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TEOHAR MIHADAȘ – DETENTION BETWEEN HISTORY AND FICTION

TEOHAR MIHADAȘ – DETENTION BETWEEN HISTORY AND FICTION

Author(s): Alexandra-Ioana Țermure / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 22/2020

The literature about the detention period became a challenge beginning with 1990. The prison experience elucidates the mystery of the good lived during the communism and offers a different face to the history known until then. Through his volumes of memories, Teohar Mihadaș helps to recover the hidden past, highlights information about prisons, portraits of investigators and respondents in a realistic way. The relationship between history and fiction is the problem of this type of literature. Although it presents facts that can be proven historically, the confessional character, the intensity of the story and the emotion of living bring the memorialistic writings closer to literature.

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PEDAGOGICAL MERITS OF LITERARY TESTIMONIES: RADU CIUCEANU’S PRISON MEMOIRS

PEDAGOGICAL MERITS OF LITERARY TESTIMONIES: RADU CIUCEANU’S PRISON MEMOIRS

Author(s): Alexandru Daniel Magdalen / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 22/2020

What pedagogical virtues can literary testimonies of repression reveal? What specific contribution may they bring to our knowledge of historical events? This paper attempts to find possible answers through exploring a memoir of Romanian political detention written by historian Radu Ciuceanu. His comprehensive work conveys truth-oriented pedagogical merits that facilitate the reader’s understanding of how a significant category of people went through political detention, including the so-called ‘reeducation’ process. A hermeneutic approach allows insight into the memoirs’ means of conveying objectives of knowledge mostly related to the context of the human condition besieged by systematic ill-treatment. The deep and surface structures converge to outline a broader picture of lived history, whose written expression bears essential qualities of an inherently pedagogical project.

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ASPECTS OF THE MYTH - SURVIVAL OF MOTIFS AND SYMBOLIC MEANINGS IN ROMANIAN SPIRITUAL CULTURE

ASPECTS OF THE MYTH - SURVIVAL OF MOTIFS AND SYMBOLIC MEANINGS IN ROMANIAN SPIRITUAL CULTURE

Author(s): Elena Oana Vlădulescu (Roșca) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 22/2020

The main objective of this study aims to understand the composition and function of present myths in traditional societies. Consequently, these myths represent models for the habits of our contemporaries, but also in societies in which myths are still alive and justify the entire activity and behaviour of man. Moreover, it is impossible to imagine the history of a culture or human spirituality without myths. Through knowledge of myths, we get to know the origin of things, and consequently, we find out how they came to exist and how a certain behaviour, an institution, and a way of working were born. It should be pointed out that the beginning of human culture occurred through symbol and myth, and through the multitude of symbols inherited from other eras. Besides, humanity has preserved not only his unity but also spiritual continuity. True culture always returns to the symbol full of content and is loaded with immense suggestive force.

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EXEGESIS OF THE SACRED TEXTS. POSSIBILITIES OF INTERPRETATION

EXEGESIS OF THE SACRED TEXTS. POSSIBILITIES OF INTERPRETATION

Author(s): Adriana Cîteia / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 23/2020

The study aim to explain some possibilities of interaction and Interpretation of sacred texts, using the theory of formativeness, proposed by Luigi Pareyson and the meanings of ”performing” the text in ancient Greek and Jewish exegetical tradition. The sacred text makes possible the presentification of the past, of the ancestors, of the entire cultural basin, which allows the individual to return to his own totality. But the subjective perspective is never enough, because in the process of Interpretation we always are in dependence and interacting with the others and with tradition.

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THE IMAGE OF THE GERMAN IN ROMANIAN MEMORIAL TEXTS

THE IMAGE OF THE GERMAN IN ROMANIAN MEMORIAL TEXTS

Author(s): Bogdan Mihai Dascălu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 23/2020

The author has developed in several works a set of analytical tools, with the help of which the imagological approach becomes more rigorous and diversified. This offers the opportunity to include in the object of imagology some hypostases of the image, ignored until now by the specific speciality research.

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ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF CENTRAL EUROPE

ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF CENTRAL EUROPE

Author(s): Tatijana Petrika / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 23/2020

This research focuses on the concept of Central Europe and its intellectuals from different academic backgrounds. The concept of Central Europe is often replaced by several German variants, such as Mitteleuropa, Zwischeneuropa, Zentraleuropa or Ostmitteleuropa. Central Europe, as such, is structured on two different attitudes, one being of a German nature in the modern era, and the other, radically opposite, imagined by the Habsburg dynasty. The Jews of the twentieth century were the main element of Central Europe. When we talk about the identity crises that have taken place in Central Europe, we are referring to the crisis of religious and ethnic identity.

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TRADITIONS AND RELIGION IN THE MUSLIM SOCIETY

TRADITIONS AND RELIGION IN THE MUSLIM SOCIETY

Author(s): Monica Diana Ropciuc / Language(s): French Issue: 23/2020

Amin Maalouf, a French-Lebanese writer with a rich cultural and religious heritage, is the perfect author to study if we want to discover the importance of the tradition in the muslim society. It is a fact that the Lebanon is a tolerant country in the matters of the religion, and when we realise that the religion and the tradition go hand in hand, it is easy to see why the novels of Amin Maalouf are the best fit for this article. Therefore we propose to use in the construction of this article the following two novels ,,Leo Africanus’’ and ,,Samarkand’’, because they cover a variety of relevant topics, such as: the role of the Muslim woman and her position in the family, the discrepancies between the Islamic leaders and the believers, and the study of the Magical thinking in the oriental environment. The ancient popular beliefs, the rituals, the legends and the superstitions are the main points of interests this research, because the author relies on their pre-Arab origin to show that not even the inflexible religion of the Islam, can’t delete or alter the spirit of a nation. Unfortunately, the artistic and the creative qualities of the Muslim people are seriously affected by the faith. The author gives us some clues if we are able to read between the lines, and the conclusion is that this explosion of the occult sciences is due to the lack of freedom of the artistic expression. If the religion is the weapon of the men, consider the tradition as part of the identity of the women, and you will be able to understand why its roots are so well planted in the ground.

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THE TYPOLOGY OF ABUSED WOMEN IN A NEW CONTEXT, THAT OF THE PROSE OF THE 2000S

THE TYPOLOGY OF ABUSED WOMEN IN A NEW CONTEXT, THAT OF THE PROSE OF THE 2000S

Author(s): Anamaria - Laura Ciocan (Bâzu) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 23/2020

Building a female character from a literary point of view is a difficult process that is a challenge for any writer. With each generation we observe innovations, of style for example, either in the faithful reproduction of the female figure, or in the establishment of new typologies specific to a certain period. The female characters abused in the prose of the 2000s are, more or less, highlighted either through the language that is used in relation to them, or through the physical, or through gestures that affect psychologically, all these, in one form or another, leading to the idea of violence.

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THE PLIGHT OF WOMEN AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY REPRESENTED IN WRITING “THE YELLOW WALL-PAPER” BY CHARLOTTE PERKINS GILMAN (STETSON)

THE PLIGHT OF WOMEN AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY REPRESENTED IN WRITING “THE YELLOW WALL-PAPER” BY CHARLOTTE PERKINS GILMAN (STETSON)

Author(s): Bianca-Maria Bucur (Tincu) / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2020

The present research paper aims to bring a contemporary view on the issues encountered and faced by the Suffragettes at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century as exposed in literature, particularly in the short story belonging to the American feminist, Charlotte Perkins Stetson, “The Yellow Wall-Paper”. Due to the fact that humans are challenged to exceed inner and outer walls every day, the walls of one’s fears, the walls of one’s prejudices, the walls imposed by others through rejection or impartiality, this approach and theme is of interest for the present reader.

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Betül Tarıman’ın Şiirinde Vahşi Kadının Yeniden Doğuşu

Betül Tarıman’ın Şiirinde Vahşi Kadının Yeniden Doğuşu

Author(s): Mihrican Aylanç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 114/2023

In Women Who Run with Wolves, Clarissa Pinkola Estes goes after the ‘creative, talented, and immersed woman symbol’ which has been ignored by psychoanalysis for a long time, where she chases the pure reality of women whose internal nature has been damaged, whose souls have been tossed to the most pathetic lands, and who have taken on unnatural rhythms over their natural cycles just to please others. While women continue to instinctively share archetypes, Betül Tarıman, who displays an internal womanhood stance in the Anatolian geography, raises the mythical era narrative voices for us women, from her work Hadde, that is sensitive to her emotions, conscious, and tactile pleasures, and creatively transforms them into modern poetry. As Estes breaks the silence regarding issues surrounding her style, knowledge, and creative fire for women’s different eras, which can be defined as archetypical, intuitive, sexual, and cyclic. With this analysis, which follows in the footsteps of the wild woman archetype, added to the literature by Estes, I added poetry to the existing myths and fairy tales. I emphasize that poetry can too be just as long lasting as they are while being an enunciation leading to wisdom. This archetypical perspective, like mythical stories, poetry sets forth the sharp realization that can help conceptualize our visual power to see nature’s naiveté. Betül Tarıman, a woman who found her voice in nature, is a wild spirit. She moves forward in an alchemical cycle of loss, disjunction, and enlightenment during her journey that ends with wisdom. She awakens in a sacred location in eternity, independent of time and place, created by poetic language and word. This way, she creates the myth of the modern woman hero. By connecting with the wild woman archetype, she transforms into an eternal inner voice, calling out to women in search of themselves during their journey of initiation.

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Göç ve Folklor: Literatür ve Tasnif Odaklı, Kuramsal Bir Çerçeve

Göç ve Folklor: Literatür ve Tasnif Odaklı, Kuramsal Bir Çerçeve

Author(s): Ahmet Keskin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 114/2023

Considering the process of Turks moving from Central Asia to Anatolia, which is now known as “Asia Minor” and the before, during, and after period of this process, it’s understood that Turkish cultural history has been shaped largely by the phenomenon of migration, especially until the 12th century. In this respect, the fact that Turkish cultural history has been shaped as a history of migrations has caused the relationship between culture and migration to be highly apparent. In this context, relations between old and new lifestyles, integrations, changes, and transformations in culture and folklore during the arrival and settlement of Turks from Central Asia to Anatolia have been in a close relationship and interaction with the phenomenon of migration. Adaptation and cultural change after this settlement in Anatolia, and the relations and interactions that persist with the migrations which continued intensely till the 21st century and which are still experienced in the current day, still present migration as one of the main factors shaping culture and folklore. The situation in question has been reflected in language, literary texts, social and daily lives, beliefs, and rituals, and all such fields and processes comprehensively. Due to the richness and multidimensionality of these reflections, many studies have been carried out on the relations of migration, culture, and folklore. In this study, the relationship between migration and folklore in Turkish culture is evaluated with the main lines through the existing literature and discussed in a theoretical framework. In the study, it is revealed under which fields the studies that have been or can be carried out in the context of migration and folklore relations can be grouped theoretically, and a classification is carried out to determine the subjects that can be studied related to migration and folklore. Thus, through the study, it is aimed to determine the previous studies and to contribute theoretically to the studies related to migration and folklore to be made from now on.

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Zerdüştilik ve Yezîdîlik İnançlarının Romanlarda Ele Alınışı

Zerdüştilik ve Yezîdîlik İnançlarının Romanlarda Ele Alınışı

Author(s): Hünkar Karaca Yalçın / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 114/2023

Along with individuals lives, literary works address shared mental worlds of societies, historical milestones, beliefs, and cultures. The concept of belief is also one of the factors that shape societies’ identities and art-literary works. Turkish authors have discussed both the societies they were born into and the beliefs of the “other” societies, as well as the cultural characteristics arising from their beliefs, in their works from the past to the present. When these beliefs are examined, it is clear that the religions of the Zoroastrians and Yazidis, both of whom are considered minorities, are at the forefront. In novels, these two beliefs were compared with Islam, Christianism, and Judaism, and their underlying philosophies, their effects on rituals in ceremonies such as weddings and funerals, and how the belief and “national” identities became an entrenched structure were discussed. Furthermore, the novels discussed how these societies perceived minorities maintained their value judgments in the Middle East, where dominant cultures and religions are present, as well as their conflicts with strong states in the region. In this study, the reflections of Yezidism and Zoroastrianism in Turkish novel has been discussed.

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Lament of Medea: A Kinesthetic Performance

Lament of Medea: A Kinesthetic Performance

Author(s): Fulya Kincal / Language(s): English Issue: 114/2023

This study shows how the language of lament liberates a woman from a socially constructed murderous identity. By using stylistic analysis and mainly focusing on the method of singing lament, this article shows the possibility of undermining the socially constructed identity of the ancient Greek heroine Medea. As the 19th-century thoughts in England about women acquired the most exacerbated misogynist overtones, the problem for the women artists was a desperate search for a new identity and, thus, for language. Two crucial Victorian poets, Amy Levy and Augusta Webster, turned to Greek mythology to explore the collective cultural constructions, recognized the power of lament as a literary device and used it to provide a new perspective to ancient Greek playwright Euripides’ Medea. They formulated their poem using the linguistic and contextual rules of lamentation, such as interrogative questions, alliteration, assonance, phonetic structuring, highly metaphorical language, wordplay, parallelism and antithesis. Due to the figurative devices and deviant use of language, they made the reader witness the melancholy and mourning of heroin. They got the reader to think that they should reconsider Medea. Thus, this study focuses on the poetic language of Levy and Webster to provide a different angle to the concept of identity and give the reader a better sense of what Medea is all about. This article provides critical insight into the power of the language of lament in the deconstruction of rigid and stable identity. Moreover, it shows the critical role that language and the performance of lament play in the construction of the self-perception of the speaking subject.

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THE LETTER OF NEACȘU OF CÂMPULUNG (1521) FIVE CENTURIES SINCE ITS WRITING

THE LETTER OF NEACȘU OF CÂMPULUNG (1521) FIVE CENTURIES SINCE ITS WRITING

Author(s): Agnes Terezia Erich / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

Neacșu's letter from Câmpulung is considered to be the oldest inscription in Romanian language that has survived the times, but it is hard to believe that there were no other documents written in our language, before 1521, if we take into account the correctness and accuracy of the language used. The letter was written to warn the counties of Brasov, Johannes Benkner, about the warlike intentions of the Ottomans, who, on the other side of the Danube, were preparing to invade the Romanian countries. It should be noted in this first preserved Romanian letter the clarity of the sentence, the coherent construction, the ease of the composition, a fact that proves the author's preparation and the fact that he was not on the first attempt of this kind. It is observed that, in the old era of Romanian culture, the principles that guide the composition of letters and their writing in the language of the people are adapted to the new social and cultural context of the time. 500 years after its writing, we notice that the Romanian language, at the time of its appearance in writing, was fully constituted. Perfectly intelligible, to the point that even without a glossary we could deduce the meanings of the two Slavonic words, the text nevertheless presents some language-specific features from the beginning of the 16th century. Keywords: Neacșu of Câmpulung, Brașov, Romanian language, epistol

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THE IMPACT OF THE CIVIL WAR ON MARGARET MITCHELL’S MAIN SOUTHERN CHARACTERS IN GONE WITH THE WIND

THE IMPACT OF THE CIVIL WAR ON MARGARET MITCHELL’S MAIN SOUTHERN CHARACTERS IN GONE WITH THE WIND

Author(s): Oana-Andreea Ghiță-Pîrnuță / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2021

The present paper aims at presenting the ways in which the Civil War has affected the main characters in Margaret Mitchell’s novel “Gone with the Wind”. The focus is laid upon the major characters and their transformations caused by the Civil War. Scarlett is the female protagonist and she has changed due to the influence of war, she gave up all her principles and did everything necessary to survive. She was determined to achieve any goal that she wanted, she was thinking about future, her opportunities instead of her losses. Rhett is Scarlett’s male version and he went through an interesting transformation. First, he was ignorant about war, he knew that it was useless, he was making money out of the destruction of the South; in one moment of sentimentality or sense of duty, he joined the army and fought for the South. Finally, the present paper proves the point that the Civil War has significantly influenced Margaret Mitchell’s characters and their evolution. The South and its people were deeply affected by war, it changed people and their way of living. The war took away a lot of things from them and it also transformed the South.

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THE FICTIONAL JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE OF A CONTROVERSIAL WRITER: MARGUERITE DURAS ABOUT THE VILLEMIN CASE

THE FICTIONAL JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE OF A CONTROVERSIAL WRITER: MARGUERITE DURAS ABOUT THE VILLEMIN CASE

Author(s): Daniela Cătău-Vereș / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

With the realization of her talent as a writer in the 1950s, Marguerite Duras made her debut in journalism. Whether she takes the path of politics or journalism, she does it to defend the idea of freedom, taken in an infinite sense. In 1984, she published a very controversial article in the Libération about the Gregory affair or the crime committed by Christine Villemin against her son. There are some precious Durasian pages about the status of women in society, which raises the issue of Marguerite Duras's subjective journalism. In her article on Christine Villemin, she crosses the line between fiction and reality to find in this real story a pretext to write a sublime text.

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HORTENSIA PAPADAT-BENGESCU SAU O CAMERĂ SEPARATĂ

HORTENSIA PAPADAT-BENGESCU SAU O CAMERĂ SEPARATĂ

Author(s): Iulian Băicuș / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

I have been trying in this particular critical essay to compare the work of one of the most notorious woman writers of European literature, Virginia Woof, with the work of the most important Modernist writer, Hortensia-Papadat Bengescu. This parallel doesn’t imply o direct influence but an archetypal use of symbols, coming from the deep psychoanalytical roots of the feminine gender. I have also been using the approach of Gender studies, in order to translate these particular themes to a better understanding of feminine mythic figures and symbolism of blood and of different metaphors used in several texts, in a totally deconstructive discourse, focusing on early texts written by Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu, the Grand European Lady of the Romanian novel, in between the two great World Wars.

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REPRESENTATIONS OF THE CHILD IN THE ROMANIAN ART AND LITERATURE

REPRESENTATIONS OF THE CHILD IN THE ROMANIAN ART AND LITERATURE

Author(s): Marta Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

The present study aims to highlight the image of the child in the Romanian art and literature. This theme of the childhood has been approached with great interest, regardless of the era, in an innovative direction by artists and writers. We do not follow all the representations, but simply share different trends that can be observed and which help us to conceive the pieces for a history of childhood in the Romanian sphere.

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Edebi Özellikleri Bakımından Kerkük Hoyratları

Edebi Özellikleri Bakımından Kerkük Hoyratları

Author(s): İsmail Gürbüz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 29/2023

While Kirkuk stands out with its unique customs and traditions, it is seen that Hoyrats occupy a considerable place in Kirkuk literature. Although it has a poetic expression among the people, Kirkuk Hoyrats are also expressed in the long air style. Kirkuk Hoyrats have certain literary features as a part of Kirkuk literature. In this respect, the rhyme used, the diversity of the rhymes and the fact that they have a literature inevitably brought these works to the fore. In this study, we tried to touch on both the literary features and artistic forms of the Kirkuk Hoyrats.

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Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un Orta Asya Türk Dünyası İle İlgili Müşahedeleri

Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un Orta Asya Türk Dünyası İle İlgili Müşahedeleri

Author(s): Yener Unal,Cemal Özdemir / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2023

In his poems, Mehmet Akif Ersoy expresses the troubles and sufferings of the Central Asian, Caucasian and Balkan nations that were left unclaimed during the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. In this study, the issue of Central Asia and its problems in Ersoy's works will be discussed. The research draws attention to the backwardness, poverty and suffering of the local people of the Turkish world. Akif takes his place among the most important poets of Turkish Literature with his originality of the world of thought and his strong style in the language of poetry. The unique features of the poet's poems played an important role in Akif's special place among many poets of his time. The world view shaped around these values in Akif's works of understanding of Turkishness and Islam attracted attention not only in Anatolia but also in other places. Akif clearly describes some of the negative situations experienced by the geography of the Turkish World in his works. By drawing attention to the problems of the society in which he lives, he investigates how the problems arise and looks for ways to solve them. Akif also attaches special importance to the Turkish world living in the geography of the Islamic world. The poet, who describes the difficulties and poverty in the Turkish world in his works, tells the general situation in the Turkish world. In his work, Süleymaniye Chair, Abdürreşid İbrahim sheds light on the important issues of the region with his own words. The information about Central Asia in the poet's works reflects the understanding of national unity and integrity. Akif's influences in the Turkish World increased with Sırat-ı Müstakim, and it was effective in his transformation into a man of action. In this article, the characteristics of Akif, which are considered remarkable by the poets of the Turkish World, are discussed. In the examination, in which the interest shown by some Turkish World Poets to Akif's poems and personality is reflected in comparative texts, the identification of poets who had direct contact with Akif or who carried his influence into their poems, and the context in which they were affected, were evaluated considering the social and political conditions of the period. This study was carried out in order to determine the themes such as the problems of the Central Asian Turkish World, independence, awakening, underdevelopment and poverty in the works of Mehmet Akif Ersoy. In order to achieve this aim, qualitative research and comparison method was used in this study. In order to collect data in the research, the document analysis method from the qualitative research motifs was used. The data obtained are also given within the framework of the work “Safahat”.

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