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Subjetividade e “Deslocamento” na obra homônima de Lucy Knisley

Subjetividade e “Deslocamento” na obra homônima de Lucy Knisley

Author(s): Valter do Carmo Moreira / Language(s): Portuguese Issue: 2/2020

In certain way, “displacement” refers to the change. It is the action of a body that moves from a certain space to another. In addition to its obvious physical implications, in the case of human displacement, there are also great subjective implications. In this way, displacement can be of other orders, as symbolic, metaphysical and mental, we can also consider even maturation as the displacement from one psychic state to another. In this case, the present work aims to analyze the different figurations of the concept of displacement present in the work: Displacement — A travelogue by Lucy Knisley, as well as the affiliation of the work to a narrative tradition perpetrated by authors who take the daily genre and the trip report as a means of subjective construction of reality, both in literature and in comics. In order to do so, will be used authors who studied the writing of female authors, having the travel narrative as a research horizon, such as Sonia Serrano and Miriam Adelman; as well as authors who focus on the specificities of the comic language that, under the aegis of “graphic novel”, engender an aesthetic construction that privileges the autobiographical narrative (Santiago Garcia and Hilarry Chute). We intend to highlight the richness that the comics bring to the symbolic construction of the genre “travel diary/narrative” through its peculiarities of self-representation.

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Podmiotowość i „przemieszczenie” w komiksie Lucy Knisley

Podmiotowość i „przemieszczenie” w komiksie Lucy Knisley

Author(s): Valter do Carmo Moreira / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

In certain way, “displacement” refers to the change. It is the action of a body that moves from a certain space to another. In addition to its obvious physical implications, in the case of human displacement, there are also great subjective implications. In this way, displacement can be of other orders, as symbolic, metaphysical and mental, we can also consider even maturation as the displacement from one psychic state to another. In this case, the present work aims to analyze the different figurations of the concept of displacement present in the work: Displacement — A travelogue by Lucy Knisley, as well as the affiliation of the work to a narrative tradition perpetrated by authors who take the daily genre and the trip report as a means of subjective construction of reality, both in literature and in comics. In order to do so, will be used authors who studied the writing of female authors, having the travel narrative as a research horizon, such as Sonia Serrano and Miriam Adelman; as well as authors who focus on the specificities of the comic language that, under the aegis of “graphic novel”, engender an aesthetic construction that privileges the autobiographical narrative (Santiago Garcia and Hilarry Chute). We intend to highlight the richness that the comics bring to the symbolic construction of the genre “travel diary/narrative” through its peculiarities of self-representation.

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Let’s (crip)dance! Choreograficzne emancypacje ciał nienormatywnych
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Let’s (crip)dance! Choreograficzne emancypacje ciał nienormatywnych

Author(s): Alicja Muller / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

Müller discusses the subversive potential of bodies with disabilities dancing. Her argument is couched in Sally Banes’s theory of dance and Sherry Badger Shapiro’s concept of aesthetic activism. She describes how a non-normative body in motion can become a space of resistance to various forms of social oppression and exclusion. Using crip theory to interpret committed choreographies she demonstrates that they have a real effect on the formation of social relationships and changes in the public sphere. Thus, cripping dance represents an activist strategy– a cultural practice aimed at destabilising the existing divisions into visible and invisible.

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Niepełnosprawność i aktywizm. Performatywna siła protestu
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Niepełnosprawność i aktywizm. Performatywna siła protestu

Author(s): Ewelina Godlewska-Byliniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The article explores the British and American tradition of disability activism, which has constituted a political force since the 1970s. The focus is on the performativity of protest activities, from demonstrations to sit-ins, and the notion of visibility which is crucial for achieving both political goals and for the emergence of a new positive group identity for people with disabilities. The strategies that activists use to break conventional medical and charitable representations of disability are presented through notable examples such as the 504 sit-in, Capitol Crawl, demonstrations on accessible transport and Stop Telethon.

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Aktywność obywatelska młodzieży z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Społeczno-kulturowe bariery inkluzji
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Aktywność obywatelska młodzieży z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Społeczno-kulturowe bariery inkluzji

Author(s): Ditta Baczała,Celina Kamecka-Antczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

The article presents the relationship between civic participation among people with an intellectual disability (ID) and Vic Finkelstein’s barriers to social inclusion (which formed the basis for the questionnaire). A survey among adult students was also conducted with Richard Klamut’s “Questionnaire on Civic Activity”. The respondents tended to experience the barriers as small and their living conditions as good; they generally felt valuable. Only the subjective feeling of helplessness resulting from their own disability turned out to be significant. The stronger the experience of barriers, the less the respondents were politically active. A category with relatively high scores is engagement for the benefit of others, which is clearly attributable to special schools.

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Kaleki opór
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Kaleki opór

Author(s): Robert McRuer / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2020

In this chapter from the book Crip Times: Disability, Globalization, and Resistance (New York: New York University Press, 2018), McRuer examines practices of crip resistance, both from a theoretical perspective (conceptualisations of resistance in queer theory and disability studies), and in a practical sense (analysing crip strategies of resistance developed by the disability community and by activists in Greece, the US, UK, Spain and Chile).

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Sergio Pitol, czyli o związkach między literaturą Europy Środkowej iAmeryki Łacińskiej
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Sergio Pitol, czyli o związkach między literaturą Europy Środkowej iAmeryki Łacińskiej

Author(s): Agnieszka Hudzik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2020

This article, consisting of four parts and an appendix, is a discussion of the Mexican writer Sergio Pitol (1933-2018), his work and his links to Poland. Hudzik begins by presenting Pitol’s life and his most important publications, followed by an account of his visits to Warsaw in the 1960s and 70s. The third part focuses on his contacts with Polish writers Jerzy Andrzejewski and Witold Gombrowicz, whose works Pitol translated into Spanish; Hudzik outlines Pitol’s correspondence with Gombrowicz archived at the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library. Part four is a reconstruction of Pitol’s concept of authorship. The appendix outlines the current state of research on Pitol’s work.

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Vanessa Guignery and Wojciech Drąg, eds. The Poetics of Fragmentation in Contemporary British and American Fiction
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Vanessa Guignery and Wojciech Drąg, eds. The Poetics of Fragmentation in Contemporary British and American Fiction

Author(s): Corina Selejan / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2020

The review of: Vanessa Guignery and Wojciech Drąg, eds. The Poetics of Fragmentation in Contemporary British and American Fiction, Wilmington, DE: Vernon Press, 2019. (£24.00 Hb.). Pp 235. ISBN 9780691159492.

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Understanding Arab American Identity through Orientalist Stereotypes and Representations in Mohja Kahf’s The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf (2006)
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Understanding Arab American Identity through Orientalist Stereotypes and Representations in Mohja Kahf’s The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf (2006)

Author(s): Ishak Berrebbah / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Arab-American women’s literature has emerged noticeably in the early years of the 21st century. The social and political atmosphere in post-9/11 America encouraged the growth of such literature and brought it to international attention. This diasporic literature functions as a means of discussing the Orientalist discourse that circumscribes Arab American identity and its effects in determining their position in the wider American society. As such, this article investigates the extent to which Edward Said’s discourse of Orientalism is employed by Mohja Kahf in her novel The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf (2006) to project the stereotypes and misrepresentations that confine the identity of Arab and Muslim characters in the US society. This article suggests that post-9/11 Arab American fiction serves as a literary reference to such stereotype-based discourse in the contemporary era. The arguments in this article, while employing an analytical and critical approach to the novel, are outlined within postcolonial and Orientalist theoretical frameworks based on arguments of prominent critics and scholars such as Peter Morey, Edward Said, and Jack Shaheen, to name just a few.

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Gandhian Fasting and Cultural Indigestion in Jeffrey Eugenides’ “Air Mail”
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Gandhian Fasting and Cultural Indigestion in Jeffrey Eugenides’ “Air Mail”

Author(s): Ana-Blanca Ciocoi-Pop / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

“Air Mail” is one of the ten stories included in Jeffrey Eugenides’ latest collection of stories, Fresh Complaint. Drawing on one of the characters in his third novel, The Marriage Plot, as well as on his own experiences in India working as a volunteer alongside Mother Theresa, “Air Mail” tells the story of young (and idealistic) Mitchell Grammaticus, who leaves the West in order to explore India, Bangkok, and a tropical island in the Gulf of Siam, where he finally succumbs to dysentery (as well as to thoughts regarding the futility of existence). Ripe in irony and biting sarcasm, coupled with a surprising tenderness and empathy, which are the landmarks of Eugenides’ writing, the story is a tongue-in-cheek debate on the East-West cultural conflict, as well as on the numerous (false) conceptions Westerners harbor regarding foreign cultures, paradigms and ideologies.

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Studies of the Americas: Research and Teaching in American, Latin-American, and Inter-American Studies at the University of Szeged

Studies of the Americas: Research and Teaching in American, Latin-American, and Inter-American Studies at the University of Szeged

Author(s): Réka M. Cristian,Zoltán Dragon,András Lénárt / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2020

The article surveys the development and the current status of American, Latin-American, and Inter-American Studies at the University of Szeged with special focus on the research fields and publications of the faculty members from the Department of American Studies, Hispanic Studies, and the Inter-American Research Center of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences.

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In Pursuit of the American DREAM, or Mirage? Undocumented Youth in YA Fiction

In Pursuit of the American DREAM, or Mirage? Undocumented Youth in YA Fiction

Author(s): Brygida Gasztold / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2019

The problems of undocumented youth in contemporary American immigrant fiction have been given a major focus, as political shifts and competing agendas fuel an ongoing national debate. Especially for young people who are on the brink of adulthood, their status as documented or undocumented results in inclusion in or exclusion from social, economic and political spheres, which affect their daily experiences and influence their plans for the future. This paper will explore the ways in which illegal status informs, impacts, and shapes the protagonists’ identity. The concept of undocumented status is used in my paper as an analytical lens through which the novels are read. My choice of the coming-of-age genre reflects the importance of adolescence as a crucial period in the formation of a person’s identity. I argue that young adult fiction with undocumented protagonists on the one hand gives voice to those who are silenced and forced to live on the margins of American society, and on the other hand familiarizes native-born Americans with the social struggles that might be distant from their own experiences but offer alternative ways of looking at the world. The narratives about “Dreamers” are part of a broader political discourse on the U.S. immigration. By exploring the relationship between fiction and the dominant legal system, they signal current social issues and offer a critique of exclusionary practices of American law and society.

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The Laughter of Other Places: Humour and Heterotopias in the Works of Edward Gorey

The Laughter of Other Places: Humour and Heterotopias in the Works of Edward Gorey

Author(s): Nikola Novaković / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2020

The paper employs Michel Foucault’s ideas on heterotopias, outlined in his essay Of Other Spaces (1984), to analyse the interaction of humour and spaces in Edward Gorey’s works, with special emphasis on the book The Evil Garden (1966). Foucault’s theory of heterotopias is used to provide an understanding of Gorey’s fusion of sombre places and macabre tales with his characteristically dry humour and to examine what Gorey’s heterotopias can tell us about the problem of the categorisation of Gorey as an author of children’s literature. In the reading of The Evil Garden, the paper illustrates how Gorey’s disturbing heterotopias achieve a hybridity of spaces, genres, tones, and reader roles in order to encourage polyvalent readings. Gorey plays with the juxtaposition of various heterotopias, destabilising the reader’s position through recurring motifs and intertextual allusions, but the one element that is represented in all those “other” places is invariably humour in all its different forms. It is precisely at the intersection of the various spaces which collide in heterotopias that Gorey’s dark humour emerges and performs its subversive function.

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A Gnostic in the Garden: Myth and Religion in Louise Glück’s Poem

A Gnostic in the Garden: Myth and Religion in Louise Glück’s Poem

Author(s): Piotr Zazula / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2020

Louise Glück repeatedly refers to the Bible and classical mythology, even when writing about poignantly personal issues. Far from being mere high-brow literary embellishments, these cultural quotes and intertextual analogs testify to Glück’s consistent attempt to transcend the traditionally personalist scope of lyric poetry. Such a resolutely transpersonal perspective is particularly discernible in her poems dealing with broadly-conceived religious themes, especially that of cultivating the postlapsarian, modern analog of the Biblical Garden of Eden. In A Village Life(2009), for example, the ontological possibility of transcendence is alternately hinted at and questioned, with the poet inhabiting a transition zone between doubt and faith as a questioning believer, so to speak. In the much-earlier The Wild Iris (1992), the axiological status of God is explored in highly unorthodox ways, the poems’ speakers undermining many established images of God in Christian and Jewish traditions. Arguably, what the two volumes share is their Gnostic imagery, purposely veiled in A Village Life and more explicit in The Wild Iris. Already present in Firstborn (1968), Gnostic undertones can also be found in other volumes, e.g. The House on Marshland (1975) and Descending Figure (1980). Iconoclastic and transgressive, Glück’s poems often expose a destructive facet of transcendence or feature some kind of charge against God, explicit or implicit. The Creator for the most part remains irritatingly silent, with the poet constantly bringing this up—sometimes in a tongue-in-cheek, sometimes in a deadly serious manner. A virtuoso of register shifts, Louise Glück plays cat and mouse with the reader, evading any closures. Her personal creed remains a riddle

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Shame and Identity in Philip Roth’s The Human Stain

Author(s): Cătălin Constantinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

Our study aims to demonstrate that shame in literature does not function only as a theme with an imagined psychological ground, but also as an extended framework (philosophical, moral and sociological). The literary representation of shame involves an insight and deep cultural analytical skills for both the author and the reader. The literary cases propose, in fact, versions of identity, which are not just literary types. Some of the most renowned authors illustrate a specific paradigm of shame: for example, Philip Roth (The Human Stain) imagines a cultural and social context for the protagonist’s shame, a context related with the specific American historical and racist, “politically correct” paradigm. The research is intended to argue that a literary theme – shame – is intertwined with plural dimensions (determinations) of the human being, seen as a social and historical product. Briefly, shame is not just a literary theme, it is a human phenomenon connected with the social and psychological construction of identity and the literary discourse has specific, contextualized messages, sometimes connected with various agendas.

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“People Eat Their Dinner, Just Eat Their Dinner…”: Food Discourse in Anton Chekhov’s The Three Sisters and Beth Henley’s Crimes of the Heart
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“People Eat Their Dinner, Just Eat Their Dinner…”: Food Discourse in Anton Chekhov’s The Three Sisters and Beth Henley’s Crimes of the Heart

Author(s): Natalia Vysotska / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The essay sets out to explore the functions of food discourse in the plays Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov and Crimes of the Heart by Beth Henley. Based on the critically established continuity between the two plays, the essay looks at the ways the dramatists capitalize on food imagery to achieve their artistic goals. It seemed logical to discuss the alimentary practices within the framework of everyday life studies (Edmund Husserl, Alfred Schütz, Fernand Braudel, Bernhard Waldenfels and others), moved to the forefront of literary scholarship by the anthropological turn in the humanities. Enhanced by a semiotic approach, this perspective enables one to understand food products and consumption manners as performing a variety of functions in each play. Most obviously, they are instrumental in creating the illusion of “everydayness” vital for new drama. Then, for Chekhov, food comes to epitomize the spiritless materiality of contemporary life, while in Henley’s play it is predominantly used, in accordance with the play’s feminist agenda, as a grotesque substitute for the lack of human affection. Relying upon the fundamental cultural distinction between everyday and noneveryday makes it possible to compare representations of festive occasions in the two plays seen through the gastronomical lens of “eating together.”

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Phonological Patterns in the Translations of Poe’s “The Bells” into Romanian
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Phonological Patterns in the Translations of Poe’s “The Bells” into Romanian

Author(s): Maria-Teodora Creangă / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Of all translation work in the world at any given time, poetry makes up just a small proportion. And of all theorists in translation, only a few tackled the issue of poetry translation for reasons that need no expatiation. The article below discusses two translations into Romanian of Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Bells,” focusing on the approaches and techniques used by the translators in what concerns the transfer of phonological patterns from English into Romanian. The aim is to determine to what extent the target-language texts are faithful replicas in terms of orchestration and aesthetic function, and, whether the outcome has suffered any meaning transformation as a result of the transfer of phonological patterns.

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Problematizing home, belonging and identity in Bina Sharif’s My Ancestor’s House: a transnational approach

Problematizing home, belonging and identity in Bina Sharif’s My Ancestor’s House: a transnational approach

Author(s): Nesrin YAVAŞ / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Since the 1990s, transnationalism, a as recent field of enquiry, has emerged as another theoretical lens through which we can look into the changing, evolving meanings of home, homeland, and belonging for international migrants. Studies of transnational migrants have focused upon varying aspects of the migrants’ lives: their ties with their kin; laws of naturalization in the host country, involvement in political organizations, the place of cultural iconography such as food, music, tradition in their daily lives. Because these transmigrants neither cut the ties to their countries of origin nor fully assimilate into the new culture of the host country, these immigrants fall under the rubric of transnationals However, transnational studies focusing upon the cross-border lives and activities of transnational subjects ignore the cross-cutting variables of gender, class, age, religion, ideology, period of immigration, citizenship status, different local sending contexts, which play a mediatory role in shaping notions of home, identity, community within even a single transnational community. In order words, it is not possible to talk about the transnationalism of a certain migrant group but of the heterogeneous make-up of transnationalisms, which differ even among the members of a transnational community at any given point in time. To understand the relationship between transnational migrants, and their conceptions of home and belonging, it is of vital importance to explore the specific circumstances of migration and how they influence conceptions of home. Secondly, the celebratory overtones of the transnational conditions of international migrants overlook the negative consequences of transnational lives such as the feelings of loss and dislocation inherent in cross border movements of transmigrants. Reading Pakistani-American Bina Sharif’s play My Ancestor’s House through a transnational lens, I would argue, brings a new insight into the literature on transnationalism by way of highlighting the non-homogenous, non-celebratory, and historically specific aspects of transnationalism in a global age.

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Literature as cultural ecology: a cultural ecological study on Emerson and Whitman

Literature as cultural ecology: a cultural ecological study on Emerson and Whitman

Author(s): Melis Mülazımoğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This article is intended to find out how a cultural ecological reading is possible for the selected poems of Emerson and Whitman who are considered as the leading figures of the nineteenth century American Renaissance, the artistic spirit which has flourished between the 1830s-1860s in the wake of the Romantic movement. Transcendentalism in America, as a projection of English Romanticism and Christian Unitarianism interprets the organic interaction in-between man, nature and God. Giving the earliest examples of Transcendentalist nature-writing, Emerson and Whitman are open for a cultural-ecological reading because cultural ecology as a new direction in ecocriticism, brings together ecology and aesthetics, nature and man, environment and literature, language and culture in other words human and non-human universes. As an inter-disciplinary theory developing in a dynamic way, cultural ecology, according to Zapf, “can be described as the interrelation of three major discursive functions such as the ‘culture-critical metadiscourse,’ ‘an imaginative counter-discourse,’ and a ‘reintegrative inter-discourse’” (2016: 96). In the first model, the artistic work is analyzed to reveal the workings of an oppressive ideological structure and dogmatic values of the society whereas the second one points out the representations of otherness and marginalization within a text and finally last one tries to exemplify the co-evolution of both models in searching for the “transformative role of literature” within “eco-semiotic” discourse. In that sense, this article intends to find out how the poetic examples of Emerson and Whitman fit into the triadic model of cultural ecology. The argument proceeds through the illustration of Zapf’s triadic model in Emerson’s “Hamatreya,” and Whitman’s “The Splendid, Silent Sun.”

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ANTROPOLOJİDE YÖNTEM VE ETİK: CHAGNON’UN " YANOMAMÖ: SAVAŞA DOĞANLAR" ÇALIŞMASINA ELEŞTİREL BİR BAKIŞ

ANTROPOLOJİDE YÖNTEM VE ETİK: CHAGNON’UN " YANOMAMÖ: SAVAŞA DOĞANLAR" ÇALIŞMASINA ELEŞTİREL BİR BAKIŞ

Author(s): Emrah TÜNCER / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 33/2021

Since the second half of the 20th century, serious discussions and processes of selfcriticism have been experienced in the discipline of anthropology on method and ethics. Most of these discussions took place around Chagnon's book. The book of Napoleon A. Chagnon called "Yanomamö Fierce People", a long-term field study between 1964-1991, is based on an ethnographic research about the locals of Yanomamö, where the researcher spent approximately his 60 months together with them. It is considered that, the methodological tools of ethnography, which can be formulated as "being there", experience "," observation, "understanding the other", are often violated in this study. The study can also be expressed as an evidence that the locals do not mean anything but data sources. In this context the chapters of the book are being evaluated from the ethical point of view.

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