"Sve što smo imali, sve što smo bili, svelo se na uspomene". Osobne Pripovijesti i pisma prognanika iz istočne Slavonije

Author(s): Irena Plejić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 15/1992

Based on three personal narratives and three letters of refugees from war struck regions of Croatia, the author investigates how such accounts can be approached as ethnographic data, the structure and contents of these accounts reveal that the war and refugee experience have influenced the way the refugees see themselves and think about certain core values of their culture. The author brings some insightful observations about the war as a period of reversed order, about gradual transformation of the cosmopolitan attitude of the inhabitants of Vukovar, about photographs and other mementos saved from the family house, which is seen as an irreplaceable determinant of the identity of the refugees, and finally, about the iconography of the refugees' current living quartos.

"Takvoga bogatstva oni nisu vidjeli"

Author(s): Marina Škrabalo,Tea Trkulja / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 15/1992

Transcribed personal narratives of two refugees from central (a Serb from Banija, male, about 60 years old), and eastern Croatia (a Croat from eastern Slavonia, female, about 60 years old) are treated in this text as ethnographic data. The authors have arranged their accounts in contrastive pairs which relate their attitudes, notions and commentaries about the beginning of the war in Croatia, about encounters with different armies (Yugoslav national army, Croatian army, etc.), about the transformation of daily life in war situation, about the things which the refugees thought were important to take when leaving their homes and about their return.

1941. GODINA U JUGOSLOVENSKOJ ISTORIOGRAFIJI

Author(s): Petar Kačavenda / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1+2/1991

Pedeset godina od početka oružane oslobodilačke borbe naroda Jugoslavije u Drugom svetskom ratu, prilika je da se i najkraćim osvrtom nešto kaže о jugoslovenskoj istoriografiji 1941. godine. Ova prelomna godina, ispunjena mnoštvom krupnih događaja i zbivanja sudbonosnih za jugoslovenske narode i evropsku i svetsku zajednicu u celini, zaokupljala je i zaokuplja pažnju i interesovanje i nakon 50 godina, ne samo istoričara, već i mnogih drugih stvaralaca, koji svojim delima daju doprinos naučnom osvetljavanju istorijske stvarnosti toga vremena. Sve to rezultira da se svestranije i objektivnije vrednuju društveno-politički odnosi i snage u Drugom svetskom ratu, tom najkrvavijem sukobu u istoriji Ijudskog drustva i Ijudske zajednice. Nekoliko puta, u okviru podsećanja na strahote Drugog svetskog rata, sumirani su i rezultati istorijske nauke u izučavanju 1941. godine u svetskim razmerama a u okviru toga i rezultati jugoslovenske istoriografije.

A positive hero for everyone? The memorialization of Srđan Aleksić in post-Yugoslav countries

Author(s): Nicolas Moll / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

Despite various attempts, the memory of persons who helped and rescued endangered persons “from the other side” during the breakup wars of Yugoslavia is rarely publicly acknowledged. There is, nevertheless, one exception: the case of Srđan Aleksić, a young Bosnian Serb who was killed while saving a Muslim acquaintance in Trebinje in January 1993. Since2007, Srđan Aleksić has not only become publicly known, but his memory is also widely positively connoted in different countries and by groups ofvarious political and ethnic backgrounds in the post-Yugoslav space. This article analyzes the emergence of this memory and the narratives around it, how fragile or strong the consensus which has emerged around his memory is, and what this memorialization indicates about the current memory culture in post-Yugoslav countries and its evolutions.

Agresija na BiH – Negacija ZAVNOBiH-a

Author(s): Bećir Macić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 37/2007

U svom prilogu autor prikazuje ciljeve, metode i rezultate agresije velikosrpskog i velikohrvatskog nacionalizma u odnosu na državno-pravni identitet i međunarodno-pravni subjektivitet Bosne i Hercegovine, te navodi koje su osobine naše državnosti bile glavni cilj rušenja i destrukcije od strane navedenih agresora. Autor identificira agresora kao veliksrpski i velikohrvatski nacionalizam, a njihov zajednički cilj kao uništavanje države Bosne i Hercegovine i u konačnom njeno uključenje u druge države.

AMERIČKA JAVNOST I 27. MART 1941. U JUGOSLAVIJI

Author(s): Radoje Nenadović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/1987

The goal of this study is to point out how much was the press and public opinion in the United States interested for the events which took place in the spring of 1941. in Yugoslavia, actually to describe how much sensation have those events - the joining of Yugoslavia with the Tripartite Alliance and the coup d’etat of March 27. - produced in the United States. The articles and documents used in this paper enabled comparison of the American foreign policy with the mood of their public opinion. The titles in American newspapers from that time indicate the growth of interest for the political events in Yugoslavia. American pressing the meaning of a historical source has not been used to the present time in exploring these events. The newspaper articles analysed in this work provide a clear image of the American political strategy in the Balkans, together with a thorough insight in their striving to induce and support the resistance against the Nazi penetration into South-east Europe, and particularly in Yugoslavia. In the need to understand better the writing of the American press about the changes in Yugoslavia, from the moment of joining the Axis to the onset of the April war, this paper includes official Diplomatic papers issued by the U.S. Government Printing Office, considering more important events which occurred immediately before the „March revolution”. As from the beginning of the year 1941., and particularly from the middle of February, American press became more detailed in dealing with the political events in Yugoslavia. American newspapers greeted the coup d’etat of March 27. with enthusiasm, connecting it primarily to the war like and freedom spirited traditions of the Serbian people. Although there were some articles in the American newspapers in which the relations between Yugoslavia and the United States were observed from the Isolationist point of view,the greater part of newspaper material encircled in this work, testifies about a wide support of the American public opinion to the resistance of Yugoslav people against the Nazi aggression. The common attitude of the American public opinion was, in the majority of cases, identical with the official policy of the U.S. government towards Yugoslavia.

BALKAN POSLE DRUGOG SVETSKOG RATA - ZBORNIK RADOVA SA NAUČNOG SKUPA

Author(s): Dragoljub Živojinović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/1996

Nedavno je u izdanju Instituta za savremenu istoriju izašao zbornik radova BALKAN POSLE DRUGOG SVETSKOG RATA (The Balkans After the Second World War). U njemu su sakupljeni radovi saopšteni na naučnom skupu posvećenom 50-godišnjici završetka Drugog svetskog rata. Na stranicama knjige našli su se radovi četrdesetak naučnika iz zemlje i sveta, koji su nastojali da osvetle i objasne pojedina pitanja i time uobliče novu predstavu о Balkanu u proteklim decenijama. Pedeset godina je dovoljno vremena da se prethodna znanja о tom delu Evrope izmene ili prošire novim podacima i viđenjima, kao i otvaranjem novih problema.

BELIĆEVA KNJIGA U ISTORIJSKOJ UPOTREBI ILI NAUČNI DOKAZ О »PRAVU SRPSKOG NARODA NA ODREĐENE OBLASTI«

Author(s): Kosta Nikolić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1+2/1992

Knjiga Aleksandra Belića »Srbija i južnoslovensko pitanje« napisana je u Nišu, krajem 1914. godine, dok su trajale ratne operacije na Kolubarskom frontu, a srpska vlada definisala svoje ratne ciljeve. Kako je i sam Belić naglasio, knjiga je nastala kao »plod momentane potrebe« pa je kao takva trebalo da opravda ono što je Srbija želela (ili morala) da učini u ratu. Nastala u okviru delatnosti najuglednijih srpskih naučnika iz različitih oblasti koji su svojim naučnim kredibilitetom trebali da pomognu rad vlade, knjiga sa stanovišta nauke ima određenih manjkavosti, prouzrokovanih ograničenim vremenom i ne potpuno naučnim motivima. Međutim, nju ni ne treba posmatrati u jednom strogo naučnom smislu, već kao plod napora da se utiče na vlade i javnost savezničkih i neutralnih zemalja za prihvatanje rešavanja južnoslovenskog pitanja na način kako je to istaknuto u Niškoj deklaraciji 7. decembra 1914. godine: »Oslobođenje i ujedinjenje sve naše neslobodne braće Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca«.

Bibliografija

Author(s): Zijad Šehić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 36/2007

Bjelovar i Bjelovarsko-bilogorska županija u Domovinskom ratu

Author(s): Davor Marijan / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 8/2014

This paper tackles the issue of Bjelovar and the Bjelovar–Bilogora County in the Homeland War 1990–1995. The Bjelovar area is inseparable from the western Slavonian region, with its specific demographic structure and a relatively large Serbian ethnic community. The majority of this community did not accept the new Croatian authority; when the time was right, they rose in rebellion. In 1990, Pakrac became the unlucky centre of the aggressive Serbian community, and the Bilogora and Papuk mountains offered very convenient conditions for organising and expanding Serbian mutiny. In the region, there was a considerable concentration of the Yugoslav National Army, especially in Bjelovar, Virovitica and Doljani garrisons. In the dramatic September of 1991, almost the whole of this potential was – with more or less resistance – transferred into Croatian hands, and they consequently played a major role in the War and the establishment of the Croatian Army. In the autumn of 1991, in a decisive defence action, Serbian forces were disabled in the attempt to sever Croatia on the Okučani–Virovitica stretch, which would have resulted in separating Slavonia from the mother country. This defence was of strategic importance, as well as were the liberation operations that followed since the end of October 1991; major areas were thereby restituted as parts of the legal system of the Republic of Croatia. In the period 1992–1995, the region had experienced the effects of the non-efficient mandate of the UN Peacekeeping Forces. The final solution was reached in 1995 on the battlefield, in the operations Bljesak (Flash) and Oluja (Storm); in both of which a part of the units of the Croatian Army and Police Forces from the Bjelovar–Bilogora County were strongly involved. The topic is presented based on the available documents and literature. Between the summer of 1990 and the end of 1992, no regional division was in force; however, Bjelovar was the centre of the Police Administration that had succeeded the earlier regional division of the communities of municipalities; since the autumn of 1991, it was also the Command of the Operational Zone Bjelovar. The author has taken into consideration this organisational aspect as well, as it is of significance for the understanding of the problem area on the whole.

Bjelovarski književni i kulturni prostor (1991. - 2000.) - pjesnički rukopis ratnog i poratnog pisma

Author(s): Ilija Pejić / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 8/2014

In the first part, this study offers a reconstruction of the cultural life of Bjelovar and its surroundings – the Bjelovar literary and cultural circle (Bjelovar, Čazma, Đurđevac, Daruvar, Garešnica, Grubišno Polje) – by presenting portraits of writers, painters, musicians and educators; as well as by exhibitions, concerts, the work of associations and institutions; and a review of the publishing activity (newspapers, magazines, journals, books, monographs, etc.). The war havoc and the transitional deconstruction of the symbolic city capital (heritage, space) caused by globalisation are the two key elements that have formed not only wartime writings, but also the context in (the connection with) which they were created. The second part of the study is a presentation of wartime (1991–1995) and postwar (1996–2000) poetic writings in the Bjelovar literary and cultural circle, incorporated in poems and lyrical writings by numerous authors (V. Bažant, Ž. Sabol, K. Kovrlija, B. Kreštan, S. Frajtić, M. Mađerić, V. Vargović, I. Pejić, B. Jelušić, B. Delić, A. Perše Deškin, M. Vidović, K. Blaha, A. S. Prević, K. Prević, Z. Satrapa, L. Erl Luketa, D. Horvat Zácskai, M. Borovac, etc.). It forms a tribute to a better comprehension of Croatian wartime writings. The emphasis has been put on poetry – the poem and its structure as a humanistic analysis of the indifferent world, the understanding of the meaning of suffering and victim, self-perception and the perception of the other party – the enemy, with strong belief in the good and the victory thereof, as well as on the analysis of heritage and its endurance when facing the forces of destruction (wounded city, wounded land, etc.). The need for the as authentic as possible witnessing of the “severe reality”, wartime events, and memory in general determined the frequency of the genre of autobiographical/memoir literature, and the stylistic specificity of wartime writing as a pronouncedly documentary, factual/descriptive (stating the date and venue of the text), and in tone and directness similar to folk story telling – equally in prose, dramatic, and lyrical texts.

Bolesna vremena

Author(s): Milan Gavrović / Language(s): Croatian / Publication Year: 2016

Moto za ovu knjigu preuzeo sam od »Duhovne republike Zicer«, osnovane u klubu Zicer u Novom Sadu još godine 1992. s ciljem da spriječi mobilizaciju za rat koji se vodio u Hrvatskoj. Jugoslavija je tada već bila raskomadana, bile su prekinute komunikacije između novih država, a sve informacije strogo kontrolirane i cenzurirane. Tako sam za tu »republiku«, koja je bila dio širokog antiratnog pokreta u Vojvodini, doznao tek u ljeto 2014. iz tjednika Novosti, koji je prenio dio teksta iz projeka »Living Together« (Živjeti zajedno), financiranog od Europske unije. Naravno, patetična optužba tog mota nije sasvim pravedna, točnije, ne odnosi se na sve ljude. Nasilje, zločini i laži proizveli su kolektivnu paranoju, a nacionalizam je jedan od njenih najstrašnijih oblika. Osim toga čini se kako je u prirodi čovjeka da kao normalna prihvaća pravila uspostavljena u sredini u kojoj živi, iako se ona ponekad mijenjaju nevjerojatnom brzinom. Dra-matičan primjer je njemačka zdravstvena služba koja je već na početku Hitlerove vladavine, /kao normalni dio brige o zdravlju nacije, prihvatila kastraciju svakog tko je bio proglašen psihičkim bolesnikom. Ponašanje mnogih ljudi kod nas, u proteklih četvrt stoljeća, slijedilo je isti obrazac. Ali za one koji se smatraju mislećim dijelom nacije i koji su imali prilike govoriti, gornji moto ima punu vrijednost. Nije zanemariv ni broj onih koji su toga bili svjesni, a nisu šutjeli, iako su bili izloženi raznim pritiscima i šikaniranjima. Istovremeno su vladari novih država počeli kontrolirati sve medije i javne tribine na kojima su postali dobrodošli samo zagovornici nacionalističke mržnje.

Borbeno djelovanje Posebne jedinice policije Policijske uprave Bjelovar Omege 1991. godine

Author(s): Jakša Raguž / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 8/2014

The Special Police Task Force of the Police Administration Bjelovar – Omega – was formed on 23rd February 1991 as the first regional unit of the Special Police Forces in Croatia. It covered the territory between western Slavonia and Podravina. Its commanders were Miralem Alečković and Hamdija Mašinović, and during the War, Omega numbered 302 active and 418 reserve members. The unit carried out its first operation on 2nd March 1991 in Pakrac, and became thereby the first Croatian army unit that was to operate actively in the Homeland War. After a series of interventions in Pakrac, the defence of Glina followed, and the tragic ambush in Sirač, where two members were killed and seven wounded. The next was the tragedy in Kusonje, where the unit attempted to rescue the Bjelovar guardsmen. Battles for Daruvar and Doljani followed, as well as the freeing of Pakrac by breaking out through Kukuljevac. In September, the unit played the crucial role in overtaking the barracks of the Yugoslav National Army in Doljani and Bjelovar. Omega had continued its warpath on the Pakrac–Lipik stretch, where it had carried out as many as nine interventions until the end of 1991. The unit was further one of the crucial success factors in Otkos 10, the Bilogora liberation operation. Omega further participated in the liberation operations Papuk-91 and Alfa. During the Homeland War, six members of the unit were killed, while 43 were wounded.

Boris Begović, Zoran S. Mirković (ur.), Pravni poredak Nezavisne Države Hrvatske

Author(s): Ljubodrag Dimić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2019

Boris Begović, Zoran S. Mirković (ur.), Pravni poredak Nezavisne Države Hrvatske, Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd 2017, 356.

Bosna i Hercegovina 1992-1995. i međunarodna diplomatija

Author(s): Zijad Šehić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 37/2007

U svom prilogu autor analizira djelovanje međunarodne diplomatije u vezi sa situacijom u Bosni i Hercegovini i tokom rata na tlu Bosne i Hercegovine i razlaže odnos te diplomatije prema njoj kao državi i njenim institucijama. Autor ukazuje na nejedinstvo međunarodne javnosti i politike u tom pogledu i na kompromise koje je ona iznudila da bi ostvarila nešto što jeste stanje mira, ali nije trajno stanje sigurnosti i normalnog života za ljude koji u Bosni i Hercegovini žive.

Bosna i Hercegovina 1992-1995. u njemačkim izvorima i literaturi. Nacrt projekta istraživanja

Author(s): Zijad Šehić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 36/2007

Nakon smrti Josipa Broza 1980. na njemačkom govornom području sa velikom pažnjom praćena su zbivanja u SFR Jugoslaviji. Uglavnom su predstavljena u publicistici, sadržavajući najvećim dijelom futurističke predstave i scenario koji se deceniju kasnije ostvario.

Bosna i Hercegovina u posljednjoj deceniji XX vijeka

Author(s): Enver Redžić / Language(s): Bosnian / Issue: 36/2007

Tema o kojoj ću uvodno govoriti zaslužuje cijelu biblioteku iscrpnih rasprava, studija i monografija kojima će se, sasvim izvjesno, baviti bosanska, evropska i svjetska istorijska nauka u predstojećoj budućnosti. Ona to zaslužuje zbog toga što je u posljednjoj deceniji BiH bila čvorište i ratni poligon protivrječja u bosanskim, evropskim i svjetskim političkim odnosima. Ako se ja ipak opredjeljujem da danas govorim o toj temi, činim to stoga što nalazim da je u ovom desetljeću istorijska nauka svojim ostvarenjima bila izraz njegove realnosti.

Broj umrlih tokom opsade Sarajeva, od aprila 1992. do decembra 1995: studija smrtnosti zasnovana na osam obimnih izvora podataka

Author(s): Ewa Tabeau,Jakub Bijak,Neda Lončarić / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

Report on the expertise in the case of SLOBODAN MILOŠEVIĆ / BOSNIA (IT-02-54).

Broj žrtava u opsadi Sarajeva od aprila 1992. do decembra 1995. - Studija o stopi smrtnosti na osnovu osam velikih izvora podataka

Author(s): Neda Lončarić,Jakub Bijak,Ewa Tabeau / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

Predmet ovog izveštaja jeste ukupan broj žrtava opsade Sarajeva od aprila 1992. do decembra 1995. Podaci navedeni u ovom izveštaju dobijeni su za područje koje smo nazvali Sarajevo šest, a obuhvata teritoriju šest sarajevskih opština: Centar, Ilidža, Novi Grad, Novo Sarajevo, Stari Grad i Vogošća. Te opštine su analizirane na osnovu teritorijalne podele Bosne i Hercegovine pre rata (od 1991).

Civilno stanovništvo daruvarskog i grubišnopoljskog područja u zbivanjima 1990. - 1991. godine

Author(s): Vjenceslav Herout / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 8/2014

The civil population in the Daruvar and Grubišno Polje areas shared in 1990 and 1991 all the wartime sufferings that other parts of Croatia were struck by as well. In this area, civilian victims outnumbered the ones who actively participated in wartime actions within military and police units. The events that marked the year of 1990 and the first half of 1991 should be regarded as political; therefore, they belong to the civil sector. The military component should be set in the background, especially after the arms belonging to the territorial defence were, mid 1990, stored in the Polom arsenal near Daruvar. This was, however, only a deceit; soon the civil population of Serbian nationality began to arm itself, and thereby commenced the realisation of the well-prepared military scenario regarding the fate of these areas. Political battles that started by forming new non-communist parties, which entered into a conflict in connection – to the most part – with the reorganisation of the state, marked this period. The Serbian Democratic Party and the majority of Serbian population in the areas of Daruvar and Grubišno Polje were followers of the policy of centralism, and later, of the expansion of Serbia, which Milošević advocated. The rest of the population expressed their opinion at the referendum conducted in May 1991; the choice for the future was – for the vast majority – Croatian independence and sovereignty. Though harsh words had been used for some time in political battles, this remained within tolerable limits. In both municipalities, the Social Democratic Party held the power in its hands, caring more about how to lower the political tensions in the areas, and believing that most problems would be solved at the state level and subsequently stilled. Due to such an atmosphere, civil population was confused, finding it hard to cope in the midst of the political turmoil. Not being used to living in a multi-party system, the majority did not enter the membership of any of the parties. This, however, does not mean that they did not prefer one to the others. Such events ceased when arms took over the place of the table in tackling political issues. Even if killing three police officers in Daruvar in July 1991 was intended to be presented as an act of terrorism, which was condemned by all parties, the attacks on Daruvar and Grubišno Polje in the second half of August 1991 completely disclosed the welldeveloped Belgrade scenario intended for these areas. In the Daruvar and Grubišno Polje municipalities, the unarmed civilians contributed immensely in performing numerous tasks during wartime operations, and were thus a major support to Croatian defenders. Among them, there were many educational and health workers, peasants, as well as men and women who provided food and clothing to the defenders. Civilian victims and contribution have so far remained inadequately valorised.