Индивидуальные психологические особенности развития музикальной памяти студентов в процессе обучения

Author(s): Marina Beleckaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

In this study, based on an analysis of theoretical positions, results of psychological-pedagogical experiment revealed the individual psychological characteristics of the musical memory of students in the learning process. Defined conditions for the development of musical memory of students, taking into account its kinds, types and processes. The character of the influence of the level of musical memory of the success of training is fond out.

Социално приобщаване на непридружени непълнолетни мигранти в България – постижения, предизвикателства и алтернативи

Author(s): Daniela Racheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article examines the main problems accompanying unaccompanied migrant children on the way to their social inclusion in the Bulgarian and, respectively, in the European society. Taking into account the achievements of the Bulgarian governmental and non-governmental organizations in the care and protection of this numerous group of children, the author also presents some unresolved problems concerning the reception and integration of unaccompanied minor migrants in Bulgaria and offers his vision for alternative ways to solve them.

Модел за изследване на социокултурна среда за постигане на по-ефективна организация и управление на процеса на учене и участие на деца и ученици, принадлежащи към уязвими общности

Author(s): Yosif Nunev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The aim of the study is to provide directors of educational institutions, experts from regional education departments, as well as specialists in municipalities with an accessible model for researching families with varying degrees of vulnerability with a view to more effective organization and management of learning and participation. of children and students from these families. Identifying and getting acquainted with the specific features of the living environment of communities and especially the most at-risk families between them, allows each teacher to change themselves and the educational environment to make it more inclusive and meet the individual needs of every child. The model allows every pedagogical specialist who finds himself in such a cultural and educational environment to organize and purposefully subordinate his activity to get to know the specifics of life of his graduates and put his work on a scientific basis. The research can be reproduced with each formed problem community in urban or rural environment.

Vocabulary in autism spectrum disorders. Part 3: Qualitative description – the category of relations / Słownictwo w zaburzeniach należących do spektrum autyzmu. Część 3: Charakterystyka jakościowa – kategoria relacji

Author(s): Ewa Hrycyna / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 11/2022

The article is the third part of a study concerned with vocabulary in autism spectrum disorders. The subject of interest in this article is the category of relations and its lexical exponents. The author presents various types of linguistically expressed relations. She discusses how they are represented in the language of people with autism spectrum disorders and devotes a separate fragment to parts of speech. The acquisition of relational concepts and their lexical exponents is a significant development challenge; especially difficult for people with autism. In the category of relations the differences between the vocabularies of typically developing people and people with autistic disorders are the most pronounced. Other conclusions from the analysis carried out are in line with those in the second part of the study concerning the category of things and events.

Performance of a picture description by ten-year-olds with fetal alcohol syndrome / Realizacja opisu obrazka przez dziesięciolatki z płodowym zespołem alkoholowym

Author(s): Marta Krakowiak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 11/2022

Alcohol consumption by a woman during pregnancy may result in a number of developmental disorders in her offspring, known as (fetal alcohol syndrome – FAS). They relate to, among others, acquisition of language and communication competence problems, manifested, among others, by incorrect articulation, deficits in inflection and syntax, and irregularities in creating narrative forms of expression. The subject of this paper is describing of a picture by ten-year-olds with fetal alcohol syndrome and their peers from a control group. Findings indicate that children with FAS have difficulty using the following procedures: generalization of events, spatiality of description, presentability of events, and characterization of elements of reality. These people, while creating descriptions of pictures, usually do not use formulas that allow to begin a statement and present the content of the described events, introduce individual space plans in a disorderly manner, do not use the right wording, omit many important details related to the characteristics of individual elements of reality and the relationships that occur between them. The abnormalities mentioned above are related to the poverty of content and the abnormal structure of texts constructed by ten-year-olds with FAS.

В новите броеве на списанията на ,,Аз-буки“ четете

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Second Language Acquisition and Some of its Aspects

Author(s): Nadezhda Stalyanova,Elena Krejčová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The goal of our study is to present the issues of second language acquisition. It is an interdisciplinary scientific field that tries to point out the processes that accompany the learning of each additional language (after the first, mother tongue). Special attention is devoted to the role of the first language in relation to second language acquisition, and we juxtapose various perspectives – from accepting the statement that first language influence on the second one is minimal, to the concept of first language influence on the second one in the form of linguistic transfer, which is also the reason for occurrence of a number of errors in the acquisition process. The influence of the first language on the acquisition and afterwards on the use of the second language can be positive, negative, or even zero. Positive influence is manifested by the fact that the practical and theoretical knowledge from the mother tongue, the language habits and skills facilitate the process of acquisition and usage of the next language as a communication tool. Negative influence is manifested at all language levels though the so-called negative transfer or interference – these are the errors occurring as a result of the influence of the first language on the second, and having the characteristics of the first.

Les mots pour rire

Author(s): Bilyana Mihaylova / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

The article examines the origin of the words denoting ‘laugh’ and ‘laughter’ in the Indo-European languages. The semantic changes are analyzed on the basis of the relation ‘A’ > ‘laugh, laughter’, A being the source meaning. The descendants of a single root with primary meaning ‘laugh’ are spread out in several Indo-European languages: the root *smey-. Expectedly, the most common source of the words for laugh are some primary concepts related to different sounds. Other semantic developments that have been found are from words with primary meaning ‘show one’s teeth, make a grimace’, ‘brilliant, joy’, ‘pleasure’ and ‘burst’, the latter giving also rise to expressions such as English ‘burst in laugh’.

Стресът като основен фактор при симултанния превод. Анализ и изследване чрез alive biofeedback

Author(s): Ivanka Sakareva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

This study investigates the impact of stress on twenty interpreters during simultaneous interpreting with objectively measurable parameters recorded using Alive Clinical Version physiological monitoring software, using a Somatic Vision 8-channel GP8 Amp biofeedback system. The purpose of the article is to describe the model developed to functionally investigate stress in interpreters by recording skin conductance levels during simultaneous translation from English into Bulgarian and how stress levels correlate with interpreters English proficiency levels and how stress affects language production during translation. The purpose of testing and implementing this model is to develop individualized protocols to reduce interpreters’ stress. The target group includes 20 undergraduate and postgraduate students studying at the Faculty of Philology of the South-West University of whom 11 are women and 9 are men with at the age of 21 to 37. The study design included measurement of skin-galvanic conductance variability (which is an objective measure of stress level), during rest 1 (start, about 2 min), simultaneous translation (up to 5 min), rest 2 (finish, about 2 min).

Интеракционен анализ на чувствителните епизоди в диалози от системи за изучаване на чужд език (френски и английски): особености на комуникацията в полза на учещите чужд език

Author(s): Magdalena Markova,Kristin Dimitrova-Trendafilova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Study objects are dialogues in French and English language learning systems. Studied are techniques of constructing dialogicity in them and the patterns of verbal behaviour recommended in tense, conflictual or apparently calm situations in which the 'ritual equilibrium' between participants is disturbed. This approach provides an opportunity to become familiar with the functioning of different communicative tools used to overcome difficulties in a real environment. The study draws attention to some cultural and interactional specificities of verbal communication that highlight common attitudes and skills of participants as well as communicative intentions and goals in different situations.

Амиан Марцелин и западноарменският консонантизъм

Author(s): Petar Goliyski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

If not the most essential, but at least the most noticeable difference between the two forms of the modern Armenian language – the Eastern and the Western – is the difference in the pronunciation of a large part of the consonants. In initial position and within the word, the voiceless consonants of Eastern Armenian language have voiced pronunciation in Western Armenian and the voiced consonants of the Eastern Armenian, especially the explosive ones, have voiceless pronunciation in Western Armenian. The devoicing has been already found in Old Armenian texts from the 10th – 11th centuries, but a similar case has been discovered much earlier – in the 7th century, in a text of the so-called ‘Anonymous interpreter’ (Armenian: Անանուն մեկնիչ), a commentator of ‘The Art of Grammar’ of Dionysius Thrax (170 – 90 BC), whose work had been translated into Old Armenian in the 5th century AD. In the commentaries of the Anonymous Interpreter there is an alternating use of the forms bazuk ~ pazuk ~ p'azuk (‘hand, arm’), which suggests that the devoicing of the explosive consonants in the Armenian language was a very old phenomenon. An even earlier and neglected example of devoicing of the explosive consonants in the Old Armenian language (Grabar) could be found in the Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus, a Latin speaking author who worked in the second half of the 4th century. Writing about the events of 368 – 369 AD, Ammianus mentions an Armenian eunuch named Cylaces, which name was a Greco-Latin form of the Syriac-Armenian personal name Glak, but in its Western Armenian pronunciation, Klak. This example not only lowers the timeline of this typical Western Armenian phonetic phenomenon by as much as three centuries, but also supports the existing hypothesis that the devoicing of the explosive consonants in the Armenian language already existed in the preliterate period, that is, before 405 AD.

Щрихи от епистоларната теория за „Доброто Писание“ на „Красни Писма“ в „Славеноболгарский предручний послателник за наставлениe на болгарските юноши“ (1835) от Неофит Бозвели и Емануил Васкидович

Author(s): Maria Mitskova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The hereby offered article points out some strokes from the revival epistolary theory that is presented on the pages of the letter-writing manual “Slavenobolgarskiy predruchniy poslatelnik za nastavleniya na bolgarski yunoshi” (1835) by Neophyte Bozvely nad Emanuil Vaskidovitch. The main target of the following research is the philological insight of the two teachers from Svishtov in the aspects of soundness of language and its stylistic perfection, and their following instructions concerning the writing of good and proper letters. Following the basic beliefs of the European Enlightenment and especially the correlation between the right, the virtuous and the beautiful, Bozvely and Vaskidovitch are constructing their own concept about the language and style of the letter by planting the two principles: “Write good when you do” and “Write just as you speak”. Under the banner of these two absolutes the coauthors introduce the stylistic demands for brevity, simplicity, aptness and beauty of language.

Изследване на синтактичната компетентност при деца с езиково нарушение на развитието

Author(s): Denitsa Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The article presents a study of syntactic competence in primary language pathology, comprising 170 children mastering Bulgarian language. Recruited respondents from the experimental and control groups are divided into three age groups, respectively 35 children between 4 and 5 years, 30 between 5 and 6 years and 20 children in preschool age (6 - 7 years). The first section examines the identified issues from theoretical perspectives. The methodology and objectives of the study are then described step by step and the results are analysed. In the conclusion, in addition to the summary, an attempt is made to outline the main aspects for the design of a future study, which would rely not so much on quantitative data, but on the classical tradition of longitudinal studies, allowing direct qualitative observations on the norm and specific language disorder.

Семейно-медиираната ранна интервенция - естествен комуникативен модел, подкрепящ взаимодействието дете- родител в ранното детство

Author(s): Nikoleta Yoncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

Family-mediated early interventions (FMEI) as a natural communicative model is effective in addressing the needs of children with developmental disabilities and enhancing parents’ competence in supporting parent-child social interactions. The article presents 2019 cross-sectional study conducted in Varna, Bulgaria with 40 parents and 40 children participating. The study aims to explore the relationship between FMEI service use, parental capacity and children’s social functioning and adaptive skills. Results indicated a significant progress in 2–3-year-old children. FMEI prove to be effective and meaningful for parents and their children.

Създаване на жестов речник за подпомагане на комуникацията с глухите хора в кризисни ситуации

Author(s): Slavina Lozanova,Ivelina Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2022

The purpose of the article is to present a methodology for developing a Bulgarian sign dictionary for communication during crisis situations. Linguistic data are extracted according to basic lexicographical principles for creation of sign dictionaries relying on observations on real-life usage of the signs. In specially organized seminars with deaf moderators, carried out in the form of free discussion on the Zoom communication platform, deaf people and users of the Bulgarian sign language are provided with the opportunity to communicate without interference from the Bulgarian verbal language. The extracted data are processed manually on the specialized program ELAN to describe all usage variants of the signs on different topics important for the crisis communication. In its final version, the dictionary contains 600 units and it clearly demonstrates that there is no complete correspondence between the vocabulary units of the Bulgarian verbal and the Bulgarian sign language. There are many key concepts related to crisis communication that have no corresponding signs.

В НОВИТЕ БРОЕВЕ НА СПИСАНИЯТА НА ,,АЗ-БУКИ“ ЧЕТЕТЕ

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

V edycja konferencji naukowej z serii „Bezpieczna Młodzież”– „Młodzież wobec współczesnych zagrożeń. Prawda i fałsz w cyberprzestrzeni”. Wrocław, 13 czerwca 2023 r.

Author(s): Iwona Ładysz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Addressing the Problem of Surplus School Places in a Municipality; Based on a Taxonomy of Educational Objectives

Author(s): Phil Budgell / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

Initially, this paper illustrates the 20% fall between 2001 and 2021 in the population of The Province, The Municipality and within The City. It then goes on to illustrate that, despite an 18% fall in the number of school enrolments between 2011 and 2021, no schools were closed by The Municipality. The paper then indicates the two major problems arising from this lack of intervention: a large number of surplus places and a complex organisation and structure of schools; too many small school, large twoshift comprehensive community schools and problems recruiting specialist teachers. The paper then acknowledges that The Municipality has had no option other than to develop an expensive Funding Formula: the only real solution being to address the cause; i.e., the structure and organisation of the school system.

Войната в Украйна в ракурса на предизборната кампания за 49-ото обикновено народно събрание

Author(s): Boryana Raycheva-Danailova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The crisis in political speech in our country (2022 – 2023) was strongly influenced by the military conflict in Ukraine that officially began on February 26, 2022. The war, which has shaken politics at the international level, has exposed the thick red lines between political entities in Bulgaria, deepening the parliamentary crisis that has reached a state of collapse in the past year and a half. And the media – intentionally or not, became a witness and accomplice to what was happening. The relevance of the chosen topic is dictated by the need to analyze the political speech regarding the military conflict in Ukraine during the election campaign for the fifth consecutive early parliamentary elections in Bulgaria (April 2, 2023). In the analysis, the author refers to the messages from the political formations and the position they take on the war, as well as their media coverage. The positions of media experts are presented. Sociological surveys were also examined, which show the attitude of the voters on the question. The goals of the development are to make an attempt to analyze the behavior of the main political subjects in our country regarding the war in Ukraine, the position they take, as well as the messages they send to the voters; to examine the results of each party’s strategy and how far it was able to influence the election result; to offer a prediction about the future development of the parties (possible and impossible partners) in the perspective of their political speech related to the military conflict. The pre-election campaign for the 49th Ordinary National Assembly was marked by the theme of the war in Ukraine and made it necessary for political subjects to clearly define their position on the conflict both to the voters and to their competitors, but also to future potential partners in the attempt to form a cabinet. In the current uncertain domestic political and international situation, the Bulgarian voter demonstrates the need for clearly stated and categorical positions in which to recognize his convictions.

Изкуственият интелект в здравния PR

Author(s): Gergana Yankov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

What is the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare public relations? How is it reshaping the world of health PR? Is AI a threat to healthcare PR or becoming their indispensable assistant? The purpose of the scientific report is to answer these and other questions regarding the application of artificial intelligence in health public communications. The methods used for the purpose of this report are the analysis and synthesis of data from bibliographic sources, as well as the analysis of the results of conducting a scientific experiment in a digital environment with artificial intelligence of the latest generation. Results. The role of AI in health PR is increasingly tangible and fully imposed in the system of international health care – the chatbot of the WHO in the Viber communication platform is a universal bridge between the Organization and its audiences and provides multi-layered opportunities for awareness on all possible health issues. An identical result is also on Facebook‘s Messenger platform. AI is gradually changing the business environment in every field, including healthcare. AI in the face of ChatGPT is becoming both an assistant to health PRs and a major rival. Discussion. Recent breakthroughs in AI technologies could significantly and permanently transform health PR and how it is implemented. The PR profession is not a disappearing species, as it is associated with a deep thought process, creativity, contacts, and connections with „living” people. These activities are so far beyond the reach of artificial intelligence, yet the best professionals will stand out and remain. The results of the scientific experiment set a direction for striving for anincreasingly accurate representation of health PR specialists in their professional field. Conclusion. ChatGPT can compose relevant texts, slogans, even messages that are highly effective when applied in the practice of health PR. In the foreseeable future, this technological innovation will be further refined. Chatbots as part of the idea of communication through AI is an area where the role of PRs is to carefully consider each message and the logical connection between the messages. The following recommendations emerge for future research on the topic: to monitor the technological progress of AI and to find new niches in health PR activities in which AI finds application.