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Stopień satysfakcji ze studiowania w dużym mieście. Przypadek studentów geografii na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim w Krakowie

Author(s): Łukasz Żuraw / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 19/2015

The purpose of the author was to determine the level of satisfaction with the study of geography students at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow. We examined the satisfaction of respondents with studies at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow and satisfaction as a place of study. In addition, the article includes the degree of satisfaction of parents of young people to study geography at the Jagiellonian University and Cracow and social origin on the basis of the structure of education of mothers and fathers. The study population was divided into four subsets according to place of residence. They were living in Krakow, the outer zone of Krakow Metropolitan Area, in other parts of the province. Malopolska and the rest of the Polish regions. A decisive advantage of the respondents were women (75% of the total), and the structure of education of the parents (the dominance of secondary education and basic and basic training), indicates the intelligentsia origin of this group of workers. Most of the respondents 63% of the total population of the other Polish regions located outside the malopolskie province. The research revealed that the choice of Krakow Jagiellonian University and the faculty is evaluated positively by both the students and their parents. Persons residing in Krakow and its Metropolitan Zone, are more satisfied with the course of study, due to the fact that he is chosen mainly because of the interest and passion, while those residing in the province. Lesser Poland and other Polish regions, enjoying the very fact of studying in Krakow and at the Jagiellonian University.

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Predyspozycje terenu jako czynnik lokalizacji koncentracji budynków biurowych na obszarze miasta

Author(s): Anna Bocian / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Office building concentrations in European cities were defined by many researchers as new urban structures caused by the globalization process. The significant issue of those urban structures concerns their locations in the city area. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to investigate main factors of office building concentration locations in the city. As a research method, the spatial decision paradigm was chosen. Area predispositions, one of the main elements of the paradigm, were selected to answer the research question. Several experiments were made to select main area conditions and groups of those conditions which can have a significant influence on the decision-making process. Selected office build concentrations in European cities were the research area. In each city two types of office building locations, A-center and B-center, were selected and deeply analyzed.

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Quasi-urbanizacja obszarów wiejskich (na przykładzie Dolnego Śląska)

Author(s): Agnieszka Becla,Stanisław Czaja / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Article represents process quasi-urbanization on rural areas. The authors identified form of this process. This are: – the change of sectoral structure of local economy,
– the change of professional activity forms of the population,
– the change of earnings sources of the rural population,
– creating quasi–urban infrastructure,
– the atrophy of agricultural production,
– the development of non-economical activity.
The authors recognized also main causes of this process. Investigations hugged Lower Silesia Region. Authors qualified main kinds settlings on rural areas: (1) summer resort and rest-camp, (2) bedrooms villages, (3) serviced-agricultural villages, (4) industrial-serviced villages, (5) serviced-industrial-agricultural villages as well as (6) depopulated villages.

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Perspektywy zagospodarowania przestrzennego terenów wiejskich wrocławskiego obszaru metropolitalnego
w granicach powiatu wrocławskiego

Author(s): Leszek Stanek / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

The uncontrolled process of desurbanization has provoked by existing legal conditions and past practice of preparing planning studies in Wrocław Metropolitan Area. The negative consequences of these decisions concern principally in rural areas of the 9 municipalities of Wroclaw. The studies of urban planning and directions of land use planning allow currently for residential development, which frequently exceeds the demand and rational needs. The article present the legal reasons of above fact and planning sprawl. The article is showing how to resist the negative consequences of the current regional planning, and describes the potential legal actions which are established. At the end of article were placed the conclusions and proposals for changes of the existing situation.

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Suburbanizacja miast średniej wielkości w Polsce na przykładzie regionu jeleniogórskiego
w latach 1995–2013

Author(s): Marian Maciejuk / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Recent years in Poland have been characterized by contrasting trends in population development. Big towns and their neighbourhoods, which create agglomerations, have been playing the role of magnets for people. Small and medium sized towns are characterized by different processes of population development. In this situation the trend of abandoning towns has been observed. This results from such factors as negative birth rate and negative migration balance. The objective of the hereby article is to identify phenomena occurring in population development – called suburbanization – based on the example of Jelenia Góra town and the surrounding communes, included in jeleniogórski rural district.

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Reurbanizacja w świetle dotychczasowych badań nad miastami europejskimi

Author(s): Jakub Zasina / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Research on cities life cycles date back 1960s. Since the Klaassen model of urban development had been published, inner-city resurgence has started to be expected, due to the reurbanisation stage commence. After decades of city dwellers movement from cores to rings, the reverse process was anticipated to come into being. The paper starts with a presentation of the reurbanisation term origin and evolution. Furthermore, the hitherto empirical attempts of reurbanisation presence verification made on European examples are widely captured. Most of all, the paper synthesizes the conclusions of scientific activities focused on the field of reurbanisation and underlines the challenges for conducting future research attempts.

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Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego miast średniej wielkości w Polsce

Author(s): Monika Panecka - Niepsuj / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

The purpose of this article is to show the spatial differentiation medium-sized cities in Poland in terms of socio-economic situation. The study is based on a variety of measures of social and economic conditions. The result of the analysis is to rank cities according to the synthetic medium index describing the level of socio-economic development.

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Konflikty przestrzenne w procesie planowania na przykładzie gmin powiatu trzebnickiego

Author(s): Anna Grochowska / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

The aim of this study was to identify existing and potential spatial conflicts in spatial development policy. The study included inventory and analysis of the spatial plans adopted by municipalities, especially in the context of environmental problems and cultural landscape. Zoning decisions and those on the location of investment for public purposes were the main source of data. The research on spatial conflict was carried out in the municipalities of Trzebnica District in the years 2007–2012. The research highlighted the importance of identifying spatial conflicts and their relation to the stage of urban planning process and quality of planning documents. The research outcomes were presented in a format of case studies.

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Likwidacja linii kolejowych
na Dolnym Śląsku a zmiany w strukturze funkcjonalno-przestrzennej miast

Author(s): Barbara Miszewska,Robert Szmytkie / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

The main object of this paper is to examine the influence of the railway lines liquidation on changes in the functional and spatial structures of towns in Lower Silesia. In the article different forms of the postrail and railside areas land use were illustrated, at the assumption that it is the first phase of searching for appropriate forms of using them.

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Eksurbanizacja współczesnych miast

Author(s): Paweł Nowak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2015

Urban sprawl had its origins in the nineteenth century and its main cause was development of more and more efficient forms of transport for residents of the city. At the beginning there were trains and trams, then car transport appeared and currently it has the greatest impact on the shape and landscape of modern cities (Polit, 2010). Urban sprawl is accompanied by a degradation of both landscape of the city and suburban areas. The first examples of this phenomenon can be observed in the United States, and there, author believes, one should look for solutions to this problem. Nowhere urban sprawl formed shape of the urban areas, as much as in the United States. For this reason one could find here a number of solutions, such as controlling building density, house prices or setting the absolute limit of the city – as it was done in Portland (Egan, 1996). Delimitation of those boundaries could be a key factor that can not only stop urban sprawl, but also stimulate internal city redevelopment and revitalization of degraded areas.

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Przeobrażenia terenów pofortecznych na przykładzie Torunia w świetle koncepcji M.R.G. Conzena

Author(s): Magdalena Deptuła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

The development of the former fortification zones in the urban landscape ofEuropean cities includes usually the representational institutional buildings and areas ofpublic functions. It provides a clear zone which is a testimony of the power of the oldhistoric towns, but also it emphasizes separateness of post-fortification areas in the urbanspatial structure. At the same time the post-fortification development creates anextension of the old town and provides a recreation zone for urban residents.Transformations of former fortifications zone in Toruń led to the creation of the urbanlandscape, which can be compared to many European cities. In the paper, on thebackground of the development of modern bastion fortifications in Europe and Poland,the characteristics of the development of the city’s fortifications in Toruń was made(right bank part), as well as analysis of their subsequent transformation and developmentin the context of the concept of fringe belt by M.R.G. Conzen.

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Wielkość i kształt działek gruntowych w Łodzi

Author(s): Jerzy Dzieciuchowicz,Karolina Dmochowska-Dudek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Identification at using tools GIS of the degree formed in market conditions of diversifying the spatial structure of ground plots according to their size and of the shape constituted the purpose of this work. At the beginning of 2013 the area of Łódź was divided in 133 547 of plots. As results of conducted examinations were established that spatial schedule of plots was characterized by a great changeability. The density of plots in geodetic units is a consequence of spatial diversifying the number of plots, growing generally in centripetal direction. Average area of plots in geodetic units of Łódź, made conditional among others on location them and conditions of the parceling out, extremely strongly is diversified. A vast area of the changeability of this area is connected with it (481‒98 199 m2 ). In the city a general tendency of the increase in the area of plots in centrifugal direction is seen, though the smallest plots don't focus in very central areas, only in their north and south surroundings which is rewarded all at the same time with the very large number of plots. From a point of view of organizations of the municipal space of Łódź numerous very small ground plots which it is hard rationally to develop or to sell constitute the peculiar problem. In individual spatial units also developing the biggest ground plots can be a substantial problem. Peculiarly the high level of the changeability of the area of plots characterizes the geodetic units located in the indirect zone, and to a lesser degree in the zone of peripheral Łódź. Examining the shape of plots in geodetic units was based on two rates. First from them determines diversifying of the shapes of plots, however second expresses the step, in which the real shape of plots differs from the circle. The distribution of the value of the indicator of diversifying the shape of plots in spatial units is almost perfectly symmetrical, about the average dispersion and strong kurtosis. This distribution in great measure becomes a distribution of the number of plots like and depends on the density as well as size of plots. Diversifying the shapes of plots, being ahead of an average level in the city, appears mainly in the geodetic units in the central and indirect zone. Peripheral agricultural areas, locate above all in the eastern part of the city are characterized by little adding variety to this shape. Second from applied indicators of the shape of plots, depicting their cohesion he doesn't show the great diversity in the municipal space and won't depend on the density and size of plots. Above all locate plots in peripheral areas demonstrate the low cohesion, but also in the city centre zone. Plots located as a rule in the indirect zone have the shape most similar to the circle. Based on values of both considered rates of the shape of plots four distinguished types of spatial units stayed.

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Zastosowanie narzędzi GIS do analizy planu miasta w morfologii miast

Author(s): Marta Chmielewska,Elżbieta Majchrowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Urban morphology is a scientific discipline which studies the external structure (i.e. shape and physiognomy of buildings) and the internal structure (i.e. layout) of the town, as well as the genesis and evolution of its various parts (their morphogenesis). The main research method in urban morphology is the town plan analysis. It is based on observation of changes in the urban space of the study area by comparing chronologically listed town plans. GIS tools may be applied in urban morphology at all stages of town plan analysis: from the selection of source materials (especially archival town plans), through a proper analysis of morphology and morphogenesis of the study area, to the presentation of the results of these analyses. The paper shows the possibilities of using these tools. It also identifies a number of advantages and benefits related with the introduction of GIS to urban morphology. Attention is also paid to difficulties which may arise at each stage of research. It seems that rectification of archival town plans is the most troublesome task. The older a plan is, the harder it is to register. Another disadvantage is the necessity of arduous digitization of all archival maps. Overcoming these difficulties opens the way to all advantages of GIS. The greatest advantage of applying GIS to the town plan analysis is the improvement of comparison of town plans from the same area but from different periods of time. Adding georeferences to archival maps, and converting them to one coordinate system, facilitates unification of the scale of all town plans, and allows overlapping of one town plan with another. In turn, the digitization of archival maps enables the introduction of uniform signs and uniform naming for thematic vector layers in all analysed periods of time, which facilitates tracing the evolution of the town plan.

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Analiza możliwości zagospodarowania obszarów położonych wzdłuż drugiej linii metra warszawskiego

Author(s): Marzena Markiewicz,Agnieszka Kardaś / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

The aim of this study was to analyze the development of areas located along thesecond metro line in Warsaw using the modified MOLAND model. The area of analysiswas set at a distance of 500 meters from the subway line. Four databases were used as aninput: current use of the land, map-based transport accessibility, site plans and potentialdevelopment areas databases.The results show that areas located within the existing plan, situated not more than500 meters from the metro station and designated as an area of development will developthe fastest. The slowest, will change areas located further than 750 meters from thestation and without an abiding site plan. Fastest-growing terrains are bestead mostly insmall and built-up areas. The most extensive changes take place in areas currentlypartially or generally undeveloped, but without proper infrastructure development theyare likely to slow down. This model could be used especially for spatial planning by cityauthorities.

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Przemiany struktury funkcjonalnej Nowego Miasta w Mysłowicach w 1913 i 2013 r. w świetle materiałów kartograficznych

Author(s): Weronika Dragan,Tomasz Parusel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Urban development is continuous and very complex process which causes numerousurban space transformations, both in spatial and functional terms. The aim of paper isanalysis of functional changes in the area of south part of major functional center ofMysłowice town at 1913 and 2013. Studies were conducted on the base of functionalmaps and their comparative analysis. The analysis include the area of Nowe Miasto (Nowe Mysłowice, New Town, New Mysłowice). Seat of local government, railway station with former emigratory stationand surrounding buildings are located at this area now. Researches included thespectrum of economic activity at study area, according to Conzen’s method andconceptions of institutional base, both in historical and contemporary terms.The functional maps of Nowe Miasto were made on the base of archival materials (literature, commercial registers, town plan from 1911), contemporary town plan from2009 and field inventory of economic activity at study area in 2013. The cartographic materials were registered and calibrated in Poland CS92 coordinate system (EPSG:2180) and next digitized with applied MapInfo Professional package.Studies showed that functional structure of south part of major functional center of Mysłowice town has changed significantly between 1913 and 2013. At 1913 area of Nowe Miasto was characterized by activities connected with border traffic (hotels,restaurants, banks). Buildings of schools, synagogue and Evangelical Church gaveunique character to this part of town. Contemporary this area is undergoing the spatialand functional crisis and urban structure was degraded. The major part of economicactivities at study area in 2013 have endogenic character also.

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East European countryside in transition - case study of Serbia

Author(s): Predrag Milošević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Modern Serbian village, in the form of bulk or dense settlements, its architecture,constructive materials, spatial layout, functions and ways of exploitation of the soil, varyto some extent in some parts of the country. Natural conditions, time of occurrence, typeof farm (if still there), and social structure ‒ all these factors affect rural developmentand landscape change. All changes in the way of cultivation and function of villagesaffected the development of construction zones, which were redesigned and rebuilt overmany years ‒ not always to the benefit of cultural heritage. The evidence that urbanizationcan be seen in the Serbian countryside (as in other European countries) areconsidered in this work, with necessary illustrations. In the process of continuouschange, attention should focus on preserving the identity of places and forms ofdevelopmental events. Initiated projects are focused on development and reconstructionof infrastructure and preservation of cultural heritage. Awareness of cultural values ofSerbian villages and landscapes as subjects of a kind of historical colonization has beenshaped during long-term transformation.

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Zagospodarowanie miejskiej przestrzeni mieszkaniowej w aspekcie potrzeb społeczności lokalnych

Author(s): Lidia Groeger / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The study contains information about evaluation of components in/of developmentof public housing space – in the opinions of urban residents. It providesanswers – How different are assessments of selected elements, essentialfor quality of inhabitants’ life? What is the actual hierarchy of individualizedneeds of the residents of six cities in the subject of residential space developmentof their cities? The results of questionnaire surveys about the valuationof residential space, conducted among 1,500 inhabitants 6 cities withdiverse organization living space, were used in this study.

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Mała dolina rzeczna w świetle lokalnej polityki przestrzennej na przykładzie Mrogi

Author(s): Dorota Sowa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Irrespective of their rank and dimensions, river valleys are the most valuableecosystems in a commune's space in terms of ecological connectivity withsurrounding areas. They are evidence of the natural potential of the space,primarily for its biodiversity. At the same time they become attractive to potentialinvestors – their natural assets attract housing construction.The aim of this paper is to present local spatial policy implemented in theareas of minor river valleys in the light of rising investment pressure. Theproblem is presented on the example of the Mroga river placed in two communes:Brzeziny and Głowno. Analyses of planning documents of the locallevel pictured the attraction of the space near small rivers and confirmed impossibilityof protection of small river valleys from rising urban pressure. Asa result of those processes, river valleys diminish and are fragmented (up tothe river bed itself). Thus proper spatial policy taking into account the naturalvalues of river valleys has to be implemented.It necessary to properly run local spatial policy, that takes the protection ofriver valleys into account is extremely difficult to curry out. Today, preservingthe natural features of small river valleys becomes difficult or even impossible.

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Changes within the geoecosystem of a small lake catchment in the last three decades versus changes in land use and precipitation quality (Radomyskie Lake, upper Parsęta catchment)

Author(s): Józef Szpikowski,Grażyna Szpikowska / Language(s): English Issue: 143/2015

There are numerous ( though spread unevenly ) small run-off-free bodies of water in the Parsęta basin as well as in the upper Parsęta catchment. The geoecosystems of these non-run-off bodies serve various functions in the geographic environment ; they are particularly important in terms of shaping catchment retention and water circulation. They quickly react to environmental conditions, especially to changes in land use and land cover in the catchment and the supply of pollutants in waters. Radomyskie Lake is a small body of water in the upper Parsęta catchment within which radical changes in land use and changes in the chemistry of the lake waters have taken place over the last 30 years. The concentration of ion components in the lake waters has become significantly reduced compared with that in the early 1980s. A comparison with Czarne Lake – a similar body of water in the upper Parsęta catchment revealed that these ongoing changes have two causes : afforestation of agriculturally cultivated catchment areas around Radomyskie Lake and consequently reduced supply of fertilizer as well as a drop in precipitation mineral content, which had been noted by researchers for 20 years. Radomyskie Lake is experiencing the stage of re-naturalization and its evolution is moving towards a peat-bog geoecosystem.

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The dynamics of fluvial transport of solutes in the fluvial-lacustrine system of the Lewińska Struga Stream (Wolin Island, West Pomerania)

Author(s): Andrzej Kostrzewski,Mariusz Samołyk,Jacek Tylkowski / Language(s): English Issue: 143/2015

The presented results constitute a summary of a five-year study conducted from 2009 to 2013 in the upper catchment of the Lewińska Struga stream. Weekly research on the physical and chemical properties of Lewińska Struga waters at the Domysłów profile was combined with seasonal hydrochemical studies conducted in the following five flow-through lakes : Warnowo, Rabiąż, Czajcze, Domysłowskie and Żółwińskie. Across young glacial areas of the Polish Lowland, a drainage network is often produced by a fluvial-lacustrine system, in which a river links subsequent lakes via short sections. In such cases, this fluvial transport of solutes is sometimes disturbed in lakes, which are both their source and deposition area. The main research strategy of the paper was aimed at determining the functioning of the fluvial-lacustrine system of Lewińska Struga stream on Wolin Island. This paper also discusses the dynamics of fluvial transport of solutes carried with Lewińska Struga waters.

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