Predicting Job Strain with Psychological Hardiness, Organizational Support, Job Control and Work Overload: An Evaluation of Karasek’s DCS Model

Author(s): Seçil Bal TAŞTAN / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

This study focused on the investigation of how personal and situational factors and work related outcomes are associated. the study was built on "Karasek's Model of Job Strain" called as DCS Model (Demand-Control-Support). It is aimed to assess haw psychological hardiness, organizational support, job control and work overload are related with perceived job strain. in order to test the propositions of the study, an empirical study was performed in Turkey among the employees working in banking & finance organizations. According to the findings, psychological hardiness had moderate negative relationship with job strain, organizational support had strong negative relationship with job strain, job Control had strong negative relationship and work overload had strong positive relationship with job strain. The research findings were evaluated with their conceptual and practical implications.

A munkaerő-piaci szenzitivitás. Új módszer a magyarországi munkaerőpiac területi, térszerkezeti kérdéseinek feltárásában

Author(s): Levente Alpek,Róbert Tésits / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 04/2014

A foglalkoztatás területi koncentrációjának változásai Magyarországon a népszámlálások ingázási adatai alapján, 1990–2011

Author(s): János Péter Kiss,Gábor Szalkai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2014

Commuting, an outstandingly important phenomenon of modern labour market and spatial flow research, is surveyed only at population censuses. The present paper reviews the process of increasing spatial separation between the residence and the working place in the period of 1960–2011. After giving and overview about the problems in interpretation of data on commuting, the paper details underlying general and periodically changing reasons, taking a standpoint for a modernization trend, which represents the expansion of labour division and slackening of the majority of settlements’ labour markets. Impacts of the transitions after 1990 on the size of commuting are analyzed in detail. It is shown why the opinion is incorrect that labour market pinch after the change of the regime concerned commuters most. The coherence between the growth of commuting volume and the level of employment, just like the high regional differences are also shown for the period after the turn of the millennium. Finally, the analysis of data of 2011 describes the main reasons for differences in commuting pattern, factors of partial shifts in commuting destinations, among others also the rapid growth in migration abroad after accession to the Schengen Treaty.

Helyi munkaerő-piaci vonzáskörzetek az ezredforduló utáni Magyarországon

Author(s): János Pénzes,Ernő Molnár,Gábor Pálóczi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2014

The current research puts the issue of functional urban regions (or districts) into the focus delimited by the commuting network of employees. The local labour system (LLS) provided a specific dimension of this complex approach however it is one of the most adequate possibilities to delineate these areas of commuting. The delimitation process consisted of two steps with the separation of employment centres and with the assignment of settlements to these cores. The alteration of the LLS pattern was also analysed as the investigation was carried out by the census data from 2001 and 2011. The results provided a comprehensive overview about the process of territorial concentration and the instability of peripheral areas. Significant regional disparities of commuting came to light as the consequence of the body of settlement network. The territorial division of the country provided by LLS pattern is fitting to the new and integrated European approach of cities and their hinterlands but it is not alternative against other administrative or statistical divisions of Hungary. However this territorial point of view is in closer relation to the issues of analysing the local labour market processes or the developments targeting the increase in employment.

Az európai várostérségek és a járműipar régiók fejlettsége

Author(s): Zoltán Csizmadia,Andrea Uszkai / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2014

The main objective of the paper is to overview the development differences of the European urban areas, with special regard to the settlements with automotive industry. The paper can be divided into two main analyses. The first one summarizes main features of the European urban areas in the size category of 50-500 thousands of population. The second analysis focuses on the main characteristics of the automotive industry settlements in the EU-28, ignoring the number of the population. The other aim of the paper is to find the position of Győr among the European urban areas with population between 50-500 thousands, and among settlements with the automotive industry, with special regard to Hungarian automotive cities. In the focus of the study there stand structural features of their development. The used method was cluster analysis, especially based on NUTS-3 data of Eurostat database and population data of cities according to a German database (citypopulation.de).

A vidéki agglomerációk társadalmi–gazdasági jellemzői

Author(s): Dániel Szilágyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 06/2014

In Hungary rapid agglomeration process started in the fifties, and concerned mainly the capital and its environs. In the seventies the settlement network significantly changed, functional connections reinforced thus creating versatile settlement clusters. One decade later spatial delimitation started. The latest such delimitation was made in 2014. The aim of the analysis is to introduce the position of these areas in the socio-economic spatial structure of the country, and to enlighten the differences between individual units.

THE BENEFITS OF THE COMPANY REGARDING THE INVESTMENT IN HUMAN RESOURCE

Author(s): Irina-Ştefana Cibotariu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Preparation and knowledge in economic and financial field of management is crucial to profitability, the market place and the company's long existence. The problem arises when these mandatory knowledge seem to be much less significant and are treated by those who direct the activities of a company. The terms conventional or modern used to describe types of finances refer to finance based theories of reason and logic, such as the value of capital assets, or assumption of market efficiency. These theories assume that people in most cases have a rational and predictable behaviour. Relevance of finance can be used to explain the illogic of financial behaviour. It is understood that those who benefit financially from providing additional working hours are overwhelmed by a sense of loss of money by paying additional taxes. From here we can show the tendency of investors in stock market to retain shares too weak and to sell profitable actions to quickly. The logical manner would be to retain profitable actions for a longer period of time and to heal those weak to avoid increasing losses. For those who do not have knowledge in the field, but practice a profession based on financial and economic activity experience difficulty in obtaining consistent and long-term profit.

Kultura profesjonalizmu w zarządzaniu zasobami ludzkimi

Author(s): Piotr Górski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 429/2016

The objective of the article is to present the issues of culture of professionalism and its application to human resource management. The challenges to human resource management, presented in the article, show the changes of value systems which in turn lead to changes of psychological contract and weakening the sense of loyalty to the organization. The change of psychological contract consists in replacing the relational type of contract by transactional and, in the case of professionals, the loyalty toward organizations by the identifications with professional competencies. The Engagement Management, proposed by Polish authors, links with a culture of professionalism but culture of professionalism entails strong feeling of work autonomy and loyalty to professional group. Adopting the culture of professionalism to management of organizations employing other employees than professionals, entails the danger of manipulation.

Does the professional activity of older workers contribute to youth unemployment?

Author(s): Filip Chybalski,Edyta Marcinkiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2014

Considering the most recent changes in the pension systems in Europe, this article aims to evaluate whether there is any relationship between the employment rates of older cohorts and the employment and unemployment rates in the youngest cohorts of a productive age. Its key finding is that there is no evidence that would indicate that the lower professional activity of older people is accompanied by higher employment and lower unemployment among young people. On the contrary, the study reveals that the higher the labour force participation among the elderly, the better the situation for young cohorts in the labour market. As demonstrated by the results of our empirical research, factors such as unfavourable demographics and the inefficiency of government policy aiming at stimulating the development of the labour market influence the prospects of young people entering this market.

Straight-Time and Overtime: A Sequential-Lottery Approach

Author(s): Aleksandar Vasilev / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2016

RISK FACTORS OF THE DRIVER’S WORK IN THE TRAFFIC SYSTEM

Author(s): Marek Rybakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Events and hazardous situations in road transport, breakdowns and even disasters during the transport of dangerous goods, pose a potential threat to human life and health, to the people working in the transport - drivers and the natural environment. This article presents some problems concerning the transport of dangerous goods on the basis of statistical data. The Author defines the risk in transport, as an indicator of the state or event that may lead to losses. The types of risks and their levels in road transport are specified herein. The key point in the article is the identification of hazards and safety factors of the driver’s work in the system of road traffic in the own assessment of the author. The article ends by an overall picture of risks in the road transport of dangerous goods.

От пригодност за труд към професионално майсторство: психологически и педагогически условия

Author(s): Luchyan Milkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

Profession and practice occupy about 50% of human life in modern developed societies. In Bulgaria the percentage is even greater, due to the relatively low life expectancy for men and women. We believe that because it is a mistake to lose so many years, funds, intellectual, mental and physical energy to a profession that does not bring satisfaction to the individual. The correct choice of profession allows to realize their own potential, to avoid disappointment, to ensure equity and family life financially. Every profession, even the most interesting and beloved requires effort, tension.

The Influence of Management of Human Resources on Motivation and Job Satisfaction

Author(s): Goca D. Jovanović,Slavko Božilović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Major changes in recent years have affected the work of the organization. Successful business requires great flexibility, accountability and speed of product development and services. In the heart of the success of the organization, to achieve the mission and vision, lies highly qualified staff that is motivated, loyal and concentrated on achieving the objectives. Motivation is the effect that causes, directs and maintains the desired behavior of people. Human resources are the most creative and driving force of the organization. The level of training for work, working habits, level of responsibility and the quality of the relationship to work, their motivation and creativity depend on the future performance of the organization. Construction quality motivational system can increase the competitive ability and value of the organization. Job satisfaction is related to a positive emotional reaction and attitudes of employees towards their work. Job satisfaction significantly affects the efficiency and effectiveness of employees. This paper presents the results of research and analyzed the impact of human resource management on motivation and job satisfaction in the public sector

Модернізація системи мотивації як пріоритетний напрям підвищення ефективності менеджменту

Author(s): Alevtyna Anatoliyivna Pakulina,Hanna Sergeyevna Pakulina,Nataliia Khrystosova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 10/2016

Modernization of motivation system as the priority direction of increasing management efficiency is necessary for the sustainable growth of the national economy of Ukraine. The article substantiates the recommendations for the modernization of human resources policy and universal scale of motivation levels in organizations. The authors define the relation of motivational patterns of employees to the productivity of their labor as a factor of increasing the safety of the specific work of locomotive crews. Classification of emergency preconditions with considering identified causes of errors in the locomotive crew work has been developed and grounded. The article scientifically substantiates the mechanism of motivation and stimulation of workers of locomotive crews, which aims at improving personnel policies and ensuring a high level of safety of trains.

Развитие на безопасността и здравето при работа в строителството в България

Author(s): Rumen KALCHEV / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2012

In the study there is given a characterization of the safe and healthy working conditions and the indicators of their assessment. There is proposed an expansion of the system for assessment. Substantiated is the contribution of international organizations to the formation of the contemporary Bulgarian legislation in this area. There is given an outline of the national policy on occupational safety and health. Clarified are the specific character of occupational safety and health in construction and the responsibilities of the participants in construction-assembly processes on the introduction and observance of safe and healthy working conditions. There are formulated some suggestions for changes in the normative matter. As a result of an analysis of statistical information there are made conclusions and forecasts about the development of occupational safety and health in the sector.

Human resources and legal framework as factors affecting the development of social entrepreurship in the Baltic Sea Region

Author(s): Renate Lukjanska,Magda Leszczyna-Rzucidło,Julia Kuznecova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

This paper presents an overview of the two factors affecting the development of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises in the Baltic Sea Region: human resources and the legal framework, making reference to the pertinent literature and an existing theory. The authors base their research on the survey conducted among the representatives of social enterprises across the seven Baltic Sea Region countries and focus group interviews. The results of the study show that there is a great disparity in the level of support offered to social entrepreneurs from the researched countries and that the same human resources theories could be applied to traditional and social enterprises. The study has also shown that social enterprise legislation is not the key factor in the development of a social economy in the researched countries, but further work on an adequate legislation is needed.

Organizational values of companies in Croatia

Author(s): Ivan Malbašić,Ruža Brčić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

The concept of organizational values has been engrossing to organizational theoreticians and practitioners alike for a long time. However, especially interesting and useful in the field are the works focused on the identification or recognition of organizational values in actual business organizations, since those works can be of great benefit in actual business practices. Namely, through the analysis of their own organizational values and comparing them with values of other organizations in the business environment, companies can access new ideas and bring about initiatives and actual practical projects. Certain studies have been noted whose goal was to recognize organizational values of business organizations on the global (or possibly regional) level, but it was felt the analysis of organizational values of Croatian companies would be of interest and of use to them in view of the specific business environment within which they operate. To that end, this paper presents the results of researching organizational values of the largest companies in Croatia and comparing them to organizational values present in other companies worldwide.

Ewaluacja form wynagradzania pracowników ochrony zdrowia w Polsce

Author(s): Grzegorz Materna / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2010

Remuneration system in public healthcare institutions has been criticized for more than ten years, which is the reason for feeling underestimated and undervalued in terms of pay, and consequently a characteristic frustration of the employees in this sphere. This article discusses briefly the issue of complexity of factors which condition the activity and functioning of the mechanisms occurring in healthcare in the past, which allowed to illustrate the essence of the problem of remuneration in present times. The rules of the employee pay grade category as well as the dynamics of changes in pays and the factors influencing this issue in the 50s, 70s, 80s, 90s until the first decade of 2000, have been briefly described. This outline leads to the conclusion – what remuneration relations are, what determines the objectivity and motivation of remuneration at present. This subject matter is a simple contribution to the discussion of a currently introduced salary system, i. e. a piece work employment (procedural). On the example of the research carried out in two healthcare institutions the author proves that this is the most beneficial system of employment for both sides – the employee (doctor) and the employer (Independent Public Healthcare Institution), bringing benefits and income to the interested sides.

Ograniczanie obciążenia mięśniowego wynikającego z pracy powtarzalnej – przegląd badań dotyczących rozwiązań organizacyjnych

Author(s): Patrycja Łach,Danuta Roman-Liu / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2017

Repetitive work is common in many branches of the industry. Repeating the sequence of movements involve only selected group of muscles, which leads to an increase of workload. Muscles overload in an important determinant of the development upper limb disorders. It is therefore important to identify the factors increasing the level of load and try to limit their impact by a well-designed workstation and work time organization. The article presents an overview of research on organization solutions on repetitive workplaces, which aim improvement working conditions and minimizing the risk of development of musculoskeletal disorders.

Wirusy jako szkodliwe czynniki biologiczne w środowisku pracy biurowej

Author(s): Agata Stobnicka,Rafał Longin Górny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2017

Exposure to viruses is an important, but often neglected, occupational hazard of office workers. Ventilation (including air-conditioning) systems, contaminated surfaces as well as direct contact with sick workmates are some of the major emission sources of these harmful biological agents. Due to the small amount of data on exposure to viruses in the offices, the risk assessment in this occupational environment, if carried out at all, usually neglects this group of microbiological agents, focusing on bacterial and fungal contaminants only. This approach seems to be incomplete and should be supplemented by an assessment of exposure to viruses, too.