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Syncretism and salience in “The Man to Send Rainclouds”

Author(s): Frederick White,Michael Goodwin / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2012

This article addresses two important issues concerning Indigenous identity, syncretism and salience. Leslie Silko’s short story, “The Man to Send Rainclouds”, presents significant insight into the issues that syncretism and salience have upon Indigenous perspectives of the world and of themselves. The crucial dynamic of syncretism affecting both salience and identity is examined as well as the ramifications of succumbing to syncretic practices. Syncretism, while offering a sense of accomplishment, ultimately only diminishes both the salience and identity of the Indigenous community.

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Хетеротопија у „Убику“ и „Tамном скенирању“ Филипа К. Дика

Author(s): Mladen Jakovljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 6/2012

Alternative spaces within the science fiction novels of Philip K. Dick can be analysed in the context of Michel Foucault’s six principles of heterotopia and some tendencies in the transformation of urban spaces. Heterotopias in Dick’s fiction act as ontological destabilisers that reconfigure the familiar and create new, alternative realities. In Ubik and A Scanner Darkly, by redefining and questioning the relations between the known spaces, Dick creates new, different, altered spaces, built on the border of reality and imagination, thus challenging the standard norms and generally accepted principles of perception, spatiality and linear time. Dick’s spaces, combined of imagination and reality, imply that there is more than one reality, as well as that reality perceived as objective is yet another illusion.

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From Margin to Center: Reading and Analyzing Hybrid Narratives

Author(s): Adrianna Simone / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2012

Review of: Martin, Holly E. (2011) Writing between Cultures: A Study of Hybrid Narratives in Ethnic Literature of the United States. Jefferson: McFarland.

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Art’s Humbling

Author(s): Ross Posnock / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

Review of: Roth, Philip (2009), “The Humbling”, Houghton Mifflin.

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The mere habit of learning to love is the thing: Janeitism and/in Karen Joy Fowler‘s The Jane Austen Book Club

Author(s): Gabriela Iuliana Colipcă-Ciobanu,Ioana Mohor-Ivan / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2017

To the present day, Jane Austen has remained a subject of almost religious adoration for her numerous fans, the Janeites, who keep returning to her writings, take interest in the films and the popular works derived from them, and even seek to surround themselves with objects that remind them of their ‗beloved‘. Determined by the desire to engage in social practices that emulate Austenian sociability (O‘Farrell 2009: 478-80), many of Jane Austen’s ―everyday enthusiasts‖ (Wells 2011: 11) have joined reading groups/ book clubs in order to discuss her fiction and to better understand its meanings. The flourishing of book clubbing and the reflection on the symbolic values attached to Jane Austen as an icon in the contemporary popular culture are foregrounded in Karen Joy Fowler‘s The Jane Austen Book Club (2004), a postmodernist novel which focuses on several issues in today’s American society such as gender relations, private lives, public social interactions/rituals and cultural practices or rivalry between the arts, yet all seen in relation to the reception of Austen‘s novels by ―everyday‖ American readers. The paper proposes an analysis of this novel, considered illustrative for both postmodernist writing practices and the development of ―Austen cult and cultures‖ (Johnson 1997) at the turn of the new millennium.

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Marci Shore: The Ukrainian Night. An Intimate History of Revolution

Author(s): Jan Claas Behrends / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2019

Review of: Marci Shore: The Ukrainian Night. An Intimate History of Revolution. Yale University Press. New Haven – London 2017. XXIII, 290 S., Kt. ISBN 978-0-300-21868-8. ($ 26,–.). Reviewed by Jan C. Behrends.

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HENRY JAMES AND THE BILDUNGSROMAN: BETWEEN CONVENTION AND ITS ALTERATION

Author(s): Petru Golban,Sinan Altaş / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2020

Some of the most important and popular Victorian novels are Bildungsromane, in which authors construct or rather reconstruct their own life experiences as formative processes. To mention just David Copperfield, Great Expectations, Jane Eyre, The Mill on the Floss, Marius the Epicurean, and so on. Following its long development history from ancient narratives to Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre, the Bildungsroman enters as a newly established fictional tradition into Victorian culture and literature through Carlyle’s threefold literary reception of the novel of formation and displays its subsequent flourishing and complexity as a literary system encompassing particular thematic and narrative patterns. In this study, a number of novelistic works by Henry James are scrutinized, and each faces the question as to whether its thematic and narrative perspectives fit the pattern and shape of the Bildungsroman.

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GARP’S ASCENSION THROUGH THE DIEGETIC WORLD ACCORDING TO GARP BY JOHN IRVING

Author(s): Mikail PUŞKIN,Davut DAĞABAKAN / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2020

The main focus of analysis in the article is the evolution of the protagonist in relation to the complex system of characters in the diegetic world of John Irving’s “The World According to Garp”. Throughout the essay, Garp’s maturation and evolution is being continuously analytically measured against the other characters masterfully aligned within the story by author to support the protagonist’s growth, contrast and elucidate him. A typology of characters by their diegetic function is introduced, separating them into three main groups: people, creations, symbols. The linking reciprocal element between them is the protagonist, not only connecting all the characters, but also traversing through their roles on the way to his own posthumous ascension. Starting the novel as a regular human being, the protagonist is gradually transformed into a writer – creator of worlds and characters, to finally ascend into a symbol for the new world upon his death.

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From Bauhaus to Our House: Tom Wolfe contra modernist architecture

Author(s): Anna Maria Karczewska / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2020

In his 1981 book-length essay From Bauhaus To Our House, Tom Wolfe not only presents a compact history of modernist architecture, devoting the pages to masters such as Le Corbusier, Walter Gropius or Ludwig Mies van der Rohe but also frontally attacks modern architecture and complains that a small group of architects took over control of people’s aesthetic choices. According to Wolfe, modern buildings wrought destruction on American cities, sweeping away their vitality and diversity in favour of the pure, abstract order of towers in a row. Modernist architects, on the other hand, saw the austere buildings of concrete, glass and steel as signposts of a new age, as the physical shelter for a new, utopian society.This article attempts to analyse Tom Wolfe’s selected criticisms of the modernist architecture presented in From Bauhaus to Our House. In order to understand Wolfe’s discontent with modernist architecture’s basic tenets of economic, social, and political conditions that prompted architects to pursue a modernist approach to design will be discussed.

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Postkolonialna lekcja uważności

Author(s): Katarzyna Mroczkowska-Brand / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

A special focus on the consequences of colonialism, what the author calls postcolonial awareness, is required because of the importance and timeliness of this legacy in the contemporary world. Postcolonial literature is tasked in this context with recording the traces of cultures either disappearing or already lost due to the actions of colonizing powers. The author discusses examples of literary texts that fulfill this function through various forms of narration and imaging. In the novel Tracks by Louise Erdrich we find an approximation of the way of life of the Chippewas, before they were confined in reserves, in the narrative of Nanapush which is addressed to his granddaughter. In the text of the Cameroonian writer Leonora Miano, La saison de lombre, we can “listen” to voices that record the experience of being abducted and taken into slavery. Richard Flanagan, in turn, recalls the traumatic experience of the loss of life, land, and culture during the colonial genocide in Tasmania, and one of the last testimonies relating to these experiences is that of an Aboriginal girl, one of the heroines of the novel Wanting.

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Od Carlisle Industrial School do uniwersytetu trzeciego świata: LaRose Louise Erdrich i dekolonizacja indiańskiej edukacji

Author(s): Joanna Ziarkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

The article discusses the project of decolonizing education of Native Americans on the example of the novel LaRose by Louise Erdrich and la paperson’s theory of decolonization. In her novel, Erdrich returns to the second half of the nineteenth century to expose the mechanisms that led to the nationwide creation of boarding schools for First Nation children that were a means of mass assimilation of Indigenous Americans. Separation from home and the ban on speaking native languages led to a sense of cultural alienation and the conditions in underfunded schools often resulted in increased student mortality. Recalling the trauma of boarding schools, experienced by many generations, Erdrich proposes a cultural and ideological reclaiming of the education system so that it is not identified only with the colonizer’s institutions. Thus, she is involved in a decolonization project, which is conceived as acting in the name and for the good of the local community. Decolonization understood in this way, as the construction of a new order on the foundations of the old one, is perceived as an affirmation of indigenous cultures and an action focused on political change.

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Bóg kiełbasy i pierogów” – polskie wątki w prozie Louise Erdrich

Author(s): Agnieszka Gondor-Wiercioch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

This article analyses selected stereotypes present in the novels of Louise Erdrich – in the so-called Love Medicine series, The Round House, and LaRose. The author juxtaposes the deconstruction of stereotypes of Native Americans with the deepening of the psychological portraits of Polish Americans, focusing on the topics of history and religion. The most important motifs are the heroes’ dependence on fundamentally understood Catholicism and on Ojibwe shamanism. The article draws attention to the effects of forced Christianization for the Ojibwe people and to the unreflective continuation of Catholicism in the descendants of Polish immigrants, both of which lead to a blurring of identity and to internal conflicts oftentimes externalized through self-destructive actions. The author also draws attention to humorous themes that show how the characters deal with the dilemmas resulting from the conflict of cultures.

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Nowe studia o niepełnosprawności w humanistyce (o książkach Rosemarie Garland-Thomson piszą tłumaczki: Katarzyna Ojrzyńska i Natalia Pamuła)

Author(s): Katarzyna Ojrzyńska,Natalia Pamuła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2019

Conversation between Katarzyna Ojrzyńska and Natalia Pamuła

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Modes and Moves of Protest Crowds and Mobs in Nathan Hill’s The Nix

Author(s): Nicola Paladin / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The role of mass protest has been recurrently central yet controversial in the American culture. Central because American history presents a constellation of significant collective protest movements, very different among them but generally symptomatic of a contrast between the people and the state: from the 1775 Boston Massacre and the 1787 Shays’s Rebellion, to the 1863 Draft Riots, but also considering the 1917 Houston Riot or anti-Vietnam war pacifist protests. Controversial, since despite—or because of—its historical persistence, American mass protest has generated a media bias which labelled mobs and crowds as a disruptive popular expression, thus constructing an opposition—practical and rhetorical—between popular subversive tensions, and the so-called middle class “conservative” and self-preserving struggle.

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A Literary History of Mental Captivity in the United States - Blood Meridian, Wise Blood, and Contemporary Political Discourse

Author(s): Manuel Broncano Rodríguez / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

On July 15, 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump and Russia’s President Vladimir Putin held a summit in Helsinki that immediately set off a chain reaction throughout the world. By now, barely two months later, that summit is all but forgotten for the most part, superseded by the frantic train of events and the subsequent bombardment from the media that have become the “new normal.” While the iron secrecy surrounding the conversation between the two dignitaries allowed for all kinds of speculation, the image of President Trump bowing to his Russian counterpart (indeed a treasure trove for semioticians) became for many observers in the U.S. and across the world the living proof of Mr. Trump´s subservient allegiance to Mr. Putin and his obscure designs. Even some of the most recalcitrant GOPs vented quite publicly their disgust at the sight of a president paying evident homage to the archenemy of the United States, as Vercingetorix kneeled down before Julius Cesar in recognition of the Gaul’s surrender to the might of the Roman Empire. For some arcane reason, the whole episode of the Helsinki summit brought to my mind, as in a vivid déjà vu, Cormac McCarthy´s novel Blood Meridian and more specifically, the characters of Judge Holden and the idiotic freak who becomes Holden´s ludicrous disciple in the wastelands of Arizona. In my essay, I provide some possible explanations as to why I came to blend these two unrelated episodes into a single continuum. In the process, I briefly revisit some key texts in the American canon that fully belong in the history of “mental captivity” in the United States, yet to be written. Obviously, I am not in hopes of deciphering the ultimate reasons for current U.S. foreign policy, and the more modest aim of my article is to offer some insights into the general theme of mental captivity through a novel and a textual tradition overpopulated with “captive minds.”

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A Celebration of the Wild. On Earth Democracy and the Ethics of Civil Disobedience in Gary Snyder’s Writing

Author(s): Monika Kocot / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article attempts to shed light upon the evolution of Gary Snyder’s “mountains-and-rivers” philosophy of living/writing (from the Buddhist anarchism of the 1960s to his peace-promoting practice of the Wild), and focuses on the link between the ethics of civil disobedience, deep ecology, and deep “mind-ecology.” Jason M. Wirth’s seminal study titled Mountains, Rivers, and the Great Earth: Reading Gary Snyder and Dōgen in an Age of Ecological Crisis provides an interesting point of reference. The author places emphasis on Snyder’s philosophical fascination with Taoism as well as Ch’an and Zen Buddhism, and tries to show how these philosophical traditions inform his theory and practice of the Wild.

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Searching for the Self: Transcendentalist Ideas as an Inspiration for American Teenagers in Little Women by Gillian Armstrong and Paper Towns by John Green

Author(s): Łucja Kalinowska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper examines two American works of fiction concerning how teenage characters explore and manifest their identity, looking up to transcendentalist ideas, whether consciously or not. The paper puts forth the most individualistic protagonists and investigate their motivation, ways of escaping the society’s expectations and the interaction between them and their environment. The first source analyzed: the film Little Women directed by Gillian Armstrong tells the story of the March family living in the 1860s Concord, influenced by the spirit of transcendentalism. The second source discussed: John Green’s novel Paper Towns employs the notion of a character coming back to transcendentalist values and authors in the 21st century. This paper shows how the teenagers use the transcendentalist ways, whether they are aware of them, and defy the rules of the society frequently represented by the people in their closest environment.

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ИСТОРИЈА КАО БРЕНД У РОМАНУ ITSUKA ЏОЈ КОГАВЕ

Author(s): Vladimir Lj. Stanković,Biljana R. Vlašković Ilić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 68/2019

This paper deals with the relationship between history and brand in Joy Kogawa’snovel Itsuka, which portrays the struggle of Japanese Canadians for the historicaltruth. By analyzing the conflict between the official history and the history advocatedby Japanese Canadians, we demonstrate that one true history does not exist, but thathistory is based on different ideological positions that a particular person can assume.By connecting history and brand, the cultural-contextual interpretation proves thatthe advocacy of a particular type of history can shape individuals or groups, and thathistory as brand can be seen as a power-exercising device. Brands have been identifiedas signs which affect one another. Therefore, the two versions of history thatKogawa’s novel offers will be analyzed as signs that, when in contact, can changeboth themselves as well as the system in which they function.

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ПРОБЛЕМА СПРИЙНЯТТЯ «АКТУАЛЬНОГО» ТВОРУ У КОНТЕКСТІ ПАНМОДЕРНІСТСЬКОЇ ТЕОРІЇ «ДЕГУМАНІЗАЦІЇ МИСТЕЦТВА» (НА ПРИКЛАДІ «САЛОМЕЇ» ОСКАРА УАЙЛЬДА)

Author(s): Nataly Vladimirova,Marina Grynyshyna / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 37/2020

Purpose of the article is to outline “actual” artwork’s perception problems after the example of Oscar Wilde “Salome” literary and stage history in 1890 – 1900ths, using as a historical-&-culturology studies’ objectification mechanism basic theses of Jose Ortega y Gasset “dehumanization of art” panmodernistic theory. The methodology presupposed multidiscipline approach – – simultaneous implementing of the sociological and historical-&-culturology methods with the elements of the hermeneutics and structural analytics. The scientific novelty of the study means that for the first time stage interpretations of the early European Modern emblematic play have been analyzed, leaning for the basic principles of the panmodernistic theory, hitherto popular in the worldwide culturology and fine arts research quarters. Conclusions. “Actual” artwork’s perception by the literary-&-stage product consumer is an important part of each epoch historical segment of the dramatic-&-theatre discourse. The dramatic destiny of Oscar Wilde one-act tragedy “Salome” and its interpretations in the European theaters of the late 19th – early 20th century helped to display the main point of the problem –– the contradiction between the realistic-&-romantic art, preferred by the audiences and art critics of those days, to early modernistic creative works, needed another communicative format for its adequate perception. Step-by-step, but evident changes of the esthetic paradigms and artistic systems, characterizing the Ukrainian theatre process from 1990ths, actualize the extrapolation of the designated problematics to the nowadays theatrical reality.

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Intuition: A Heart-based Epistemology

Author(s): Tina Lindhard / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

COVID 19 is just one more problem we humans have to face today. Crises, such as global warming, species extinction, climate change, and the extended use of anxiolytics and antidepressants by all sections of the population including youngsters, are telling us we are out of sync with Nature, and with our Self. Here, I suggest we need to change the focus of our attention from outside to inside, and from the overextended use of logical thinking mind associated with the brain to the feeling-mind linked with the heart. I associate the thinking mind with the male principle and the feeling heart-mind with the female principle. This change can bring about the necessary next step in our evolution by providing us with a way to connect with the deeper Self or Essence to obtain Higher Guidance. This epistemological way of knowing is based on intuition, and heart-based esoteric traditions throughout the ages have known about it. However, to find solutions to the multiple problems we are facing today, many more people need to learn how to tap into their heart-mind. In this article, I explore and expand on these ideas from different angles, including the scientific.

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