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Soviet Colonial Modernity and the Everyday in Twenty-First Century Latvian Literature

Soviet Colonial Modernity and the Everyday in Twenty-First Century Latvian Literature

Author(s): Benedikts Kalnačs / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This paper intends to discuss the case of Latvia in comparison with other European postcolonial situations and to trace the problems which determine the complexity of self-consciousness of the inhabitants of the country from postcolonial and post-Soviet perspective. The focus of this investigation is on the series of novels which deal with twentieth-century history and memory in Latvia. Due to the fact that the chosen texts attempt an evaluation of the Soviet past, an attention is paid to those aspects of representation of the everyday which considerably distinguish contemporary fiction from literary works created during the period of socialist realist dominance. The importance of history and of different everyday practices in forming specific features of national identity is also seen in the context of the attempts of contemporary authors to discover and define themselves as part of today’s global community as they try to position themselves within world literature. In this perspective, the contemporary as well as the historical experience of the Baltic nations testifies to the common roots of European society helping to build bridges between different ethnic and social groups and their members.

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ANDREAS RECKWITZ, DAS ENDE DER ILLUSION. POLITIK, ÖKONOMIE UND KULTUR IN DER SPÄTMODERNE

ANDREAS RECKWITZ, DAS ENDE DER ILLUSION. POLITIK, ÖKONOMIE UND KULTUR IN DER SPÄTMODERNE

Author(s): Tihomir Cipek / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 01/2022

Review of: Tihomir Cipek - Andreas Reckwitz, Das Ende der Illusion. Politik, Ökonomie und Kultur in der Spätmoderne Suhrkamp, Berlin, 2019., 305 str.

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POVIJESNI RAZVOJ PRAVA NA SAMOODREĐENJE IZMEĐU DVA RATA – LENJIN VS. WILSON

POVIJESNI RAZVOJ PRAVA NA SAMOODREĐENJE IZMEĐU DVA RATA – LENJIN VS. WILSON

Author(s): Sanja Bježančević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3-4/2021

The end of the two great world wars and the disappearance of the current political regimes have resulted in the creation of new states in the international order. With the collapse of multinational states and awakening of national consciousness, the aspirations of peoples for their own national states started to appear. Requirements for self-determination resulted primarily from the decolonization process, but also as a reflection of political relations in the post-war Europe. At the end of the First World War, there were events and people contributing to the development of rights of the people to self-determination and helping the oppressed nations in achieving their aspirations to decide their own destiny within their own national states. On the one hand, there were the workers’ self-determination and revolution in Russia as essential elements in the development of the right to self-determination in the political principle and Lenin’s attitudes on self-determination. On the other hand, there were fourteen points and US President Woodrow Wilson with his views on the right to self-determination.

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NACIONALNI IDENTITET MAĐARA-RITUALI I SVAKODNEVICA U SJEĆANJU/PAMĆENJU PRIPADNIKA ZAJEDNICE (POŽEŠKO-SLAVONSKA, VIROVITIČKO-PODRAVSKA, BJELOVARSKO-BILOGORSKA ŽUPANIJA)

NACIONALNI IDENTITET MAĐARA-RITUALI I SVAKODNEVICA U SJEĆANJU/PAMĆENJU PRIPADNIKA ZAJEDNICE (POŽEŠKO-SLAVONSKA, VIROVITIČKO-PODRAVSKA, BJELOVARSKO-BILOGORSKA ŽUPANIJA)

Author(s): Filip Škiljan,Dragutin Babić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2018

The authors in the text provide data on the number of Hungarians in the Požeško-Slavonska, Virovitica-Podravina and Bjelovar-Bilogora counties in the last three censuses (1991, 2001 and 2011). Based on 24 interviews conducted in Daruvar and surrounding area, Grubišno Polje and surroundings, Virovitica and surroundings, Velika Pisanica and surroundings, Pakrac and surrounding area and Garešnica and surrounding area, the authors provide information on how migrations have been made to the area of western Slavonia, Bilogora, Virovitica podravina and Moslavina from Hungary, how did the Croat, German, Czech and Serb populations come to see new immigrants, what kind of intercultural relations were in the twentieth century, how Hungarians migrated back to Hungary, and to what extent the Hungarian national identity was preserved to the present, thanks to the preservation of language and religion (in reformed Christians and evangelicals). In addition to interviews, authors use all available literature, published sources, and archive material related to population censuses.

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ZAJEDNIČKOM SURADNJOM ZA BOLJU SUTRAŠNJICU. DRUŠTVENO I PROSVJETNO ORGANIZIRANJE ČEŠKE MANJINE U MEĐURATNOJ JUGOSLAVIJI (1918. - 1941.)

ZAJEDNIČKOM SURADNJOM ZA BOLJU SUTRAŠNJICU. DRUŠTVENO I PROSVJETNO ORGANIZIRANJE ČEŠKE MANJINE U MEĐURATNOJ JUGOSLAVIJI (1918. - 1941.)

Author(s): Vlatka Dugački / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2018

This paper deals with the social and educational organizing of the Czech minority in the inter-war period. It puts a special emphasis on the preservation of the national and cultural identity, in which the Czech minority societies and schools, which were founded by the Czech minority print, took an active part.

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Srpski diskurs o Andriću

Srpski diskurs o Andriću

Author(s): Nenad Veličković / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 6/2022

The aim of the paper is to ascertain whether there is a Serbian discourse on Andrić, according to the same criteria Zoran Milutinović uses in his book Bitka za prošlost to ascertain the existence of the Bosniak discourse. Approaching Andrić’s opus through the notion of collective trauma related primarily to the Ottoman and Austro‑Hungarian period in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the author presents in the analysis of books and articles by Nikola Koljević, Vuk Milatović, Rade Lalović, Predrag Palavestra, Vladimir Dedijer, Zoran Konstantinović, Milan Bogdanović and Isidora Sekulić that the Serbian criticism read Andrić in a manner similar to that of the Bosniaks.

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Anton Golopenția și rostul „științelor sociale”. Sociologia etaticului și geopolitica etnicului în perioada interbelică

Anton Golopenția și rostul „științelor sociale”. Sociologia etaticului și geopolitica etnicului în perioada interbelică

Author(s): Didă Diana / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2011

Anton Golopentia was an important member of Romanian Sociological School of Bucharest led by Dimitrie Gusti. With A. Golopentia`s texts, we could dismount two errors often done in interwar period regarding sociology and geopolitics sciences in Romania. Concretely, first of them was considered to have an narrow ethnic or nationalist character; second, on the contrary, was seen as concerning only good functioning of state, so that ignoring the ethnic factor. With Golopentia`s texts we reached the conclusion that sociology and geopolitics are complementary social sciences. Sociology is both an ethnic and state-concerning science and it does not ignore the state as institution. Also, geopolitics is about the state, but in the same time it gives a big importance to the ethnic factor. This double and almost equal focus to the state and to the ethnic factor was facilitated by the national-state character of our country. Sociological research on internal medium of a state and geopolitical research on external medium of it are, both, national kind.

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Discontinuity and Continuity of Identity. Romanian Elites after 1989

Discontinuity and Continuity of Identity. Romanian Elites after 1989

Author(s): Radu Baltasiu,Lucian Dumitrescu,Ovidiana Bulumac,Gabriel Săpunaru / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2010

For the states from Central and Eastern Europe, NATO represented a precondition for their joining to the European Union, as Madeleine Albright, the US ambassador to the United Nations, later the Secretary of State of the US, let drift – ”[t]he partnership for peace is the first step in a process, through which the new democracies from Central and Eastern Europe have the opportunity to find their own paths towards the integration into Western systems” (Bauer, 1994). For this part of Europe, these were the coordinates laid out: for instance, the ten EU member states from May 2004 (aside from Cyprus), joined NATO in this order: Poland, Hungary, The Czech Republic – on the 12th of March 1999, and the others on the 29th of March 2004. For Romania and Bulgaria, the integration into NATO took place on the 29th of March 2004 too, and they became EU members on the 1st of January 2007. NATO represents the historical need of security, and EU the framework of prosperity. The phrase that is so common in Romanian public discourse – ”Euro-Atlantic integration”, therefore designates the guaranty of prosperity within the two international bodies.

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СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН РОСІЙСЬКО-ЄВРЕЙСЬКОЇ ІНТЕЛІГЕНЦІЇ

СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН РОСІЙСЬКО-ЄВРЕЙСЬКОЇ ІНТЕЛІГЕНЦІЇ

Author(s): Oleхandr Bezarov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 4/2021

The aim of the study. The article describes peculiarities of the formation processes of the Russian-Jewish intellectuals in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries identifies socio-psychological factors of these processes. Research methods: identity theory is used to analyze the contradictory way of assimilation and emancipation of Jews in the Russian Empire; substantiation of the phenomenon of revolution, opposition and political activity of representatives of the Russian-Jewish intellectuals; the origins of the revolutionary movement in the Russian Empire, as well as the place and role of Jews in the modernization of late imperial Russia. Scientific novelty. For the first time, it was used the theory of identity in the study of the social and cultural phenomenon of the Russian-Jewish intellectuals, highlighting the factors that influenced the peculiarities of its formation and development in the second half of the XIX–early XX century. in the Russian Empire and hypothesized a crisis of identity of the Russian-Jewish intelligentsia, one of the consequences of which was the revolution of radical Russian-Jewish intellectuals. Conclusions. It has been proved, that the development of the revolutionary nature of some of the Russian-Jewish intelligent people (“assimilants”) was influenced by the social and cultural values of Gaskali, the peculiarities of the social consciousness of the Russian intelligentsia, anti-Semitism, and the situation of non-authentic Jews.

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Вотът на младите. Политическият избор на младите българи (2009 – 2021)

Вотът на младите. Политическият избор на младите българи (2009 – 2021)

Author(s): Kaloian Iankov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The article presents a research on the trends in the political choice of young Bulgarians aged 18-30. The research method is secondary analysis of data from electoral surveys – exit polls and official results of the parliamentary elections in 2009-2021 according to data from the Central Election Commission (CEC). At the first level, the results show who young people are voting for and whether their political choices shift in 2009-2021. At the second level – what is the share of young people among voters’ turnout and among party electoral groups. At the third level, it is possible to see the extent to which the young voter is represented in parliament in the Bulgarian National Assembly.

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Zašto su Bošnjaci “plaćali kamatu navodne turske krivice”u mirnodopskim vremenima u XX vijeku? - Primjeri Šahovića 1924 i Rožaja 1967-1971
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Zašto su Bošnjaci “plaćali kamatu navodne turske krivice”u mirnodopskim vremenima u XX vijeku? - Primjeri Šahovića 1924 i Rožaja 1967-1971

Author(s): Šerbo Rastoder / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 89-90/2022

Tema kojom se bavimo nije nova u istoriografiji. Pitanjima iseljavanja muslimana, balkanska istoriografija i ona u Crnoj Gori posebno, počela se baviti još prije drugog svjetskog rata. Istina, izvan ovih prostora bilo je više pokušaja da se definišu neki odgovori, često u širem civilizacijskom kontekstu. Tako Edvin Pezo u predgovoru svoje knjige problematizuje naizgled neočekivano sljedeća pitanja: ”Obje jugoslovenske države nastale u nakon svjetskih ratova i obje su unutar svojih granica zatekle nacionalne i etničke skupine, koje su državne vlasti smatrale nepoželjnima. Jedna od takvih neżeljenih skupina bili su muslimani neslovenskog podrijetla, u kojima je kršćanska većina vidjela neželjeni ostatak višestoljetnog Osmanskog jarma. “A onda slijedi posve aktuelno pitanje:” Jesu li Islam i Evropa kompatibilni te pripada li Islam evropskome povijesnom nasljeđu”? Bez obzira što se na ovo pitanje može gledati i kao na izvedenu iskustvenu konstrukciju, ipak je naslov njegove knjige u prevodu sa njemačkog“ Prisilna migracija u vrijeme mira.? Jugoslovenska migraciona politika i iseljavanje muslimana u Tursku ( 1918-1966)” više nego provokativan.

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External Influences and Religious Paticularism in the Balkans: the “Bulgarian Case”

External Influences and Religious Paticularism in the Balkans: the “Bulgarian Case”

Author(s): Sonia Hinkova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The article examines some of the contemporary external factors and processes influencing religious identity of all Bulgarian citizens who profess Islam (referred to as Bulgarian Muslims in the text). It analyzes the degree of religiousness of the Muslims in Bulgaria, tracing out the major characteristics and leading tendencies of this community. The article studies the strategic potential and foreign policy possibilities by which Turkey is capable of building up a prestige and trust within the Muslim community in Bulgaria. It analyzes some specific Turkish policies for “export” of religiousness towards Muslims in Bulgaria.

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Diskurzivni tragovi malih država: oblikovanje identiteta i uloga Srbije i Hrvatske u Ujedinjenim nacijama

Diskurzivni tragovi malih država: oblikovanje identiteta i uloga Srbije i Hrvatske u Ujedinjenim nacijama

Author(s): Marko Kovačević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2022

In 30 years after the breakup of the socialist Yugoslavia, Serbia and Croatia as small states differently envisaged their place in regional and global context. Such difference is demonstrated by their different relationships toward international organizations such as the European Union, NATO or the United Nations. This article, as its central interest takes the United Nations as a multilateral forum or an arena where small states importantly represent and shape their foreign policy identities and roles. Relying on the constructivist foreign policy analysis and role theory, I focused on the key stages in the development of Serbia's and Croatia's foreign policy narratives as active member states of the United Nations. Although both of these post Yugoslav states perceive themselves as active, such activity belongs to two different, theoretically conceptualized strategies of small states. I argue that Serbia, due to the complexity of Kosovo problem mostly leads defensive autonomous strategy that is bounded by its proclaimed military neutrality, whereas Croatia being a small EU and NATO member is closer to integrationist influence seeking under the same constellation with its Euro-Atlantic partners. By analyzing the official diplomatic discourses of both states at the UN General Assembly between 2000 and 2020, I show how and to what degree their discourses on regional, European and global politics converge or diverge, and discuss what that means for their respective places in the world.

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Pismo sekretaru Blinku

Pismo sekretaru Blinku

Author(s): Ismar Volić,Amer Smajkić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 1/2022

Bosna i Hercegovina se može reorganizovati prema demokratskim principima multietničkog građanstva umjesto segregacionih principa etnoteritorijalne podjele. Zaustavljanjem pokreta segregacije u Bosni i Hercegovini, možete poslati snažan signal da će rasizam i nadmoć bijelih biti zaustavljen i drugdje.

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The Politics of Forgiveness and Bearing Witness after a Genocidal War: Three Short Films from Bosnia-Herzegovina

The Politics of Forgiveness and Bearing Witness after a Genocidal War: Three Short Films from Bosnia-Herzegovina

Author(s): Keith Doubt / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

These three films, while bearing witness, depict the pathos of the politics of forgiveness. They depict the purpose of bearing witness as the linking together of politics and forgiveness, an unlikely couple. The majesty of their art is that neither side of these dichotomies is compromised. The political action of bearing witness does not erase the moral need for reconciliation. Each side of the dichotomy is strengthened in juxtaposition to its opposing side, given the dialectic of tact regarding tact. These films are precious and invaluable, moral and high-minded, for moving their society and the world to a better sense of well-being.

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Pismo uredu visokog predstavnika

Pismo uredu visokog predstavnika

Author(s): David Pettigrew / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 2/2022

Obraćamo Vam se pismom u vezi s pitanjem od velike zabrinutosti. U entitetu Republika Srpska osuđeni počinioci i drugi koji su počinili zlodjela se po pravilu glorificiraju dok se preživjelima zabranjuje ili se energično odvraćaju od postavljanja spomen obilježja žrtvama. Ključno je, u smislu vladavine prava, restorativne pravde i pomirenja, braniti ljudsko pravo na istinu 1 i ljudsko pravo na memorijalizaciju.

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Pismo Tuzli

Pismo Tuzli

Author(s): Kenneth C. Asbell / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 2/2022

Dakle, Tuzlo. Plašim se za tebe, jer tvoja je zemlja bogata historijom i ima jake ideale. Bojim se za tebe jer rat koji je počeo u Bosni devedesetih nikada zapravo nije završio. Brinem se jer te je liberalna demokratija iznevjerila. NATO te iznevjerio. UN su te iznevjerile, a niko koga poznajem ovdje na Zapadu čak i ne pamti taj događaj, niko koga sam sreo izvan akademskih krugova. Pišem ovo pismo da te podstaknem da ne dopustiš da vas razlike u pogledu rata ometaju u pomaganju jedni drugima. Preklinjem te da ostavite po strani ljudsku prirodu kako biste spasili ljudskost. Ne znam kakva je situacija sada u Tuzli. Molim se da ovo pismo, ovaj dokument, bude besmisleno i nepotrebno jer bih se osobno brinuo ako sam u pravu misleći da bi tvoje stanovništvo i dalje moglo biti podijeljeno. 

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Letter to Secretary of State Blinken, II

Letter to Secretary of State Blinken, II

Author(s): David Pettigrew / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

We are writing to express our concern about recent statements by Gabriel Escobar, US Special Envoy to the Western Balkans, related to electoral and constitutional reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. With his remarks, Mr. Escobar essentially condemned Bosnia’s citizens to a future of ethnic divisions, discrimination, persecution, and human rights violations.

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Ukrajina u postkomunističkoj Europi

Ukrajina u postkomunističkoj Europi

Author(s): Georges Nivat,Miroslav M. Popović,Roman Szporluk,Bohdan Osadchuk,Adam Michnik,Alexander Arhangelskii,Konstantin Sigov / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 27/2022

Excerpts from discussions between Alexander Arhangelskii, Adam Michnik, Georges Nivat, Bohdan Osadchuk, Miroslav Popovič, Konstantin Sigov and Roman Szporluk.

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O povijesti Rusije
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O povijesti Rusije

Author(s): Alain Besançon / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 27/2022

»Rusija je misterij Zamotan u zagonetku «, govorio je Churchill. Stvarno su se jako varali o toj zemlji. A ipak, ruski svijet je puno jednostavniji od starih uropskih nacija, puno jednostavniji od Sjedinjenih Država. U čemu je onda teškoća? Napomenimo da su bile dvije povijesti Rusije. Najprije povijest zemlje koja je kao i druge, premda dugo na margini Europe i daleko od civilizacijskih središta. A zatim povijest zemlje koja je bila sjedište komunističkog režima, fenomena kojem gotovo da nema povijesnog presedana pa je ovog puta kao »alijen«, postala apsolutno središnja u Povijesti XX. stoljeća. No te dvije povijesti moraju se još duplirati. Povijest Rusije je naime povijest jedne zemlje napisana velikim dijelom u inozemstvu i ne slaže se uvijek s historiografijom Proizvedenom u Samoj Rusiji, daleko od toga. Nepoklapanje je međutim postalo totalno kada je svoj monopol nad poviješću ustanovila komunistička vlast. Ovih sedamdeset godina postojala je dakle jedna domaća službena povijest, i s druge strane zapadna historiografija, nimalo jedinstvena jer je bila rascijepljena između strasti što ih je komunizam budio, i oprečnih tumačenja tog fenomena. To nam dakle daje najmanje četiri, pa i pet povijesti.

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