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INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STANDARDS IN COMBATING CHILD ONLINE SEXUAL ABUSE AND EXPLOITATION

Author(s): Bistra Netkova,Ariana Qosaj Mustafa / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2021

The general international standards are being discussed in this article, as well as more relevant ones concerned with the problem of sexual exploitation and child abuse. Further, the article discusses a growing understanding of children’s exposure to violence, strengthened commitments to secure their safety and protection, and significant international implementation efforts to mobilize support for prevention and response and to help change attitudes and behavior which condone violence against children. With the fast development of the internet and online social networks, the article ends with a conclusion in identifying criminal law benchmarks based on the previously identified general international standards.

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Периодика 2020

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 41/2020

Content of the main Bulgarian scientific journals for the current year in linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography, archaeology and art studies

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Smart dwellings

Author(s): Mihaela Zamfir (Grigorescu),Mihai Viorel Zamfir,Ileana Ciobanu,Andreea Georgiana Marin / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

Preamble: The pandemic with COVID-19 that we have been experiencing globally for almost one year now brings continuous challenges on many levels, the built environment being an important one. Social distancing meant that during this period housing has been requested differently, first as a shelter, now as a space in which we have to work or learn. Objectives: The research aims to identify dwellings parameters that need reconsideration from the pandemic experience with COVID-19, how these can be adjusted in order to meet safety and comfort requirements to ultimately maintain well-being. Prior work: The paper investigates the latest written documents on the influence of the pandemic with COVID-19 on the built environment, including published articles, peer-reviewed articles, digital blog posts, expert opinions. Approach: The research is of narrative review type and interdisciplinary investigation of the specialized literature but at the same time it is also a reflection of the personal experience of the authors during COVID-19 pandemic. The following parameters of the home are analyzed: areas, dimensions, functions, finishes, accesses, lighting, relationship with the outdoor. Results: Health, safety and comfort are 3 aspects that were tested during the quarantine period and are essential when we talk about housing and pandemic dwellings. It is estimated that there will be changes in the design of new residential buildings, collective and individual. Homes will need versatility, more generous spaces, functional expansions so as to cover both living and work or learning areas. There is talk of a living architecture but at the same time of touchless technology. The post-pandemic COVID-19 architecture will emphasize the user's well-being, but with much more emphasis on safety issues. Implications: The challenges of the pandemic will influence the design process with possible changes in regulations, with an impact on architects, verification requirements, and contractors but also costs for the beneficiary. The architecture of post-pandemic housing will be an interdisciplinary collaboration between architect and specialists such as medical doctor, biologist, psychologist, engineers. Value: The paper highlights the importance of the need for an interdisciplinary approach in the design of housing, a new aspect catalyzed by the pandemic with COVID-19.

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Surabaya towards a smart city constrained by COVID-19

Author(s): Akhmad Yusuf ZUHDY,Aan FAUZI / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

Surabaya, East Java is one of the cities in Indonesia which is well known as a Smart City. This achievement can not be separated from the breakthroughs and innovations that the local City Government (Pemkot) has made. The city government of Surabaya has also received various awards from within and outside the country, especially in the field of smart city. One of the awards is the 2018 OpenGov Recognition of Excellence. However, when the smart city was being helded, a pandemic emerged that attacked almost all parts of the world. This study aims to identify obstacles and steps to deal with Covid-19 without disturbing the stability of Surabaya towards a smart city. The data were obtained from social media from the Surabaya municipal government and the smart city parameters were taken from academic papers. The concept of smart city according to Surabaya begins with Smart Government, namely by implementing an internet-based government system which is also known as e-procurement. Other parameters are smart branding, smart economy, smart living, smart society, smart environment. This paper focuses on discussing smart environment without neglecting other parameters. Unfortunately, since the Covid-19 pandemic Surabaya has become the city in Indonesia with the most corona cases after Jakarta and Bogor with confirmed positive data up to November 1, 2020, amounting to 15,973 cases. The Surabaya City Government (Pemkot Surabaya) has implemented various efforts in order to prevent or break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. Consists of promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative efforts.

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Опити за употреба в публичната комуникация на пандемията Ковид-19 като държавна идеология

Author(s): Georgi Lozanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2021

The article looks at the systematic attempts to transform the coronavirus epidemic into a state ideology similar to the Marxist-Leninist one, within the former Eastern Bloc. However, the current ideological attempts do not rely on repressive state apparatuses. They are voluntarily accepted. What operates behind this voluntary acceptance is a public communication strategy based on the war model and in a regime of hyper-information, i.e. infodemic. It is a strategy with a pyramidal structure, the top of which is held by the state government, reframed as “good” power. For the first time at the base of an ideology is not a historic event, but a natural one. This gives such a nature-based ideology the chance to exploit and govern the most basic existential fears of people. Furthermore, the article is focused on the current Bulgarian political situation. However, the aforementioned pandemic’s ideological strategies and their influence in Bulgaria are placed in the broader context of the return of conservative ideologies and the destabilization of the liberal consensus in Europe and the States.The article looks at the systematic attempts to transform the coronavirus epidemic into a state ideology similar to the Marxist-Leninist one, within the former Eastern Bloc. However, the current ideological attempts do not rely on repressive state apparatuses. They are voluntarily accepted. What operates behind this voluntary acceptance is a public communication strategy based on the war model and in a regime of hyper-information, i.e. infodemic. It is a strategy with a pyramidal structure, the top of which is held by the state government, reframed as “good” power. For the first time at the base of an ideology is not a historic event, but a natural one. This gives such a nature-based ideology the chance to exploit and govern the most basic existential fears of people. Furthermore, the article is focused on the current Bulgarian political situation. However, the aforementioned pandemic’s ideological strategies and their influence in Bulgaria are placed in the broader context of the return of conservative ideologies and the destabilization of the liberal consensus in Europe and the States.

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Читалищни народни университети

Author(s): Penka Tzoneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

165 years separate us from the creation of the unique structure for Bulgarian education – the library community centers. The evolution of their functions has an unchanging focus – raising the cultural and educational level of the population regardless of gender, age, beliefs, ethnicity and religion, carried out in different, historically originated forms. One of them is the Library folk university – a higher form of library education in its capacity of the most popular extracurricular education. The derived practices and approaches applied by the people's universities in the process of education of the local population according to its real spiritual and social needs are a valuable experience for the modern educational policy, called to be an active factor for self-education and lifelong learning.

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The National Festival of Folklore in Koprivshtitsa in the Context of a Local Community

Author(s): Milena Lyubenova,Stela Nenova / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

The article describes the National Festival of Folklore in Koprivshtitsa in through the eyes of a particular local community, that of the village of Bistritsa, Sofia region. The study is based on fieldwork conducted in January 2015 at the local community centre. The main method of investigation is the semi-structured interview, which offers local people the opportunity to select the most significant moments in their narratives and to express their own understanding and interpretations of folklore heritage. The authors pay particular attention to the processes of transformation of local tradition into cultural heritage, which became especially visible after the 1930s and the 1940s. The text outlines the processes and means by which the local community presents its culture and understands the necessity of its contemporary safeguarding as a living practice. The influence of local and national cultural institutions is duly marked, including the influence of the local community centre and the National Festival of Folklore in Koprivshtitsa. Special attention is also given to these institutions’ contributions towards the conceptualization of different elements of the respondents’ local culture and the ways in which local culture becomes a resource for the construction of different networks of identities: cultural, local and national. The text also highlights the basic accents and interpretations in the narratives of the respondents who discuss the National Festival; the Festival’s importance as a place for the representation of their traditional village cultural elements; its role in their preservation; the character of the Festival stage and changes to it through the years; as well as the personal experiences of the community members during the Festival.

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Welcome to Cyberia! Notes from the Digital Field. Edited by: Angelina Ilieva, Lina Gergova, Lozanka Peycheva, Svetla Kazalarska. Sofia: Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum – BAS, 2014. 411 p.

Author(s): Svetla Petkova / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

Book review

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Jaroslav Otčenášek and Vihra Baeva (Eds.). Dictionary of Terms of Verbal Folklore. Bulgaria. Prague–Sofia: EI – ASCR and IEFSEM – BAS, 2013. 380 p., with illustrations

Author(s): Stanoy Stanoev / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

Book review

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Elka Bakalova. The Cult of Relics and Miracle-Working Icons. Traditions and Modernity. Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Publishing House of BAS, 2016. 194 p., with illustrations

Author(s): Ivanka Gergova / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

Book review

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Периодика 2021

Author(s): Emiliya Voleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 43/2021

Content of the main Bulgarian scientific journals for the current year in linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography, archaeology, and art studies

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Гробът на Хаджи Димитър e под връх Хаджи Димитър в Стара планина

Author(s): Vera Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents archival materials and other historical sources which keep primary information about the death and funeral of the famous Bulgarian rebel leader Hadzhi Dimitar Asenov (1840 – 1868) who originates from the town of Sliven. The widely accepted thesis that Hadzhi Dimitar was deadly shot during the Buzludzha battle (18th July 1868) and was buried at the place of the battle has been proven once again by bringing new motives and logical arguments. The funeral of the famous revolutionary on the Buzludzha peak (named in 1942 Hadzhi Dimitar peak) has been confirmed with memorial and archaeological pieces of evidence. Both re-burials of the fallen heroes (1898 and 1961) provide additional data in that direction. Despite scientific argumentation of the said thesis, the article also interprets some uncertain and contradictory evidence about the eventual death of Hadzhi Dimitar on the Kadrafil peak, located in the Sredna gora mountain – 50 km away from Bualudzha peak in the Stara planina mountain. Neither factual nor logical arguments of this legend withstand scientific criticism. Nevertheless, they are persistently popularized by local patriots, originating mainly from the village Svezhen (formerly called Ajar – until 1934). Furthermore, supporters of the so called Adjar's legend are trying to give national status of their unscientific claims about the death and burial of the famous revolutionary leader Hadzhi Dimitar Asenov. Their unjustified actions are conceptualized in the scientific context of the cultural memory theory. The dispute between the scientific version and the Adjar's legend is explained by the different approaches of historical science and cultural memory toward a single fact from the past – the last moments of a national hero's life. The professional historiography works with objective facts, scientific methods and logical arguments. Cultural memory attracts convenient hypotheses, mythological plots and unprovable local memories.

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Нови извори за научните занимания и интереси по архивистика на акад. Иван Дуйчев

Author(s): Rusalena Pendzhekova-Hristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents unknown documentary evidence from the archival heritage of Acad. Ivan Simeonov Duichev (1907 – 1986), stored in the Center for Slavic-Byzantine Studies “Prof. Ivan Duychev” (CSVP). In terms of content, they represent a valuable historical source, containing information about his research activities and interests in archival science in the 50s of the twentieth century. The sources and archeographic aspects of the newly discovered document are considered. The contributions of Acad. Duychev in the field of theoretical archival science after the publication of his “Lectures on archival science” in 1950are presented.

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Establishing participative Smart Cities: theory and practice

Author(s): Léo J. Portal,Brian Fabrègue / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2022

In recent years, there have been efforts carried out by international organisations, like the OECD or the EU, to push for smart cities to take inclusion as one of their core pillars. This raises the question of a newly discussed concept: participative (or participation) smart cities. More specifically, it raises the question of whether such a setting or program is feasible , and how passive participants can be transformed into active stakeholder. Hence, the objective of this article is to investigate whether participative smart cities exist in 2021 and what drives their success. In order to answer the research question, this article intends to assess the level of citizen participation in a sample of selected smart cities. Based on existing knowledge, a framework listing the most common citizen participative practices, and with the help of a case design of each selected cities, we establish how participative smart cities are feasible and whether there are institutional and political characteristics that make them differ from smart cities that lack participative processes. We find that institutional determinants are key for cities willing to establish participative platforms involving citizens in the city management processes. The article concludes that if smart cities want to follow international organisations recommendations to make cities more inclusive and participatory, institutional reforms must be conducted.

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Inter-organizational collaboration during emergency response:

Author(s): Cyprien Genie,Muhammad IQBAL / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2022

This paper aims at exploring inter-organizational collaboration during emergency response at local level. Specifically, this paper analyzes collaborations between public, private, and non-governmental organizations that evolved in response to 2016 Hurricane Matthew, in Haiti. While governments play a large role in responding to disasters and managing recovery, many disasters are far too large and complex to handle by themselves. That’s where inter-organizational collective action comes to assist and support the relief of the victims. However, considering how problematic disaster collective response action was during the 2010 earthquake in Haiti, this study is guided by the desire to explore what exactly was accomplished on the ground during Hurricane Matthew in terms of efficiency and satisfaction. Moreover, the use of communication and information is also investigated. Research findings revealed that: a) the destruction of information infrastructures hampered communication efficiency; b) the Directorate for Civil Protection (DPC) failed as main national disaster agency to coordinate all the sectors; c) and finally, a lack of leadership and trust were found between involved organizations. The author recommends the use of smart technologies to enhance communication structure, and advocates for a new collaborative culture built on trust and transparency between stakeholders.

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Smart government in local adoption

Author(s): Christian SCHACHTNER / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2021

The digital revolution is an issue for local authorities to actively shape the dynamic change of service expectations.The Objectives of the research project are investigations in how AI-support can speed up decisions of authorities in unknown, dynamically changing situations professionally. The scientific interest lies in the question of possible linking options between learning theories of adult human education and deep learning strategies of machine learning approaches. The Prior work serves the element of service optimization for citizens or business concerning the use of AI-applications for direct interaction and for process optimization in the background of processing.The Approach is in addition to an introduction to the basic user scenarios of AI technology in the public task spectrum of local governance. In this respect, it bases on the empirical findings of the study ‘Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration - Fields of Application and Scenarios”.The Results concern the understanding that human and AI-basic technologies are action-oriented learning systems performing in the fields of creating services in the web 4.0, such as the internet of things. Development learning theories, such as transformative learning for Data Scientists and Public Managers, should have an impact on more customer related AI-applications.The Implications of this interdisciplinary projekt should give an impact to academics in the public management and data sciences as well as specialists of learning in the field of human and machine-interaction. For practioners and leaders of local authorities, the possibilities of implementing AI-services should become clear.The Value of the paper lies in the combination of administrative, learn-strategic, technological, and ethical requirements to be proposed in order to get the application scenarios of AI off the ground, also in the sense of acceptance management in the face of persistent innovation blockades of general ‘smart government’ measures.

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Зооморфната маска в зимните маскарадни игри: примерът Турка

Author(s): Emilia Boyadzhieva-Peeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

The article studies the winter masquerade custom of Turka, as the central object of investigation is its variant from the Romanian village of Cuciulata in Transylvania. In the course of more than a century, the outlook of this mask has remained almost unchanged. The author offers analyses on the altering functions of the mask as an artefact playing the roles of a ritual object and a museum exponent.

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Включване на общностите в процеса на опазване и социализация на наследство – правнонормативни документи на водещи международни организации

Author(s): Plamena Zayachka / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2021

This article explores the changing approaches to the preservation and socialization of cultural heritage. The analysis of the normative documents of the leading international organizations in the field of cultural heritage – from the 50s of the twentieth century to the present day – shows a slow transition to the integration of people and communities in the processes of its preservation. This transition has three main phases: from separation of people and communities from the heritage, through awareness and access to it, and finally, to inclusion in the decision-making process concerning cultural heritage protection. The article also examines where Bulgaria is in this process and how these changes in cultural policies affect the mechanisms of protection of our cultural heritage.

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Културни наследства и сетивна антропология – бележки от терена

Author(s): Irena Bokova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The article offers observations and preliminary notes from the study of cultural heritages with a focus on sensory images and their perception, expression, and communication. Sensory and visual anthropology are applied as research tools in the context of their complementarity and adequacy in regards with specific spheres of study. The author presents some results of her fieldwork in the form of visual archives and short anthropological films, which give further knowledge of the senses and their instrumentalisation for the generation of meanings and values.

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Взаимодействието културно наследство – творчество: как модните дизайнери преоткриват културното наследството като съвременен дизайн

Author(s): Kristina Savova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The aim of the article is to outline and analyse the relationship between fashion and cultural heritage as a source of inspiration for fashion designers. Several examples of French fashion houses are considered, and fashion as art is discussed. In the highly competitive context of modern global fashion and luxury industry, creative practices and processes can be viewed in direct connection with cultural heritage. The interaction between cultural heritage and the creative process is strategic. It works at all levels and includes all components of the production chain, integrating the creation, design, production, and communication. Fashion designers, along with their aesthetic canons, rediscover archetypes, values and imagination, but rethink them in an appropriate, concrete and creative way. The designers offer new visions and meanings, as they experience original processes and approaches. Furthermore, they introduce social, political and cultural issues into the design philosophy, apply new craft skills in the design process or even utilize music and youth culture into the heritage of brands. In this way, cultural heritage is rediscovered as a modern and contemporary design.

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