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The World of Corporate Culture: Ontological, Anthropological and Organizational Models

Author(s): Leonid Hubersky,Yevheniia Viktorivna Levcheniuk / Language(s): English Issue: 31/2023

The article examines the peculiarities of corporate culture formation and development in the modern stage of societal development, which is characterized by high levels of dynamism and conflict. It has been said that culture is something created by Man just as Man is the creation of culture, because culture influences behavior in a person from the beginning of their socialization through the assimilation of norms, values, models of behavior, etc. A person implements all of these in various types of relationships which, in turn, develop structures, organizations, and all individuals, in particular. Corporate culture becomes the basis for the development of organizations at various levels through the application of management theory, especially when considering the current state of international, intercultural relations caused by globalization and migration processes. Corporate culture plays a particularly important role in ensuring the progressive development of science and education, and in preserving the intellectual potential of the state in conditions of social contradiction and military conflict. The development of corporate culture is based on such principles as tolerance, equality and partnership, which are embodied in the relations of any organization, corporation, etc. It has been shown that culture always involves some kind of change, and through such change, corporate culture can act as the criterion that will ensure a group’s integrity under the pressure of external challenges and act as the measure of the internal stability of any team that has determined its goals, tasks and the purpose of its development and the effective implementation of its values and beliefs.

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KURGUSAL GERÇEKLİKTE OTOPORTRE KULLANAN İKİ FEMİNİST SANATÇININ ESERLERİNİN SANAT ONTOLOJİSİYLE ANALİZİ

Author(s): Aşkın Bahadır / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 84/2023

The concept of ontology, which means "science of being", is a field of philosophy that investigates what really exists, what types of things exist and how they are used. The most fundamental question of ontology is “what is being?” and “what are the things that are totally fundamental?” is the question. According to the ontological approach, there are two types of existence as Real (real) Entities and Irreal (Ideal) Entities. Real beings are those that are perceived by the senses and examined by science. Ideal, that is, irreal entities, are entities that cannot be perceived by the senses, but are grasped by mental thought process and intuition. The main purpose of ontology is to reach these irreal entities. How the work of art exists is questioned by the ontology of art. In the ontological analysis of the work of art, there is an order of real and irreal layers, and the work has seven layers of existence. In the real layer, which is the first layer of existence, materially what the work is is explained. In the second layer, the entity layer, the sense of depth in the work, the determination of light and shadow, figures, objects and objects are defined and the compositional setup is explained. In the third layer of existence, the element of movement in the work and how it emerged is revealed. The fourth entity layer, on the other hand, includes revealing the color element and revealing the character and harmony of the color. The fifth entity layer includes the spiritual reading of the figures' mood and body facial expressions. In the sixth layer of existence, the psychology that appears in the portraits should be tried to be determined. The seventh and last layer of existence is defined as the ideality layer, and the background of the work as the universal idea is revealed. In this layer, the basic idea of the work, its philosophy and the concepts that shape the work should be revealed. This method, which is applied in the ontological analysis of the artistic work, can also be used in contemporary artistic applications. In this context, selected self-portraits of Cindy Sherman and Shirin Neshat, which were sampled in the research, were analyzed using the ontological analysis method. In the layers of ontological analysis, it has been determined that both artists create self-portraits in the field of photography, they present fictional reality to the viewer while revealing these self-portraits, and they create a set of feminist meanings by creating ideality in the deepest ontic layer.

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АНОНС ВЫХОДА НАУЧНОЙ МОНОГРАФИИ «ВРЕМЯ ВОПРОСА. ХАЙДЕГГЕР И ПРОБЛЕМА МЕТАФИЗИКИ»

Author(s): Anton Vavilov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2023

Издательским центром «Гуманитарная академия» на начало 2024 г. запланирован выпуск монографии А.В.Вавилова «Время вопроса. Хайдеггер и проблема метафизики». Предлагаемое исследование посвящено фундаментальному вопросу философии о собственной сущности. Поскольку философское мышление не может ограничиться осмыслением базовых структур различных регионов бытия и уровней познания, но с необходимостью должно включать в свое содержание и само это осмысление, вопрос «Что такое философия?» оказывается первостепенным и принадлежит самой сути — или судьбе — философии.

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Odnos identiteta i uloga u međunarodnim odnosima i spoljnoj politici: ontologija, epistemologija i metodologija

Author(s): Marko Kovačević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2023

The aim of this article is to enable a comprehensive insight into key theoretical debates on the relationship between identities and roles in International Relations (IR) and Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), with a particular focus on theoretical approaches of social constructivism and foreign policy role theory. Given the lack of interest in this research approach the post-Yugoslav IR literature, I systematize ontological, epistemological and methodological dimensions of studying foreign policy and security roles of states. In this research path-breaking effort, a special emphasis is on the role of small states in world politics between structural imperatives and possibilities of agency. Role theory is reviewed in its relationship toward constructivist FPA, whereas the key notions of role theory, interpretive methodology and some examples of research on discursive construction of state identity and roles are presented. In the conclusion, I reflect on some further questions and a research agenda of identity and roles in IR.

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Triangle(s) of Being: Linguistic (Coserian) and Semiotic (Peircean) Perspectives

Author(s): Dumitru Cornel Vîlcu / Language(s): English Issue: 41/2023

This article envisages a possible tripartite division of (types of) being, in correspondence, one the one hand, to Eugenio Coseriu’s linguistic contents (significatum, designatum, sense) and on the other hand to Charles Sanders Peirce’s ‘participants’ in the process of semiosis (sign, object and interpretant). Being as eidos/ essence, corresponding to idiomatic significata, is responsible for the constitution of stabilities and/ or iterations within the otherwise perpetual flux of cogitata/ phenomena. Being as actual existence or particular, intentional object corresponds to the linguistic designata as they are produced through and by speech in the very linguistic act(s). Finally, being as ecstasis (in the Heideggerian sense of this term) or as sense represents the individual speaker’s ‘stance’ in the world, at the same time ‘opening’ it to interpretation by the others. Also, if on the levels of significata and designata language is simply/ purely logos semantikos, on the level of sense the three possible intents of the speaker (apophantikos, poetikos, pragmatikos) can be put into correspondence to the old/ traditional naming and understanding of temporal ec-stases as past, present and future respectively.

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Questions concerning certain faculties claimed for semiotic selves

Author(s): Oscar S. Miyamoto Gómez / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2023

To be is to interpret, and to interpret is to live, for life ceases when the biosemiotic capacities of self-control and choice-making stop. With such an ontological premise, Miyamoto’s paper makes the case that sign processes are not disembodied, decontextualized, and isolated, but always contingent to the relational selfhood of living beings. Terminology-wise, he revises the Sebeokian concept of “semiotic self ” (SS) through the interdisciplinary lenses of Semiotic Self Theory (SST). Resuming the anti-Cartesian spirit of C. S. Peirce’s “Questions Concerning Certain Faculties Claimed for Man”, he observes that semiotic selves could be conceptualized at large as beings that are (1) value-making; (2) multi-layered; (3) communicative; (4) distributed; (5) agential; (6) anticipatory; (7) open-ended; and (8) auto -poietic. Miyamoto’s main contribution to the anthology is to sketch a non-anthropocentric definition of SS based on current advancements in Peircean phenomenology, biosemiotics, and zoosemiotics. He defines a SS as an embodied semiosis that feels, chooses, and acts by means of transient functional cycles, which are teleodynamically- and habitually-grounded on an ecosemiosphere. Such terms, he argues, should be coextensive with the definition of a lifeform. He concludes that SST should shift its focus from the psychological standpoint of a singular self (e.g., identity) to the plural phenomenology of all lifeforms (e.g., semiosis).

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Съзнание, предмет, значение. Външният корелат на съзнанието и въпросът за значението

Author(s): Stefan Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

This paper is focused on an ontological account of three concepts in their constitutive interrelation: consciousness, object and signification. I would like in this way to set and answer to some extent to the question “What is the object?” The article doesn’t have a historic-philosophical character but in the same time it is often referring to exemplary conceptual statements.

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SVETI UDES LJEPOTE O biti pjesništva

Author(s): Žarko Paić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 37-38/2023

Pristupiti onome što proizlazi iz biti pjesništva kao sveti udes ljepote znači smjerno ući u gusto tkanje misaone pređe kakvu je satkao Heidegger u svojem intenzivnome bavljenju Friedrichom Hölderlinom. Nije to u 20. stoljeću bio samo ekscentrični eksces mislioca da jednom pjesniku formalno pripadnome njemačkoj romantici posveti dostojnu pozornost bez presedana u suvremenoj filozofiji, nakon čega su otpočela različita nova hermeneutičko-fenomenologijska čitanja zagonetke Hölderlinova puta u kazivanju o odbjeglim bogovima Grka i življenju modernoga čovjeka u obezboženome svijetu mrtvih znakova bez poezije, poput onih kakve su poduzeli Hans-Georg Gadamer u okružju njemačke filozofije, te Maurice Blanchot, Jean-Luc Nancy i Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe u okružju francuske filozofije i književnosti. Jedinstveni i navlastiti način razotkrivanja mogućnosti onog što Gadamer naziva mitopoetikom, Heideggera je u pjesništvu Hölderlina dovelo do uistinu radikalnoga obrata u samoj biti metafizike. Riječju, baveći se pjesništvom kao iskonskim kazivanjem smisla bitka u doba bezuvjetne vladavine postava (Gestell) kao biti tehnike, otvorio mu se posve drugi i drukčiji put u razumijevanju ne tek sudbine umjetnosti u suvremenosti, već ponajprije onog što još u razdoblju razotkrića pojma događaja ili prigode (Ereignis) koncem 1930-ih godina naziva nadolazećim "posljednjim bogom".

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OTKRIVANJE SKRIVENOG, NALAŽENJE IZGUBLJENOG

Author(s): Rusmir Mahmutćehajić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2022

In his paper on “Discovery of what is hidden, Finding what is lost”, Rusmir Mahmutćehajić offers thoughts on three aspects of the anthropocosmological perspective of the intellectual heritage of prophetic universalism. Concerned primarily with questions and possible answers on how the absolute and contingent are related in existence as a whole and on humanity’s position as focalising observer of the world and the boundary between the known and unknown. The essay is divided into three related parts – the Most Beautiful Example, Realisation, and In the beauty of the Face. Perfected humanity mirrors fully all that exists, so that the path for ascent it offers culminates in self-realisation in the fullness of existence’s reason and purpose, in fact in the discovery of all existence as manifesting the Absolute in beauty, His presence in the contingent. The author locates his mediations within a broader presentation of the Muslim intellectual tradition as described by William C. Chittick in his comprehensive scholarly body of work.

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SABINA HOSENFELDER I KRIZA MODERNE FIZIKE

Author(s): Aleksandar Kandić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2023

The book of one of the currently most famous female physicists, Sabine Hossenfelder, Lost in Math: How Beauty Leads Physics Astray, is a reason for discussing the crisis in which modern physics has fallen, as well as new tendencies in physics as possible ways to overcome the situation. Part of the responsibility for decades of stagnation in the development of physics is borne by certain aspects of the heritage of ancient, specifically Pythagorean-Platonic philosophy, which have found their place in modern science. The critical insights presented by Hossenfelder are very well founded. However, the author can be criticized for overlooking some ways of thought in physics that represent a strong alternative to aesthetic theoretical approaches, mostly inspired by ancient Greek natural philosophy. For example, physicist Fritjof Capra’s book The Tao of Physics points to numerous parallels between Eastern systems of thought and 20th century physics.

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LOGIČKO-ONTOLOŠKI ASPEKTI PANDEMIJE

Author(s): Aleksandar Lukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2022

In this paper, the author examines the logical and ontological aspects of pandemic. Relatedly, the the definition of a pandemic is scrutinized. The very word pandemic (πάνδημος) comes from the Classical Greek language and refers to something pertains to all (πάν) people (δῆμος). However, this cannot be of great use for the definition of pandemic, because with each one known so far, it was about a wide distribution in the people, and not about the entire people. We will try to show that a precise definition (or precise description) of the pandemic does not exist, which means that the very notion is not clear, and therefore the declaration of a pandemic is a matter of preference of those who declare it. “Wide distribution” is a wide notion that could be a part of acceptable scientific definition. Such a lack is, however, compensated by the frequent use of emotional determinants that only obscure the problem, instead of illuminating it. Expressions such as: “invisible enemy”, “social distancing”, “new normal”, “responsibility”, “solidarity”, “state of war”, “virus attack” and others, have an emotional function, the goal of which is to replace the scientific, rational understanding of things.

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RAZLIKE IZMEĐU KVAJNOVE I GIBSONOVE INTERPRETACIJE PROJEKTA NATURALISTIČKE EPISTEMOLOGIJE: KONSEKVENCE GIBSONOVOG NATURALIZMA

Author(s): Miloš Bogdanovic / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2018

In this paper we will try to point out differencies between Quine’s and Gibson’s interpretation of the naturalized epistemology project. Namely, although his claim is that genetic approach which Quine advocated is the best strategy there is to investigate the relation between evidence and theory, and that externalizing of empiricism that it requires is one of Quine’s major philosophical contributions, apart from the fact that they would be in conflict with some strongly held intuitions, we think that assumptions on which Gibson’s project is based would have to be essentially different from Quine’s. In other words, contrary to Quine’s position within which we have possibility of staying on more moderate, and in our opinion, more plausible bihavioristic line of approach, we will try to show that one of the consequences of Gibson’s interpretation is that in Gibson’s case, that possibility is ruled out. On the other hand, this should enable us to draw some more radical conclusions about the nature of Quine’s epistemological project.

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DVA ASPEKTA“ ILI „DVA SVETA“: INTERPRETACIJE KANTOVOG REŠENJA TREĆEG SUKOBA U ANTINOMIJI

Author(s): Slavenko Šljukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2016

In literature, there are two interpretations of Kant’s resolution of third conflict in antinomy – “two words” and “two aspects“. I will attempt to show that it is not possible to decide which interpretation is correct solely by referring to Kant’s “letter” (although referring to “letter” is a necessary condition). Afterwards I will offer argument that goes in favor to Allison’s “two-aspect” interpretation. With this argument I will attempt to demonstrate 1) that Kohl’s version of interpretation of “two worlds” (which I will show it represents the strongest version of the interpretation) is contradictory to Kant’s intention of validity of both determinism and freedom in his theory and 2) that the intention is coherent to Allison’s “two-aspect” interpretation. The proof for 1) will be based upon a fact that determinism cannot be considered irrelevant to any of the contexts, which will take the interpretation of “two worlds” to the absurd. On the other hand, “two-aspect” interpretation allows context in which determinism is irrelevant and that will be the base of the proof for 2). Finally, I will attempt to show that the chapter which refers to resolution of third conflict in antinomy is coherent to the chapter named Canon of pure understanding. “Patchwork” thesis is against this thinking and I will, as well as interpreters Kohl and Esteves have, dismiss it, but I will assert that Esteves’s defense of this coherence is more successful than Kohl’s because he presupposes interpretation of “two worlds”, while Esteves implicitly presupposes “two-aspect” interpretation.

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AUTENTIČNOST I FUNDAMENTALNA ONTOLOGIJA

Author(s): Milan Brdar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2015

What does Heidegger’s discussion of authenticity of Dasein, as presented in Sein und Zeit (1927), contribute to the completion of his program of fundamental ontology (aiming at the sense of being as such)? Aiming to answer to this question the author examines the way authenticity is constructed. The author specifically emphasizes the fact that the authenticity is completed within what is given in „the One“ („das Man“), in the process by which Dasein realizes within its way of being his own specification or concretization. Furthermore Heidegger claims, on the one hand, that it is not possible to rank authenticity and inauthenticity as being something of “higher” and “lower” order, and, on the other hand, that the world has a transcendental status with primary role of the One (das Man). Therefore Dasein understands all from the world, builds its understanding by taking it from the world and constructing out of it its own specification. This has two important consequences: the first is the realization that authenticity has no significance for fundamental ontology, for the understanding of the Being that the Dasein has acquired is equally valuable whether it is authentic or not; and the second is that authenticity is of negligible significance, for the understanding that the Dasein has is obtained from the One, and because the world has a transcendental status, hence it is a priori as far as the understanding of all Being goes. Why then Heidegger deals with authenticity? Reason is to be found not in preparing work for fundamental onthology but in Heidegger’s anticartesianism. As he sketched the concept of Dasein in contrast to Descartes’ subject, he created a problem for himself. Just as Descartes had a problem with finding the way to bring the subject to the world, Heidegger is facing a problem: How can the Dasein, as something integrated into the world as beingin-the-world and being-with-Others, come to itself? Finding the answer to this question does not engage fundamental ontology, for it must be obtained as a precondition for creating the starting point for it. Finally, the author discusses a problem that emerges from this perspective: What is the source of Heidegger’s turn (Kehre)? Emphasized as reasons are Heidegger’s anthropocentrism and remnants of the subject-object relation. Anthropocentrism, however, was already overcomed in SuZ with the thesis about the trancendentalty of the world and by de-centering the subject given the primacy of understanding as contained in the One. As for the subject-object relation, it was overcome through the very discussion of authenticity on the basis of the thesis that the Dasein and the world are in original unity. It follows, then, that Heidegger did not offer the real reasons for his turn, hence the question remains: Why Heidegger did not remain satisfied with those results? That remains to be uncovered by further analyses of his philosophy!

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DVOSTRUKI KARAKTER STVORENOG BIĆA KOD T. AKVINSKOG

Author(s): Predrag Milidrag / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2014

In now classical article from 1958 dedicated to twofold character of Aquinas’s concept of being Joseph Owens clearly formulates the two complementary features of esse that function in Aquinas’s metaphysics, namely 1) being understood in the terms of essence, form or nature, as essential and 2) being understood as accidental, not in predicamental meaning but as something above and beyond the essence of the thing. Firmly relying on whole Owens’s work, I will try to outline the ways of understanding the meanings of esse in Aquinas, because a) two character of being are two complementary and integral components of created being, b) which are really different.

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Poetica relaţionării. Identităţi și distanţe unificatoare în scrierile Svetlanei Cârstean

Author(s): Graţiela Benga-Ţuţuianu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

After outlining the mutations occurring in Svetlana Cârstean’s writing, the survey (focusing on different types of alterity) shows that her poetry has a stroboscopic effect. It creates a multidimensional representation and spurs the development of a special journey, that may find the joints between individuality and the world stage. Along this journey and throughout the meetings/ separations (not only as a splintered existence, but also as an attempt to resize the unknown by means of language), the poetic voice reveals mesmerizing ways of re-composing identities. Language is the basic tool used to substitute and reconstruct an assembly that, ontologically, measures distances that may split up and unify as well. As a consequence of the relational model (between content and content-holder), the experience of cruelty and suffering is transferred from the body to the level of language: the body becomes the communication channel of the dominant language.

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Philosopher of Samarqand: Abu Mansur al-Maturıdı’s Theory of Properties

Author(s): Ramon Harvey / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This article tries to make up a lack of the recognition of the theologian of the Ḥanafī tradition from Samarqand in Transoxiana Abū Manṣūr al-Māturīdī’s philosophical contribution to the Muslim theology in regard to the theory of divine properties. Viewing al-Māturīdī as an early trope theorist, the author has dug into al-Māturīdī’s ontology, which argues to the effect that the substances are not just bundles of qualities but of particular property instances, or tropes. This al-Māturīdī’s theory comes in the context of his dialectical exchange about divine speech with an unnamed interlocutor. Thus, it is the author’s suggestion that those who teach more systematic courses that involve tropes should consider enriching and diversifying the historical context of their syllabus by including al-Māturīdī as an early example of a trope theorist. In addition to that al-Māturīdī’s has important ethical ideas that could be explored in comparison to other religious thinkers and philosophers.

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Heidegger’s Figure of the Last God and Path to Being Itself

Author(s): Jacek Surzyn / Language(s): English Issue: 49/2023

In the present article I explain the role of the figure of “the last god” in Heidegger’s thought after the so-called Heideggerian “turn.” Drawing on Heidegger’s Contributions to Philosophy (From Enowning), it is argued that the figure of “the last god” demonstrates Heidegger’s path to “being itself,” which I distinguish from the path to being presented by him in his earlier thought, mainly laid out in Being and Time. The figure of the last god is not to be understood as a god in a religious framework, but rather as an explication of metaphysical radical thinking, rendered as Heidegger’s view of “divinity of the other beginning.” The notion of the last god is presented against the background of several of Heidegger’s ideas (as specifications) discussed in Contributions namely: disclosure of being itself, the renewal of metaphysics, the understanding of nothing/nothingness in relation to being, the problem of the “sign” (Wink) or the ontic and ontological differences. In a metaphorical form, Heidegger leads us – by means of the specifications given – towards the experience of the “last god,” whose “passage” is for Dasein the experience of being itself, is the event of being. In the text presented here, I will “lead” the reader along such “path.” At the same time, I will engage Heidegger’s language without neglecting its semantic “depth,” showing how Heidegger extracts hidden meanings from words.

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Problem eshatona u delima Rudolfa Bultmana

Author(s): Kristina Todorović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 38/2022

Considering the fact that Rudolf Bultmann was a priest and theologian who was also interested in questions of contemporary philosophy, the author is aiming to inquire are Bultman’s reflections about the problem of history are closer to Christian or contemporary conceptions. The author considers that we could answer that question by analyzing the concept of the eschaton which is the central concept of a Christian understanding of history. The results of this examination should demonstrate that Bultman’s understanding of the concept of the eschaton is different from traditional Christian concepts. In that manner, Bultman’s conceptions contribute to the fact that some Christian ideas continue to live through the prism of existentialist philosophy.

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Vera i određenje čoveka u filozofiji egzistencije Karla Jaspersa

Author(s): Sanja Vlahović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 40/2023

The existentialist philosophical position of Karl Jaspers, according to which the essential determination of man is based on philosophical faith, which overcomes the subject-object correlation by identifying them, is elaborated in detail. The experience of comprehensiveness, which is achieved through the key epistemological concept of the subject-object split, which, according to Jaspers, is a passage to personal freedom and faith, is especially addressed. From this he derives a strictly existentialist position according to which being cannot be known and finally determined by pure thought, because it is conceptually elusive, that is, it can only be experienced. In particular, Jaspers' questions of what I know and what really is are exposed and analyzed, on which he points the way to true existence to students and followers through the practice of self-knowledge. Striving to cleanse his thought of sensory illusions by formulating his own philosophical method, which goes beyond Husserl's phenomenology, he introduces ontological characteristics: being is logos, which we experience through the constant and unpredictable change of reality. In order to bring it closer to us, Jaspers used dialectics in metaphysics: being is and is not, and becomes, and exists, and is cause and effect, and its attributes are actually endless. In this position is the essence and basic meaning of Jaspers' existentialist method, which should lead man as a soul-body structure to true existence and complete freedom.

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