" Constantine´s Christianity for the (Dis)integrated EU. Déjà vu of Constantine’s Roman governance reflecting of the mistrial of Jesus for EU? "

Author(s): Radka MacGregor Pelikánová / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

Two thousand years ago, a horrific mistrial occurred demonstrating, among other features, many failures of proper governance and administration and constituting a total violation of the rule of law. Seventeen centuries ago, the Roman Emperor, Constantine the Great embraced Christianity and overcame the immediately threatening disintegration of the Roman Empire. His administration and integration drive could be seen as addressing the faults of the mistrial of Jesus Christ. His approach to governance and justice under the auspices of Christianity allowed overcoming a set of crises and many disintegration issues linked to ineffectiveness, inefficiency and corruption, denoting him as an illustrious and just leader of a united Empire spreading over a large part of Europe and part of Africa and Asia. Seven decades ago, a modern European integration around the common market was launched and progressively expanded to other spheres. One decade ago a set of crises hit and challenged the European integration. The current post-Lisbon EU, constitutionally defined by the TEU, TFEU and Charter and strategically by Europe 2020, faces many issues which were greatly addressed by Constantine. Hence, the question emerges – is the post-Lisbon EU inspired by the lesson of Constantine? Namely, do its leaders, as well as the constitutional and strategic frameworks, encompass Christianity and Christian principles, especially those implied by the mistrial of Jesus? Or are we departing from Christianity and denying that Christianity is the glue and fundament of European, indeed Western, civilization and a great guidance for EU integration?

"Continuities and discontinuities. Educational program of The Planned Parenthood Association in Krakow (1957 – 1993)"

Author(s): Barbara Klich-Kluczewska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2014

The article presents the program of sexual education prepared and offered by Krakow Branch of the Planned Parenthood Association in the wider context of socio-political situation in Krakow (1956 – 1989). Since the beginning of the Association’s existence, the special attention was paid to the development of educational program, which concerned the different aspects of „family life“. The article is going to answer the questions about its goals, the educational tools used to achieve them and its social targets. To accurately determine the position of the Association in the city‘s community I will analyse its foundation and activities in wider context of the pre-war traditions of the organisation and the activities regarding premarital counselling undertaken by the Krakow Catholic Church.

"Gott hat sein Evangelium auch durch die Musik gepredigt". Martin Luther, die Musik und das Kirchenlied

Author(s): Wilhelm Hüffmeier / Language(s): German / Issue: 10/2016

The article presents origins of the Evangelical church music in the XVI century. Pastor Dr Martin Luther is regarded as the father this music. The poet H. Heine described the hymn “A mighty fortress is our God” as Mar-seillaise of the Reformation. Luther was brought up in his school musical circle and recommended teaching music at schools of all levels. The Reformer, apart from prefaces to all kinds of songbooks, wrote four texts dedicated to the essence of Evangelical song where we find a thesis that music is a good deed of the God -Creator Himself what makes that music in its very nature is a good instrument to proclaim the Gospel. In one of his letters Luther wrote indeed that apart from theology music is the best art bringing consolation for the heart. His first song, Luther wrote not earlier than in 1523 in parallel to the undertaken efforts to reform Evangelical liturgy. Apart from the so-called propaganda songs of Reformation Luther’s favourite songs were paraphrases of psalms. In addition, another form of religious song created in the times of Reformation are catechism songs. The article also depicts the person of Elisabeth Cruciger, the first Reformation singer. Reformation triggered a mighty movement that intro-duced national languages to the liturgy and church services. This movement also transformed music giving it specific feature of piety emerging from the spirit of Evangelical church reformation in the XVI century.

"Maly Luter" ze Wschowy. Valerius Herberger (1562-1627) wzorem kaznodziei

Author(s): Adam Kalbarczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2014

At the turn of the 17th century in the royal town of Wschowa lived and worked the famous Lutheran pastor Valerius Herberger, called "little Luther". considering his eager preaching, pastoral activity and outstanding theological works.

"Sophia" Discourse from Antiquity to Christianity

Author(s): Yevhen Kharkovshchenko / Language(s): English / Issue: 56/2019

Sophia doctrine was evolved in European philosophical and religious creativity and was developed in the pre-Christian period (Socrates, Parmenides, Plato), was represented in Gnosticism (Valentinus) and Neoplatonism (Plotinus), in the writings of prominent theorists of Christianity – the Fathers of the Church (Athanasius the Great, Gregory of Nyssa, Macarius the Great, Gregory the Theologian), the ancient teachers of Christianity (Hilarion, Klim Smoliatich). The doctrine of Sophia, The Wisdom of God is shown in the Proverbs of Solomon Biblical Book, and also in the non-canonical books of the Old Testamentum – Solomon’s Wisdom and the Jesus’ the son of Syrah Wisdom. The Sophia doctrine as mysterious wisdom is described in Kabbalah. It was also reflected in the temple architecture and iconography of the Orthodox East, in the wider use of it at the spiritual and moral level. This doctrine has got a systematic form represented by the doctrine of sophiology in medieval mysticism (M. Eckhart, J. Böhme, E. Swedenborg), and “philosophy of unitotality” (V. Solovyov, S. Bulgakov, P. Florensky). These periods of the Sophia doctrine’s development are inherent in such ideas as a natural philosophy’s theme of understanding the world as the integration, anthropological doctrine of the relationship between nature and the absolute, the existence of God in its close association with the world.

"Trzeba czerpać z przeszłości". O jodze w Polsce lat 60.

Author(s): Kamila Gęsikowska / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 0

After 1945, Poland saw a more pronounced interest in yoga as a practice related to physical exercise, which is evident in book publications (manuals such as Yoga for You by Claude Bragdon, Eng. ed. 1954, Pol. ed. 1955) or press publications (such as the February 17, 1959 issue of “Przekrój”, which featured an interview with the pianist Witold Małcużyński, in which the artist talked about his experiences with yoga and his use of the practice in his daily and professional life). Yoga also became an object of interest for the creators of the popular 1960s television series Wojna domowa (“House Quarrels”) (1965). This paper analyzes episode seven of Wojna domowa entitled “Polish Yoga.” The author traces the social and cultural changes that occurred in the perception of yoga and the people who practice it. On the basis of her analysis, she proves that the figure of the yogi gradually ceased to be associated only with the culture of India at that time, undergoing a kind of “Occidentalizing” — the yogi did not have to be an Eastern master, but could be a specialist (though in the case of the show presented in a comedic fashion). Yoga, adjusting to the new cultural reality, became an interesting novelty for the young generation, at the same time entering more and more clearly into everyday life.

"Vy máte iného ducha!" Žilinská deklarácia - národno-politický aspekt slovenského evanjelického reformného hnutia

Author(s): László Matus / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2015

The constitution of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Kingdom of Hungary was established by the 1891-94 synod. This constitution had a tendency towards centralization and greatly restricted the autonomy of the church. The centralized administration rendered it possible for the leaders of the church to reduce the autonomy of Slovak Lutherans, who had majority in the Cis-Danubian district, by redrawing the borders of the districts. In the new districts the Slovak Lutherans found themselves in minority everywhere, losing their influence on decision making.This lead to the Žilina Declaration, which was signed by 68 north-west Hungarian Slovak congregations at the end of 1912 and the beginning of 1913. The declaration criticised the centralization and the concomitant tendencies towards Hungarian linguistic and the ideological nationalization of the church, and it even raised the issue of forming autonomous Slovak districts.The present study analyses the political context of the above mentioned document. The author uses primary sources because the topic lacks historiographical literature. The first research question of the study is whether the co-operation of the Slovak congregations was as an ad-hoc association or, rather, the result of the mobilisation of an institutionalized group. The second research question discusses the various representations of the relevance of the aforementioned congregational co-operation in the Slovak national narrative. In order to answer these questions the author relies on both political science theories and secularisation theories.

"Свешената книга" в романовата структура на "Хайка за вълци" от Ивайло Петров - релации и трансформации

Author(s): Zapryan Kozludzhov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Ivailo Petrov's novel 'Wolf Hunt' is a dramatic saga with a story covering a long and contradictory period of Bulgarian history, from the first years after World War II to 1965. The fates of Ivan Shibilev, Mona Zhendo, Kalcho, Nikolin, Stoyan Kralev and their sons and daoughters intertwine and grow apart in passions and conflicts. This book is the story of people who are born during a totalitarian regime or die, frequently because of what they love. The hunt is the symbol of their thirst for revenge, the Old Testament 'an eye for an eye', with the outcome/redemption being presented as a pain of the soul caused by the loss of human happiness. The study discusses the presence of biblical motifs and images and the manner in which the author of the novel works with them. The moral categories through which each individual considers his/her life are skilfully woven in the book by the careful use of biblical symbols and messages. The characters in 'Wolf Hunt' fully experience the passions and sufferings of the Old Testament characters, thereby redeeming the original human sin.

(Non)religion in a Museum: Alterna(rra)tives to the Estonian National Story

Author(s): Atko Remmel / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The article analyses the treatment of religion and nonreligion in two current permanent exhibitions at the Estonian National Museum in the light of a Estonian national narrative which is critical of religion/Christianity. National narratives are concurrently a process and an outcome and therefore it is important to study how that narrative changes over time, as it reflects changes in society. The article also studies how culture and religion are represented in the aforementioned exhibitions and how they support the recently emerging phenomenon of separating religion from culture.

...HIS ENEMY BE MADE HIS FOOTSTOOL - VISIONARY UPRISING ON AN URBAN SCENE – A CASE FROM MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY NORWAY

Author(s): Arne Bugge Amundsen / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2000

The article focuses on a series of events in the little town Fredrikstad in southeastern Norway in the year 1852. A small group of proto-methodists, who later on were influenced by Mormonism and emigrated to Utah, made serious efforts to dominate the public urban spheres: the church, the court room, the harbour and the streets. Their actions were, partly, inspired and legitimized by religious visions and hallucinations but their message included both religious and social reformation. They were charged with accusations of blasphemy, crimen laesae majestatis, disturbing public order and insulting His Majesty’s servants, and they eventually ended up with legal sentences. One of the rebels, the shipmaster Tobias Jacobsen, was also accused of being insane and made the object of a thorough psychiatric investigation. The author presents four main points of interpretation of these events: 1) The events can be analyzed in terms of “systems in conflict”, that is as a confrontation between radically different cultural values and symbols, 2) The conflict had rhetorical implications for both groups of participants: the group in revolt and the established public authority, 3) The rhetorical implications include different conceptions of time and history, and 4) As a contribution to the study of cultural history, a close examination of the visionaries’ rebellious narratives may show the close interaction between speech and action, event and narrative.

17. ve 20. Yüzyıllar Arasında Arşiv Belgelerine Yansıyan Antalya Medreseleri

Author(s): Gülsen İstek / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2019

Antalya, which is today’s attraction center with its historical and natural beauties, was described as “a city like heaven” since ancient times. This city hosted many civilisations and states until the 13th century and became an important seaport after The Seljuks took over the region. The Seljuks applied civilization and urbanization policy also in Antalya, like other regions they ruled. The mosques, madrasahs (Islamıc theology institutions), schools, baths, caravansearis (hostels), hospices, and water cisterns in this period changed the structure of the city and paved the way for improvements of public life. During the Ottomans some of these social institutions were kept active while the others no longer served to the public. However, with the construction of new social institutions, urbanization was resumed. The madrasas were generally built near or adjacent to the mosques, and had a significant role in developing the society and cultural structure. Although the madrasas in Antalya were mainly the institutions that maintain the education system, the research on these madrasas mostly focuses on their architectural features. The majority of these madrasas that are not comprehensively studied. Therefore, the functioning structures and the problems of Antalya Madrasas (Antalya, Korkuteli and Elmalı), which are reflected in the archive documents between the 17th and 20th centuries and also both individuals and institutions that had influence on these madrasas are going to be investigated in this study. Thus, this paper will shed more light on Antalya Madrasas.

1883–1916 metų katekizmų religinių vietų pavadinimai

Author(s): Aušra Rimkutė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 19/2012

Names of places related to religion comprise about five percent of religious terminology used in catechisms published in 1883–1916. These words name various liturgical places important to believers such as buildings (bažnyčia (church), šventykla (church), katedra (cathedral)), their parts and spaces (altorius (altar), aukuras (altar), choras (choir), klausykla (confessional), koplyčia (chapel), sakykla (pulpit), zakristija (vestry)), places of burial (kapinės (cemetery), katakombos (catacombs)), afterlife (dangus (heaven), rojus (paradise)), miraculous or important religious events, for instance, visitations (dykynė (wilderness)), punishment or purification (pragaras (hell), skaistykla (purgatory)), and other places. According to their origin names of places related to religion used in catechisms published in 1883–1916 can be divided into Lithuanian (44 percent; aukuras (altar), dangus (heaven), pragaras (hell), klausykla (confessional), sakykla (pulpit), skaistykla (purgatory), šveitykla (purgatory), šventykla (church), vienuolynas (monastery), tėvainystė (heaven)), non-Lithuanian: a) international words (8 percent; altorius (altar), konfesionalas (confessional), presbiterija (presbitery)), b) old borrowings (12 percent; bažnyčia (church), koplyčia (chapel), rojus (paradise), zakristija (sacristy)), c) barbarisms (30 percent; atklanės (hell), pekla (hell), čysčius (purgatory), svietas (world)) and half- Lithuanian words (6 percent; altorėlis (altar), karalystė (kingdom), vyskupija (diocese)).

19. YÜZYILDA BİR OSMANLI VALİSİ: GİRİTLİ SIRRI PAŞA VE TEFSİR ANLAYIŞI

Author(s): Ekrem Gülşen / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 22/2010

The Ottoman Statesman, Sırrı Pasha from Crete in the 19th century, worked as Province Governor and a proprietor. Sırrı Pasha was an intellectual who authored books on the issues of exegesis, Islamic theology, logic, the history of religions and schools of thought , linguistics and literature. Familiar with the science of theology and literature, as an author, his interpretations of the Holy Quran are made up of the verses of Joseph, Mary, Furkan and Insan. In this paper, the author`s life, works and his method in exegesis are examined and understood that his studies of exegesis are made up of those which require great wisdom.

20.YY YAHUDİ DÜŞÜNCESİNE BİR KATKI: LOUIS JACOBS (1920-2006)

Author(s): Ayşe Ambaroğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 4/2019

20th Century Modern Jewish Theology includes important discussions a large variety of subjects mainly about Institutional Judaism, Modernization and Religiousness. Following 17th century Early Modern Enlightenment Era and the 19th century Haskalah movement played an important role in 20th century Modern Jewish thought by supporting attention provoking discussions. Contrary to British Judaism which he got educated in, Louis Jacobs’s perspective is more compatible with Conservative Judaism which is more prevalent in USA and Canada. Important discussions of 20th century Reformist and Conservative Judaism such as development of Halaska, interpretation of Holy Book, individual against modernization and religiousness can be followed in his writings. In this work, a general look on Louis Jacobs’ thoughts is presented regarding British Judaism and problems about its era.

75 lat obecności bł. Urszuli Ledóchowskiej i jej Zgromadzenia w Łodzi 1922–1997

Author(s): Andrzeja Górska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/1998

Czym ma być dla nas ten Jubileusz? Przede wszystkim serdecznym wspominaniem minionych lat, a także uroczystym i radosnym dziękczynieniem Bogu i ludziom za przeżyty czas, za dokonane dzieła, za wszystkich i wszystko, czym nas Pan Bóg obdarzył; za wszystkie widoczne, a czasem niedostrzegalne dla ludzkich oczu łaski, dobrodziejstwa i doświadczenia; za te wszystkie tajemnice radosne, bolesne i chwalebne, które wypełniają każde ludzkie życie zarówno życie osobiste, jak i życie wspólnot i społeczeństw, wśród których i dla których żyjemy, pracujemy i które współtworzymy.

7th European Conference of Iranian Studies (ECIS), Krakkó 2011. szeptember 7-11.

Author(s): Miklós Sárközy / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 3-4/2011

A 18. dinasztia idején épült thébai vályogtégla szentély rekonstrukciós kísérletei

Author(s): Zoltán Imre Fábián / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 4/2012

A small mortuary chapel built of mud bricks was exposed in 2008 by the Hungarian Archaeological Mission in Thebes, on the south slope of the el-Khokha hillock. Paintings in a rather good state of preservation as well as several further fragments came to light during the excavation. They represent some characteristic thematic groups typical of 18th Dynasty rock cut mortuary monuments. Especially two groups offer a good chance for the reconstruction and the examination of basic principles of the decoration program, namely, a series of offering bearers and the scenes of beer brewers. On the basis of the reconstruction of painted elements, further conclusions can also be drawn regarding the architectural features of the chapel.

A 20.SZÁZAD TÖRTÉNELMI ESEMÉNYEINEK JELENTŐSÉGE A GÖRÖG KATOLIKUS EGYHÁZ SZÁMÁRA SZLOVÁKIÁBAN (CSEHSZLOVÁKIÁBAN)

Author(s): Béla Bohács / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 1/2018

Historical Events of the 20th Century and Their Relevance for the Greek Catholic Church in Slovakia (Czechoslovakia). In 2018, the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Prešov commemorates the 200th anniversary of its establishment. Throughout its existence, the eparchy experienced its heyday and there were times when the eparchy struggled and suffered. The darkest period was the total liquidation of the Greek Catholic Church by the totalitarian regime in the years of 1950–1968. The eparchy resumed its activities in 1968 during the “Prague Spring”. The period of unrestricted activities of the eparchy, however, commenced after the “Velvet Revolution” in 1989.

A comparative study of “Self examination or self knowing” from the viewpoint of Rumi and Shankara

Author(s): Ali reza Khajegir,Mohammad reza Afroogh / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2018

The mystics always have a special interest in human beings. They think about bothhuman being and his ideas, that is, in their thinking anthropology is of greatimportance from various dimensions especially epistemological, ethical andsocial. Therefore, the drawing and explanation of the features of the mystical manis a concern. They are for the sake of man and his greatness. Of course, it shouldbe noted that their attitude towards humans is more than moral and moraldimension, and other aspects of anthropology, practical action, have a specialplace in his thought. This attitude towards man by him is the epistemic existentialdimensions, as well as the nature of human truth, and in particular, the perfectman's attributes Includes. In this article, we use the views and opinions of thesetwo great mystics and their interpretation based on their literary texts to study therole and effect of self-knowledge as a great and common way between the twomystics for connecting to the Absolute Truth. The present study is a descriptivecomparative study and data are analyzed and analyzed using a content analysismethod in a library method.

A comparison of approaches to art in the constitutions of the Orders of the Discalced Carmelites and Trinitarians

Author(s): Mirosława Sobczyńska-Szczepańska / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

The reform process of the Order of the Most Holy Trinity (Trinitarians) developed under the strong influence of the Teresian Carmel, which is reflected in the dependence of the first constitutions of the Discalced Trinitarians (1614) on the statutes of the Spanish Congregation of the Discalced Carmelites (1604). The article discusses the regulations on the artistic activity contained in the aforementioned texts and in the later statutes of both orders (including the unpublished constitutions of the Outside-Spain-Family of the Discalced Trinitarians compiled in 1770) that have as yet not been studied by historians of the Trinitarians Order. The analysis of these provisions leads to the conclusion that Trinitarian approach to art was determined by the legislations of the Spanish Discalced Carmelites and by the third point of the Trinitarian Rule, ordering that their churches were of simple construction. Unlike the Spanish Discalced Carmelites, the Discalced Trinitarians systematically modified their regulations, adapting them to the changing circumstances in which the religious buildings were constructed.