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Project (I)solation – Everyday Life and Media Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Ádám Guld / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2020

The pandemic has placed our relationship with digital media in a new context. Regardless of age, the isolation had significant impact on our everyday routines, of which media use has become a constant factor in one form or another. We may have never tried to use so many new applications in such a short time before, as for many of us media was the only connection to the outside world. However, after the quarantine, there are several questions that may arise following the extreme situation. Were we captured or rather liberated by the online media? What did we learn about online life and our relationship with the media during the epidemic? How could the digital generation adapt itself to the new circumstances? What challenges and problems did Generation Z face during the quarantine? How have young people’s daily routines, media use patterns, news consumption, learning and/ or working habits changed? How about their general attitudes towards the media and their effects on them? In the study below, I seek answers to these questions based on the results of an international, interdisciplinary research project called TOGETHER initiated by the University of Pécs (Pécs, Hungary) and Hochschule für Kommunikation und Gestaltung (Stuttgart, Germany).

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Museums and Online Spaces. The Society-Building Role of the Museums during the Pandemic

Author(s): András Vajda / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2020

In the past more than six months, not only the cultural institutional network but also all of humanity has entered in a peculiar existential state. All that was previously commonplace, accepted, or natural has become in many ways impossible or, in some cases, even illegal. In the last period, we could also witness the changes regarding museums and museum environments, and we ourselves, who inhabit/use the spaces of the museums, have also changed. These changes affect the frameworks of representation and reception as well as our habits of viewing and interpretation. The pandemic has caused in museum practice a backward step towards a previous practice. Museums have suddenly re-become archives preserving objects and meanings, and it will take time for them to recollect themselves and start searching for solutions.

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The Psychology of Inclusion on New Media Platforms and the Online Communication

Author(s): András Zelena / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2020

Following the tabooistic and rejective attitude of the 20th century, in the processing and announcement method of the 21st century, there is is a growing emphasis on sharing various life events on the platforms of new media (Web 2.0). Such platforms can be social media sites or one of the file or video sharing pages or blogs. In addition to presenting user habits shaped by the COVID pandemic, which have temporarily changed the online communication, I aim to answer the question of how new media (Web 2.0) becomes the platform of communal loss for users of different ages, genders, social statuses, and diverse Internet usage habits and socialization. I attempt to present the comprehensive picture of the transformation of personal loss into communal grief experience on the different platforms of new media and what supportive acts help the person who shares his/her loss experience in the processing of the events. By means of feedback (reactions, comments, replies with different emoticons), the user’s loss experience “expands” into communal loss experience. In the present research paper, the findings of the international discipline are only applied to Hungary (its current population is 9.6 million), a Central Eastern European country where, according to a representative study published in 2015, there are 5 million Facebook users.

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The Branding Power of Szeklerland. Online Place Branding Tendencies and Identity-Forming Efforts in Szeklerland

Author(s): Zsolt Barbócz / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2020

Destination branding has always been a complex question. This is especially true if we are talking about Szeklerland as a historical, cultural, and ethnic region, which can be defined in the easiest way through Covasna, Harghita, and Mureş counties of Romania. A well-structured brand in a region can help with its economic development and search for identity, so it is worth looking into branding activities in the region. Despite Szeklerland’s strong identity and reputation, the discourse is extremely divided between Romanian and Hungarian people. There are plenty of brand owners in the region without central management and coherence. There are plenty of amateur and corporate initiatives that are generally poorly organized and serve individual economic purposes. In addition, politicians also play an active role in forming these processes. Although the regional and tourism development strategies of the counties of Szeklerland are similar, and it can be said that the stakeholders are open to the cooperation between the three counties, there were only partial results of regional-level collaboration. The paper follows the activities of online promotional initiatives about Szeklerland and the larger territorial units influencing the region, such as Romania and Transylvania, and the branding narratives created during them.

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Global Stars on Local Screens: BTS and Its “Army”

Author(s): Rozália Klára Bakó / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2020

This research note is aimed at exploring the opportunities and challenges faced by teenagers living in an underprivileged region in Romania as fans of an internationally popular K-pop band. We used desk research and netnography to explore similarities and differences between the local and international BTS (Bangtan Sonyeondan) fandom, also called “Army”. Which are the barriers a Hungarian “Army” from Romania encounters when engaging with their idols? What is the role of K-pop in opening up the language and cultural bubble in which Hungarian youth in rural Romania live?1 The innovative element in our empirical research is the focus on family context: we interviewed both BTS fans and their parents in order to assess to what extent is K-pop in general and BTS in particular part of their daily lives. With its limitations as a small-scale qualitative analysis, such research can give insights into fan studies from a comparative perspective.

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Same Place, Different Bicycles. The Etic and Emic Perspectives of Digital Life in Hungary

Author(s): András Müllner / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2022

The aim of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of the discursive mediatized image of the digital environmental subject. An ambivalent element of the neo-developmental language of digital life is the “digital divide”, which often takes ideological form when it constitutes the (non-)digital Other on the other side of the digital world, in the rigid binaries of centre–periphery. Of course, nothing illustrates the inequalities in access to digital and non-digital goods better than global crises such as the coronavirus epidemic, where the disparities between the living conditions (e.g. learning opportunities)of privileged and disadvantaged areas are widening, and this is one of the proofs of the existence of the digital divide. The school, which is the ideological state apparatus responsible for the reproduction of the subject as a basic productive force, became dysfunctional in different ways indifferent countries of the world, including Hungary, during the epidemic. In the latter, the epidemic has, according to many trusted research studies, further increased the backlog of disadvantaged and/or Roma students, and thus their segregation. Although it seems certain that the most important condition for the sustainability of digital life, and with it of the state, is there-creation of digital environmental subjects through the education of digital literacy and critical-reflexive media use, the state seems to be abandoning these social groups in this respect; in their case, the interpellation value of digital education, or more precisely the lack of digital education, is the deterrence from learning. In the analytical part of the paper, I compare two media materials to highlight the possibility of a different narrative, coexisting with the negative trend briefly described above. These two items construct two images of digital environmental subject, and by analysing the differences between them, I would like to demonstrate that the hierarchy of centre–periphery can be made relative through the (non-)digital Other’s emic and critical self-repositioning, facilitated by participatory research.

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Remote Work Leadership

Author(s): Ivaylo Iliev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Not a small part of business processes are strongly affected by the changes occurring as a result of digitalization. This article traces the importance of remote work and the increasing opportunities for it. The main goal of the paper is to explore and expose the main changes in leadership behavior caused by digital technologies, as well as to analyze the advantages and challenges they present for organizations. Different conditions require different approach and the issue of leadership in such conditions is reviewed. The factor of communication, as a precondition for leadership behavior in digital environment is considered as well. Data from studies related to the affected topics are presented. Basic opinions related to the new requirements for leaders in a digital environment are also summarized. Data from a research conducted related to the considered aspects are presented and conclusions are drawn.

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EFL Pre-service Teachers' Open Internet Reading Processing and Its Implication for Teaching: A Guided Think-Aloud Study

Author(s): Anita Fatimatul Laeli,Slamet Setiawan,Syafi'ul Anam / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The mixed-method study explores EFL pre-service teachers' cognitive processes during open Internet reading in the teaching practice. The data were analyzed through t-test and think-aloud protocol (TAP). The quantitative findings indicated that the participants in the TAP group performed better in reading performance than the non-TAP’s. The qualitative results indicated that the TAP group applied their reading processing through problem identification, selection, and elaboration.

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Self-Presentations: Digitally Mediated Social Presence, Body Dissatisfaction and Shame, and Ideal Beauty Standards

Author(s): Luminiţa Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The purpose of this study is to examine face-perfecting filters and filtered self-presentation in relation to physical appearance and attractiveness. In this article, I cumulate previous research findings indicating that beauty filters in terms of thin-ideal imagery articulate body image disturbance, social comparisons, and poor appearance satisfaction. I contribute to the literature on unattainable appearance ideals and body image concerns in visual social media by showing that augmented reality-based beauty apps configure body image concerns, negative distorted self-perceptions, low self-esteem and self-image, and body appearance dissatisfaction. Throughout May 2022, I performed a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases, with search terms including “image editing tools for visually appealing self-presentations” + “digitally mediated social presence,” “body dissatisfaction and shame,” and “ideal beauty standards.” As I inspected research published between 2019 and 2022, only 155 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. By removing controversial findings, outcomes unsubstantiated by replication, too imprecise material, or having similar titles, I decided upon 21, generally empirical, sources. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AXIS, Dedoose, MMAT, and SRDR.

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Augmented Reality Face Filters for Unrealistic Physical Appearance and Beauty Images: Contextual Visual Meanings, Negative Thoughts and Behaviors, and Social Interactions and Comparisons

Author(s): Ramona Mihăilă / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

In this article, I cumulate previous research findings indicating that social traits and behaviors, thin-idealized beauty, body-image affective judgments, and unrealistic physical appearance develop on digitally networked images and biometric data. I contribute to the literature on normative beauty standards, idealized and unrealistic body imagery, media-induced body dissatisfaction, digital self-expression, and digital self-representation by showing that idealized appearance-focused media and edited and retouched images optimize emotional wellbeing, beauty ideal internalization, and social expectations and pressures. Throughout May 2022, I performed a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases, with search terms including “augmented reality face filters for unrealistic physical appearance and beauty images” + “contextual visual meanings,” “negative thoughts and behaviors,” and “social interactions and comparisons.” As I inspected research published between 2017 and 2022, only 162 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. By removing controversial findings, outcomes unsubstantiated by replication, too imprecise material, or having similar titles, I decided upon 33, generally empirical, sources. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AXIS, Dedoose, MMAT, and SRDR.

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Distanța și distanțarea în spațiile urbane publice în perioada pandemiei de Covid-19

Author(s): Angelica Ionela Stan,Andra Panait / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 14/2022

Distance has insinuated itself into our lives and has turned into a very present “character” of the times we live in. We have become not only more suspicious but also more cautious with regard to consumption, occupancy, and communication in public spaces, viewing them through the filter of distancing. The transformations of the physical and mental distance imposed at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic are correlated with those induced by the widespread use of communication technology and geospatial location. Cities are now “impregnated” with a new behavioural dimension in relation to distance, which seems to be the same for all, but is in fact unique to each of us.A new type of relationship is developing from the way in which multiple hybrid forms of distance are appearing between the social distancing imposed by the authorities to limit the spread of the pandemic and the mental, escapist distance facilitated by the permanent use of technology. For architecture, distance is a foundation both for the conception and for the design of urban space. However, distance is also one of the factors that decisively influence the experience of urban space, and the pandemic has made even more obvious the fact that architecture does not exist in the absence of perception and of its direct use by humans. This paper shows the architects’ reaction to the reigning spatial dystopia and the way in which a new type of “distance-behaviour-proximity” acts through different instances as an active multi-layered ingredient of everyday urban life that influences its quality. The main landmarks of the new spatial language of distance and distancing in cities are presented, showing that distancing as a postpandemic phenomenon has affected and continues to affect people’s behaviour and perceptions and that it also influences architects in reconsidering distance as a conceptual tool in the design of the built environment.

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EXPOSING THE ROOTS OF DISINFORMATION ABOUT NATO ENLARGEMENT

Author(s): Iryna Bohinska / Language(s): English Issue: 01 (30)/2023

While the use of disinformation as a weapon has always existed, the development of information and communication technologies has greatly simplified it in modern armed conflicts. The topic of NATO enlargement has been significantly overblown with false reports, although it has had its dossier of false information refutation. It is widely perceived as an irritant in NATO-Russia relations. To understand the essence of Russian-Ukrainian relations, the topic of “NATO enlargement” is a false context used as a separate type of disinformation.

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ACCESS TO OFFICIAL INFORMATION FOR COUNTERING DISINFORMATION: KEY FINDINGS AND STEPS FOR UKRAINIAN POLICY MAKERS

Author(s): Tetyana Oleksiyuk / Language(s): English Issue: 01 (30)/2023

During 2011-2021, Ukraine developed comprehensive legislation on access to official information, and implemented it according to the best international democratic standards. However, during the war, access to official information has been partly limited due to reasons of national security, despite the fact that this democratic instrument is an effective tool to counteract disinformation. It is important now for the government and policymakers to find a well-balanced approach between enhancing national security and ensuring free flow of access to official information, to make sure that accurate and trustworthy official information is not replaced with fake. This article is aimed at defining the role that access to official information can play in counteracting disinformation, and what steps all the stakeholders can take towards a better-informed society

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Соціально-комунікаційний простір: тенденції, медіа, рефлексії війни

Author(s): D. S. Fayvishenko,Ye. V. Shkurov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 52/2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of issues of peace and war in the media discourse, the analysis of media reflections on the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the study of social communications in the conditions of war, in particular the realities of journalism, advertising and PR, the understanding of the infodemic, information wars and the struggle of narrative discourses, the development of media education and media culture, the discussion of innovations in the training of specialists in the field of social communications.

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ФОРМУВАННЯ ЦИФРОВИХ ФІНАНСОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ТА ЇХ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ У ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ТУРИСТИЧНОГО Й ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОГО БІЗНЕСУ

Author(s): Larysa Marmul,Bohdan Chornyi,Valentyn Penkovsky / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 55/2022

The subject of the study is the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of digital financial instruments and financial support based on them for the activities of tourist and hotel and restaurant enterprises in the conditions of the digital economy and electronic commerce as the most promising segment of the modern service market in the conditions of restrictions on direct contacts and the movement of people due to measures to combat with the pandemic, military actions and to improve the personal safety of people. The purpose of the article is to determine the main factors of the formation of digital financial instruments and their components, as well as to identify their properties, possible risks, and to substantiate the future prospects of their use in the activities of tourist and hotel and restaurant enterprises. The methodological basis of the article is the methods of: system-structural analysis and synthesis (when establishing the set of factors and the level of influence on digital financial instruments; determining the composition and structure of the digital economy, electronic commerce, digital finance; historical and monographic (for comparing traditional and digital financial instruments; when identifying the stages of development, sectoral and territorial spread of the introduction of digital financial instruments); statistical and economic (to establish and analyze quantitative indicators of the state, problems, trends and prospects of the development of digital financial instruments; the effectiveness of their use in the activities of tourist and hotel and restaurant enterprises). Results of the article. It was determined that financial instruments can be conditionally divided into traditional and digital. They have similar content, functions and properties, but different areas of manifestation, advantages, disadvantages and risks. At the same time, the use of digital financial instruments allows to significantly save the time of entrepreneurs and consumers of services or products; cash; simplifies administration and, as a result, increases the profitability of enterprises, in particular, tourist and hotel-restaurant enterprises. Field of application of results. The results of the article can be applied in the work of financial institutions, enterprises and organizations; activities of individuals; scientific and educational process and administration of institutions of higher education. Conclusions. Indispensable users of digital financial instruments are supranational financial institutions and states; insurance and banking and financial institutions; pension, investment and hedge funds; enterprises, corporations, industrial and financial groups; individuals. This testifies to the wide possibilities of their application, including in the field of tourism and the hotel and restaurant industry in order to increase business profitability by saving time, premises and other means of providing and carrying out financial activities; provision of convenience and economic benefits to consumers and partners; optimization of business processes and administration of activities in general; promotion of innovation, investment and integration processes

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Episcop al Hușilor, „Mintea isihastă şi filocalică” în gândirea teologică a lui Calist Katafyghiotul (Angelicoude)

Author(s): Ignatie Trif / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 9-12 Suppl/2022

In the present study we propose to analyse a truth of the isihastic spirituality, which tells us that the mind (nous) is philocalic in nature. This truth is entrusted to us by St. Calistus Katafygiotus/Angelicoude. According to the theological thought of this leading philocalic author of the Churchʹs neoptic tradition, the mind is philocalic, because it is ʺthe prefatiguing icon of the Absolute Beauty beyond thoughtʺ and ʺloves very much to look by turning towards its Cause, since, as has been said, looking there it sees and surpasses itselfʺ. Given that the seismograph of contemporary society indicates a strong split at the societal level, but also at the level of personal life, the way out of this whirlpool of fragmentation and inner disunity can certainly be provided by an isihastic spirituality, which has as its central axis the union of mind and heart in the graceful communion with God-The Trinity, the authentic source of human unity as a spiritual reality, created in His image and likeness. One of the Philocalic and Isihastics Fathers, whose writings constitute a powerful antidote to this fragmentation and splitting of mind and heart, is St. Callistus Katafygippus/Angelicoude, on whom we will dwell in this text.

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Poate fi internetul un spațiu al promovării isihasmului? Aporii catehetice pentru mileniul al III-lea

Author(s): Liviu Vidican-Manci / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 9-12 Suppl/2022

The hesychia, by definition, is an expression of inner peace and high prayer. The Internet is a realm of the many, the uncontrollable and the fragmented, a specific ecosystem that does not „per se” exclude the possibility of making known the teaching of Christ and His Church. The present study aims to index the topic of isihasm in the virtual environment, how 'search engines' generate results on this search, their authenticity, and the quality of the first three suggestions for the keywords: „hesychasm, Carpathian hesychasm, prayer of the heart". We aim to answer questions such as: Is hesychasm a topic of interest to Internet users? On the other hand, we will try to answer the question of how to make the most of the information made available by the new means of communication on the subject of hesychasm in the catechetical laboratory? How is it possible to live hesychastlly in a chaotic, crowded and hyper-informed world? How irreconcilable is the pair isihasm-virtual space?

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Study of a Relationship between the Criteria for Selection of the Transport Technology for the Passengers Carriage using the Dematel Method

Author(s): Svetla Stoilova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

This study defines criteria and sub-criteria for evaluation of the transport technology for carriage of passengers by railway and road transport. The main criteria are divided into four groups: business, environmental, social and technological, named BEST analysis. Twenty-four sub-criteria have been examined. The method of multi-criteria analysis Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) has been applied to analyse importance and the relations between the criteria. Results show that e criteria of the great importance are business group (29.47%) and technological group (27.49%). The sub-criteria: transport costs for fuel (7.83%); ticket price (8.29%); time travel (6.99%); directness (6.47%) and direct operating costs (6.30%) are the most important. The defined criteria and subcriteria can be applied for evaluation, comparison and selection the transportation variant.

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Application the Single Difference Technique in Aircraft Positioning Using the GLONASS System in the Air Transport

Author(s): Kamil Krasuski / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The article presents the possibility of using the Between Satellite Single Difference method (BSSD) in the precise determination of the aircraft position in the Global Navigation Satellite System GLONASS navigation system. The paper presents the mathematical model of the BSSD method, describes the research test and presents the results of conducted examinations. The research test was conducted within the implementation of the GLONASS satellite technique in air navigation. The test research uses the actual GLONASS navigation data registered by the Topcon HiperPro receiver, mounted onboard a Cessna 172 aircraft. Obtained findings of the research work are interesting from the perspective of implementation of the GLONASS satellite technique in aviation. It should be emphasized that standard deviations of the determined position of the Cessna 172, using the BSSD method, do not exceed 2m. The article also determines the accuracy of a position of the Cessna 172 in the GLONASS solution with reference to a solution in the GPS navigation system.

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The Impact of Supply Chain Imbalances on the Defense Industry

Author(s): Alexandra Carmen Bran,Gabriela Ioana Enache / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Supply chain is a critical network in today’s economy to ensure that manufacturers and other businesses make the most of their profits. In a volatile market environment, companies must be concerned about the flow of goods. This is especially true in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, which was triggered by the outbreak of violence between Russia and Ukraine. The war also brought sanctions against Russia, which severely impacted the defense industry supply chain. The article examines the current state of the global supply chains during wartime, while also discussing management implications and suggestions for improving the supply systems, such as with blockchain technology. This research is based on information analysis of the current global supply chain and aims to propose solutions to reduce the risk for the defence industry.

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