Learner Perspectives on Mobile Phone Integration for Vocabulary Development in Translation Classes

Author(s): M. Naci Kayaoğlu,Hasan Sağlamel,Mustafa Kerem Kobul / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Rapid changes in technology are reflected into all walks of education as well as language learning and teaching situations. In line with these changes, studies into the integration of mobile phones into language learning contexts, particularly to facilitate vocabulary acquisition, have spawned. However, learners’ perceptions regarding the impact of the integration of mobile technologies are not fully explored. This study aims at discovering learners’ perceptions of mobile phone integration in translation classes. Twenty-seven learners studying at an English Language and Literature department in a north-western Turkish university were sent SMS text messages including the target words before, during and after the translation courses for 6 weeks. Nine students who were selected based on their frequency of response rate, 3 the most frequent respondents, 3 average respondents and the least 3 respondents respectively, were interviewed. A content analysis of the semi-structured interviews reveals information about the learners’ mobile telephone use and their perceptions of mobile phone use for language learning purposes. The findings reveal that learners in general hold a positive opinion of mobile phone integration although some hesitations have been voiced. A discussion of learners’ perspectives on the current and future use of mobile phones is provided.

Polifoniczność przekładu a polifoniczność powieści. Koncepcje translatologiczne Theo Hermansa w świetle teorii Michaiła Bachtina

Author(s): Kinga Rozwadowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2016

The aim of the paper is to discussTheo Hermans’ approach to translation as a quotation, presented in his book The Conference of the Tongues (2007) in the context of Mikhail Bachtin’s polyphony theory.Both concepts base on distinction between the voice of the reporter and the voice of the Other, and argue that the relationship between them is significant.Hermans understands translation as a “picture” of the original work, which consists of framing and embedded utterance. Framing means all kinds of paratexts, all forms of translator’s or publishers’ comments attached to the particular translation and the embedded utterance is a translated text itself. This construction enables the author to draw a parallel between the translation and the reported speech. Hermans presents the model of eight types of reported speech, merging gradually from paraleptic omission into free direct discourse. He argues that the way the reporter presents words of the Other matters and shows his attitude towards reported ideas and values.From this point of view translation is presented as an impure, polyphonic text, where translator’s voice is constantly confronting the values expressed in the original work and, therefore, forced to negotiate them. Theo Hermans’ concept reminds Bachtin’s idea of “dialogical word” where two voices meet and confront within one utterance. This proves that Bachtin’s polyphonic theory of a novel is functional in research in Translation Studies

Przekład jako przedmiot przedstawiający: ku ontologicznej definicji przekładu

Author(s): Joanna Kubaszczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2016

The paper has a theoretical character. An attempt is made to grasp and define translation in its essence in accordance with Roman Ingarder’s phenomenological theory of the literary work of art. Even in ancient times it was believed that translation was imitation. In some contemporary translation theories translation is compared to an image (cf. Paepcke, Tabakowska). This prompts the author to ask how that metaphorical term relates to the translation, what common characteristics can be established and what is the difference between them. Their most important common feature is that they are representations. Their qualities also include simultaneous similarity and similarity disorder, transitivity, the connection with the original (the transcendental aspect) and the self-directedness, liberation from the original (the immanent aspect).In the second part of the paper, the concept of translation as an object representing the original is proposed in accordance with Ingarden’s concept of the represented object. For example, the following aspects are discussed: the concealment of heterogeneity to the original by the translation, its presumption to be what it is not, the pretense of authenticity and the aspect of the illusory. With regard to the translation series, the question is asked in which the divergence of the representations is founded and which of the representations can claim to be like the original. Particular attention is paid to spots of indeterminacy and opalization. The difference between translation versions is inter alia due to different make-up of spots of indeterminacy wherein the important role is played by the translators’ reflection (their intelligence, erudition, intuition), their imagination (the ability to construct images) and their experiences (their memory). Finally, an ontological definition of translation is formulated, which clearly distinguishes translation from other operations on texts, such as adaptation and summary.

Paradoks wieczności i przemijania: doświadczenie czasu w That in Aleppo Once... Vladimira Nabokova oraz w jego polskich przekładach

Author(s): Bartłomiej Musajew / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2016

Nabokov’s definition of art is based on a paradox. The eternization of evanescent beauty annihilates this beauty; by annihilating beauty, art annihilates itself. Even though there may exist a transcendent order, we can only access it in an indirect way, limited by time and ego. This paradox is strongly inscribed in the structure of That in Aleppo Once…, whose narrator is entangled in this circular dynamics between eternity and evanescence, creation and autodestruction. Only on the level of the author and the reader, that is on the level transcendent in relation to the fictional world, is there the possibility of passing from egocentric narratorial perspective to intersubjective space of language. In translation, this space has to be organized according to different rules. This is visible in two different Polish translations. One is by Teresa Truszkowska, who slightly reduces the narrator’s obsession as a result of a more rationalizing interpretation; the other is by Leszek Engelking, who sometimes even emphasizes this obsession.

Obce wcielenia Dusiołka. Leśmianowskie „cudotwory słowotwórcze” w przekładach anglojęzycznych

Author(s): Aleksandra Wieczorkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2016

Bolesław Leśmian is an impossible writer – according to Edward Balcerzan, “a poet with no masters, a master with no followers.” Additionally, he is usually considered as an untranslatable poet: the creator of his own idiomatic language, fraught with neologisms, archaisms, and dialectisms and subjected to the rigours of rhythm and rhyme, permeated with philosophical thought and vivid colours of the Slavic world – in short, an evident proof of the existence of the phenomenon known as untranslatability. But is it quite so? The main objective of the article is to present some difficulties connected with translating Leśmian’s poety into English at the example of the translations of Leśmian’s ballade “Dusiołek” (by Rochelle Stone, Marian Polak-Chlabicz, and Krzysztof Bartnicki) and to compare the translation strategies adopted by their authors.

Terry Pratchett, joueur de foot

Author(s): Jerzy Brzozowski / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2017

Sir Terry Pratchett’s “Unseen Academicals” shows the soccer world, but also the University, both of which are important. The title of the French translation, Allez les mages, is the first example of the naturalization strategy which focuses on football, but erases any hint of the British culture and, consequently, the reader of this translation is unable to see any allusion to the Oxford‑Cambridge old rivalry. Moreover, this strategy destroys the tension between the language of the “gentlemen” of the University and ordinary people, humble servants in the University but big ones in the football world. The rendering of the “cockney” by the Parisian argot is, in fact, Berman’s deforming tendency called vulgarization. In conclusion, the author of this paper believes that the French translator of Pratchett’s book, although very clever ar rendering of puns, took the wrong strategic decision, which his Polish colleague did not.

Les aventures extraordinaires du fantastique étranger sur le marché éditorial polonais après 1945

Author(s): Marzena Chrobak / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2017

L’auteur décrit les majeures tendances au marché polonais de la littérature fantastique au sens large de ce mot, pendant trois étapes de l’histoire moderne de la Pologne: l’influence néfaste de la censure pendant la période stalinienne; une prédilection pour le merveilleux mythologique, épique et folklorique (surtout celui des « pays frères »), celle pour le fantastique latinoaméricain, la popularité de Jules Verne, l’émergence des fancons et fanzines, une relative tenue à jour en ce qui concerne les chefs‑d’oeuvre du fantastique, à l’époque de la Pologne populaire; une globalisation du marché après 1989. Elle montre comment la littérature fantastique en Pologne a suivi l’évolution du marché du livre de lapénurie à la surabondance, tout en expérimentant un changement spectaculaire du statut.

Spásbháid, spásárthaí and spáslonga: issues of terminology in the translation of sci‑fi and fantasy into Irish

Author(s): Mark Ó Fionnáin / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2017

This article looks at the issue of terminology in Irish language translations of science fiction and fantasy. Although there are no original works per se in the language, there do exist several translations of well‑known international works.This has given rise to the problem of what to do in those cases where concepts or terms do not exist, or have never existed, in Irish: should a term be coined or invented, should they be left in the original form, or should they be written according to Irish orthographic rules? This article examines the reaction to the Irish translation of The Hobbit and of the main terms therein, and then focuses on those cases where Irish does have terms, but which are not one‑to‑one equivalents for the English word in question.

Le lexique fantastique des deux côtés de la Vistule Exemple des traductions de La Cybériade de Stanisław Lem en ukrainien et en français

Author(s): Kaja Gostkowska,Natalia Grabar / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2017

The work of Stanisław Lem aroused a lot of interest and fascination with literary critics and readers. The problematics related to the translation of his novels presents also an increasing activity: we mention only work entirely dedicated to translations of Lem in different languages. Our purpose is to analyze how this literature works “on both sides” of Vistula: in Ukraine and in France. We adopt two approaches. First, we observe globally the presence of Lem in these two countries: which novels have been translated in Ukrainian and in French, by which translators and, more specifically, at which period. Then, we focus our attention on specific choices done by translators through the analysis of translations of The Cyberiad, fantastic novel which presents an important number of traps for translators. The analysis we propose is concentrated on neologisms which, in the original text, convey a humorous effect, in order to compare the strategies adopted by the translators in these two languages. The analysis is performed using methods from Natural Language Processing and

Fantastic neologisms in translation: creature names in professional and amateur renderings of Sapkowski’s Witcher series into English

Author(s): Dorota Guttfeld / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2017

The paper discusses possible differences between translations of fantasy executed by translators who are themselves members of the source text’s audience, i.e. readers and enthusiasts of the genre, and those who are not, on the example of strategies used to render names of fantastic creatures in the several English translations of works by Andrzej Sapkowski. The examined translations differ in terms of translators’ experience (from amateurs to professionals), competence in the source and target languages and cultures, as well as the presence or absence of series and franchise pressure on consistency. The chief comparison concerns the rendering of nonce formations (mispronounced names) and neosemanticisms (names borrowed by the author from real species for their evocative etymology).

Le traducteur et l’interprète dans la littérature et le film Quand le fantastique et le réel se rejoignent

Author(s): Małgorzata Tryuk / Language(s): French Issue: 36/2017

Visual metaphor as an intersemiotic translation technique: the case of Peter Jackson’s The Lord of the Rings On “dangerous liaisons” between literature and film

Author(s): Aleksandra Stodolna / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2017

Literature and film, since the birth of the latter, have been developing together and influencing one another. Although incomparable on the constructional level, those two arts are similar in nature. Narrative techniques applied in literature and film are interrelated: they use many similar techniques to tell their stories, but above all, they use similar techniques to evoke emotions in their audience. In their analyses, Film Studies researchers often evoke two basic factors: plot and emotions – these are the bases for comparison between film and literature, for discerning intersemiotic translation techniques, and also the baseline for my short analysis. In this paper, I will start with pointing out a few key issues related to intersemiotic translation in the context briefly discussed above, then pass on to visual metaphor: its structure, types, and possible functions, and finally – to case studies that will illustrate how filmmakers use the visual metaphor in their work: “light is good/dark is evil” metaphor and the case of Sméagol/Gollum’s split personality in The Lord of the Rings trilogydirected by Peter Jackson.

Dominating and peripheral cultures in translation vs. translator’s status

Author(s): Karolina Dębska / Language(s): English Issue: 37/2017

In the introduction to his book The Translator’s Invisibility, Lawrence Venuti discusses the condition of the translator and of translation in contemporary America. In the country, translation is not a valued activity, translated texts are domesticated, and translators are expected to remain invisible. The article discusses how Venuti’s diagnosis applies to the situation in Poland, with its much more peripheral or even culturally subordinated status; whether the causes of translator’s invisibility, listed by Venuti, appear in translation into Polish; how the position of translation and of the translator is influenced by the target culture’s peripheral character; and whether there is a straightforward link between cultural hegemony and translation strategy.

Tłumaczenie niderlandzkiego czasownika zeggen na przykładzie polskiego i szwedzkiego przekładu Minoes Annie M.G. Schmidt

Author(s): Sylvia Liseling-Nilsson / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2017

The article provides an example of the influence of the cultural code, as well as linguistic conventions, on the form of a translation. A comparison between the original text and the translated Polish and Swedish texts revealed the adjustment to the cultures receiving the translations. Polish translator Joanna Borycka-Zakrzewska exploited the stylistic richness of the Polish language and used a variety of marked verbs, where additional paralinguistic elements are also stressed. Frequent repetitions of the same verb would in Polish be felt to be incompatible with accepted conventions. Swedish translator IngridnWikén Bonde have not varied the translation and used the lexical repetitions. It was possible to transfer Schmidt’s simple and repetitive style into the Swedish text without interfering with Swedish linguistic and stylistic conventions.

Kategorie czasu i aspektu jako środek nadawania pierwszoplanowości w liryce – analiza oryginału i przekładów wiersza Osipa Mandelsztama Wiatr otuchę w nas tchnął…

Author(s): Józefina Piątkowska-Brzezińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2017

The aim of this article is to show how tense-aspect morphology could be used for discourse-pragmatic purpose of structuring the lyric text. In the poem discussed, switching from PFV past to IPFV present is essential for shifting between foreground and background. The novelty of our approach lies in application of ideas developed within narrative analysis in order to discuss information grounding in lyric poetry. Analysing Polish and English translations of O. Mandelstam’s poem, we will demonstrate how saving temporal structure of the original text can become an important criteria in judging the adequacy of poetic translation.

Translator Google wie najlepiej… Czy na pewno? O rozwoju i jakości tłumaczenia maszynowego

Author(s): Karolina Puchała-Ladzińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2017

The article concerns the problem of machine translation, discussing both its advantages and drawbacks. The author’s main purpose is to put the popular online translator, Google Translate, to the test by means of various text types. Google translations are then analyzed and compared to their source texts. This will allow one to specify with which text typesGoogle can cope considerably well, and which it cannot handle at a satisfactory level. The analysis will also shed some light on the future role of human translators.

O przekładzie utworów poetyckich na przykładzie tłumaczeń poezji Skamandrytów na język hiszpański

Author(s): Aleksandra M. Jackiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2017

The article aims to show the difficulties which might be encountered by the translator who resolves to translate the poetry of the members of the literary group Skamander, whose poems are characterized by a unique mastery of language and a specific poetic strategy based on the description of the surrounding reality. The contrastive study of the source texts and their translations into Spanish will show to what extent the translators understood the uniqueness of Skamander’s poetry and if they managed to convey reality they depict to the Spanish reader. The aim of such a juxtaposition is to determine whether the translation choices made by the translators reveal their awareness of the specific formal and stylistic structure of poems, deriving from the strategy employed by the poets. A starting point for the study is the theory of translation as “the experience of the foreign” put forward by Antoine Berman. The examination of twelve tendencies which deform the source text, allows to verify if and to what extent the translators of Skamander’s poetry made it possible for the Spanish-language reader to “experience the foreign” reality depicted in the source texts.

Audio description in puppet theatre for children – a case study

Author(s): Natalia Kiser / Language(s): English Issue: 37/2017

The aim of this paper is to review existing guidelines and strategies for AD in children’s theatre and to prepare an accessible visit for visuallyimpaired children to a puppet theatre. Taking under consideration the complexity of Plastusiowy pamiętnik (Plastuś’ Diary) the performance chosen to be audio described, we decided to create an audio introduction, AD script and a touch-tour prior to the spectacle. We believed that in such a way children could enjoy the play to the same extent as the sighted audience do. Our intention was to find out how to describe the convention of puppet theatre as well as to reach the balance between the abundance of stimuli in the play and information that should be delivered in the AD script, without breaking the suspension of disbelief.

The Terminological Conundrum of Translation Studies. Toward a Polish Dictionary of Translation Terms

Author(s): Łukasz Bogucki / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The aims of this paper are as follows: to provide an outlook on the current state of Translation Studies as an academic discipline, including literary and non-literary approaches; to advocate the need for a terminological revision and up-to-date taxonomisation within Translation Studies, in Polish, English, as well as other major European languages; to describe an ongoing project that may eventually be a small step toward accomplishing the above.

Popularisation of Science as Translation: A Cultural Linguistic Account

Author(s): Katarzyna Stadnik / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

In the paper, we focus on the question of science popularisation as translation. We develop a Cultural Linguistic account of how conceptual metaphors help tailor the abstract conceptual content to the needs of non-experts. Since the issue linking the various topics in our paper is the mind-reality relation, we offer a linguistic analysis of selected conceptual metaphors in Michał Heller’s Philosophy of Chance. We provide insights into the worldview emerging from the author’s narrative about the evolution of the concept of CHANCE.