Ритуалното хранене в древността (по материали от Балкано-анатолийския район)

Author(s): Stefan Yordanov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The socio-political system of the tribal so-called age-set stratification embraces a refine mytho-ritual complex, including a specific ritual dietary manner, which namely is the object of study in the article. This ritual dietary manner or more precisely – a dietary manner during the initiatory period as well as during the initiatory rituality – formed in the ancient mytho-epic tradition the mythical image of peoples, which were presented as inhabiting the mythical limits, having a wild existence and consuming food typical for them. The data elucidating these two phenomena – the specific diets and the peoples following these diets – are presented in the article by some typical examples. The information of two authors belonging to the mytho-epic tradition of the Abioi of Homer – Homer himself and Aeschylus – is analyzed in greater detail. The author is of the opinion that it is Aeschylus who has recorded more precisely the name of this mythical people – Gabioi. The Thracian “roots” of the image of this mythical people are evidenced by this fact among others that the data of both Homer and Aeschylus describe not a nomadic style of existence but an initiatory way of life, mostly through the information about their specific dietary manner.

Българското Черноморие през XIV век – контактна зона на православие и католицизъм

Author(s): Momchil Mladenov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The paper presents the place of the Bulgarian Black Sea coast in the geography of religious contacts and conflicts in the 13th – 14th centuries. This area is characterized by ethnic and religious diversity. But the local ethnic and cultural appearance is determined by the Orthodox population – Bulgarians and Greeks. In the first part of the paper, the author presents the Venetian commercial activities in Varna, Messembria, Sozopol and Anhialo. In the 14th century, the West coast of the Black Sea was gradually caught up in Genoese trade expansion. That is why in the paper, the problem is posed about the role of the Italian colonies as a factor for Catholic propaganda in the Bulgarian lands in the 14th century. According to the author in this respect, Venetians and Genoese had limited influence. More significant factor were the Catholic bishoprics in the Black Sea area. Among them the bishopric of Kaffa (present Feodosia in Crimea) stood out where in 1317, a Latin prelate established himself. During same military conflicts on the Bulgarian Coast in the 14th century, separate cases of religious confrontation were observed. The paper also examines the role of the Orthodox episcopates and monasteries. In the 14th century, no elements of strong confrontation between Orthodox Christians and Catholics on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast could be traced. The conversion of particular individuals from Orthodoxy to Catholicism was due to concrete and extraordinary circumstances.

Религия и идентичност (на примера на селища в района на Герлово)

Author(s): Nevena Nedelcheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In the paper, the author concentrates her attention upon two villages in the region – Ak dere yakasý (present-day Byala reka) and Alvanlar (present-day Yablanovo), which appear to be indicative for the religious identity of the Muslim population that inhabited them. The religious symbiosis was expressed in a local interlacement between the orthodox Islam and its heterodox variation within the boundaries of a given town or village. Nowadays they are an example of a typical orthodox Muslim centre, such as Byala Reka village, and of a heterodox centre – such as Yablanovo. These two villages were an original demonstration of a widespread religious phenomenon, which occurred in other towns and villages in the whole region during the 16th – 17th centuries. They broke up the traditional notion of the meeting of Christianity and orthodox Islam and posed the interesting problem about the religious identity of the people living in Gerlovo.

Особености на ранноосманските еднокуполни джамии в България

Author(s): Zhulieta Gyuleva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The main characteristic features of the Early Ottoman single-domed mosques are well known. This type of mosque was particularly widespread in the whole of the Anatolian region and the Balkans. A few Early Ottoman single-domed mosques are known from Bulgaria – the mosques in Yambol, Stara Zagora, Veliko Tarnovo, Kyustendil, Karlovo, etc. Among them, Eski Mosque in Yambol and Ahmet Bey Mosque in Kyustendil deserve special attention for their rare layouts. Despite that, the characteristic features that put them in the frame of the Early Ottoman period are not well illustrated. The analysis of their layouts, porticoes, positions of the minaret, building materials, etc. shows that the single-domed mosques from the Early Ottoman era in the Bulgarian lands followed the development of the general planning characteristics and constructional techniques of the period. The creation of rare types like Eski Mosque in Yambol and Ahmet Bey Mosque in Kyustendil, realized only a few decades earlier in North-West Anatolia, shows the connection between Anatolia and the Balkans.

Личното и обществено пространство на търговците в Румелия през ХVI – XVII век (по примера на Филибе и София)

Author(s): Desislava Dimitrova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The article discusses the personal and public space of the merchants in Rumelia in the city space of Filibe and Sofia. The main criteria for the distribution of the cities in the Ottoman Empire and the special place occupied by the two consecutive centres of Pasha Sanjak are presented. An attempt is made to trace the history of the coming into existence of the craftguilds and their professional and public functions, which is perceived as a main common feature among all the traders in the Empire. Several paragraphs of the paper are devoted to factors affecting traders: the geographical extent of the activities being performed; the goods traded – adapted to a specific market in a given city or exported outside the Ottoman Empire; the confessional belonging of traders; the producers engaged in trade or resale. All these circumstances determined one’s attitude towards the market, the workers, a city and the Empire, and, after that, towards religion, the education system, etc. Attention is paid to the activities of the people from Dubrovnik. Their colonies were established in towns attractive for their geographic situation or well developed economic relations with the different parts of the Empire. It is for this reason that they set up their communities in Filibe and Sofia. Individual motives for starting a certain entrepreneurial activity, the attitude of the central government to the confessional communities, etc. are also examined. The space around the carsi shops absorbed the everyday life of their owners. This was easily noticeable because it had different functions throughout the different parts of the day. During the business hours, all the activities related to the exchange of goods were done in the open, in front of the participants in the process. Within the framework of this process, the meeting with the other important subject of the commercial activity – the client – was realized. It was then that the shop changes its appearance. It had to become an attractive centre but a number of circumstances had to be available for this: a key location, high quality of the range of goods offered, and the seller’s talent. In the course of the day, it was transformed, its appearance was changed, the leading figures as well. The communication with the customers was ousted by the relations between apprentice and master. All this means that the workshops (and subsequently the offices) should not be regarded as a “room with the instruments belonging to it”, but as essential centres of communication between people from one and the same guild. Apart from their main commercial functions, the workshops could also have specific ones as for example guaranteeing the regulation of the rights of women in the family. The influence of merchants on urban architecture, planning and art is also discussed in the paper.

Православни архиереи, свещеници, енориаши в османски документи от фонда “Пископос калеми”

Author(s): Krasimira Mutafova / Language(s): Turkish,English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The present paper is based on selected documents (sultan’s orders, patriarchal and metropolitan requests – arzuhal, requests by parishioners, collective petitions – mahzar – of metropolitans and bishops of various dioceses, different types of income and expense excerpts, etc.) from the partly published fund Piskopos kalemi of the Istanbul Ottoman Archives. The author focuses her research interest on the specificity of the relations between the representatives of the higher clergy as well as on the relations between the parish clergy and their dependent congregations, on the one hand, and the Orthodox bishops, on the other. The result of the intrigues and conflicts between the three sides of the Orthodox community (prelates, priests, and parishioners), eloquently attested in the commented documents, is the direct interference of the Ottoman authority in spheres, which were legally protected against such interference.

Щрихи от електоралната география на САЩ – демократи срещу републиканци на президентските избори

Author(s): Rumen Yankov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The article analyzes some characteristics of the electoral geography of the United States based on the results of the presidential elections by states and counties. It tracks the dynamics of voters and the peculiarities of the electoral system in spatial terms. It also characterizes the electoral preferences of the main areas of the country.

Опит за определяне и лимитиране на туристически локализации в Централна Северна България

Author(s): Mariela Nekova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The tourist region determination in Bulgaria was set up in the 1960s. There has been a new trend of interest in the tourist regions. The concept of tourist location, which was implemented in the very first tourist region determinations in our country, still has its popularity; it is a part of the modern geographic research tools of tourism. The leading approach in the determination of tourist locations is associated with our idea of the location as a relatively small area of neighbouring settlements, or area, where tourist activity is highly concentrated. In this research 10 tourist locations have been identified: Teteven-Ribaritsa, Troyan, Apriltsi, Lovech, Gabrovo, Tryavna-Dryanovo, Veliko Tarnovo-Arbanasi, Elena, Pleven, Ruse. These tourist locations can be distinguished by territory according to 10 economic and geographic criteria.

Възможности за развитие на културния туризъм в област Стара Загора

Author(s): Angel Sherilov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The history of Stara Zagora determines some of the most remarkable features of its identity. Today Stara Zagora is a logical consequence of the intertwining of different historical epochs of the past eight millennia. Every era has created certain tangible and intangible traces, spatial structures and cultural models, source of inspiration and knowledge for today. In recent decades, historical sites and their full expression is recognized as a factor in economic development. A similar idea becomes reasonable storage and modern interpretation of history, an important challenge for the Municipal Development Plan of the Municipality of Stara Zagora. Prehistory left the Bereket mound, representing the largest prehistoric structure in Bulgaria and the Neolithic dwellings, which are a unique source of information about lifestyle before eight millennia. Material historical sites and various cultural patterns were formed in time. It is the understanding that the legacy goes beyond the framework of legally defined cultural values, that is, objects placed under legal protection. Particularly relevant is the theme of the economic significance of the cultural heritage, seen as a prerequisite for the development of the tourism sector and its associated service functions. Attractiveness of cultural values, combined with planned and built adjacent environment, create a tourist product which is high in quality.

Романът „Временното“ на Габриела Адамещяну като още един прочит на миналото

Author(s): Yoana Slavcheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The Novel “The Temporary” written by the Romanian novelist Gabriela Adameshtyanu was published in 2010 as a sequel to her first novel “The Same Road, Day after Day” and is both a political and a social novel focusing on the fate and the social position of the individual in the political context of Communist Romania. It presents a vivid and realistic picture of people’s lives in those years and deals with a number of issues such as the totalitarian regime as an evil that marred the destiny of entire generations, the fear, the strive for survival and personal growth in the context of various restrictions as well as the inevitable notion of “temporariness”, which was ubiquitous in those days.

Историческая топонимия провинции Родопа. Этимологические и лингвострановедческие аспекты

Author(s): Aleksandr Shaposhnikov / Language(s): Russian,Greek, Modern (1453-) Issue: 1/2018

Фірмоніми як компонент сучасної мовної картини України (на матеріалі назв м. Дніпра)

Author(s): Yaroslava Ribalka,Olena Stepanenko / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 1/2018

In article features of a history Ukrainian names of firms are traced, traditions names of Dnepro’s firms are investigated. Are analyzed names of firms different spheres and directions (trading and on granting services), various to destination and the consumer (legal, medical, building, grocery etc., nurseries, female, man’s). The characteristic both positive, and to negative examples is given. Materials of article can interest as scientific, and everyone who is interested in problems of language.

Урбаноніми у рекламних текстах фармацевтичних препаратів як джерело вивчення історії міста Одеси

Author(s): Svitlana Nasakina / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 1/2018

The article deals with the functioning of urbanonyms in pharmaceuticals advertising texts. The purpose of the article is the defining the specifics of the urbanonyms functioning in pharmaceuticals advertising texts. It is presented a brief description of urbanonyms in different historical periods. It is proved that urbanonyms serve as the additional source of historical documents, they promote disclosure of advertising text’s ideas. It is rather nominally created urbanonyms classification in pharmaceuticals advertising texts, according to which the following urbanonyms groups are presented: 1) outstanding persons in Odessa or the country; 2) the names of other cities; 3) the names of nations; 4) famous scientists, 5) writers. It is eliminated nominative, information and advertising, cultural and symbolic functions of urbanonyms in pharmaceuticals advertising texts.

Международна конференция, посветена на о. Паисий Хилендарски и създаването на „История славянобългарска“

Author(s): Margaret Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

Международна конференция „Просопография на Средновековна България“

Author(s): Sashka Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

Национална научна конференция "Будителският XIX век на българите"

Author(s): Nikoleta Patova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

Михаил Неделчев на 80 години

Author(s): Marieta Girginova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

ТЕОРИЈЕ СИСТЕМА ВЛАСТИ У ЕНГЛЕСКОМ КОНСТИТУЦИОНАЛИЗМУ ОСАМНАЕСТОГ СТОЛЕЋА

Author(s): Lidija R. Basta / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-4/1983

Theories on the system of powers in the eighteenth century English constitutionalism are profoundly affected by a conservative political thought. They leave aside radically individualistic elements of the Lockean doctrine on the separation of powers. This is primarily the outcome of the post-revolutionary phase in England, the political system of which being the institutional and functional framework of a socio-economic balance, deeply rooted into the society of the time. After having thoroughly discussed on the conservative doctrine of the balancеd constitution (Blackstone, Burke) and Bentham’s teaching on the real system of powers as opposed to its constitutional pattern, the author arrives at the following concluding highlights of the eighteenth century constitutional thought on government. First. The element of control has proven substantial for functioning of any system of powers aimed at providing for limited government. This is why any theoretically consequent doctrine on the separation of powers has been made irrelevant The active balance in the relationship between the legislative and executive powers can be carried out by having their functional independence of each other brought to a certain degree only. Secondly. When arguing for such doctrine on they system of powers that shall per se provide for government under law, by having each of the powers checked and controlled by another, the English constitutionalists cannot help seeking socio-political foundations of a constitutionally laid down balance, this being both their theoretical and ideological argumentation. Thirdly. The eighteenth century English liberalism takes for granted that individual liberty shall be guaranteed when having political power legality institutionalized. This is how the system of powers has been made the institutional i.e. legal means of limitation and control of political power.

Емил дьо Лавеле и българите

Author(s): Alexandre Kostov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

Basic Impulses of Hebrew Pedagogy

Author(s): Andrej M. Čaja / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The privileged place to learn about Hebrew pedagogy is the Bible and rabbinical literature and thus it is of primary interest especially to the religious systems that grew out of it. Nevertheless, from a formal point of view, it offers a priceless contribution to the reflection on educational values as such. The aim of this article is to put forward some basic impulses of Hebrew pedagogy that may be inspirational even today for both teachers and pupils.