008 - March 2009, psychological impact of economic crisis on entrepreneurs, opinions regarding the peak of the crisis and entrepreneurs’ perceptions related to the Government’s capacity to combat the economic crisis The research has been conducted on a sample of 1099 SMEs – micro, small and medium sized firms - operating in all economic sectors, covering every age category and each of the eight development regions, being considered as representative for the Romanian SMEs’ situation.

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The Professionalization of the Sustainable Development Management. The Ecologist Manager Profile

Author(s): H. C. Ion Petrescu / Language(s): English Issue: S1/2009

The manager profession has an important role in the sustainable development management framework. It considers the managerial reality transformation in order to obtain economical, technical, social and ecological results in the organization. Throughout its profession, the ecologist manager express its functional relations with the employees and the managing team. And it also ensures the efficiency of the managerial acts, which bound the science and the practice.

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Cultural Diversity: A Global Challenge

Author(s): Irina Leca / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2015

XXI century is the century of globalization, a century dominated by multinational organizations supremacy which gradually expanded to conquer the world through their products and services. In every industry working professionals need to interact with people from other ethnic and nationals groups, at home, job and around the world. Decisively all meant for companies and organizations, in addition to innovation and development the source of possible conflicts. Therefore what does cultural diversity mean and how it should be managed?

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Income smoothing and market performance: empirical study on manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia stock exchange

Author(s): Kencana Dewi,Mukhtaruddin Mukhtaruddin,Iqbal Agung Prayudha / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In the age of modern accounting, the era where income information is viewed to be no longer the main information that investor seeks, income smoothing is proven to be still existing. This study aims to find why income smoothing (IS) still exists in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) by analyzing its effect on the market performance (MP). The study divides MP into three perspectives: market response is representing current investor; market risk (MR) is representing potential investor; and market value (MV) is representing the management. Purposive sampling method is applied in this study and 65 companies are examined throughout 2011–2013. Using three models to analyze each of the relation, the results shows that IS only significantly affects the MP of companies in the aspect of market response, while the other aspects, MR and MV, yield insignificant results.

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Five Regional Perspectives of Constructing an Offshore Corporate Structure

Author(s): Ana-Maria Geamănu,Mihaela Dumitrana / Language(s): English Issue: 07/2015

The offshore company, the emblem of the tax haven jurisdictions, is owned by non-residents and it conducts activities outside the island of incorporation in order to benefit from tax advantages. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis on the trends of constructing the offshore corporate structures at the level of five regions where tax havens have been identified: The Caribbean Sea and Central America; Europe; Asia; The Indian Ocean and The Pacific Ocean. Based on the tax and corporate legislation the analysis is focused on the main tax advantages offered by these entities, the incorporation and administration procedures as well as the costs involved. The results have shown that pure offshore corporate legislation is to be found at the level of only three geographic areas: The Caribbean Sea and Central America; The Indian Ocean and The Pacific Ocean and the offshore law is predominantly international, with only fine regional differences.

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Caribbean Offshore Corporate Structures Under a SWOT Analysis

Author(s): Ana-Maria Geamănu / Language(s): English Issue: 07/2015

Tax havens have long been under the attention of numerous Governments and International Organizations which triggered the concern of an uneven playing field in the taxation area. As a result numerous amendments have been made to both their commercial and tax legislations in order to be in line with the internationally agreed tax standards. The aim of this article is to conduct a SWOT analysis on the offshore corporate structures found in the Caribbean landscape. Based on a selection process of the most commonly recognized tax havens in the Caribbean region and an analysis of their offshore companies at the level of incorporation, administration, activities conducted and costs, a set of frequently met characteristics have been identified which stand at the basis of the SWOT analysis. The results stand to present a comprehensive four dimension framework of the offshore corporate structures in regards to their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

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The association between foreign directors and opportunistic financial reporting

Author(s): JungHwa Suh,Ho-Young Lee,Hansol Lee / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

This study examines the effect of foreign directors in the board of directors on the monitoring function by analyzing the association between foreign directors and opportunistic financial reporting. The authors address this question by examining the effect of the foreign directors in the board on firms’ discretionary accruals and book-tax difference. The researchers analyze by using Korean firm data for the years 2001–2014 as Korea is one of the few countries that nepotism is strong within the board, providing the ideal setting to analyze the effect of foreign directors on the monitoring function of the board. The authors find that foreign directors have a positive effect on the monitoring function of the board, as discretionary accruals and book-tax differences of firms with foreign directors are lower than those without foreign directors. Further, the researchers find that the positive effect of foreign directors on the monitoring function is more pronounced if foreign directors are independent directors or expertise in accounting or finance. Overall, the findings support the view that foreign directors in the board increase the board diversity, which increases the independence of the board and so the monitoring function.

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The interaction between governance, social responsibility, and territorial attractiveness: an application of “the structural equation modeling approach

Author(s): Hosn el Woujoud Bousselmi,Lorena Caridad,Nuria Ceular Villamandos / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

The purpose of this article is to present and test a conceptual framework that describes how the government’s commitment in improving corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices promotes the attraction of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Tunisia. As such, this conceptual framework inspires the existence of an interaction between the improvement of CSR practices by public policies (PP), and the attraction of FDI. In this regard, this study applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to empirically test this proposed model. It finds that the Tunisian government is valuing CSR and considering it as an investment. It presents examples of instruments, PP and tools that encourage to adopt CSR practices, thus, enhancing the attraction of FDI, which will have a positive impact on the growth of the country in terms of wealth creation, jobs and poverty reduction.

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The Automotive Industry in a New Technological Era

Author(s): Simona Catalina Albulescu,Anca Alexandra Pucãrea,Ovidiu Dascãlu / Language(s): English Issue: 05/2014

The business world is changing at an impressive speed: the global financial crisis, challenging markets, technology and talent crisis have a major impact on business. The last century can be associated with the triumph of the automobile industry. At the beginning of the 21st century the automotive industry has experienced one of the largest shifts in the automotive history. The new CO2 regulations on global level have determined the automotove industry to adopt new and original technologies faster than anticipated. The emerging tendency of car sharing in larger cities added to the media information related to the negative environmental effects of car mobility generate concerns that customers were seeking a replacement to the traditional, individual car ownership. The automotive industry will face challenging years ahead taking into consideration the shifting paradigm in auto-mobility. In this context, this article aims to provide a general perspective of the tendencies in the automotive sector.

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