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Търговското противопоставяне между САЩ и Китай

Author(s): Tsvetomir Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The research paper traces back the emergence, development and the effects of the trade conflict between the USA and China. The paper presents the theoretical preconditions for the conflict and analyses the trade relations between the two countries since the end of the 1970s up to the beginning of September 2019. There are also presented and analyzed the effects of the trade conflict on the economies of the USA and China, on the global production chains and on the investment flows between the two countries.

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Търновският предприемач Никола хаджи Славчев

Author(s): Svetla Atanasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The professional biography of Nikola Hadzhi Slavchev – one of the pioneers of the brewing industry in our country is the embodiment of the life maxim that success begins with a fresh start. However, the guarantees for this are rooted in the leadership qualities of the entrepreneur – measured risk, effective solutions for the production and marketing, and a clear vision for the future. The well-educated Nikola h. Slavchev, a school alumnus of Robert College in Constantinople and the Military School in Sofia, changed his life in 1892, taking responsibility for his father’s heritage. Initially, the Hadzhi Slavchevi brothers in partnership with Ivan Halachev established a general partnership for the production and trading of beer. In 1906 the partnership was broken down. The crisis was solved by Nikola hadzhi Slavchev. He gathered the assets and liabilities of the company, invested his capital in the establishment of a limited company “Nikola Hadzhi Slavchev”. As an unlimitedly responsible member, he lead thoughtfully the brewing company until 1923. During the Balkan wars and the World War I (1912–1918), the production and consumption of beer increased enormously and the factory in Turnovo town became one of the most sought-after partners. In parallel with this activity Nikola h. Slavchev was a concessionaire of the coal mine “LEV” in the region of Tryavna. He made the first attempts to create a housing fund for his workers. Donation was not alien to him either. During his lifetime, he established a trustee fund for the education of poor children and support for cultural and educational institutions.

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Тютюнът в стопанските инициативи на Христо и Евлоги Георгиеви

Author(s): Valentin Kitanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

Tobacco penetrated the territory of the Balkans at the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th century, and over time it became the main livelihood for a considerable part of the population, as well as an important commercial product with a significant contribution to both, the tax system and the financial situation of those involved in its production and trade. The high increase in the use of tobacco products in the 19th century had commercial and cultural motives. As a result, tobacco production areas were expanding and the demand for tobacco on the domestic and export market was rising. From the second quarter, and especially from the middle of the 19th century on, more and more wealthy Bulgarians established a position in the tobacco sector through the production, trade or purchase of tax revenues. Part of this group, from the first half of the 1950s on, were Christo and Evlogi Georgiev. The purpose of the present study is to reveal for the first time the place of tobacco in the economic enterprises of the Georgiev brothers. It aims to outline the rationale behind their decision to venture in this economic sphere, as well as to trace the hurdles and dilemmas they faced. Correspondence from the 50s–60s of the 19th century between entrepreneurs and the two brothers reveals in detail various issues related to the trade or cultivation of tobacco. Tobacco was present for a much longer time in the Georgiev brothers’ commercial enterprises – from the first half of the 1950s to the period of war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire in 1877–1878. In addition, Christo and Evlogi Georgiev sought to increase the quantity of traded tobacco through attempts of own production on the territory of Wallachia, which was not characteristic of their economic profile until the mid-1960s and was a supplement to other large-scale productions. With their involvement in the production and trade of tobacco during the period from the beginning of the 50s till the end of the 70s of the 19th century, the Georgiev brothers became part of the generation that established positions in the tobacco sphere. Regardless of the difficulties and dilemmas they often faced, they provided the crucial solid historical basis needed for the establishment of tobacco as an essential element, both, in the economic mentality of the following generations and in the economic infrastructure of the Bulgarian state from the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century.

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УВОДНИ ДУМИ

Author(s): Alexander Valkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

Introductory words about governance and health policies.

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Удовлетворенность и лояльность потребителей образовательных услуг в условиях конкурентной борьбы

Author(s): Natalia Yuryevna Velichko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 03/2016

The study examined the need to study the satisfaction and loyalty of consumers of educational services in a competitive environment. The study proved that customer orientation is becoming a key principle in the organization of the educational process and the functioning of the quality management system at any university. It is based on the consumer organization should define the purpose of the activity and set goals to achieve it. The university is not able to adapt to the level of the individual or social community, it will inevitably be supplanted by other institutions of the educational space.

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Удосконалення вищої освіти в умовах реалізації інноваційно-інвестиційної моделі розвитку економіки

Author(s): Irina Krivonogova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 25/2014

The article examines the approaches of improving higher education. Offers an innovative approach to the management of the university - based organizational management. Considered structuring objectives in improving the organizational management of the university in order to implement one of the important functions of the system analysis - work with objectives.Defined new criteria for the evaluation of universities, which are expressed, for example, that for the accreditation of the university one must have a quality management system, and to design and program funding needs an appropriate level of innovation capacity. It is proved that in order to be competitive, universities must build adequate development strategy. Effectiveness of the strategy depends on the willingness of the university to quality management changes that are associated primarily with the transition from administrative management to strategic management and performance management.The analysis leads to the conclusion that modern Ukrainian universities need to move from change management features upon which they occurred when the focus is on adapting to the new management paradigm which is to create «institutional knowledge» and knowledge-based management. It comes to achieving the critical success factors - the most strategic targets to ensure competitiveness of the university. Along with this need innovative solutions, which will be the key mechanism for creating and sustaining competitive advantage, development of adaptive competencies of the University and its employees. Thus, an updated organizational and technological tools of university management, the introduction of new management tools with a focus on the use of organizational knowledge. Given the large number of factors discussed there is a need to further their group, setting different kinds of combinations and interdependencies as a basis for constructing the transformational model of management of innovative university, which contributes to its establishment as a self-developing adaptive organization.

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Удосконалення кадрового забезпечення конкурентоспроможності підприємства

Author(s): Hryhorii Savelenko,V. Lunjak / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2012

In the presented article certain problems of increase of competitiveness of enterprise are due to development of personnel. The chart of intercommunication of development of personnel and increase of competitiveness of enterprise is built. Certainly sequence of development of strategy of development of personnel of enterprise.

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Удосконалення методики проведення комплексного аналізу фінансової звітності малого підприємства

Author(s): Alla Lysenko,Julia Nedovoz / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2012

In the article investigational existent approaches are in relation to realization of complex analysis of the financial reporting of subjects of menage, certainly directions of improvement of method of his leadthrough on small enterprises.

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Удосконалення механізму економічної мотивації як стратегічний імператив управління персоналом промислового підприємства

Author(s): Ruslana Zhovnovach,Yurii Malakhovskyi / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3 (36)/2019

The article is devoted to solving the problem of development of methodological foundations of the formation and improvement of the mechanism of economic motivation as a strategic imperative of personnel management at an industrial enterprise. The conceptual and terminological apparatus of the research has been formed. Particularly, the author's point of view on the meaning of the concepts “imperative”, “strategic imperative”, “strategic imperatives of personnel management”, “economic motivation” is presented.The author’s definition of the essence of strategic imperatives of personnel management as a set of policies, programmes and specific actions for the formation and development of productive capabilities of employees, as well as mechanisms for their effective use in the long term was suggested. The mechanisms are focused on the achievement of strategic goals of enterprise development taking into account its resource potential.The theoretical foundations have been summarized. The essence and economic nature of the mechanism of employee’s motivation as a strategic imperative for personnel management at an industrial enterprise were clarified. It is noted that the main motivating factor of the employees is to get guaranteed wages and to meet other primary material needs. Structuring the set of tools of economic motivation to ensure efficient work and continuous professional development of staff creates additional opportunities for a deeper understanding of the impact of motivation methods on the activity of company staff in order to enhance its innovative component in the strategic perspective and the level of efficiency of work with the methods of economic impact.The strategic directions of improvement of the mechanism of economic motivation on the basis of creating the system of material incentives at an industrial enterprise as a component of the process of production budgeting and financial activity have been offered. Increasing the effectiveness of the mechanism of economic motivation on the basis of budgeting is ensured through the measures connected with the use of the budget indicators of the responsibility centers at the enterprise as the basis of bonuses. The increase in the effectiveness of the mechanism also takes into account the influence of certain divisions of the enterprise as centers of responsibility for determining the value of the bonus fund. It necessary to determine the conditions, indicators and rates of remuneration for certain divisions and employees of the enterprise, including those related to the formation of innovation portfolio and innovation policy.

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Удосконалення механізму реалізації ендогенного потенціалу інноваційного розвитку національної економіки

Author(s): Oleksandra Gumeniuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 25/2014

The article analyzes the general trends of the economic mechanism of the endogenous potential implementation of the national economy innovative development. It is represented as a complete system of the economy and has formed the institutional, financial, administrative and personnel, resources and logistics, including the implementation of organizational and management capacity, and the processes of mobilization of internal capabilities and resources to guide them on innovative targets with subsequent accumulation and reproduction. Оutlines the organizational and economic mechanism as part of the mechanism of the innovation development, including the appropriate procedure for planning, financing, logistics, special structures appropriate channels to obtain information, assess of economic efficiency and other components. Presents components of endogenous potential that includ market, natural resources, intellectual and labor, organizational and administrative, financial, innovation potential and article outlines its internal capabilities, resources. Shows their focus on innovative targets for mobilization and subsequent accumulation and reproduction. Mobilization could be based on existing resource capabilities and ensure their growth through the effects of cumulative causation positive experience productive orientation using them to achieve the strategic goals of innovation. System of government and subordinate structures should generate and implement innovative policies, regulatory framework, intellectual property rights, innovation and business financing. Reforming the system of public administration, such as the simplification of bureaucratic procedures and gain control over the activities of subordinate services and departments will promote innovation.

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Удосконалення організації оплати праці в акціонерних товариствах

Author(s): A. Semenov,A. Zakabluk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2012

The current state of the organization of compensation in joint-stock companies is considered. The system of compensation which is based on participation in profits and distribution of the income more is suitable for modern economy. Essence of flexible system of compensation “participation in profits” that at the expense of in advance established part of profit the bonus fund from which workers receive regular payments is formed.

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Удосконалення професійної підготовки, перепідготовки та підвищення кваліфікації кадрів

Author(s): Alla Shinkarenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 23/2013

The objective of the article is the research of issues connected with improvement of professional training and re-training of personnel as a way of stabilization of the situation at labour market.The article discloses the ways of improvement of professional training, re-training and raising the level of professional skills of personnel.It has been shown that the main aim of professional training of unoccupied population should be raising the level of its competitiveness for job-placement through education services according to educational demands and the demands of employers including the trends on the labour market.The ways of improvement of professional training have been suggested.Improvement of professional training, re-training and raising the level of professional skills of personnel will adjust professional and qualification structure of labour force with the demands of innovative development of economy and increase the competitiveness of unoccupied population on the labour market.

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Узагальнення наукових підходів до розуміння сутності бюджетного потенціалу регіону

Author(s): Nataliya Pedchenko,Sviyatoslav Zavorotniy / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 27/2015

This article investigates scientific approaches to understanding the nature of the budget potential. In particular, it was found that the financial basis of state authorities’ actions is the budgets of the areas and therefore sustainable development of local government area is determined by the amount of financial resources accumulated in the budget of the area – budget capacity. In examinations the scientific approaches to understanding the nature of budgetary potential of the region are generalized, the main factors that influence on it are defined, the classification of the budget potential is justified. In conclusion, we would like to say that fiscal potential of the region should be the basis of the planning budget revenues in the region, since the availability of information on the state of budget potential of the region forming will allow to concentrate an efforts on the most important areas of development of the region, to determine the reserves of funding, to ensure the effective control of the mobilization and use of funds.

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Узагальнюючі характеристики стану і результатів дії інститутів суспільства

Author(s): I. V. Timoshenkov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2015

In the paper, the main criteria for assessing the state and performances of societal institutions are identified. The definitions of concepts of institutional effectiveness and institutional quality are given and the relevance of using these concepts as generalized characteristics of an institutional system is substantiated.

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Узроци економско-финансијске кризе у Југославији

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Узроци економско-финансијске кризе у Југославији

Author(s): Ivo Belin / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 06/1932

Тешка економско-финансијска криза која тишти готово читав свијет, и која je довела у питање данашње капиталистичко уређење привредног живота, захватила je, и морала je захватити, и нашу земљу. Привредне нити појединих држава, па и континената, данас су тако уско испреплетане, да je искључено да крупни догађаји у привреди не одјекују с једнога краја на други.

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Узроци осиромашења градова и градског становништва

Author(s): Ranka Perić Romić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2012

Studying poverty in urban environments can be done from two aspects: inner factors, which imply municipality politics with the final goal of improvement of the city’s environment by making profit through income taxes, rents and fees for building licences and zoning permits; and external factors, which imply economical and political turmoil and necessary course of industrial progress followed by urbanization processes. The inner factors imply planned urban environment restructuring, and one of the ways is gentrification process and, also, homogenisation of the social heterogeneous urban areas. Urbanisation, as an external factor, is connected with the industrial and technical-technological progress. In advanced part of the world, urbanisation does the filtration of urban population in class hierarchical structure, due to labour market competitiveness, while the urbanisation of the Third world states reflects crisis made by social-political turmoil and by industrialisation that hasn’t achieved degree of growth in a way to be able to absorb incoming population from rural areas. Urban poverty is conditioned by specific features, which are vital for life in city surroundings, among all, inadequate and insufficient income, low level of education, subtenant and habitation in ghettos and slums, inadequate provision of public infrastructures and so on. A city is a spatial expression for social segregation and by that, generally, of poverty.

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Украина по стопам Болгарии – социально-экономический анализ и прогноз

Author(s): Mitko Khitov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 31/2016

The article makes a comparative analysis of the two Eastern European countries, Ukraine and Bulgaria, during their Euro-Atlantic integration after the collapse of the system of division of labor within their economies were functioned until.It is made a forecast for the development of Ukraine's economy based on the the distance covered by Bulgaria.The goal is to study the basic laws and results from interactions between developed and emegings countries.Methodology is systematic approach, method of comparative analysis and a forecast.The work results in the performed comparative analysis on the development of two comparable, in terms of socioeconomic development, countries from the former socialist system of division of labor. It has been made a scientifically motivated forecast for the further socio-economic development of Ukraine, based on the experience of Bulgaria.Application area of the results - the state management of socio-economic development.Conclusions - the development of various countries, in their integration into the global system of division of labor, is subject to the same economic laws, despite of all attempts to establish its own specific national model of development.

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Украино-Български научен форум

Author(s): Dmitro Mikolenko / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

Summary of an on-line round table

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Український цивілізаційний простір: історико-економічний вимір

Author(s): Volodymyr Studinski / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2014

The subject of this study is to Ukrainian cultural space in historical and economic dimension. The methodology of this research ishistorical and economic analysis of the development of civilization waves Ukrainian space. The study determined that a greatinfluence on him played Tripoli culture, which actually gave the development of agricultural production. These traditions arepreserved in the current Ukrainian society. Branch application may be in political economy research civilizational and formationalprocesses of social (economic) system. Concluded that the Ukrainian cultural space begins to actively form in the system ofeconomic and cultural relations between Tripoli society, which, in essence, became the ancestor of agricultural production andgreatly influenced the global cultural space.

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Українські трансформаційні процеси в економіці: реалії та шляхи змін

Author(s): Ljudmila Shimchenko,Oleksandr Kurok / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 35/2017

The subject of research is to study the ways of transforming Ukraine’s economy that can ensure more effective progress. The goal of the research is to study the proposed most effective ways of transforming Ukraine’s economy connected with the system of renewal of Ukrainian identity and subjectivity. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the project «Ukraine’s Economic Policy– Defining the Future»it was proposed by Ukrainian economists as a policy sense for ensuring the growth of the country's economy on a new technological basis. The results of scientific work focus on the reconstructive type of economic development, which, based on the disclosure of the subjects’ internal potential of the country’s socio-economic system, is capable of ensuring the functioning of a balanced national market and helping it incorporation in the system of world economic relations. Practical implications. The results of the research may be used to study problems of economic theory and national economy. Conclusions. The fourth industrial revolution is so large that around the world there is a rapid change in both the whole production systems and the administration and management systems. Ukraine, with its specific transformation period, needs to find the most optimal type of economic development, is capable of ensuring the renewal of Ukrainian identity and subjectivity. The investigated reconstructive type of economic development can be used as a priority.

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