A félproletár háztartás a modern világrendszer longue durée-je folyamán

Author(s): Wilma A. Dunaway / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 24/2018

Wilma A. Dunaway is a researcher affiliated with the Fernand Braudel Center Research Working Group on Households, Labor Force Formation and the World-Economy. A particular conception of the household, helping to grasp the process of the accumulation of capital at world-system level, was developed in this working group, as a result of the critiques of Wallerstein’s early historical works. This conception, also applied in this study, exposes the household as the fundamental site for the reproduction of the labor force, which combines various forms of labor, and integrates into the capitalist world-system by maintaining hierarchy between these forms. Through the maintenance of this hierarchy, the household allows capitalists to extract surplus from the household itself, and renders the reproductive or informal labor of women publicly invisible. Here, Dunaway puts forward a systematic analysis of how these two processes take place.

A „jó anya” mítosza Magyarországon a reproduktív munka és a piac globális történetének szempontjából

Author(s): Gergely Csányi,Szabina Kerényi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 24/2018

Based on Foucault’s theory of the soul, as well as the methodological insights of Fernand Braudel and world-systems analysis, in our paper we demonstrate how the myths of the good and the bad mother were created by certain actors during the various cycles of the capitalist world system, and how these myths have been embedded into the logic of capitalistic accumulation. We show how these myths, on the one hand, contributed to securing the unpaid reproductive labour necessitated by accumulation, and on the other hand, supported a new market segment from the 19th century onwards. First we present an outline of the history of the myth of the good mother at the core of the world system, then we summarise the socialist myth of the good mother. Finally, we use empirical examples to illustrate the contemporary Hungarian myth of the good mother.

Emberi tényező? Az antropocén-narratíva kritikája

Author(s): Alf Hornborg,Andreas Malm / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 25/2019

The Anthropocene narrative portrays humanity as a species ascending to power over the rest of the Earth System. In the crucial field of climate change, this entails the attribution of fossil fuel combustion to properties acquired during human evolution, notably the ability to manipulate fire. But the fossil economy was not created nor is it upheld by humankind in general. This intervention questions the use of the species category in the Anthropocene narrative and argues that it is analytically flawed, as well as inimical to action. Intra-species inequalities are part and parcel of the current ecological crisis and cannot be ignored in attempts to understand it.

Az olcsó természet vége, avagy rájöttem, hogy nem kell félteni "a" természetet, meg is lehet szeretni a kapitalizmus válságát

Author(s): Jason W. Moore / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 25/2019

Does capitalism today face the “end of cheap nature”? If so, what could this mean, and what are the implications for the future? We are indeed witnessing the end of cheap nature in a historically specific sense. Rather than view the end of cheap nature as the reassertion of external “limits to growth,” I argue that capitalism has today exhausted the historical relation that produced cheap nature. The end of cheap nature is best comprehended as the exhaustion of the value-relations that have periodically restored the “Four Cheaps”: labor-power, food, energy, and raw materials. Crucially, these value-re-lations are co-produced by and through humans with the rest of nature. e decisive is-sue therefore turns on the relations that enfold and unfold successive configurations of human and extra-human nature, symbolically enabled and materially enacted, over the longue durée of the modern world-system. Significantly, the appropriation of unpaid work—including “free gifts” of nature—and the exploitation wage-labor form a dialectical unity. The limits to growth faced by capital today are real enough, and are “limits” co-produced through capitalism as world-ecology, joining the accumulation of capital, the pursuit of power, and the co-production of nature as an organic whole. The world-ecological limit of capital is capital itself.

A szén-dioxid mint értékmérő. Hogyan teremt értéket és pénzt a klímaváltozás?

Author(s): Steffen Dalsgaard / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 25/2019

The introduction of the Kyoto Protocol is an attempt to save the climate through a number of schemes, or mechanisms, that commodify carbon. Among other things, these schemes create monetary incentives to reduce carbon emissions through the trade of permits and credits, and they make carbon an object of financial speculation. Most controversial is apparently the potential of carbon thus to be a universal yardstick for value by commensurating moral spheres of human action (the environment, the economy, development, etc.) that some people regard as distinct. This paper explores the consequences of the speculative aspects of carbon as a standard of value and as potential currency.on

A történettudomány válsága és haszna az antropocén témák tükrében: egyenlőtlenség, hatalom, világrendszer, ellenállás és deep history (Bonneuil és Fressoz: The Shock of the Anthropocene; Lewis és Maslin: The Human Planet)

Author(s): Róbert Balogh / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 25/2019

The importance of the books reviewed here lies in their ability to go beyond the Anthropocene versus Capitalocene debate and in describing a framework of notions that lead to the conclusion that the adequate response to the risks that global biophysical changes bring about is a new mode of living replacing the current form of consumer capitalism. The authors of the two books are two ecologists and two historians. Their arguments converge on the point that if we live in the Anthropocene, then the academic response to this condition is a critical theory that includes a new narrative about human history and analysis of the processes that brought about the current condition and that need to be changed. The new ground that the volumes break makes it possible to hypothesize that historiography may overcome its decades-long crisis as a result of increasing sensitivity to socio-natural phenomena and interaction with biological sciences.

Периодика 2020 – 2021

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Content of the main Bulgarian scientific journals for the current year in linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography, archaeology and art studies.

Щрихи към българистиката в Кьолнския университет през последните години

Author(s): Iliana Chekova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Дисертации 2021

Author(s): Nikola Kazanski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Defended Ph.D. theses in Bulgaria in the field of linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography and art studies.

Научни форуми 2021

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 42/2021

Data about scientific events in the field of the humanities in Bulgaria in 2021.

Recenzii

Author(s): Ovidiu Cristian Nedu,Lina Codreanu,Virgil Nistru Tiganus,Bogdan Silion / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

Publikacje za rok 2020

Author(s): Marcin Witkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2020

List of publications on Wadowice and the surrounding area, which appeared in 2020.

Ниво на иновационна способност на организациите от сектор ИКТ съобразно участието им в индустриални клъстери

Author(s): Ivan Angelov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The development of innovations has an inevitable impact on the ability of organizations to innovate. Reducing costs and increasing the quality of services force organizations to adapt to the ever-changing environment constantly and adequately. The extremely fast development of information and communication technologies gives grounds to believe that innovations will be a key factor in achieving competitiveness and will continue to be a major challenge for companies in the future. This article presents detailed information on a study of the innovation capability of organizations that belong to the industrial sector “Information and Communication Technologies” (ICT) in Bulgaria. A statistically substantiated comparative analysis of the characteristics of the innovation ability is done. The subject and object of the research are presented. Both methodology and logic for testing the research hypothesis are described in detail. The obtained results confirm the main research thesis related to the importance and role of industrial clusters for increasing the innovation capability of organizations.

Книга за историята на българското висше инженерно образование

Author(s): Manush Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Activities of Land Settlement Commissions in The South of Ukraine in the Years of Stolypin Agrarian Reform (1906 – 1917)

Author(s): Iryna Mironova,Nataliia Shevchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The article is devoted to one of the important aspects of the Stolypin agrarian reform – the practical activities of land settlement commissions in the field of land surveying in Southern Ukraine in 1906 – 1917. The personnel, tasks and functional responsibilities of members of land settlement commissions are clarified. The main types, volumes and results of land surveying works in the region are determined. It is proved that the practice of boundary works differed in the modernization of technical measures for the elimination of cross-strips, small strips, far-flung land, which led to improved field cultivation, increased agricultural yields and rising land prices. Special attention is paid to land management in the Bulgarian colonies of the region.

Добруджанско-македонският паралел в Българския национален въпрос

Author(s): Georgi N. Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article examines the parallels between the Macedonian and Dobrudzha issues within the framework of the common Bulgarian national question. The issue of Dobrudzha was eventually resolved in international relations, but the Macedonian issue did not find its solution with the entry of the Bulgarian liberation troops and administration in 1941. Thus the historical resemblance ends and here appears the political difference between the liberation of South Dobrudja and the German-authorized ‘temporary administration’ of the part of Macedonia under Bulgarian rule. There is still no lasting and just solution to the Macedonian issue and it cannot be seen in the thick darkness of the geopolitical labyrinth in which the Bulgarian nation was thrown by the Great Powers due to some or other regional interests. And it is unlikely to be seen soon.

Wstęp

Author(s): Dominik Bień,Krzysztof Jakubiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2019

Индулгенции, издавани от източноправославни патриаршии част ІІ

Author(s): Philippos Iliou / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The study, published in Greek in 1983–1985, is devoted to a phenomenon in the Eastern Orthodox Church that had not, until then, been the subject of a special research in the field of social history. Based on a vast array of historical sources, the author presents and comments on facts about the production and distribution of indulgences from the Patriarchates of Constantinople, Alexandria, Jerusalem and Antioch from the 16th to the 20th century. The emergence and gradual establishment of the institution of indulgences in Eastern Orthodoxy is traced within the socio-political and cultural context of four centuries, focusing on the reasons for the introduction of indulgences, the stages of gradual standardization of their text, and the various forms of their distribution. The phenomenon is reflected in detail, taking into account its extension into the field of dogma, economics, social and political relations. The study sheds new abundant light on important issues in the history of the church, societies and attitudes in the world of Eastern Orthodoxy. An inventory of 57 printed Orthodox indulgences is also attached.

„За нашите пари място намериха, а нашите думи и молби под камък оставиха“: Петко Р. Славейков и българският църковен въпрос през 1858 година

Author(s): Vera Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

In 1858 Petko R. Slaveykov (1827–1895) was already an influential public figure in his homeland – the regions of Tarnovo and Tryavna. Gradually, it was becoming more and more visible nationally – especially in the field of the church struggle against the Patriarchate of Constantinople and its metropolitans on Bulgarian lands. Slaveykov’s literary endeavors were becoming more and more recognizable. In this context, one of his unpublished and unknown pamphlets is presented and interpreted in the paper. The attribution of the manuscript is based on a wide range of data – archival, biographical, literary. The connection with the other components of the writer’s work is implemented through facts, topics and language specifics. The full text of the manuscript is presented in compliance with the current rules for publishing archival materials from the Revival epoch.

Благовеста Иванова. Българският архитектурен комплекс на Златния Рог. София, издателство „Парадигма“, 2018. 471 с.

Author(s): Yordan Zhelev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

Book Review