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ELEMENTS OF BOVARISM IN MIDDLEMARCH

Author(s): Mădălina Elena Mandici / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2021

This paper attempts to examine the reading habits of George Eliot’s Dorothea Brooke, one of the main characters in Middlemarch (1871-72), who takes after Flaubert’s Emma Bovary as she inserts herself in the fictional realm of her readings and builds a gap between ideal and trivial versions of a suitor. Reading becomes the raison d’être of the two British and French female characters, setting them apart from their fictional siblings and delivering them to the public as heroines provided with an aesthetic penchant for literature. Throughout the novels, both Flaubert and Eliot address the issue of women’s troubling engagement with fiction and superficial chances at formal education and access to books. With their eyes feasting upon the written word, women readers begin to over-identify with the narrative constructs they devour with intellectual insatiability. They are at the mercy of day dreams induced by poorly assimilated reading matter. Such anxieties governed not only the surface-realm of Middlemarch, but also the mindset of the Victorian society at large. Thus, this paper considers Dorothea Brooke and Emma Bovary’s reading or, rather, misreading. Both shape their lives according to what they read – the first is a pursuer of knowledge and desires to attain a classical education; the second is preoccupied with the lives of romantic heroines. Dorothea is interested in serious, “elite” literature; Emma is fond of “shlock” prose. The yawning gap between kitsch and its counterpart differentiates the two females’ acts of reading.

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GEORGE STEINER – A LIFE

Author(s): Dorina Nela Trifu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

In the present paper entitled „George Steiner- A life” we aim to draw the profile of a complex personality, George Steiner, American writer, with French origins, pointing out just some few important biographical and bibliographical aspects. The presentation will not be exhaustive, due to the type of scientific paper considered. Obviously, this presentation will not refer to George Steiner as a man, as a teacher, as a translator, as a linguist, as a literary critic, but the ideas will refer tangentially to some dominant aspects, and sometimes they will refer to some papers or some perceptions and concepts launched by the author. We will focus though on Steiner the translator. A picture from an article about George Steiner published at the beginning of 2020, shortly after his demise, by „Agerpres.ro”, illustrates the senior in a room surrounded by books, this aspect demonstrating the passion of his life, to which he owes the erudition.

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SEMINO’S MIND STYLE IN LYNDA MULLALY HUNT’S FISH IN A TREE

Author(s): Alina Lucia ARDELEAN / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2021

The paper tackles a linguistic approach to Lynda Mullaly Hunt’s Fish in a Tree to underline how the readers can better interpret and perceive the protagonist’s disorder, called Dyslexia. This book offers to the reader considerable shreds of evidence of the “mind style” (Semino,2014: 282) of a middle-school student, Ally, who has cognitive potential despite the fact that she is suffering from dyslexia and which turns her into a trouble making child who finally succeeds to surpass her difficulties.

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LECA MORARIU – BETWEEN MEMORY AND HISTORY. THE JOURNAL FROM VÂLCEA

Author(s): Luminiţa IPATE (CĂŞUNEANU) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

The present study is part of a research paper which reveals the profile of Leca Morariu, the scholar, and his relation with history. The Journal from Vâlcea is a source of treasured data and information, being a safe path to the analysis of interiority. The journal includes amazing and fascinating pages about a man who, if we did not know his history, could as well be a novel character: a strict, extremely studious intellectual who ‘builds himself’ calmly and safely, overcoming years of hardships. Leca Morariu went through dramatic situations, over and over again, bearing them all with dignity and hope.

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ȘTEFAN BĂNULESCU'S PLACE IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE

Author(s): Maria-Mirela Puiu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

Ștefan Bănulescu is a writer who is part of the ꞌ60th generation. He manages to stand out through what he writes and what he thinks. From an early age he likes to read and tell everything in detail. He spent his childhood in his native village of Făcăieni in Ialomița County, and he will spend high school in Călărași. The style with which each writing relates makes him become a true writer who ends up being loved by every reader.

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POET(H)IC IRONY. COMMITMENT TO COMMUNIST REALITIES. THE CASE OF NINA CASSIAN

Author(s): Dragoș Bogdan Popa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

The present article focuses on an important chapter in the history of the Romanian literature: poetry in communist times. The study proposed in this article does not approach the notion of “irony” as a mere means of expression, but as a vision of the world. Its purpose is to show the Romanian poets’ critical commitment to the realities of the communist world. In this respect, the case of Nina Cassian is suggestive and fascinating by the transformations of her ironic discourse, her poetry making an (almost) complete circle: first, she expresses by means of irony against the war, then becomes a militant in favour of (the utopia of) communism, to finally readjust by using irony against it. More or less opportunist, the presence of ironic poetry during the times of the communist regime was, certainly, opportune, fact that generates new interpretation dilemmas even three decades after its fall. The poetry of Nina Cassian (1924 - 2014) certainly remains a paradoxical case, the author combining with intelligence revolt and submission, concession being, in those times, a form of adaptation of the writers ‘species’ to reality. The poet under discussion certifies, at textual level, a surprising compromise that deserves a special treatment, as we see it as a perfect example of connivance of a totalitarian structure with a nonconformist poet.

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Asynchronous Instantaneity. The Posthuman Turn in the Romanian Literary System

Author(s): Emanuel Lupașcu-Doboș / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Cultural globalisation, made possible by the enhancement of digital infrastructure, has led some scholars to reconsider the dynamics of core-periphery transfers, stressing the immediacy with which popular culture crosses national and linguistic borders. This is the case of Theory in the ‘Post’ Era: A Vocabulary for the 21st-Century Conceptual Commons, which in its preface proposes an epidemiological model of the transfer of cultural capital. In my paper, I want to relate “the contagion theory” to the import of Posthumanism in Eastern Europe and contemporary Romanian literature. The links between Posthumanism and contemporary literature have provoked sometimes productive, sometimes controversial local debates. The way in which this philosophy/theory is naturalised calls into question the instantaneity with which ideas circulate, since there are cases in which its core meanings are hijacked in Romanian culture. This cultural dysmorphia (along with other cultural products considered self-colonial) demonstrates how the unequal relations between centre and periphery are not completely dissolved by the digital turn but generate a new paradox of asymmetrical instantaneity. The aim of my article is to see how the theory of posthumanism travels from the centre of Anglo-American cultural studies to the semi-periphery of the Romanian literary field, where several mutations can be noticed: first of all, the shift from SF literature to poetry, which has a greater symbolic capital in Romania. I will analyse the contexts of the “regimes of relevance,” the transformations brought about by Romania’s accession to the European Union, and the mechanisms of diffusion of posthuman theory in the local space.

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ДЕКОДУВАННЯ БІБЛІЙНОЇ РИТУАЛІКИ В КУЛЬТУРНИХ АКЦІЯХ

Author(s): Galina Viktorivna Volkova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the work is to indicate the compensatory content in Vasilkov's concept (according to A. Kanarskyi) of ritualbiblical traces in literary works and examples of fine art, based on a cultural approach to recognition. Research methodology is based on such methods as culturological interdisciplinary, analytical, comporative, historical and descriptive, art criticism and style, hermeneutic based on the aesthetics of Kanarskyi's compensatory. Scientific novelty of the research. For the first time in Ukraine, the positions of decoding biblical rituals in artistic actions were formulated on the basis of the philosophical concept of Kanarskyi’s recognition. Display in the concept of Durkheim, Vasilkov and Kanarsky in the art criticism dimension of the works of Shevchenko, Gogol and Storozhenko is also original. Conclusions. Approaches to the method of recognising biblical and ritual traces in the works of Shevchenko, Gogol and Storozhenko are outlined in the context of the ritual of sacrifice and hagiographic measurements of the presentation of the main character’s characteristics. Recognition of the compensatory action of transformationdematerialisation in Storozhenko's painting «Premonition of Golgotha» takes place through the use of the watercolor technique in oil painting. The ritual root in artistic acts is recognised, which makes it possible to realise the significance of the cultural influence of art without the participation of a special aesthetic and artistic principle of capturing the significance of creative products. As an action, biblical rituals nourish plot conflicts, which are considered as the actions of characters in literary works and fine arts. As an idea, biblical rituals fertilise the structure of the image, plastic-textured embodiment and compositional standards. As a symbol of sublime life activity, biblical rituals inspire the dramaturgy of comparisons, in contrast to the life-like "development" of the theatre. As a component of being, biblical ritual forms the basis of works of art and leads to the recognition of a ritual genesis in them, "fertilising" them with the content and density of the ideological and figurative expression.

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ОБРАЗ ОРФЕЯ В МИСТЕЦТВІ ЯК МОДЕЛЬ, ЩО ПОРОДЖУЄ ДІЙСНІСТЬ

Author(s): Valentyn Shtyrbul / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the study is to analyse the modern embodiment of the eternal image of Orpheus created on the basis of an artistic revaluation of an ancient myth, which over a significant period of its existence has changed its role from the model of archaic society to inclusion in the great cultural context of the art of today. The methodological base of the study consists of a number of methods. Analytical method is used to penetrate the essence of the Orpheus as an artist, which allows us to learn about the motives of his actions. The comparative method is applied to compare and contrast the primary mythological image with its transformed variants. The use of the historical method is necessary in order to trace the development of the eternal image in art in different historical periods. The study of such a well-known image is impossible without the use of a descriptive method since its origins are in mythological sources. The scientific novelty of the study is to consider the eternal image of Orpheus, which exists in art as a generating model of reality. The proof of this thesis is based on the analysis of the examples of modern revaluated embodiment of the mythological plot by giving it the meaning that is relevant to the present socio-cultural meaning. Demonstration of such plot and motive transformations not only eliminates the distance between history and modernity, but also gives rise to a “new” myth that plays the role of a model of new reality. Conclusions. Some well-known plots, being repeatedly told and retold, inevitably undergo changes, significantly moving away from their primary source. The story of Orpheus, reflected in the works of art of different genres, functions as a kind of evolutionary power within the constantly expanding culture. An ancient legend of the Thracian Singer is a constant motif of new creations that not only contradict the cultural and historical development of humankind, but also contribute to it protecting the artistic heritage of the past from cultural oblivion by creating a transformed model of image that is actively involved in the creation of new reality.

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GENRE-STYLE DIVERSITY OF INTERPRETATIONS OF UKRAINIAN CLASSICS’ POETRY IN MUSICAL ART

Author(s): Viktoriia Padalko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2023

The purpose of the article is to reveal a variety of genres and styles, in which musical interpretations of Ukrainian classical poets’ texts appear. The methodology. Due to the specific features of the research, the combination of musicology and literary methods should be involved, as well as general scientific methods. So that, the musical analysis and the observation of stage production take place in direct connection with the features of the literal works and in general sociocultural context. Comparative method has been used to identify the characteristic features of such interpretations in different eras and in the works of different artists. The facts were summarised and structured with the use of the analytical method. Scientific novelty of the work lies in the presenting of the genre-style diversity of musical interpretations of the poetry of Ukrainian classics. Features of most musical works of the modern performers are described for the first time. Conclusions. The poetry of Ukrainian classics has a prominent feature – internal musicality, which up till now makes composers and singers turn to it and create their own new interpretations. This feature helps poetry to appear in the great variety of musical genres: from vocal, for example, song, romance or ballade, to genres that are bound with dance or theatre art, such as musical, mono-play, opera, or ballet. Traditionally, musical interpretations of the poetry were related to classical music. However, musicians’ attitude to the interpretation of the poetry of Ukrainian classics totally changed in the end of the XX century. After Ukraine reached its Independence, such interpretations have done the «break-out» and widened their stylistic paradigm to the great diversity – from academic acoustics to rock, rap core and many other different styles. To present these features, the musical compositions of the duo «Telniuk Sisters», bands «Komu Vnyz», «Plach Yeremii», «Haidamaky», and «Tartak» were used in the research. The article also illustrates the interpretations of the literary heritage of the classics in ballet art, as a vivid example of the fact that not only vocal works are born from the interaction of words and music.

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Otázka poetismů v jazyce dnešní lyriky prizmatem Korpusu současné poezie

Author(s): Karel Piorecký,Michal Škrabal / Language(s): Czech Issue: 6/2022

The aim of our study is to review the meaning of the term “poeticism” and consider its vitality within contemporary poetry. It identifies specific features of contemporary Czech poetic language that distinguish it from the commonly spoken and written language. For this purpose, we utilise data collected in the Corpus of Contemporary Czech Poetry, using a keyword-extraction tool. We argue that poeticisms in contemporary poetry can be identified based on their frequency as keywords which significantly exceeds the frequency of the same words in common language. Our study concludes by drawing a distinction between two types of poeticisms: functional ones are defined by their frequency, while essential ones are used exclusively in poetic language.

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THE RECONTEXTUALIZATION OF FOLKLORE IN THE CREATION OF THE PROSATOR VLADIMIR BEŞLEAGĂ

Author(s): Mariana Cocieru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2021

In its essential moments, the respective approach proposes an ample and competent analysis of the modalities of assimilation of the folkloric constituents, with the emphasis placed on the interpretation of the original meanings. Interesting are the author's observations on the functionality of the ethno-folkloric elements passed through the re-contextualization phase; the impact that these elements have on the modern reader; of their importance in the structure of the literary work, in revealing its aesthetic valences. The author investigates the ethno-folkloric constituencies harnessed in the texture of prose by V. Beşleagă. The Bessarabian writer represents the model of well-documented author in the popular mentality secrets, focused to play naturalness and the natural of human existence, using native expressions of peasant, focusing on shenanigans of country life, and experiencing the mythical mysticism, paganism, which, transfigured, creates a state of ineffable alternatively, difficult to grasp the uninitiated. The frequent appeal to the folkloric components in the narrative substance of the literary texts of the 1960s demonstrates the ability of writers to resist through culture, through the phenomenon of preserving the Romanian identity, despite the alienation policy promoted by the party.

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UNICA ZÜRN, SYLVIA PLATH, JOANNE GREENBERG- „HEXENTEXTE”

Author(s): Simona Olaru-Poşiar / Language(s): German Issue: 25/2021

The title of the article encompasses three powerful female voices in world literature Unica Zürn, Sylvia Plath, Joanne Greenberg. Having as a start point the sketches and anagrams of the German writer and artist Unica Zürn, the collection of stories, whether we talk of novels, short stories, powerful personal journeys or poems that hide a powerful meaning or a suffering of the author- Hexentexte points out to the labyrinth of the human psyche, that is not to be analyzed, but admired for its unique renderings. Each of the three writers have had a short literary path due to illness or sudden death, however their work becomes the inspiration for young writers, art gives birth to art and the anagram is never fully deciphered.

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VICTORIAN LITERATURE AND THE ITALIANS

Author(s): Maria Alexandra Gutuleanu / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2021

This article is meant to deal with the perception of 19th century Italy and its culture by the Victorian writers of that time, some less known and some representative one, the interactions and social and cultural influences among Italian and Victorian writers. Their fructuous time spent in Italy, help them better interpret the contradictions and contrast of their own English society and to differentiate between the pastoral and idyllic life of Italian natural landscape with the city’s dirt and crime. Italian Risorgimento as well as Victorian England was a period of transition from the old to the new.

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IMPOLITE SPEECH IN THE SADOVENIAN WORKS

Author(s): Codruța Cozma / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2021

This paper focuses on some of the relevant aspects of the visual vocabulary of two influential artists of their time: Jean-Michel Basquiat and Robert Rauschenberg. Due to their uniqueness, both of them managed to have an impact on the artistic community ever since, by shaping their admirers – not a few – and their way of expressing themselves. Given certain appearance-related similarities of their language, paired with the fact that Rauschenberg was admired by Basquiat, this piece of writing brings both of them together, while lightly mapping their contributions to the artistic expression, with an emphasis on the usage of their technical abilities to convey shape and meaning to their intimate interests. Having mentioned that, in the present essay we will start by briefly presenting the general context related to them, the touchpoints – since they were contemporary – and then we will proceed by individually highlighting some episodes of interest in their career, while pointing out their personal, self-related, specificities.The language of the characters in a literary work is a means by which the author creates the atmosphere of the era presented, the mentality of the people and their way of relating to each other. The interpersonal relationship highlights effective communication, but also conflict situations that are manifested at a discursive level through language that is rude and full of offensive notes. The article aims to study the irreverent language of the characters in four historical novels, focusing on its pragmatic role and highlighting the ways of sanctioning such unprotocolar language.

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OBSERVATIONS ON TRAVEL LITERATURE IN THE ROMANIAN CULTURAL SPACE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

Author(s): Gabriela Comanescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2021

In the 19th century, in all three Romanian provinces, travel literature represented for writers a work of affirmation of their cultural and literary capacity. Regardless of the form of manifestation (travel memorials, journals, letters, etc.) the travel literature had the purpose of training, documentary value and / or literary value. In the 19th century, a lot of travel was made, first rediscovering each of the Romanian countries, then taking place from one country to another, both in the West and in the East. The travel literature of the 19th century reflects the modernization trend of the society, having a great influence on the modern Romanian literature. We will mention, in these pages, some representative traveling writers of the 19th century, who wrote in Romanian, grouped, in chronological order, according to the historical provinces to which they belong and the type of travel writings they approached.

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LITERATURE - THE ETHICAL - AESTHETIC RELATIONSHIP

Author(s): Nicoleta Flavia Cionte (Dan) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2021

In the literature, a relationship is established between ethics and aesthetics. Ethical aesthetic, good-beautiful relationships are twinned. Ethics synthesizes the rules and regulates human relationships, behaviors and develops norms valid for a community or a society. Aesthetics studies the laws and categories of art at the highest level of creating and receiving beauty. The ethical-aesthetic relationship, good and beautiful, has been highlighted in the history of art and morality because it is permanently involved in the real life of man. The ethical-aesthetic relationship is a vast subject of debate, with various associations and ramifications, so that it is very difficult to exhaust. The ethical norms adopted by students in popular literature constitute the morality derived from reading and interpreting popular texts. Oral literature lives with and through heroes, mythical figures and fabulous characters; they populate the wonderful space of the imaginary.

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DERIVATIVES WITH THE PREFIX DES- / DEZ- IN THE VOCABULARY OF POSTWAR ROMANIAN POETRY

Author(s): Claudia DRAGOMIR (DRĂGHICI) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2021

The derived models provided and used by postwar poets play an essential part in the ''grammar of poetry" through the interference of language levels. The poetic derivatives with the prefix des- often "associate" with an antonymic repetition resulting in lexical contrasts. Such derivatives suggest equivocal sensations to the meaning of a determination by using lexical parallelism and analogy, being created by different types of derivation. The analysis of poetic derivatives from the perspective of word formation joins the pun specific to creative lyricism.

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FILOZOFIJA SEKSUALNOSTI I L’ÉCRITURE FÉMININE

Author(s): Dijana Zrnić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 23-24/2023

In her work, the author problematizes, but also tries to shed light on, the phenomenon of female sexuality and the place and role of women in the symbolic space, by entering into a dialogue with representatives of l’écriture féminine (“women’s writing”), as a French branch of feminist philosophical-literary theory from the beginning of the 70s. those years of the 20th century. The first findings resulting from this polemical discussion reveal that the subject of interest of the theory of “women’s writing” is the inscription of the female body and female diversity in structural language and text, by means of deconstruction as a post-structuralist method. It will be shown that the search for a “hidden signifier” in language, which tends to express the unspeakable, implies a critical review of philosophical, psychoanalytic, and literary-theoretical positions on the development of female sexual identity, as well as on the role of women in the symbolic order. Thus, Foucault’s texts question the archeology of sexuality in the narrative, under the strong influence of psychoanalysis. French psychoanalysts, led by Freud, through the phenomenon of hysteria, which Foucault reinterprets as a phenomenon of self-misunderstanding, open the way to consider the misunderstanding of one’s own desire and one’s own sexuality, while literary theorists in parallel introduce the discursive production of knowledge about sexuality, emphasizing the ubiquitous misunderstanding and exclusion of female sexuality. from the standard male language code. In the end, the author concludes that in the androcentric language, women are defined as “other”, and that they must enter into a dialogue with their otherness in order to reaffirm such an understanding of themselves and their sexuality.

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PHILOSOPHY OF SEXUALITY AND L’ÉCRITURE FEMININE

Author(s): Dijana Zrnić / Language(s): English Issue: 23-24/2023

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