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Aktywność NGO i FBO na Bliskim Wschodzie na tle innych obszarów Południa

Aktywność NGO i FBO na Bliskim Wschodzie na tle innych obszarów Południa

Author(s): Anna Mrozek-Dumanowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2014

The NGOs or the Independent Citizen’s Organizations are the third – after the state and neo-liberal market structure – oficial sector distinguished by a formal organization. On the positive side of NGOs we could mention the numerous civil initiatives which advance public education and public debate on global affairs. Most NGOs undertook also projects to fight for more equitable distribution of planetary resources. In a postcolonial era some Western observers were of opinion that the sustainable development and the process of democratisation in Developing Countries, could be achieved mainly with the help of NGOs. But in the same time the models of NGOs activities, growing and shaped by the western patterns of economy and culture, were not properly understood and realized in the differentiated cultures of Developing Countries. The end of cold war and growing disappointment with globalization expanded the space for religious renewal. Alongside with the erosion of traditional identities and sources of authority, religion was able to furnish the empty space of people’s sence of security. In comparison with NGOs the religious social organizations, FBOs, have something qualitatively different to offer, particularly in terms of empowering people, e.g. giving them personal dignity and selfworthiness.

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Състояние и тенденции на развитие на висшето педагогическо образование в България
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Състояние и тенденции на развитие на висшето педагогическо образование в България

Author(s): Siyka Chavdarova-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article presents the main characteristics of the development of higher pedagogical education in Bulgaria at the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century. Its content diversity is examined – not only in relation to the teaching profession, but also to other pedagogical specialists being taught in the pedagogical faculties, including in management positions in the field of education. Both the state of development of the three professional directions in the field of higher education Pedagogical Sciences – Theory and Management of Education, Pedagogy and Pedagogy of Training in..., as well as prospects for increasing the quality of training for students – future pedagogical specialists are presented.

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Competitiveness as a Result of Creativity and Innovation
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Competitiveness as a Result of Creativity and Innovation

Author(s): Nikolay Krushkov,Ralitza Zayakova-Krushkova / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The aim of this article is to highlight that critical thinking and creativity generate innovation that is at the core of long-term competitiveness. The creation of culture of critical thinking and creativity should start with the education system – in primary and secondary schools, then it should find its way in science and research activities of institutes and universities, and finally, it should be implemented at all business levels – with the purpose of achieving systemic innovation. It is only in the conditions of a strategic education-science-business synergy, in an environment of promoting critical thinking, creativity and innovation, that long-term competitiveness is possible, which can result in large-scale development of nations, societies and businesses. The achieved level of competitiveness should in its turn be protected against external and internal threats by introducing security measures that include the entire system of physical, technical, information and procedure security, while recognizing and protecting intellectual property and trade secrets. In terms of relevance and methodology, this article reviews existing significant challenges to innovation and competitiveness management; questions are proposed demanding further research in the field of regulations, as regards leading innovation in a global context. Conclusions are drawn about the need of strategic synergy of the priorities of state policies in the fields of science, education and business. It is stated that only coordinated long-term prioritization and planning in economy, science and education, which involves development of focused scientific research in priority sectors (industries) and creation of staff predominantly for these priority sectors of national business development, can ensure long-term competitiveness, sustainability and growth.

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Innovation, Technical Progress and Economic Development
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Innovation, Technical Progress and Economic Development

Author(s): Aleksandar Aleksandrov / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The aim of the article is to show through a theoretical overview that there is an inextricable link between economic growth, technological progress, innovation and intellectual property. This connection has been realized since the dawn of economic science, by economist theorists who, even without mathematical models, and some of them even before a terminological and legal framework covering the matter was created, managed to prove that without innovations and technologization of production and labor skills, it is not possible to achieve sustainable economic growth. The relationship between innovation and economic growth is also depicted through the EC’s innovation development index, where the difference in assessment between the developed economies of the so-called “Western worldˮ and developing, commodity economies.

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Enhancing Economic Security through Intellectual Property
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Enhancing Economic Security through Intellectual Property

Author(s): Dimiter Gantchev / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

Intellectual property has a key role in ensuring national economic security. It is being constantly challenged and multiple risks affect its adequate application. Intellectual property threats need to be addressed on government, company and individual level to tackle serious security risks and prevent damages. The article reviews relevant policies and strategies, which need to be put in place, in view of the adoption of disruptive technologies such as artificial intelligence. It also discusses the elements of a robust and systemic economic model, which would enable monitoring and assessing the risks and multiple dimensions of IP threats in their interaction with the digital environment and infrastructure. Such a model could form and objective basis for evidence-based policy making to enhance national security through intellectual property.

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Development of Bulgarian National Radio (BNR) as Public Media. Opportunities and Perspectives
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Development of Bulgarian National Radio (BNR) as Public Media. Opportunities and Perspectives

Author(s): Hristin Strijlev / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The idea of the present material is to analyze the structure and activity of the Bulgarian National Radio /BNR/ as an important element in the media system of Bulgaria. From this point of view, the good management and the results of the activities of BNR are extremely important to our society. The creation of quality and credible content; timely and accurate information to listeners, educating and entertaining the audience; creation of cultural events through the formations of the BNR; creation of a program for Bulgarians abroad and, accordingly, for foreigners in Bulgaria – all these commitments should be fulfilled by the team of BNR. Analysis of the activity of the individual structures of the BNR and the identification of existing weaknesses are key to making the right management decisions. Namely, these solutions are presented by the author, with an emphasis on the main function of BNR – the creation of quality content and its distribution on all technically existing platforms. Special attention is paid to the national programs “Horizont” and “Hristo Botev”, as well as to the regional programs broadcasting in 9 regional centres. Specific recommendations are given for better organization of the work process to guarantee impartiality and professionalism. The importance of the development of programs in the Internet environment and the prospects for the development of the BNR streaming channels and the corresponding podcasts are emphasized. An important emphasis is placed on the activities of the bands of BNR – orchestras and choirs and their important contribution to the development of culture in Bulgaria. Last but not least, attention is paid to the technical development of radio and the importance of using new technologies to create and distribute content. The ultimate goal is to support the management process of a public media such as BNR and to emphasize how important it is for such a media to be a leader in the development of the media environment in the country.

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Green Trademarks and Sustainability
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Green Trademarks and Sustainability

Author(s): Silviya Todorova / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The new generations of consumers are increasingly aware and demand more and more sustainable products that are friendly to the environment and health in general. Nowadays, most companies know that using trademarks that are associated with the nature, sustainable or healthy goods or services could increase their sales and profit. In recent years, there has been a growing trend in companies using environmentally conscious branding to highlight their commitment to sustainability. This involves terms like “organic”, “green”, “eco”, “eco-friendly”, “sustainable” or related words in the trademarks, including in logos, or slogans to convey their dedication to environmental responsibility. (Palacio 2023) These so-called Green Trademarks could bring sustainability to the company. Green Trademarks could be a way for companies to distinguish their products or services in the market by emphasizing their eco-friendly attributes.

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Digital Cultural Heritage as a Strategic Resource for Innovations
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Digital Cultural Heritage as a Strategic Resource for Innovations

Author(s): Polina Stoyanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

This article explores the role of digital cultural heritage as a strategic resource for fostering innovations across various sectors. Beyond its traditional cultural and historical significance, cultural heritage is recognized as a valuable resource for innovation, necessitating strategic management to unlock its economic potential in the digital era. The article suggests utilizing the intellectual property system to achieve economic realization of digital cultural heritage and foster innovation. The strategic management at the national level is emphasized to yield returns on investments, especially in the digitization of cultural heritage. Recognizing its potential beyond traditional cultural realms, the article emphasizes strategic management to unlock economic value and advocates for innovation in sectors such as education, research, healthcare, and tourism.

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Artificial Intelligence and Its Protection as an Invention
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Artificial Intelligence and Its Protection as an Invention

Author(s): Vladislava Pаcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The subject of this article is artificial intelligence (AI) and its protection as industrial property, more particularly as inventions. It indicates the essence of artificial intelligence and the areas of application of the technology. The protection of the results of AI as inventions is considered, also the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence are presented. The results of the done patent research are analysed. The filed applications for inventions and patents granted in the field of artificial intelligence in a national and international aspect are identified, with conclusions and recommendations for applicant activity in the study area.

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Royalties Payable for Public Performance of Musical Works in Commercial Establishments and Other Public Locations
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Royalties Payable for Public Performance of Musical Works in Commercial Establishments and Other Public Locations

Author(s): Hristin Strijlev / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

This paper discusses: Basic terms in the field of copyright and related rights, author and his basic characteristics and powers and holders of related rights and their powers, as an introduction to the topic; Public performance of musical works as a legal regulation; What, where and how is performed in public; What is the royalty payable for public performance in commercial and other public venues and is such royalty always payable to copyright and related rights holders; Examined are rulings of the ECJ related to the public performance of musical works in commercial and other public locations; Relevant conclusions and recommendations on the subject are made.

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State and Barriers to the Digitalization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Bulgaria
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State and Barriers to the Digitalization of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Bulgaria

Author(s): Boyko Takov / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

In the year 2021, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constituted 99.81% of the total number of enterprises in Bulgaria. The number of individuals employed by SMEs accounted for 74.2% of the entire workforce. These enterprises contributed 66.5% of the overall economy’s added value, and this share has consistently been on the rise. Their development significantly influences the employment rate, overall economic growth, and the prosperity of our nation.Technological advancements and recent crises in recent years have spurred accelerated digitization across all spheres of public life, including business sector. It is increasingly penetrating SMEs in Bulgaria, albeit with a certain lag compared to the EU. There is no doubt that the digitization of SMEs serves as a crucial mechanism for achieving competitiveness and economic success, not only for the enterprises themselves, but also for our country as a whole.Given this context, the objective of this publication is to briefly present the summarized results of an analysis of the level of digitization of SMEs in Bulgaria and the examination of the key factors hindering its further development, serving as barriers to its progress. These findings can be valuable for guiding the efforts of managers and government entities in fostering the advancement of digitization in SMEs.

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Intellectual Property Protection for Integrated Circuits
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Intellectual Property Protection for Integrated Circuits

Author(s): Iskren Konstantinov / Language(s): English Issue: 1s/2024

The intellectual property (IP) protection of integrated circuits (ICs) is of key importance as the semiconductor industry has become a vital part of the advancement of technology and the development of the global economy. This is made clear by the creation of a special IP sui generis right that is meant to protect the layout design of ICs and make them harder to copy. The present article will present an overview of protection of layout designs of ICs and the experience of leading countries in the production of semiconductors. The countries are chosen based on their patenting activity in field which is an indicator of scientific and financial effort of those nations to develop their IC production capabilities.

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Гражданската отбрана – анахронизъм или екзистенциална потребност
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Гражданската отбрана – анахронизъм или екзистенциална потребност

Author(s): Dimo Ginev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

In the context of the deteriorating and explosive security environment, an attempt is made to justify the usefulness of building an efficient system for civil defence, through which the stability of the population and the state can be guaranteed in crises and military-political conflicts. The tasks defined in the second Protocol additional to the Geneva conventions are examined and they are related to the specific responsibilities in the Republic of Bulgaria. Finally, additional current tasks are proposed and three approaches to building the system in the country are underlined.

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Способности или възможности – същност и приложимост
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Способности или възможности – същност и приложимост

Author(s): Kalin Gradev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

The development of this study is induced by the need for determining the meaning of the term capabilities for the military sphere, their essence, as well as the connection with certain elements of their combat power of the formation. The text presents some of the results of the more specific research on the depth of their applicability at all levels of command and control in the Armed Forces.

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ASPECTS FROM COLONIAL HISTORY. A FORMAL RECONCILIATION REGARDING THE AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PEOPLE
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ASPECTS FROM COLONIAL HISTORY. A FORMAL RECONCILIATION REGARDING THE AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PEOPLE

Author(s): Emilia Tomescu,Iuliana Neagoş / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Genocide can take many forms and be justified in many different ways. The cultural genocide that was intended to annihilate the identity of the Aboriginal people in Australia during the 20th century was based on the assumption that these people were visibly “inferior” to those who colonized Australia and thus, had to be “civilized”. It was a process of internal colonialism present in other parts of the world, too, and its intention was to assimilate the ethnic groups of Aboriginal people and integrate them by educating their children by force, in the schools of the white people. To admit the wrongs done, and the injustice of governmental programmes was not an easy task but, in Australia, it happened in 2008 when Prime Minister Kevin Rudd delivered a public speech, which took him a lot of courage, saying officially “sorry” for the “stolen generations; that were affected by the forced removal of children on racial grounds” made fully lawful by the authority. In his speech The Prime minister mentioned they could resolve together all the common problems while preserving the dignity of difference and trying to give Australia a new beginning, a new chapter in looking for a new kind of identity which should include “cultures that provide a unique uninterrupted human thread, linking the Australian Continent the one of the most ancient prehistory of our planet!

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Съвременното изкуство като феномен в ерата на аксиологична несигурност
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Съвременното изкуство като феномен в ерата на аксиологична несигурност

Author(s): Nikolina Deleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

Contemporary art is in a state of value collapse, which is the result of different factors: the process of art and reality becoming one, the influence of information technologies, globalization, and commoditization. On the one hand, the globalizing world finds it increasingly difficult to find intersections, which makes it impossible to establish collective and shared values and norms, and on the other hand, voluntary living in simulated informational realities breaks the connection with reality, leading to living instead in the giant simulacrum of hyperreality. The universal commoditization and the turning of art into a fetish create an anti-cultural situation in which there are no areas left outside of monetary exchange. All these factors influence the erosion of artistic values. The final stage of this process is sacralization through destruction and immortalization through the annihilation of the work of art.

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Изкуствен интелект, фотография и права върху интелектуална собственост
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Изкуствен интелект, фотография и права върху интелектуална собственост

Author(s): Liliya Yotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The entry of artificial intelligence (AI) into every area of economic and social life is already a reality. AI image generation and image processing methods have a huge importance and impact in the field of photography. Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is a technological advancement and opens up new opportunities to expand the creative spectrum. It can be a powerful tool in the hands of professional photographers, but it can also lead to serious economic crises in the photographic creative industry. Today, it is difficult to tell whether an image is AI generated or created by the usual photographic method using light. This fact contributes to the increase of so-called “fake news” and creates a parallel virtual reality. The article examines the intersections between traditional photographic images and AI, but especially actual questions related to intellectual property in this field. By using the methodology of documentary analysis, current problems have been examined and possible solutions have been proposed.

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The Significance of Erasmus+ Mobility in Business Education: an Examination of a Successful Bulgarian-Mexican Collaboration
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The Significance of Erasmus+ Mobility in Business Education: an Examination of a Successful Bulgarian-Mexican Collaboration

Author(s): Lyudmila Mihaylova,Emil Papazov,Diana E. Woolfolk Ruiz / Language(s): English Issue: 3s/2024

The paper discusses the role of the European Union’s Erasmus+ Mobility Programme in improving business education in universities around the world, with only one located in an EU member country. Based on a case study, the importance of matching basic provisions in the internationalization strategies of universities interested in pursuing such collaboration is highlighted. It also examines some of the more significant organizational prerequisites for the practical implementation of the partnership concept, as well as for monitoring and evaluating the outcomes of mobility and other associated joint activities.

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Training of Personnel for Industry 5.0 through University Clubs Following the Example of the University of Ruse
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Training of Personnel for Industry 5.0 through University Clubs Following the Example of the University of Ruse

Author(s): Milena Kirova,Daniela Yordanova / Language(s): English Issue: 3s/2024

Industry 5.0 requires an innovative approach in every area of life, requiring us to think about protecting the environment, creating quality of life and increasing efficiency in industry. Despite the conflicting feelings it arouses in the discussions about the new place of man in the labor market, all experts agree that a qualitatively new approach is needed in the training of personnel who can quickly adapt to emerging changes. The presented research discusses the changes that occur as a result of Industry 5.0 and provides guidance for the training of personnel in higher education institutions through the creation of university clubs, where a direct connection between students, employers and teachers/researchers is made. As a result, a synergistic effect should be obtained from the accumulation of knowledge, skills and competences, which will increase the employability of young people, encourage the development of scientific products dictated by the needs of the industry and increase the competitiveness of partner companies.

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Dynamic Determinated Factors Analysis of Labour Productivity in the Bulgarian Energy Subsector
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Dynamic Determinated Factors Analysis of Labour Productivity in the Bulgarian Energy Subsector

Author(s): Veselin Mitev / Language(s): English Issue: 3s/2024

This article presents a dynamic determined factor analysis of labour productivity in the Bulgarian energy subsector for the period 2013 – 2022. The purpose of this article is to reveal the quantitative influences of the factors operating revenues and number of employed persons on the development of the indicator labour productivity in the Bulgarian energy subsector through the averaged chain substitution method. The quantitative influences of operating revenues and number of employed persons on the deviation of the labour productivity indicator in the energy subsector are outlined. The results of the deterministic factor analysis make it possible to draw reasonable conclusions and to reveal the trends in the development of the factors operating revenues and number of employed persons, as well as the indicator of labour productivity in the Bulgarian energy subsector.

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