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Empowerment Perceptions of Employees in Hotel Enterprises

Author(s): Şenol Çavuş,Cüneyt Tokmak,Nasiykat Mambetova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The concept of empowerment, which is applicable for any social group that the person belongs to, is an essential phenomenon for continuity and success of the organization. The main purpose of this study is to determine the empowerment perceptions of employees in hotel industry. The research was conducted in four and five star hotels that operate in the city of Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, and 170 employees were reached at those hotels. Empowerment perceptions of the employees were measured using the scales “Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, CWEQ-II” and “Psychological Empowerment Scale, PES”. As a result of factor analysis made on the scales, it was observed that structural empowerment and psychological empowerment perceptions were grouped into three sub-dimensions. And in comparisons based on demographic factors; it was observed that perceptions of empowerment have clearly differentiated according to level of education, level of income, hotel class, tourism education position, employee position.

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Örgütsel Adaletin Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışına Etkisi: Savunma Sektöründe Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Alptekin Sökmen,Serkan Şahal,Metin Söylemez / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2015

Under the intense competition conditions of our era, the real power that businesses need to survive, stands out as the quality of human resources working within the business instead of the financial resources they have. And in parallel with this, the concepts of organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior take place as two of the most popular topics of organizational behavior by means of their positive effect on employee productivity and due to the importance and value they have on subjects of ensuring the organizations’ adaptation to changes in business environment. The main goal of the present study is to determine whether or not perception of organizational justice affect employees’ organizational citizenship behavior. In accordance with these stated purposes, developement of managerial strategies that increase levels of employees’ organizational citizenship behaviors by organizing and improving the structure of organizational justice in businesses is intended. Under this study carried out in defence sector company on 341 employees, according to the results of correlation analyses between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior, it has been determined that there are statistically positive and meaningful correlations between all the dimensions of these two concepts. In addition, according to the analyses which are carried out with Structural Equation Modelling, it has also been found that employees’ distributive justice perceptions positively affect conscientiousness, sportsmanship and courtesy dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior.

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The Effect of Mobbing on Burnout Syndrome at Workplace: An Application on Health Staff in Turkey

Author(s): Ayça Hatice Türkan,İbrahim Kiliç / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

People feel themselves inadequate, desperate and have problem of social isolation as a result of mobbing and occupational burnout in working places. Thus it threats life, health and productivity of people. Mobbing and occupational burnout are common problems in health sector. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of mobbing and occupational burnout of health staff and to reveal the influence of mobbing on occupational burnout. As the way of collecting data, a questionnaire consisting of Leymann and Maslach scales was used. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis.

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Algılanan Örgütsel Destek, Örgütsel Özdeşleşme ve Yönetici Etik Davranışı İlişkisi: Araştırma Görevlilerine Yönelik Araştırma

Author(s): Alptekin Sökmen,Emre Burak Ekmekçioğlu,Kamil Çelik / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2015

The aim of this research is to study the relationships between perceived organizational support, organizational identification and manager’s ethical behaviors. In this context, study was performed on 300 research assistants who work in different public universities which are institutionalized and demonstrate high academic performance in Turkey. According to the findings, there is a positive and significant relationship between perceived organizational behavior and organizational identification; there is a positive and significant relationship between perceived organizational behavior and manager’s ethical behaviors and there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational identification and manager’s ethical behaviors.

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Yönetici Etik Davranışlarının Sınır Birim Çalışanlarının Motivasyon ve İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi: Adana’da Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Alptekin Sökmen,Emre Burak Ekmekçioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2013

Like manufacturing companies, hotels implement several strategies in order to satisfy consumers’ needs and wants. These strategies play critical roles in the context of unique characteristics of hotel services and interaction between boundary spanning role employee and consumer, when they are examined from the service firms’ perspectives. Having outlined this basic information, managerial ethical behaviors are assumed to depict relationships with front-line employees’ motivation and job satisfaction. In light of the aforementioned information, this study aims to make boundary spanning role employees assess the managerial ethical behaviors. Therefore, Managerial Ethical Behavior and Job Satisfaction Survey was conducted with 836 front-line employees in four and five star hotels in Adana. The reliability and validity dimensions of the scale were taken into consideration so as to be capable of obtaining reasonable results and making contribution to the related literature. Frequency tests and means were employed, and regression analysis was used to investigate the effect of managerial ethical behavior on employees’ motivation and job satisfaction. Managerial ethical behavior has positive effects on both employees' motivation and their job satisfaction. And as expected, employees motivation has positive and moderate effect on their job satisfaction in the subject 4 and 5 Star hotel companies.

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Mezinárodní organizace práce - její současné problémy a perspektivy

Author(s): Irena Píchová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/1996

The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a significant entity focused on protecting workers and addressing social issues globally. Established in 1919, its core principles, structure, and functions have remained largely unchanged. The ILO operates on a tripartite system involving governments, employers, and workers, ensuring diverse representation in decision-making. Its main goals include safeguarding fundamental human rights, improving living and working conditions, and promoting full employment. The organization adapts to new challenges arising from technological, economic, and social changes, emphasizing operational programs and educational activities. The ILO's conventions and recommendations form the backbone of international labor standards, aiming for universal applicability while allowing flexibility for national specificities. The ILO also monitors the implementation of these standards through various control mechanisms, including regular reports and complaint procedures. Despite challenges, the ILO continues to strive for social justice and equitable labor practices worldwide.

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Klinická část právnického studia ve Spojených státech

Author(s): Michael P. Seng / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/1996

The document discusses the evolution of legal education in the United States, highlighting the transition from traditional methods to more practical approaches. Initially, law studies were dominated by the case method, developed at Harvard in the 19th century, where students read court decisions and were tested on them. Over time, the need for practical skills led to the establishment of legal clinics, where students could gain hands-on experience by representing real clients under supervision. These clinics became essential for preparing students for legal practice, especially in addressing social issues and providing legal aid to the underprivileged. Despite initial skepticism from courts and traditional law faculties, legal clinics proved their value by offering high-quality representation and practical training. The document also notes the financial challenges of running these clinics and the importance of integrating clinical work with classroom learning to enhance students' education.

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Impactul Pilonului II asupra veniturilor angajatilor din industria IT

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Impactul Pilonului II asupra veniturilor angajatilor din industria IT

Author(s): Laura Pocea,Luminița Fășie / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 6/2023

The second half of 2023 was marked, from a tax perspective, by a series of debates on the proposed legislative changes, which have an impact on various sectors of activity and on several categories of individuals and legal entities. These debates became a reality with the publication in the Offi cial Journal of Romania, at the end of October 2023, of Law no. 296/2023 on some fi scal-budgetary measures to ensure Romania's long-term financial sustainability. The legislation also includes changes to the specific provisions on tax facilities for IT employees. These will remain exempt from tax only for incomes up to 10,000 lei. Moreover, for incomes up to the same amount, employees are also exempt from paying contributions to Pillar II pension funds. Details of the performance of private pension funds are presented further in the article, as well as an estimate of the impact of a decision now on the empoyee's future pension, depending on whether the employee decides to contribute monthly to Pillar II or to cash in the corresponding amounts.

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Analiza impactului inovației produselor digitale și al specialiștilor în resurse umane asupra intenției de utilizare a inteligenței artificiale în sistemul financiar-bancar

Author(s): Nicoleta-Valentina Florea,Gabriel Croitoru,Georgiana Radu (Cârstea),Daria Florea / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2024

Artificial Intelligence in the banking system is constantly developing, especially among young customers. Innovation of digital products has an important role in the use of banking services, but human resources specialists in the banking system also have such a role, due to their expertise, knowledge and involvement in explaining the benefits of using Artificial Intelligence and digital products in the banking financial system. In this article, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to show the impact of internal variables (the role of human resources specialists in the banking system) and external variables (Artificial Intelligence and innovation of digital products), TAM-specific PU and PEU, on the intention to continue using Artificial Intelligence in the banking financial system. The results indicated that innovative digital products and the role of human resources in the use of Artificial Intelligence, PU and PEU have a positive and direct impact on the intention to use Artificial Intelligence in the financial system. All research hypotheses have been fulfilled, indicating that Artificial Intelligence has an important role in the Romanian banking financial system among young consumers. The paper contributes to the development of the banking financial system by using Artificial Intelligence, highlighting the importance of human resources, TAM and PLS-SEM specialists in this field.

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STRENGTHENING INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR: THE ROLE OF SUPPORTIVE CLIMATE AND ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY

Author(s): Hasan ROZAK,TASWAN TASWAN,Anwar MANSYUR,Olivia FACHRUNNISA / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This study explores how to achieve innovative behavior in Indonesian SMEs in the culinary and craft sectors. We conducted a literature review and collected data from 372 SME owners. Using SEM analysis, we found that a supportive climate positively impacts both potential and realized absorptive capacity, which in turn positively impacts innovative behavior. The study’s findings contribute to social exchange theory and have implications for SME sector organizations. Limitations include the data collection method, sample size and selection, research objective, cross-sectional design, and self-reported data. Future research could address these limitations and investigate other organizational factors that may influence innovative behavior in SMEs

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»Konkurzi, samomor, žalosten je pogled na trgovsko polje.« Gospodarski polom kot vzrok za samomor na Slovenskem pod Avstro-Ogrsko in prvo Jugoslavijo

Author(s): Ivan Smiljanić / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2023

Material security is one of the basic conditions of human existence. Its absence can lead to many problems and is accompanied by a social stigma that used to be stronger in the past than today. A difficult situation can lead to suicide. In the Slovenian territory, suicides of merchants and entrepreneurs were a well-known phenomenon as early as the 19th century, while people who merely found themselves in financial difficulties or lived in poverty committed suicide even more frequently. Accurate statistics regarding the number of suicides due to economic reasons are not available for the Slovenian territory, which is why newspapers represent the primary source for researching this issue. However, the press was inaccurate, sensationalistic, and amateurish in its suicide reports and psychological descriptions of the deceased. Over time, the descriptions of suicides and injuries also became more graphic. During the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Kingdom of SCS, and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, several economic scandals broke out that resulted in suicides, which were widely reported in the press. Suicides for economic reasons increased especially during times of economic adversity, such as the crisis during the Vienna stock market crash in 1873, the monetary crisis before World War I, the deflationary crisis of the mid-1920s, and the Great Depression of the 1930s.

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Determinants of labour force migration: Evidence from the Western Balkans

Author(s): Atdhetar Gara,Besnik Fetai / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This paper empirically analyses the determining factors of the growth in the migration ratein the countries of the Western Balkans. The analysis is carried out with panel data over 17 yearsfrom 2005 to 2021. The purpose of this paper is to analyse social variables such as unemploymentand standard of living, and political variables such as corruption, political stability, governmenteffectiveness, rule of law and the level of corruption in the migration of citizens. For this purpose,we employ different econometric models and techniques such as OLS, OLS robust fixed andrandom effects models, and GMM (generalized method of moments). The study’s findingsdemonstrate that high levels of unemployment in the Western Balkan region are the primarycause of the surge in migration; thus, large levels of labour force migration are also presentin these countries. The findings also show that variables related to the political situation havestatistical significance in reducing migration. The paper does not find a statistically significantinfluence of the level of corruption on migration. The recommendations for the countriesof the Western Balkan region are to create long-term sustainable employment policies andincrease wages as preventive measures for migration.

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Psychological traits and wages in the Czech Republic

Author(s): Jiří Balcar,Pavlína Vydrželová,Lenka Johnson Filipová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Psychological traits have received significant attention in labour market research in recent decades. Unfortunately, empirical evidence remains limited for some psychological traits and their interactions. To address this gap, we conduct a representative survey of employees, assessing competitiveness, persistence, and risk tolerance using single-item scales. This comprehensive study sheds light on the connection between these traits and wages. Our results confirm that individuals possessing these traits tend to earn higher wages, even when we account for indirect factors, such as higher educational attainment and better job positions. It also suggests that competitiveness and risk tolerance are particularly valuable for individuals with middle and high incomes, while persistence is valuable for those with low and middle incomes. These findings support the systematic development of competitiveness, persistence, and risk tolerance through education and sporting activities.

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WEB БАЗИРАНА СИСТЕМА ЗА ПОДБОР НА КАДРИ

Author(s): Dimitar Minchev,Stefani Vekirova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

This publication presents the development of a web-based recruitment system – Bee Hired, which will enable employers and candidates to use it freely according to their wants and needs and also to be a new solution created with newer technologies and a more modern look. The recruitment system will be mostly an online web application in which job seekers will be able to apply for a job corresponding to their interests, ambitions and qualifications.

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The Fairness Stitch: A Novel Approach for Neural Network Debiasing

Author(s): Modar Sulaiman,Kallol Roy / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The pursuit of fairness in machine learning models has become increasingly crucial across various applications, including bank loan approval and face detection. Despite the widespread use of artificial intelligence algorithms, concerns persist regarding biases and discrimination within these models. This study introduces a novel approach, termed “The Fairness Stitch” (TFS), aimed at enhancing fairness in deep learning models by combining model stitching and training jointly, while incorporating fairness constraints. We evaluate the effectiveness of TFS through a comprehensive assessment using two established datasets, CelebA and UTKFace. The evaluation involves a systematic comparison with the existing baseline method, fair deep feature reweighting (FDR). Our analysis demonstrates that TFS achieves a better balance between fairness and performance compared to the baseline method (FDR). Specifically, our method shows significant improvements in mitigating biases while maintaining performance levels. These results underscore the promising potential of TFS in addressing bias-related challenges and promoting equitable outcomes in machine learning models. This research challenges conventional wisdom regarding the efficacy of the last layer in deep learning models for debiasing purposes. The findings suggest that integrating fairness constraints into our proposed framework (TFS) can lead to more effective mitigation of biases and contribute to fairer AI systems.

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Blockchain-Powered Patient-Centric Access Control with MIDC AES-256 Encryption for Enhanced Healthcare Data Security

Author(s): Krishna Prasad Narasimha Rao,Selvan Chinnaiyan / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

Patient-centric access control in healthcare data management is paramount for ensuring privacy, confidentiality and security. In this paper, we propose a novel blockchain-powered patient-centric access control system integrated with MIDC AES-256 encryption to enhance healthcare data security. The proposed system prioritizes patient autonomy by granting patients control over access to their detailed health information, while hospitals are authorized to share relevant medical history. Using blockchain technology ensures decentralization, transparency and immutability of data, while smart contracts and consensus mechanisms enforce accountability and integrity. Additionally, the system employs MIDC AES-256 encryption, which combines multi-input data concatenation (MIDC) with AES-256 encryption, optimizing data integrity and security. The study involves a comparative analysis with existing methods including ABE, RSA and hybrid algorithm AES. The results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed system in terms of encryption speed, decryption time and memory usage. The proposed system achieves an encryption time of 3.8 seconds and a decryption time of 3.2 seconds, significantly outperforming ABE, RSA and hybrid algorithm AES. Moreover, the system exhibits lower memory usage (0.146 MB), highlighting its efficiency and scalability. The proposed system is implemented in Python, providing a versatile and accessible solution for healthcare data security enhancement. Through blockchain-powered patient-centric access control and MIDC AES-256 encryption, our system offers a robust framework for securing sensitive healthcare information while prioritizing patient privacy and control.

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Investigating the Causes of Non-realization of Project Prediction and Proposal of a New Prediction Framework

Author(s): Radek Doskočil,Branislav Lacko / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The main goal of the paper is to identify the causes of non-realization of project prediction and to propose a new framework for project prediction. A secondary goal is to explain why the approaches to project prediction used currently do not provide satisfactory results. The research was realised in the form of qualitative research using semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that the main causes of non-realization of project prediction are follows: there is no methodology that could be practically used; simplified approaches to project prediction usually have low reliability for which reason they are generally unusable; suitable input data and information for project prediction are not available. The main contribution made by the paper is the identification of causes of non-realization of project prediction and the proposal of a new framework for project prediction that respects changing conditions during the lifecycle of the project and changes in the way of thinking in project prediction. A prerequisite for its application is a functioning system of knowledge management in projects, including the realization of post-project analysis.

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Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education: Advancing Adaptive and Personalized Learning

Author(s): Manel Guettala,Samir Bourekkache,Okba Kazar,Saad Harous / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

The integration of generative artificial intelligence (AI) into adaptive and personalized learning represents a transformative shift in the educational landscape. This research paper investigates the impact of incorporating generative AI into adaptive and personalized learning environments, with a focus on tracing the evolution from conventional artificial intelligence methods to generative AI and identifying its diverse applications in education. The study begins with a comprehensive review of the evolution of generative AI models and frameworks. A framework of selection criteria is established to curate case studies showcasing the applications of generative AI in education. These case studies are analysed to elucidate the benefits and challenges associated with integrating generative AI into adaptive learning frameworks. Through an in-depth analysis of selected case studies, the study reveals tangible benefits derived from generative AI integration, including increased student engagement, improved test scores and accelerated skill development. Ethical, technical and pedagogical challenges related to generative AI integration are identified, emphasizing the need for careful consideration and collaborative efforts between educators and technologists. The findings underscore the transformative potential of generative AI in revolutionizing education. By addressing ethical concerns, navigating technical challenges and embracing human-centric approaches, educators and technologists can collaboratively harness the power of generative AI to create innovative and inclusive learning environments. Additionally, the study highlights the transition from Education 4.0 to Education 5.0, emphasizing the importance of social-emotional learning and human connection alongside personalization in shaping the future of education.

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ANALIZA POSLOVNE KOMUNIKACIJE U RANŽIRNOM KOLODVORU ZAGREB

Author(s): Margareta Petrinjak,Čendo Metzinger Tamara / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2024

Due to its location and size, the Zagreb Shunting Yard is a good example of a logistics and distribution center where, as the central base of the entire Croatian railway network, the south-western and southern parts of the coastal railway network are connected with the far north and eastern part, and subsequently with the entire European railway transport system.In such a system, the transfer of information between all internal and external stakeholders is very demanding and complex, so it is necessary to give extra attention to the development and application of business communication processes.The purpose of this article is to analyze the process of business communication using the example of the Zagreb Shunting Yard using the general communication model "Everyone works". The paper will describe the methods, types and channels of communication between employees for the technical inspection of the trains as well as the effects of communication, all with the aim of emphasizing the importance of establishing and continuously improving communication processes necessary for the normal functioning and organization of the Zagreb shunting Yard’s activities.

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Jak vytvořit rovný a spravedlivý systém odměňování

Author(s): Drahomíra Zajíčková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

The topic of appropriate and fair remuneration in the organisational environment comprises a key aspect of effective workforce management. Remuneration serves both as a means of motivating individuals and shaping the quantity and quality of the work performed within the organisation. When designing a remuneration system, employers should bear in mind that the system they establish should be appropriate, fair (with respect to the social rights of employees), transparent and exert motivational impacts with respect both to the performance of employees and the retention of high-quality employees within the organisation.

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