Instrumental, Intrinsic and Relational Values Related to Traditional Wood Pastures in Transylvania

Author(s): Tibor Hartel / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This essay is inspired by my experience with wood pasture systems and rural societies from Southern Transylvania, as researcher, manager, and inhabitant of that region. The essay is intended to stimulate discussion and fresh thinking around value domains linking human societies with production landscapes. Consistent with that, the literature list is far from comprehensive but rather serves as an entry point for readers who are interested in this topic.This essay is inspired by my experience with wood pasture systems and rural societies from Southern Transylvania, as researcher, manager, and inhabitant of that region. The essay is intended to stimulate discussion and fresh thinking around value domains linking human societies with production landscapes. Consistent with that, the literature list is far from comprehensive but rather serves as an entry point for readers who are interested in this topic.

Patarét – from Waste Management to Risk Policy

Author(s): Barna Bodó,Ibolya Lakatos / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In our study, we examine the waste management of a large city, more specifically how the situation of Cluj-Napoca’s landfill has evolved over the past period. “Patarét” is a negative example; it perfectly illustrates the types and possible ways of handling environmental problems, and the functioning of local politics. In this context, “waste management” is characterized by a “risk policy” that cannot really provide good responses to emerging issues.Our research and study are based on three research methods. We rely primarily on media analysis as a possible technique and methodology of content analysis. In addition to revealing what happened, press review is also a good way of capturing local public life and local politics because the presented topics as well as the issues held on the agenda give a lot of clues about the local conditions. Press review covers two things in this paper: our statements related to waste management are based on press releases, sources, and official websites. In addition, press was examined not only as a source, but we were also wondering in what contexts these subjects are presented and what interpretations are given. These sources were complemented by the experiences of our fieldwork and the results of a non-representative questionnaire. Our study meets the requirements of a case study, as the situation of Patarét (Pata Rât) is described and analysed as an example of waste management in Cluj-Napoca and Cluj County.

Lake Balaton Priority Recreational Area – Local Governments According To The Lake Balaton Act

Author(s): Judit Molnár / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The issue examined by this study is part of the research project called “Roles and tools of local governments in the implementation of ecological sustainability” supported by NKFIH and launched by the Law School of the University of Debrecen in September 2015. The participants involved in this research examine which role Hungarian local governments have in environmental policy and in the development and implementation of environmental law (Fodor–Barta–Fóna–Bányai 2016. 19–39). Within the scope of this research, a focus-group interview was conducted at the Common Office of the Local Government of Siófok in June 2017, where the discussion was focused on the activity carried out by Siófok in the field of urban environmental protection and on the relevant regulatory tools. One of the questions we asked was whether there were/had been any environmental conflicts or ecological disagreements between the neighbouring/nearby municipalities. The deputy mayor representing the relevant local government and the office staff all agreed that “Lake Balaton Act is the common regulatory instrument, so there are not any conflicts. Instead, cooperation is implemented, among others, in the field of bicycle tourism.” Based on this statement, we will examine Act CXII of 2000 on the adoption of the Area Development Plan of Lake Balaton Priority Recreational Area and the establishment of Balaton Area Development Regulation indicated as a common regulatory instrument in this study in the light of the framework role of the above mentioned law relating to the area management and environmental activity of the municipalities in Lake Balaton Priority Recreational Area.

Nazwy części wsi, przysiółków, osad i rumunków – nazwy terenowe czy miejscowe? (na podstawie toponimów ziemi dobrzyńskiej)

Author(s): Kinga Zawodzińska-Bukowiec / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Роля мікратапаніміі ў выяўленні семантыкі мясцовых апелятываў (на ўсходнепалескім матэрыяле)

Author(s): Vadzim Shkliaryk / Language(s): Polish,Belarusian Publication Year: 0

Expresívnosť orohodoným

Author(s): Ján Bauko / Language(s): Slovak,English Publication Year: 0

Toponimy w słownikach ogólnych języka polskiego

Author(s): Patrycja Pałka / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Osiągnięcia onomastyczne jubilatów

Author(s): Aleksandra Cieślikowa / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Ernst Eichler – człowiek i onomasta ponad granicami

Author(s): Ewa Jakus-Borkowa / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Sławomir Gala – dialektolog, onomasta, dydaktyk, organizator nauki

Author(s): Renata Gliwa,Irena Jaros / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Provocarea multilingvismului în societatea contemporană

Author(s): Oxana Chira,Angela Bucătaru / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The acquisition of a second or additional language, in whatever learning environment it might occur, is always bound to external and internal factors, about whose effects on the acquisition process we still do not know enough. One of these factors is the individual multilingualism. In our contribution, we would like to start from the hypothesis that, in principle, multilingual people, whether they speak two or more languages, are better foreign language learners in school learning contexts than monolingual people. The reason for this is that they develop a higher degree of language awareness and language acquisition. At the same time, we maintain, however, that we are not deriving enough advantage from this potential of a very large group of to an adequate extent

OPPORTUNITIES TO IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Author(s): Kamen Petrov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Development of scientific knowledge in recent years has systematization of regional issues and opportunities to improve the management of regional development. To a large extent this is related to the determination of basic fundamental productions related to the clarification of the subject area of regional development and regional policy. The report examines the possibility of systematization of scientific instruments of regional development and the definition of his problem area. It is expressed in the framing of the different scientific fields and theoretical development of regional science.

Analysis of the Influence of Environmental Protection Investments on Trends in Air Quality for the Specific Regions of the Czech Republic

Author(s): Helena Mikulíková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The contribution is focused on the evaluation of the trends of environmental protection investments and the trends of air pollution levels for the specific regions over a given period of time. The methods of empiricism, comparison, excerption and trend analysis are used.

Comparative Performance Analysis of the Central European Regional Airports by Means of Spider Analysis

Author(s): Ivana Stryčeková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper encompasses an analysis of economic performance of seven regional airports in Central Europe in 2008. The selected airports are divided into three categories according to their geographical position (Slovakia, Czech Republic and Austria). There is no existence of the studies dealing with economic performance of regional airports. The attention being paid to measure economic performance of major international airports and regional ones have always stayed behind. The method which is used to estimate best performing airport in the sample is Spider analysis. Apart of the shortcomings of this method in practice, in theoretical application Spider analysis is used by economists as the best approach to evaluate economic and financial situation of the enterprises. The aim of the paper is to evaluate economic performance of Central European regional airports from point of view of the different assessment areas including labour productivity, capital productivity, revenue generation, profitability and cost efficiency in accordance with application of ratio indicators implied in Spider analysis.

The planning system in Norway with focus on mountain destinations

Author(s): Even Tjørve / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Summarizing, the biggest challenges of spatial planning for tourism destinations and second-home devopments in the mountain regions in south-eastern Norway are the: ƒ conflict between production and protection of nature; - private planning replacing public planning; - lack of competence and capacity for planning at the municipality level; - the present plan- and building act being partly outdated and unable to function as a regulatory tool in a planning regime increasingly handed over to the private and market forces, causing a piece-by-piece deveopment of mountain areas with no totallity in the planning; -two regimes for planning and management, one for protected land (where the county is the authority) and for other land areas (where the municipality is the authority); more private planning combined with lack of competence and capacity at the municipality level has fueled a neoliberal planning culture where the role of local and regional governments has gone from governance to governmental assistance to stimulate development (Fimreite et al., 2005); - lack of planning at the local level prevents the development of stategies adapted to the location and conditions for tourism development in the municipality (for example, taking considerations such as distance to markets and the location and extent of commerce and services in the local community). This seems to affect the market for second homes in particular (see Figure 2 & 3).

The spatial planning system in Poland. Focus on tourist destinations

Author(s): Katarzyna Leśniewska-Napierała,Iwona Pielesiak,Jacek Kaczmarek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This report offers insight into contemporary problems that space planning and sustainable tourism development are faced with in case of Poland, a CEE country with a turbulent history of socio-economic and political changes that have taken place over the last few decades. Key challenges that are being observed range from legal and organisational issues to those related to social change and economic efficiency. Furthermore, transport accessibility has increased to an unprecedented degree, and new technologies have been adopted in daily life on a massive scale. Therefore, the need for innovative approach ought to be recognised and properly addressed. One of the main problems is the lack of planning integration relating to the different aspects of development, namely socioeconomic planning, spatial planning, tourism planning, and planning for natural environment and cultural landscape. Moreover, institutional obstacles have further restricted the effectiveness of modern spatialplanning in Poland. That is, among others, rigid (inflexible) administrative division of the country. It is highly unlikely that this one will be reformed, at least in a medium-term perspective. Hence, its impact should be considered a permanent challenge. When it comes to issues of social and economic nature, it is worth emphasising that those are often common in countries other as Poland. That includes the tendency to seek new spaces for exploration, as tourism often becomes the primary source of income for people inhabiting places that traditionally were considered unattractive. The same refers to increasing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises, which remain the basis for the functioning of the tourism sector. Among other factors changing the conditions for tourism, while remaining key phenomena for spatial planning, there are new consumer habits and the shortening of the geographic distance. Both require strong focus on developing innovation and digitisation. The last challenge to be mentioned, however, and an extremely important one from the point of view of the objectives of the SPOT project, is the diversification of the tourist offer as opposed to the development of mass tourism observed so far. The impact of the latter is completely divergent from the principles of sustainable development, while in case of diversification, new opportunities appear that may become a solution for at least some of contemporary ethical dilemmas.

The planning system in Portugal

Author(s): João Paulo Jorge,Verónica Oliveira,Fernanda Oliveira,Luís Lima Santos,Ana Sofia Viana,Cátia Malheiros / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Summarizing, territorial planning in Portugal it is important to retain: - One of the great challenges is to direct the development process towards the common good, towards the quality of life of the populations and towards greater sustainability; - It is the State that has a decisive role in terms of planning and ordering, and within the scope of the territorial management system, various entities of the central administration intervene, as well as municipalities; - It was only in the 1980s that a modern land management system began to be implemented; - One of the major milestones in the organization of the planning system in Portugal was the General Basic Law for Spatial Planning and Urban Planning, of 1998, and the Legal Regime of Territorial Management Instruments, of 1999. - Currently, the most important legal framework concerns the General Basic Law for Public Policy on Soil, Spatial Planning and Urban Planning (LBGPPSOTU) in 2014 and the new Legal Regime for Territorial Management Instruments (RJIGT) in 2015; - Territorial management system comprises 4 scales of analysis – national, regional, inter-municipal and municipal, covered by a variety of Programs and Plans; - At the level of Tourism, there is an instrument – Tourism Strategy 2027 – which is the reference for the development of public policies and business strategies in the tourism sector; - Despite the law enshrining the general principle of citizen participation in the planning process, in Portugal there is still a weak adhesion, in the different phases in which they can participate; - Territorial management system established in 1999 was never fully operationalized in all its components; - In order for planning and management to be more effective, it means recognizing the values of the territory, as well as promoting a culture of spatial planning that brings institutions and citizens closer to territorial management instruments.

Spatial planning system in Turkey Focus on tourism destinations

Author(s): Tolga Levent,Yasemin Sarikaya Levent,Kemal Birdir,Sevda SAHİLLİ BİRDİR / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As to summarize, the major challenges of the spatial planning of tourism destinations in Turkey are: - the complex and complicated character of the planning system that causes fragmentation and might create spatial incoherency and functional inconvenience for the same spatial settings; - the ambiguity of legal frameworks regulating the spatial planning practices that creates a confusion of powers within the domain of spatial planning and eliminates the standardization of planning practices and the establishment of precedents; - the lack of public participation; - the over- and under-use of tourism potentials both of which creates negative externalities for their regions.

Miasto tworzone wspólnie. Przygotowanie i wdrożenie nowej strategii rozwoju Łodzi do roku 2030+

Author(s): Tomasz Bużałek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the chapter is to discuss the process of preparing and implementing the development strategy for the city of Lodz by the year 2030+. The document was written and adopted as one of the first in the country after the amendment of the act on the development policy planning. The preparation of the document was a long-lasting process, and one of the main challenges faced by its authors was to find an approach that would keep the strategy up-to-date also after facing unpredictable occurrences and shocks. The draft strategy was developed in a mixed participatory and expert model. Public consultations were announced four times during the work on the document. The vision of the strategy states that Lodz is to be a co-created city that fully uses all available resources. The main basis for development is social capital, and the city’s competitiveness is to be built on the maximum use of all its resources. The strategy assumes the implementation of 4 strategic goals, formulated in response to the questions: “How to survive? How to develop? How to be attractive? How to offer something extraordinary?”. The document contains all the compulsory components, including a spatial model consistent with the Study of the Conditions and Directions of Spatial Development. Such a structure of the strategy was approved during public consultations. Nevertheless numerous proposals of the participants of the consultations was submitted, what allowed to upgrade the document in particular ideas and notes. The Development Strategy for the City of Lodz 2030+ sets the framework for the decade of the city development, staying in line with higher-level strategic documents. According to the document, Lodz is to be a sustainable city with a high quality of life, taking care of spatial development discipline, which will bring the effectiveness in use of its infrastructure. Due to the fundamental role assigned to the co-management of the city by residents, it will be crucial to find the right formula for effective cooperation.

Nieobowiązkowe elementy planowania przestrzennego i ich rola w zarządzaniu strategicznym na przykładzie Łodzi

Author(s): Anna Aneta Tomczak,Robert Warsza / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the non-mandatory elements of spatial planning and their role in strategic management. These, if properly shaped, can result in effective urban policy. The described individual components are necessary exaggerations and planning provisions that are most often absent from the formal documents, although they should be included as arguments to support the choices made by the local government authorities. Operational planning elements are essential in today’s urban management process. The most important of these include: (1) defining objectives in planning acts or their amendments, so that the documents are not just a formality, but can also be useful as an effective starting point for spatial operational policy; (2) identifying priorities, i.e. outlining the sequence of events; (3) coordination between parallel, social, economic and business activities, which should be mutually beneficial as a result of planning decisions. It is also important to have transparency when transferring the overall development goals into simple activities that, if executed together and in the right order, can produce the effects of a clear transformation of the urban space. These activities should be a component or a direct result of each planning study, regardless of its scale and impact. This chapter points out the optional elements of planning, using the city of Lodz as an example, indicating the direction of the city’s development based on a consciously chosen model of transformation, defining time perspectives and the zoning and sequence of investment activities. It also draws attention to the need to devel-op and implement greenery planning standards, identify local places of social integration, and achieve small potentials in the urban spatial policy.