„Митология“ и „религия“ в латинската християнска литература на IV–V в.

Author(s): Rosen Milanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

Christianity illuminated the world in the age of Antiquity but it differed significantly from the life of the ancient world. The Christian writers of IV–V cc. treat the ancient mythology in a negative way. The present article discusses the characteristics of ancient mythology which were unacceptable from a Christian point of view. Why are the concepts of ‘mythology’ and ‘religion’ opposed in the minds of the Christian writers? Christian literature depicts a different world. What are the characteristics of this world? What demonstrates its realityand veracity? The answers to these questions are given in the article “Mythology and Religion in Latin Christian Literature of IV–V cc.”

O zi din viața unui partisan. Documente privind viața cotidiană a partizanilor anticomuniști din Bucovina 1944 -1958, II

Author(s): Adrian Brișcă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/1994

Aspects of partisan activity are presented by means of official acts, sentences of military courts, written and verbal testimonies, memoirs, reports, interviews with ex-partisans and their supporters. The documents present means of communication, selection of information, contacts with local people and authorities, verbal codes and signals.

Epurarea armatei române. Mecanisme juridice 1944-1945

Author(s): Constantin Lățea,Mihai Retegan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/1994

Laws of the period October 1944-February 1945 were designed to ’’observe the letter of the Convention of Armistice from 12 September 1944”.

Penetrarea comunismului in România

Author(s): Florian Tănăsescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/1994

The documents reveal the penetration of communist ideology in the political thought and practice in Romania Some documents are worth mentioning: the letter of Mihail Gheorghiu Bujor to the Central Political Committee of the Romanian Social Democrat Party, 15 December 1917; the Manifest of the Romanian Internationalist Socialist Fraction in Hungary calling to the autonomy of Transylvania at the end of 1918; the Informative Note signed by A. Grinstein, the president of the Bureau of the Communist Party in Bessarabia and Bukovina, and sent to the Section for Relations with the Comintern. The documents will be published in a separate volume edited by N.I.S.T.

Cazul Manciu Pedeapsă meritată sau act criminal?

Author(s): loan Scurtu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/1994

The documents present the controversial death of the prefect of the police in Iași, Constantin Manciu, killed by Comeliu Zelea Codreanu on 25 October 1924, and the reactions of the Romanian political circles. Different points of views are provided by documents such as C.Z. Codreanu's declaration on 31 May 1924 and the letter sent to king Ferdinand by Radu Mironovici, Tudose Popescu, Hie Gârneață and Ion I. Moța, on 29 May 1924. N.I.S.T will publish the documents in the volume Ideological Origins and the Evolution of the Iron Guard. The Dynamics of Structures: 1919-1930.

A.C. Cuza și doctrina naționalist-creștină

Author(s): Gabriela Dumitrescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/1994

The text throws a new light upon the Nationalist-Christian political discourse. The author used a three-part manuscript available at the Library of the Romanian Academy: l.The Nationalist-Christian doctrine; 2. The analysis of the Nationalist-Christian doctrine; 3. A.C.Cuza's Catechism.

Epurări în administrația de stat - Cazul Prefecturii județului Brașov 1945

Author(s): Claudiu Degeratu,Octavian Roske / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/1994

The documents illustrate three stages in the process of purging official positions in the administration: proposals of the local administration; ministerial decisions and Royal decrees.The authors also selected a few articles published in the local weekly review "Drum Nou", Brașov, January-March 1945. The articles depict the political pressures the Romanian Communist Party used before obtaining total control of power on 6 March 1945.

Epurări din armata română Criterii politice și mijloace de presiune: 1945 -1958

Author(s): Constantin Lățea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1-2/1994

The testimonies of the Romanian officers purged from various political reasons in 1945-1958 are relevant for the understanding of the destiny of a whole professional group in the Romanian society. A wide range of positions, from junior lieutenants of infantry up to chiefs of military missions with a diplomatic role, come up in the selection.

Arhivele și studiul totalitarismului în România

Author(s): Ioan Scurtu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/1993

Ion Scurtu is Director of the State Archives and Head of the Romanian History Department at the University of Bucharest He presents the recent enlargement of the documentary funds.

The Archive of the Documentation Office of the II Corps: Tasks and Challenges

Author(s): Bartosz Gralicki / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2021

The article discusses the mission and character of the Documentation Office of the II Corps and the subsequent fates of its legacy. The Office was tasked with recording and archival-research works, as well as political propaganda toward convincing the Anglophone public opinion that the Soviet Russia was a totalitarian regime. The founders of the Office hoped that this would affect the Western allies’ stance toward the issue of Poland’s eastern border to be discussed at a future peace conference. The surveying campaign carried out by the Office was its most significant completed project. The questionnaires and surveys allowed for systematic collection of accounts given by POWs, internees, labor camps prisoners, and persons deported after 17 September 1939 who joined Anders’ Army. The outcome of the project is more than 30,000 reports of different kinds, which are kept at the Hoover Institution in Stanford, USA. They are a compelling record of the fates of Polish citizens confronted with the reality of Soviet occupation and the USSR.

Литературният кръг „Мисъл“. Литературноисторически очерк с мемоарни елементи

Author(s): Mihail Nedelchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

Борис Николаевич Флоря на 85 години

Author(s): Sergey Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 45/2022

HERMANA, DAWNIEJ JUDY, KRÓTKA OPOWIEŚĆ O NAWRÓCENIU WPROWADZENIE I PRZEKŁAD

Author(s): Wojciech PAWŁOWSKI / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXVIII/2022

This article concerns the Opusculum de conversione sua (Little Work about His Conversion), a Latin work written in the middle of the twelfth century attributed to the convert Herman, known as Judah before his conversion. The first part of this research provides a historical introduction to the textual tradition and to the authorship. Then the historical, literary, theological aspects like medieval religious culture, and the meaning of conversion for medieval Christianity, autobiographical genre, language and message of this work are presented. The second part contains the Polish translation of the Opusculum de conversione sua.

List Olega Sencowa

Author(s): Oleg Sencow / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11-12/2020

Ego-дискурс українського шістдесятництва як зріз епохи вивільненої свободи

Author(s): Lyudmyla Tarnashynska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 9/2022

The article highlights a set of problems of ego-documents (diaries, epistolary, etc. of Ivan Dziuba, Les’ Tanyuk, Ivan Svitlychny, Iryna Zhylenko, Valery Shevchuk, Mykhailyna Kotsyubynska, Svitlana Kyrychenko, etc.) in the discourse of the Ukrainian sixtiers. It is emphasized that these documentary testimonies with a powerful factor of subjective “I” reflect a slice of the era of “liberated freedom”, when the debunking of Stalin’s cult of personality and Khrushchev Thaw led to a new generation of Ukrainian intellectuals, more broadly – of the Ukrainian sixtiers. This was a new stage in the social and socio-cultural transformation of Ukrainian society in the conditions of sub-imperial Ukraine and the attempts of dissidents to free themselves from this enslavement. The open dialogue with a specific addressee or appeals to the addressee of imaginary ego-discourse, the “spiritual situation of the day” is presented because of confession. The period was the middle or second half of the 20th century. The research focus is on the unconquered human self in complex transformational, oft en borderline (further harassment, arrests, exile) conditions.

Edycje akt sejmikowych z terenu Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego

Author(s): Andrzej Rachuba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

The aim of the article is to present the current state of editing sejmiks’ records from the lands of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1566 to 1794. Although the first printed edition of Lithuanian (Vilnius) sejmiks’ resolutions took place as late as the end of the 18th century, in contrast to the lands of the Polish Crown, Polish historians took little interest in them in later centuries. A relatively large number of sejmik records were published in the 19th century by Vilnius Archaeographical Commission, but one should be extremely critical of these editions, as it was clearly commissioned to shape the picture of the Commonwealth (and especially the Grand Duchy of Lithuania) through the prism of political and confessional requirements. For Polish scholars of the past, on the other hand, it was primarily the Polish lands that were important and the situation was not improved by Poland’s regaining of independence in 1918. Therefore, I would like to present the views of some of these historians on the need for such editions (especially at the historians’ congress in Vilnius in 1935), their form and the achievements of editing sejm records in the 19th – 21st centuries, divided into volumes strictly presenting such records (published by the abovementioned Archaeographical Commission), occasional and incidental editions, and the achievements of Russian, Polish, Lithuanian and Byelorussian historiography. What are the already visible effects of the veritable explosion of editions of sejmik records in the last decade and what are the prospects? In which research centres have editing projects been undertaken and what are the teams carrying them out?

Biografia inżyniera Jerzego Budzyńskiego (1892-1979) na podstawie zasobu archiwalnego Instytutu Badawczego Dróg i Mostów

Author(s): Marek Mistewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The article describes the life of Jerzy Budzyński, born in 1892 in Warsaw, a student of the gymnasium branch of the Warsaw E. Konopczyński School, a student of the Belgian University of Liège, and a graduate of the Warsaw University of Technology. Fragments of his unpublished diary show how Polish independence organizations were formed in the early 20th century: the Association of Polish Progressive and Independence Youth “Filarecja”, the Union of Active Struggle, the Riflemen’s Association, and the Polish Military Organization. The content of the justifications for the applications for the threetime decoration of the Cross of Valor document Jerzy Budzyński’s participation in the capture of the Mokotów Airport in Warsaw in November 1918 and the self-sacrificing fight in defense of Łomża against the Soviet III Cavalry Corps of Gai-Khan (Gai Dmitrievich Bzhishkyan), at the end of July 1920. During the interwar period, Budzyński was the head of the Road Traffic Division of the Road Department in the Ministry of Transport, creating conditions for the development of road transport and the construction of modern roads in Poland. After the war, as the head of the Poviat Road Administration in Grójec, he rebuilt roads and bridges, e.g. using bridge structures donated by the United Nations Relief and Reconstruction Administration (UNRRA). Budzyński ended his professional career working at the Central Research and Development Center for Road Technology (currently the Road and Bridge Research Institute) as the manager of the Center for the Scientific, Technical and Economic Information and Documentation, disseminating world achievements in road technology in Poland. Jerzy Budzyński’s personal file has been preserved in the archives of the Road and Bridge Research Institute, containing source documents of great value for research on the history of Poland in the 20th century.

La Pierre Eternelle ou soit La Glaura Augurelli Philosofi Angli. Tajemnice recepty w Księdze kabał królowej Sobieskiej w rękopisie 2284 Biblioteki Jagiellońskiej

Author(s): Ewa Śnieżyńska-Stolot / Language(s): Polish Issue: 67/2022

The article discusses one of the recipes included in manuscript no. 2284 held by the Jagiellonian Library (card 125r-126r), rewritten in French by Maria Kazimiera Sobieska. The manuscript contains various recipes including those gathered and rewritten by the queen widow herself while she was in Rome from 1699 to 1714. The title includes the words La Pierre Eternelle, that is the Philosopher‘s Stone, herafter Glaura Augurelli, which should be understood as the name of the Glaura nymph, a character in the poem titled Chrysopoeia by Giovanni Aurelio Augurello (1441–1524), an Italian poet, mistakenly called Philosofi Angli, due to Augurello’s popularity in this country. These last words were written in the language similar to Polish, which was common in Maria Kazimiera’s writings. The recipe contains a formula for the Philosopher’s Stone, which alchemists considered a means to obtain gold, but was also regarded as a remedy for all diseases. The Chrysopoeia poem describes the Philosopher’s Stone creation process, the mythological history of Lynceus, the participant in the quest for the Golden Fleece, and the Glaura nymph is another name for the Philosopher’s Stone. The discussed recipe, as well as the cabbalistic and numerological works gathered in the manuscript no. 2284 by Maria Kazimiera, contrary to popular opinion, presents her as a person deeply rooted in the elitist mindset of the turn of the 17th c. During her stay in Rome, she, like Krystyna Szwedzka, entered the circle of persons associated with studia humanitatis, and on the 16th September 1699 was admitted to the Accademia dell’Arcadia where she was renamed Amirisca Telea.

150 години от гибелта на Васил Левски. Апостола, историографията и популярната памет през последното десетилетие – три казуса

Author(s): Keta Mircheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 46/2023

Co to jest Naród?

Author(s): Michał K. Pawlikowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2022

Przed wiekiem [XIX w.] zaczęła się w Europie wielka dyskusja dokoła nazwy czegoś, co jakoby wtedy dopiero zostało odkryte, a nawet jakoby wtedy dopiero w ogóle powstało: dokoła problemu narodu. Tymczasem istota narodu była stara jak świat, bez względu na to, jaką miała nazwę – i nie można o niej nawet tego powiedzieć, iż dopiero w XIX w. została odkryta. Prawdą jest tylko, że wiek ten dopiero wysunął na pierwsze miejsce problemy społeczno-polityczne, a wraz z nimi problem narodu.